Formation Of Segments Research Articles

Green tourism in Ukraine, formation, development and prospects

The article is devoted to the problem of the development of green tourism in Ukraine. Green tourism is an important part of rational nature management, which involves the creation and maintenance of recreational systems, including supporting the development of destinations by improving their ecological and general culture. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the vectors of formation, development and promising directions for the development of green tourism tour products. Research objectives: 1) to identify the relevance of the problem; 2) consider the concepts, features, types and functions of green tourism; 3) study the main determinants of the development of tourism potential in Ukraine; 4) develop proposals regarding the prospects for the development of green tourism on the territory of Ukraine. To achieve the goal of the article, a number of methods of scientific knowledge were used, namely: analysis of scientific literature, induction, deduction, synthesis, generalization, comparison. The development of green tourism requires the implementation of mandatory strategic and territorial planning for each individual territory within the administrative and territorial units of our country, the creation of the necessary infrastructure in rural areas, the implementation of an individual marketing strategy, monitoring the consequences of the growth of tourist flows, the involvement of the local population, and the development of volunteerism. Based on the relationship to green tourism as an economic category, it is possible to define green tourism as a component of the tourism industry, which produces and sells its tourism product and receives profit from it, or as a tourist activity in rural areas that brings profit for the preservation of the natural environment, and also to improve the standard of living of the local population. The most promising direction for improving the green tourism management system at the regional level is the creation of regional tourism administrations. The conducted analysis provides an opportunity to talk about Ukraine as a country that has great potential for the formation of a successful segment of green tourism. The main development problem is the lack of a strategy for the development of green tourism and, as a result, there are no precisely established tasks and goals facing this area. Taking into account the determining importance of green tourism for the development of tourism in Ukraine, it is necessary to create a cluster "Green tourism in rural areas of Ukraine". For these purposes, it is necessary to make changes to the program of the development of inbound and domestic tourism with the establishment of specific tasks and goals that are in the green tourism, with clarification of effective mechanisms for their implementation and a plan of activities for the development of the cluster.

Investigation of chip formation of Ti–6Al–4V in oxygen-free atmosphere

Titanium and titanium alloys have high strength at low density, good corrosion resistance and excellent biocompatibility. Therefore, the use of titanium materials is well established in high-performance applications such as aerospace and biomedical. However, titanium and titanium alloys such as Ti–6Al–4 V have low thermal conductivity, exhibit unfavorable chip formation with typical segmented chips and have high chemical affinity to surrounding elements such as oxygen. Tool wear and the properties of the component surface and sub-surface are significantly influenced by the presence of oxygen and resulting chemical interactions. Among other things, chemical reactions such as oxidation occur due to the high temperatures and presence of oxygen. In this work, the chip formation of Ti–6Al–4 V at different cutting speeds in discontinuous orthogonal cutting process under different atmospheres is investigated. A conventional air atmosphere, a pure argon atmosphere and a silane-doped atmosphere were used. The oxygen content of the silane-doped argon atmosphere corresponds to an extremely high vacuum (XHV), which is practically oxygen-free. It was found that chip formation is affected by the surrounding atmosphere. At the cutting speed vc = 80 m/min, non-periodic segmentation is present under oxygen-free atmosphere, while segmental chip formation occurs under air. This is accompanied by up to 16.5% lower feed force under inert gas atmosphere, which is due to reduced friction caused by the use of an oxygen-free atmosphere.

Risks of digital transformation of transport logistics in priority market segments

Experts associate future digital transportation transformation with the formation of new segments in the transport and logistics services market. The relevance of the study is due to the need to increase the technological efficiency and efficiency of the provision of transport and logistics services to ensure the competitiveness of national organizations in the world market. The purpose of the article is to study digital transformation in transport logistics, to identify possible threats to their implementation in order to increase the competitiveness and investment attractiveness of the national macro-logistics system as an important part of the global market of transport and logistics services. The trends of scientific and technological progress in the priority market segments of transport logistics are summarized. The results of identification of risks due to innovative activity of organizations in new segments of the transport and logistics services market in the era of economy digitalization are presented. It is established, that the successful functioning of companies in transport and logistics services market, their competitiveness will be determined by the flexibility and speed of their reaction to the changes taking place. The obtained research results serve the basis for further analysis, risk assessment in the field of «blue oceans» in transport logistics, development and implementation of measures to affect them.

Competitive strategy of sustainable and eco-oriented development of investment-construction company

The most important factor in increasing the sustainability of development companies is the emergence of an eco-oriented demand for residential real estate on the market. The purpose of the study is to form a complex of organizational, economic and managerial mechanisms to ensure the competitiveness of investment and construction organizations with a primary focus on market relations based on balanced eco–oriented supply and demand, ensuring the sustainability of development systems. Materials of domestic and foreign researchers in the field of implementation of projects of various scales with priority in the fields of ecology, economics, marketing, management of companies both in construction and in related industries served as the theoretical basis of the study. The article actualizes: transformations in the housing market based on the formation and growth of segments of eco-oriented demand and supply with conceptual refinement; analysis of trends in the development of the territorial housing market and priorities of its ecological development and eco-oriented consumer demand; a competitive strategy for sustainable and eco-oriented development of a development company is formed. Measures for the effective application of the development strategy will ensure a significant increase in both the volume of eco-oriented demand and the volume of eco-oriented supply for residential real estate.

Інструменти забезпечення стійкого інноваційного розвитку національної економіки

The article examines the imperatives of the formation and application of innovative tools for the sustainable development of the national economy. It is noted that the formation of the innovative economy is connected with the formation of a new segment of the modern economy – the national innovation system (NIS), which is a set of the State innovation policy, subjects of innovation activity, innovation infrastructure, innovation processes and resources, where all elements are equivalent and are in close functional interdependence. It is emphasized that the most important condition for the modernization of the domestic economy is the formation of NIS, which should eliminate institutional and organizational gaps between the fundamental, applied, branch, educational and corporate sectors of science; to concentrate the necessary material, financial and personnel resources on strategic areas of innovative development. It is noted that the key task in the field of creating the infrastructure of the innovation system is to fill the missing links, which involves the development of institutions and mechanisms for financing innovations, production-technological information and consulting infrastructure, the network of which is developing at an extremely slow pace. The structure of the innovation mechanism is presented, which includes three management contours that provide the legislative basis for innovation activity; national competitiveness; management of sustainable development of the country through activation of human capital. It has been proven that the functions and tasks of the State regulation change in the conditions of the transition to an innovative model of development. The task of developing an effective policy, which plays the role of a catalyst in the formation of general conditions for the development of entrepreneurship and innovative activity, is put forward.

Финансирование низкоуглеродного развития России: подходы и приоритеты текущего этапа

An economy with a low level of greenhouse gas emissions is presented today both as a tool for achieving the goal of structural transformation of the economy and its technological modernization, and as a factor of economic growth. But to date, the process of transition to a low-carbon economy in Russia has not yet been launched, since the formation of the institutional environment of the carbon market has not been completed and the mechanism for financing low-carbon development projects has not been determined. The subject of the study is the formation of a stable segment of the national financial market, which is reflected in the ongoing and planned expenditures of the state in accordance with budget plans. The purpose of the work is to form an objective opinion on the actions taken at the national level to form a new sustainable segment of the national financial market, which is designed to accumulate national climate finance. The study revealed a problematic situation: the perception of low-carbon development as a tool for solving accumulated problems, contributing to structural adaptation and technological re-equipment, is constrained by the politicization of the climate agenda, which slows down the process of forming a national carbon market and using its opportunities for the benefit of the national economy. It is concluded that Russia has prospects for achieving national priorities of socio-economic development through the possibilities of financing low-carbon development, but for this it is necessary to complete the formation of an institutional framework for the national carbon market and coordinate its development strategy with the national investment policy.

The approach to assessing the characteristics significant for consumers when buying meat and meat products of organic origin

The effect of the “healthy food” trend, which has recently been the basis of food choice among consumers, has significantly transformed approaches to buying, in particular the selection and evaluation of meat and meat products. No less serious changes have occurred in the model of the purchase decision-making process, which in turn encourages manufacturers to develop positioning, production, and sale of products at a new qualitative level relative to all market vectors, one of which is the formation of the organic food market segment. Nevertheless, despite the significant transformation of the market, at the moment the segments for a number of product categories have not been finally formed. At the moment, the existing number of criteria that are the basis of choice does not always indicate the organic origin of the product, in particular, one of such criteria is the category “farm products”, often these two concepts are interchangeable in the consumer's mind. This article attempts to evaluate the main factors and criteria for choosing meat and meat products belonging to the “organic products” class based on understanding the transformation of ideas about the process of making a decision to purchase a product, considering the formation of the “healthy food” trend. Based on the results of the study, the main vectors of the development of the marketing relationship model with the consumer are determined, the interrelation of a number of factors indicating the organic origin of the product for the consumer is formulated. The key criteria for positioning meat and meat products of organic origin have been identified. The main conclusions regarding the characteristics that are significant for the consumer when buying meat and meat products of organic origin are formulated.

Features of the Segmental Formation of Ukrainian Politics Under Martial Law

Features of the Segmental Formation of Ukrainian Politics Under Martial Law

Formation of the Pre-Pensioner Segment in the Labor Market: Financial and Management Aspects

The article considers the results of the implementation of the pension reform in Russia in 2018, reflected in changes in labor market indicators according to Rosstat. The purpose of the study is to develop a scientific understanding of the processes of formation of the pre-pensioner segment of the Russian labor market under the influence of its external and internal factors. The authors use methods of statistical, correlation, and regression analyses, the calculation of the average for a certain integral of functions, as well as the method of linear modeling of multiple regression. The study assesses the scientific elaboration of the research topic abroad and in Russia. The issues of financial literacy of the population are analyzed. The financing of the training of pre-retirees in the professional competencies that are currently in demand on the labor market and support for unemployed pre-retirees who are registered with the employment center are considered. The selection of relevant demographic data and a sample labor force survey by age group has been carried out. The total number of pre-pensioners in 2018–2020 has been calculated and their structure according to the status of labor activity in the Russian labor market has been identified. The general dynamic, structural, and gender characteristics of the economic activity of pre-pensioners in the labor market are analyzed. The demand for pre-retirees by type of economic activity in 2019 is assessed. The authors conclude that there is a tendency to reduce the share of the pre-pensioner segment in the labor market after reaching the project retirement age threshold from 10.88% to 9.76%. The employment rate in this group of the population will be 66%. The study has established that the demand for pre-pensioners by type of economic activity in the labor market is 1.13 times higher for women than for men. A methodical approach has been developed to analyze the results of assessing the demand for state support measures by pre-pensioners. The article analyzes the influence of financial and social measures of state support for pre-pensioners on increasing their labor activity and competitiveness in the labor market. The results of the study can be used by the authorities to substantiate the assessment of the effectiveness of financing the measures they take to provide social and economic support to pre-retirees.

Geochronology and Petrogenesis of the Gol Mod Massif: Implications for the Geodynamic Evolution of the Orkhon-Selenge Belt, Northwestern Mongolia

The Orkhon-Selenge Belt is a Late Permian to Early Triassic volcanic plutonic belt located in northern Mongolia and is part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The Selenge Complex, which is a part of the Orkhon-Selenge Belt, is a key area for studying the tectonic and magmatic evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. This study aims to contribute to understanding of the geodynamic evolution of the Orkhon-Selenge Belt by investigating the petrology, geochemistry and geochronology of the rocks in the region. Our results indicate that intrusive rocks were characterized as high-K, Calc-alkaline series and metaluminous to weakly peraluminous I-type granite affinities and their geochemical characteristics are indicating as arc-like geochemical signatures with depleted in elements such as Nb, Ta, Ti and Y and enriched in elements such as Rb, Cs, Th, K and light rare earth elements. Using zircon U-Pb dating, we determined an age of 257.3±0.73 Ma for the alkali granite, suggesting that south-western part of the Orkhon-Selenge Belt formed during the Late Permian time. The Selenge pluton, which is closely related to Erdenet-Ovoo porphyry type mineralization, is a composite intrusion. However, the zircon grains display magmatic and low oxygen fugacity conditions, which characteristics are likely the effect of weak mineralization of magma ascent with Late Permian tectonothermal event in the south-west part of the Orkhon-Selenge Belt. The results of this study will provide insights into the formation and evolution of the north-western segment of the Mongol-Okhotsk Belt, and will have implications for our understanding of the tectonic history of this region.

Gldc Is Essential for Renal Progenitor Patterning during Kidney Development.

The glycine cleavage system (GCS) is a complex located on the mitochondrial membrane that is responsible for regulating glycine levels and contributing one-carbon units to folate metabolism. Congenital mutations in GCS components, such as glycine decarboxylase (gldc), cause an elevation in glycine levels and the rare disease, nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH). NKH patients suffer from pleiotropic symptoms including seizures, lethargy, mental retardation, and early death. Therefore, it is imperative to fully elucidate the pathological effects of gldc dysfunction and glycine accumulation during development. Here, we describe a zebrafish model of gldc deficiency that recapitulates phenotypes seen in humans and mice. gldc deficient embryos displayed impaired fluid homeostasis suggesting renal abnormalities, as well as aberrant craniofacial morphology and neural development defects. Whole mount in situ hybridization (WISH) revealed that gldc transcripts were highly expressed in the embryonic kidney, as seen in mouse and human repository data, and that formation of several nephron segments was disrupted in gldc deficient embryos, including proximal and distal tubule populations. These kidney defects were caused by alterations in renal progenitor populations, revealing that the proper function of Gldc is essential for the patterning of this organ. Additionally, further analysis of the urogenital tract revealed altered collecting duct and cloaca morphology in gldc deficient embryos. Finally, to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying these disruptions, we examined the effects of exogenous glycine treatment and observed analogous renal and cloacal defects. Taken together, these studies indicate for the first time that gldc function serves an essential role in regulating renal progenitor development by modulating glycine levels.

Profiling a single-stranded DNA region within an rDNA segment that affects the loading of bacterial condensin.

Bacterial condensin preferentially loads onto single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) invitro and onto rDNA invivo to support proper chromosome compaction. Thus, the actively transcribing rDNA would provide the ssDNA region for the loading of bacterial condensin. We attempted to detect the ssDNA region in the rrnI gene in situ. Non-denaturing sodium bisulfite treatment catalyzed the conversion of cytosines to thymines (CT-conversion) at the melted DNA of a genome. Using next-generation sequencing, we generated an average of 11,000 reads covering each cytosine on the rDNA segment. In principle, the CT-conversion rate is an accurate guide to detect ssDNA segment. We detected multiple ssDNA segments throughout the rDNA. The deletion mutations of the rDNA hindered the ssDNA formation at the 100-500bp segment downstream of the promoter. These data support the idea that the ssDNA segment plays a crucial role as the condensin-loading site and suggest the mechanism of condensin loading onto rDNA.

Formation of regional infrastructure of spatial data on the territory of Chelyabinsk region

The article outlines the main provisions of work on formation of the regional segment of the spatial data infrastructure of the Russian Federation on the territory of Chelyabinsk region. For this purpose, the author studied the needs of ministries and departments in spatial data, the problems of spatial data infrastructure (SDI) and ways to solve them, and also the main works of the subjects of the Russian Federation on the formation of the regional segment of SDI. The features and the model of the regional SDI were proposed, taking into account the main measures for the creation and development of SDI in Chelyabinsk region.

Application of resonance functions in estimating the parameters of interwell zones

It is shown that the use of force resonance leads to the effect of “shaking” the formation, followed by breaking up the film oil and involving it in the further filtration process. For the first time in oilfield geophysics, the concept of passive noise-metering method is justified for monitoring oil and gas deposit development by measuring the quality factor of the contours in the point areas of formation development channels in interwell zones. It is established that determining the depth of modulation for the reactive substitution parameter of the linear FDC chain is crucial not only for determining the parametric excitation in FDC attenuation systems, but also without attenuation in the metrological support for the analysis of petrophysical properties of rock samples from the wells. It is shown that based on the method of complex amplitudes (for formation pressure current, differential flow rates, impedance), different families of resonance curves can be plotted: displacement amplitudes (for differential flow rates on the piezocapacity of the studied formation section), velocities (amplitudes of formation pressure current) and accelerations (amplitudes of differential flow rates on the linear piezoinductivity of the FDC section). The use of predicted permeability and porosity properties of the reservoir with its continuous regulation leads to increased accuracy of isolation in each subsequent sub-cycle of new segment formation in the FDC trajectories, which contributes to a more complete development of productive hydrocarbon deposits and increases the reliability of prediction for development indicators.

Segmented chip formation during machining under the influence of different atmospheres

Abstract High temperatures and a pronounced segmented chip are characteristic of titanium machining processes. The formation of segmented chips induces an alternating high frequency mechanical load on the tool and thus promotes tool failure. The presence of oxygen triggers a multitude of chemical interactions during the chip forming process. However, the oxygen content’s impact during titanium machining, especially on the chip formation, is unknown. In order to draw conclusions on this process, the machining tests were carried out while varying the oxygen content. The thus produced chips were metallographically examined. The varying degree of segmentation could then be visualized by boundary etching and subsequently be evaluated.

Extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity promotes a carbon concentration mechanism in metazoan calcifying cells

Many calcifying organisms utilize metabolic CO2 to generate CaCO3 minerals to harden their shells and skeletons. Carbonic anhydrases are evolutionary ancient enzymes that have been proposed to play a key role in the calcification process, with the underlying mechanisms being little understood. Here, we used the calcifying primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) of sea urchin larva to study the role of cytosolic (iCAs) and extracellular carbonic anhydrases (eCAs) in the cellular carbon concentration mechanism (CCM). Molecular analyses identified iCAs and eCAs in PMCs and highlight the prominent expression of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane-bound CA (Cara7). Intracellular pH recordings in combination with CO2 pulse experiments demonstrated iCA activity in PMCs. iCA activity measurements, together with pharmacological approaches, revealed an opposing contribution of iCAs and eCAs on the CCM. H+-selective electrodes were used to demonstrate eCA-catalyzed CO2 hydration rates at the cell surface. Knockdown of Cara7 reduced extracellular CO2 hydration rates accompanied by impaired formation of specific skeletal segments. Finally, reduced pHi regulatory capacities during inhibition and knockdown of Cara7 underscore a role of this eCA in cellular HCO3- uptake. This work reveals the function of CAs in the cellular CCM of a marine calcifying animal. Extracellular hydration of metabolic CO2 by Cara7 coupled to HCO3- uptake mechanisms mitigates the loss of carbon and reduces the cellular proton load during the mineralization process. The findings of this work provide insights into the cellular mechanisms of an ancient biological process that is capable of utilizing CO2 to generate a versatile construction material.

Fractal structure of chaotic scattering in a simple hydrodynamic model with a point vortex embedded in a time-(quasi)periodic background flow

This paper is a study of a nonlinear dynamical system with 3/2 degrees of freedom consisting of a point vortex and an unsteady background flow. This background flow consists of two parts, a steady and a (quasi)periodic with two sinusoidal components with different frequencies and amplitudes. The considered system with a separatrix loop in the phase portrait is the simplest model of chaotic scattering of passive tracers on a topographic vortex, captured by a seamount, in the ocean. We have found that depending on variation of amplitudes of two sinusoidal components, the passive tracers enters and leaves the vortex region in portions. The frequency of escape and the size of such portions depend on the parameters of the background flow. It is shown that the structure of the fractal-like scattering function changes at low levels through the formation (disappearance) of segments according to two mechanisms, the action of which is determined by the relation between two frequencies of the perturbation.

Polyurethane/Vermiculite Foam Composite as Sustainable Material for Vertical Flame Retardant.

Rigid polyurethane foams were prepared by the one-step expandable foam method using casting molding followed by forming clay-based composites. Polyurethane/vermiculite foam composites (PU/VMT) were controlled based on adding the percentage of clay in the formulation. The effects of composite modifications were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS) applied to the flame retardancy explored by the vertical burn test. The results indicated that adding clay controlled the particle size concerning polyurethane (PU) foams. However, they exhibited spherical structures with closed cells with relatively uniform distribution. XRD analysis showed the peaks defined at 2θ = 18° and 2θ = 73° relative to the crystallinity in formation and interaction of rigid segments were identified, as well as the influence of crystallinity reduction in composites. In the flame test, the flame retardant surface was successful in all composites, given the success of the dispersibility and planar orientation of the clay layers and the existence of an ideal content of vermiculite (VMT) incorporated in the foam matrix.

Deletion of CEP164 in mouse photoreceptors post-ciliogenesis interrupts ciliary intraflagellar transport (IFT).

Centrosomal protein of 164 kDa (CEP164) is located at distal appendages of primary cilia and is necessary for basal body (BB) docking to the apical membrane. To investigate the function of photoreceptor CEP164 before and after BB docking, we deleted CEP164 during retina embryonic development (Six3Cre), in postnatal rod photoreceptors (iCre75) and in mature retina using tamoxifen induction (Prom1-ETCre). BBs dock to the cell cortex during postnatal day 6 (P6) to extend a connecting cilium (CC) and an axoneme. P6 retina-specific knockouts (retCep164-/-) are unable to dock BBs, thereby preventing formation of CC or outer segments (OSs). In rod-specific knockouts (rodCep164-/-), Cre expression starts after P7 and CC/OS form. P16 rodCep164-/- rods have nearly normal OS lengths, and maintain OS attachment through P21 despite loss of CEP164. Intraflagellar transport components (IFT88, IFT57 and IFT140) were reduced at P16 rodCep164-/- BBs and CC tips and nearly absent at P21, indicating impaired intraflagellar transport. Nascent OS discs, labeled with a fluorescent dye on P14 and P18 and harvested on P19, showed continued rodCep164-/- disc morphogenesis but absence of P14 discs mid-distally, indicating OS instability. Tamoxifen induction with PROM1ETCre;Cep164F/F (tamCep164-/-) adult mice affected maintenance of both rod and cone OSs. The results suggest that CEP164 is key towards recruitment and stabilization of IFT-B particles at the BB/CC. IFT impairment may be the main driver of ciliary malfunction observed with hypomorphic CEP164 mutations.

Early Stages of RNA-Mediated Conversion of Human Prions.

Prion diseases are characterized by the conversion of prion proteins from a PrPC fold into a disease-causing PrPSC form that is self-replicating. A possible agent to trigger this conversion is polyadenosine RNA, but both mechanism and pathways of the conversion are poorly understood. Using coarse-grained molecular dynamic simulations we study the time evolution of PrPC over 600 μs. We find that both the D178N mutation and interacting with polyadenosine RNA reduce the helicity of the protein and encourage formation of segments with strand-like motifs. We conjecture that these transient β-strands nucleate the conversion of the protein to the scrapie conformation PrPSC.