Formation Of Nickel Nanoparticles Research Articles

Zingiber officinale rhizome extracts mediated ni nanoparticles and its promising biomedical and environmental applications

BackgroundZingiber officinale, generally known as ginger, contains bioactive phytochemicals, including gingerols and shogaols, that may function as reducing agents and stabilizers for the formation of nickel nanoparticles (Ni-NPs). Ginger extract-mediated nickel nanoparticles were synthesized using an eco-friendly method, and their antibacterial, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, anticancer, dye degrading, and biocompatibility properties were investigated.MethodsUV–visible spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to validate and characterize the synthesis of Ni-NPs. Agar well diffusion assay, alpha-amylase and glucosidase inhibitory assay, free radical scavenging assay, biocompatibility assay, and MTT assay were used to analyse the biomedical importance of Ni-NPs.ResultsSEM micrograph examinations revealed almost aggregates of Ni-NPs; certain particles were monodispersed and spherical, with an average grain size of 74.85 ± 2.5 nm. Ni-NPs have successfully inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Proteus vulgaris by inducing membrane damage, as shown by the absorbance at 260 nm (A260). DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radicals were successfully scavenged by Ni-NPs at an inhibition rate of 69.35 ± 0.81% at 800 µg/mL. A dose-dependent cytotoxicity of Ni-NPs was observed against amastigote and promastigote forms of Leishmania tropica, with significant mortality rates of 94.23 ± 1.10 and 92.27 ± 1.20% at 1.0 mg/mL, respectively. Biocompatibility studies revealed the biosafe nature of Ni-NPs by showing RBC hemolysis up to 1.53 ± 0.81% at 400 µg/mL, which is considered safe according to the American Society for Materials and Testing (ASTM). Furthermore, Ni-NPs showed antidiabetic activity by inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes at an inhibition rate of 22.70 ± 0.16% and 31.23 ± 0.64% at 200 µg/mL, respectively. Ni-NPs have shown significant cytotoxic activity by inhibiting MCF-7 cancerous cells up to 68.82 ± 1.82% at a concentration of 400 µg/mL. The IC50 for Ni-NPs was almost 190 µg/mL. Ni-NPs also degraded crystal violet dye up to 86.1% at 2 h of exposure.ConclusionsIn conclusion, Zingiber officinale extract was found successful in producing stable nanoparticles. Ni-NPs have shown substantial biomedical activities, and as a result, we believe these nanoparticles have potential as a powerful therapeutic agent for use in nanomedicine.

Interaction of a Metallic Catalyst with the Barrier Layer Material during High-Temperature Formation of Nickel Nanoparticles

Interaction of a Metallic Catalyst with the Barrier Layer Material during High-Temperature Formation of Nickel Nanoparticles

NICKEL OXIDE NANOPARTICLES BIOSYNTHESIZED WITH Moringa Oleifera LEAVES EXTRACTS: SPECTROSCOPIC AND ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION IN THE DETECTION OF Escherichia Coli O157:H7

Metal nanoparticle synthesis using plant extracts has gained a lot of attention because of its ease-of-use, environmental friendliness and simplicity. In this study, nickel nanoparticles were synthesized using an aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves in a one-step synthesis technique. The formation of nickel nanoparticles was confirmed using UV-visible spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and EDS, and FTIR spectroscopy showed that these nickel nanoparticles may be reduced to nickel chloride by biomolecules that have an amide and phenolic structure. The electrochemical activity of synthesized nickel nanoparticles is revealed further by electrochemical characterization using cyclic voltammetry; preliminary study on electrochemical detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 shows an increased current response in the presence of nickel nanoparticles, which could be attributed to nickel nanoparticles rupturing the Escherichia coli cell membrane. This finding suggests that nickel nanoparticles could be used to detect E. coli O157:H7 directly.

Synthesis and characterization of nickel nanoparticles formed by solution cold plasma jet

In this work, nickel nanoparticles were prepared from nickel chloride solution using the liquid phase plasma reduction technique. A cold plasma jet was used for this purpose. The variation of the concentrations 0.5mM, 1mM and 2 mM and was used to study optimal condition of nickel nanoparticles formation. A concentration of 1 ml was observed to be the best, by using UV-Vis spectroscopy and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The optimum concentration was used to formation nanoparticles solution with variation the exposure time of cold plasma jet at (5 min, 10 min, 15 min ) respectively. The results shown by UV-Vis spectroscopy the nanoparticle peaks produced by surface plasmon absorption were observed around 365-375 nm according the discharge time of cold plasma. The nanoparticles were spherical homogenous as observed by Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) which also shown the average particle size about 25nm, and by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and also zeta potential (ZP) measurements were observed non-aggregated in the long term, the particles are very stable colloid, also no visible aggregation have been seen on the prepared samples in this concentration (1mM). In contrast to other concentrations which showed a nonhomogeneous morphology and aggregated. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) showed that NiNPs have a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure with a crystalline size of around 12.5 nm, and also Inductively Coupled Plasma mass Spectrometry (ICP-mass) were used to characterize the prepared samples.

One-pot solvothermal synthesis and characterization of highly stable nickel nanoparticles

Abstract High stable nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) have been successfully synthesized from nickel chloride as the precursor through a simple one-pot solvothermal process. A systematic investigation of the reaction parameters, namely, effects of reaction temperature, pH of precursor solution, the concentration of reactants, and reaction time on the formation of NiNPs, was carried out to obtain the optimal values for the synthesis. The optimum reaction temperature, pH, NiCl2·6H2O concentration, and reaction time are 190°C, pH 9, 0.1 M, and 24 h. The characteristic peaks of NiNPs have been confirmed by the Fourier transformer infra-red and surface plasmon resonance, with the presence of –OH stretching bands at 3,593 and 603 cm−1 (interaction with Ni and NiO) and λ max 265 nm, respectively. The X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope demonstrated the particle size of about 24 nm (by Scherrer) and 49 nm (Image-J), respectively, with the face center cubic phase. The synthesized NiNPs showed good stability, where the degradation of NiNPs was completed at 800°C with more than 97% residue as depicted by the thermogravimetry analysis. The synthesized NiNPs can be used as fillers to enhance the thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of polymeric materials.

Advanced nickel nanoparticles technology: From synthesis to applications

Abstract Over the last decade, nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) have been investigated for various potential applications due to their superior ferromagnetic properties such as magneto-crystalline anisotropy, high coercive forces, and chemical stability. Therefore, there has been a tremendous enhancement in the synthesis techniques, proposed reaction mechanisms, and applications of NiNPs. This paper presents a recent overview of the synthesis, reaction mechanisms, and applications of NiNPs. NiNPs in the size range of 1–100 nm are synthesized by various methods for research and commercial applications. The synthesis techniques are classified into three main types, namely, top-down, bottom-up, and hybrids of top-down and bottom-up protocols including solvothermal, physical, and chemical approaches. The detailed reaction mechanisms in the formation of NiNPs, especially for biosynthesis techniques, are extensively described. Trends in NiNP applications in fields such as biomedical, catalysis, supercapacitors, and dye-sensitized solar cells are explored. The basic advantages and role of NiNPs as a catalyst for various reactions are illustrated here.

Features of Nickel Nanoparticles Structure Synthesized by the Spark Discharge Method

Nickel nanopowders are obtained by the spark discharge method, which is based on the evaporation of the electrode surface under the action of the discharge current, followed by vapor condensation and the formation of nanoparticles. Nickel electrodes with a purity of 99.99% are used to synthesize the nickel nanoparticles in the setup. Nitrogen is used as the carrier gas with a purity of 99.998%. XRD, TEM, and EDX analyses of the nanopowders are performed. Moreover, HRTEM images with measured interplanar spacings are obtained. In the nickel nanopowder samples, a phase of approximately 90 wt% with an expanded crystal lattice of 6.5% on average is found. The results indicate an unusual process of nickel nanoparticle formation when the spark discharge method is employed.

The process of nickel nanoparticle formation in hydrophilic polymer/inorganic matrices

Polymer/inorganic hybrid based on silica sol and grafted polyacrylamide chains (SiO2/PAAm) was obtained by radical graft polymerization of acrylamide “from” unmodified silica surface. Its main parameters: RavSiO2, MvPAAm and N (the number of grafts per inorganic particle) were determined using static light scattering, elemental analysis, DTGA and viscometry. The hybrid was used as effective matrix in synthesis of NiNPs by borohydride reduction of Ni2+-ions in aqueous medium. A special approach to characterizing the kinetics and efficiency of NiNPs formation in pure water and hybrid solutions using UV-Vis spectroscopy was proposed and implemented. Due to this, an increase in the rate of accumulation and yield of NiNPs both in pure water and hybrid solutions with an increase in the Ni-salt concentration was established. In addition, a decrease in this rate with an increase in the concentration of hybrid matrices was found, as well as a slowdown in the reduction reaction in hybrid solutions compared to pure water. It was shown by TEM that the separate structural elements of the NiNPs/hybrid compositions are the swollen “hairy-type” hybrid structures with a size of ∼8.0–49.2 nm containing small (∼1.0–5.4 nm) NiNPs in PAAm “coronas.”

How addition of a nickel cyclohexyl-salen complex impacts a one-pot synthesis of nickel/hierarchically porous carbon monolith catalyst

Synthesis of hierarchically porous carbons incorporating metal nanoparticles can be carried out by a “one-pot” process in which the metal precursor is mixed with polymer precursors and structure directing agents, that undergoes a sol-gel self-assembly polymerization and then pyrolyzed under an inert atmosphere. Such syntheses are potentially cheaper and could make carbon catalysts more compatible with organic solvents. Previous work had shown that addition of metal salts interfered with the self-assembly process. To prevent this interference, and increase thermal stability, a nickel cyclohexyl salen complex was used as metal precursor. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) of the precursor solutions shows the presence of micelles in the absence of added complex. Addition of the complex is observed to give large agglomerates and a reduction in micelle concentration. SEM of the carbons formed shows that the nickel particles have a wide distribution of particle sizes and a heterogenous spatial distribution. Gas adsorption showed only modest changes resulting from nickel complex addition. XRD confirms the formation of nickel nanoparticles. The heterogenous distribution of nanoparticles observed in SEM is consistent with the large agglomerates observed in DLS being nickel cyclohexyl-salen complex which is not fully dispersed in the polymer and therefore gives heterogenous dispersion in the resulting carbon. The metal dispersion and stability of the carbon were improved over that observed with other salen complexes. The resulting catalysts were found to be catalytically active for the reduction of p-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride with catalytic activity consistent with the particle size distributions.

Metal Nanoparticles Formation from Nickel Hydroxide.

In this study, the mechanism of nickel nanoparticle formation from its hydroxide was analyzed. Metallic nickel nanoparticles were obtained through the hydroxide’s reduction under hydrogen. Nickel hydroxides were produced from nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate and NaOH by deposition under various initial conditions. The influence of washing treatment on the dispersion of obtained nickel powders was studied. The washing procedure of precipitates was carried out by centrifugation, ultrasonic treatment, and decantation. X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy methods were used for nanoparticle characterization. Based on the resulting data, a model of the Ni(OH)2 aggregate structure after deposition was proposed. The number of nickel hydroxide particles required to form one nickel nanoparticle was estimated, and a model of its formation was proposed.

Linear and nonlinear optical properties of innovative synthesis of nickel nanoparticles in polystyrene matrix as a new optical system

The manuscript reports the effect of incorporation of Ni nanoparticles into polystyrene matrix on the linear and nonlinear optical properties (NLO). The Ni-PS nanocomposite films were synthesized by casting method. The structure of synthesized Ni nanoparticles was analyzed by High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). It obvious the formation of nickel nanoparticles like needle shaped particles. The optical properties of the Ni-PS nanocomposite films have been studied from the optical reflection data recorded by UV–Visible spectrometer at typical frequencies of light in the wavelengths range of 850–2000 nm. The linear optical parameters (linear refractive index n, indirect optical energy gap (Eg), oscillator energy (Eo), dispersion energy (Ed), real and imaginary part of dielectric constants and the optical conductivity were evaluated and discussed. The indirect optical energy gap decreased from 4.54 to 3.91 eV as Ni nanoparticles increased. The dispersion of refractive index was studied using single oscillator Wemple-Di Domenico model. The third order nonlinear optical properties (χ(3)), nonlinear refractive index (n2) were found to increase as Ni nanoparticles increased and were estimated to be in the range of 7.5 × 10−19 - 9.4 × 10−14esu and 27 × 10−18 - 206 × 10−14esu respectively. The nonlinear absorption coefficient βc also increased as the Ni content increased. Furthermore, the electrical susceptibility χe and relative permittivity ɛr increased by Ni content. So, Ni-PS nanocomposite films are promising candidate for nonlinear optical devices.

In Situ Formation of Nickel Nanoparticles from Nickel Formate for Preparation of Straight Silicon Nanowires by Molten Salt Electrolysis

AbstractWater‐soluble nickel formate (Ni(HCOO)2), which can be dispersed uniformly in silica (SiO2), was used as the catalyst precursor for producing silicon nanowires (SiNWs) by molten salt electrolysis in this work. Ni(HCOO)2/SiO2 pellets were decomposed into Ni/SiO2 and NiO/SiO2 pellets in N2 and air atmosphere, respectively. The NiO particles could retain the initial size in molten salt due to their high melting point, while the Ni particles were always aggregated. Thus the NiO particles possessed a larger catalytic surface area than the Ni particles. After long time electrolysis of NiO/SiO2 pellets in a pilot‐plant, the obtained silicon presented a smooth and straight nanowire morphology and offered a delithiation capacity of 1995.5 mAh/g after 100 cycles when used as negative electrode material. These findings may have an important significance in mass production of straight SiNWs for lithium ion batteries.

Nanocomposite materials based on magnesium oxide and metal nanoparticles

The conditions and the patterns of copper and nickel nanoparticles formation by direct reduction from aqueous solutions of their salts in nitrogen atmosphere were studied, and nanocomposite materials based on magnesium oxide and metal nanoparticles coated with protective oxide shell were obtained. The obtained materials are of interest as sorbents for the purification of aqueous media from toxic impurities, as well as catalysts in organic synthesis, in particular for the production of methanol from carbon dioxide. Phase composition, thermal stability, microstructure of nanocomposites, as well as their sorption properties, were studied. The powders of magnesium oxide and nanocomposites based on it were found to have high sorption capacities with respect to lead and chromium ions – up to 2989.0 and 499.9 mg/g, respectively.

Click electroless plating of nickel nanoparticles on polyester fabric: Electrical conductivity, magnetic and EMI shielding properties

Most textile materials are electrically insulating. The metallization of a textile can greatly increase their electrical conductivity for application in wearable electronic devices and smart textiles. The electrically conductive fabric can successfully turn them to the electromagnetic shielding materials. Up to now, different methods have been reported for preparing conductive textiles mostly used costly treatment in special equipment produced rough and unpleasant handle. This work is aimed at synthesizing nickel nanoparticles on the surface of polyester fabric via costly effective chemicals through click electroless plating using a simple and easy method that called “Click Finishing” to achieve the product with an ideal electrical conductivity, magnetic and EMI shielding properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns verified the formation of nickel nanoparticles on the polyester fabric surface. The treated sample produced an electrical resistivity of lower than 2 Ω with incorporation of nickel nanoparticles. Moreover, the mechanical properties, antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli as a Gram negative and Staphylococcus aureus as a Gram-positive bacteria, thermogravimetric analysis, magnetic properties and EMI shielding of the samples were studied and the superior results obtained on the treated sample. Magnetization measurements revealed the saturation magnetization of 14 emu/g for the treated polyester fabric resulted in the noticeable improvement in the magnetic properties. Further, the shielding studies over a frequency range of 8.4 − 12.4 GHz indicated 100% shielding for the nickel treated fabric. These promising results can be notice for the great potential applications in the various fields of industries.

Monodisperse nickel-nanoparticles for stereo- and chemoselective hydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes

Here, we report the use of monosaccharides for the preparation of novel nickel nanoparticles (NP), which constitute selective hydrogenation catalysts. For example, immobilization of fructose and Ni(OAc)2 on silica and subsequent pyrolysis under inert atmosphere produced graphitic shells encapsulated Ni-NP with uniform size and distribution. Interestingly, fructose acts as structure controlling compound to generate specific graphitic layers and the formation of monodisperse NP. The resulting stable and reusable catalysts allow for stereo- and chemoselective semihydrogenation of functionalized and structurally diverse alkynes in high yields and selectivity.

Halide ion influence on the formation of nickel nanoparticles and their conversion into hollow nickel phosphide and sulphide nanocrystals.

A dependence of the formation of tri-n-octylphosphine-capped Ni nanocrystals on the presence of halide ions during their synthesis is shown. For the application-oriented synthesis of Ni particles, this information can be crucial. Furthermore, Ni nanoparticles can be converted to nickel phosphide or sulphide by heating them up in the presence of a phosphorus or sulphur source, resulting in either solid or hollow nanocrystals, formed via the nanoscale Kirkendall effect, depending on the synthesis route. By adjusting the Ni crystallite size in the initial nanoparticles via the halide ion concentration the cavity size of the resulting hollow nanocrystals can be tuned, which is otherwise impossible to realise for particles of a similar total diameter by using this process. The synthesised hollow Ni3S2 nanocrystals exhibit a much sharper localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) band than all previously presented particles of this material, which is known to show molar extinction coefficients at the LSPR maximum similar to Au. This narrow linewidth could be explained by the nanoparticles' high crystallinity resulting from the Kirkendall process and is interesting for various possible optical applications such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy owing to the low cost of the involved materials compared to the widely used noble metals.

Synthesis of nickel nanopowders in water/ethylene glycol solutions. The influence of precursor concentration and temperature on the particles’ size

Heterogeneous reaction of reduction of freshly prepared nickel hydroxide by hydrazine hydrate in water/ethylene glycol solutions have been investigated. The effect of the initial concentration of nickel hydroxide and temperature on duration of induction period and the total duration of the reaction and zero formal orders of nucleation and growth processes for nickel hydroxide were found as well as were observed that the activation energies of these processes are close. The size and composition of the formed nickel nanoparticles have been investigated using scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the obtained nickel particles are characterized by near-spherical shape and an average diameter of 120–140 nm and narrow size distribution. With the use of powder diffraction method it was found that obtained nickel nanopowders does not contain nickel oxide or hydroxide and consist of crystallites with a size 10–14 nm. Using Uv-vis spectroscopy the dissolution of nickel hydroxide and formation of complex [Ni(N 2 H 4 ) 3 ](OH) 2 in reaction mixture after adding of hydrazine was observed and the dependence of its solubility on ethylene glycol concentration in reaction mixture was investigated. Tentative multistage scheme of formation of nickel nanoparticles at heterogeneous conditions in water/ethylene glycol media was proposed. This scheme include 1) partial dissolution of nickel hydroxide and formation of nickel-hydrazine complex; 2) the decay of formed nickel-hydrazine complex on the nickel hydroxide surface and formation of nuclei of nickel nanoparticles; 3) growth of nickel nuclei via the reaction with dissolved nickel-hydrazine complex; 4) coagulation of small nickel particles; 5) growth of nickel nanoparticles from the surface. Keywords: nickel nanopowders, ethylene glycol, hydrazine, kinetics.

The Formation of Nickel Nanoparticles in the Heavy Oil Components

The Formation of Nickel Nanoparticles in the Heavy Oil Components

Formation Combined with Intercalation of Ni and Its Alloy Nanoparticles within Mesoporous Silica for Robust Catalytic Reactions

Intercalation of silica-supported nickel nanoparticles within mesoporous silica has been achieved through chemical reduction of nickel silicate with mesoporous silica ( mSiO2) coated on inner and outer surfaces. Formation of nickel nanoparticles was controlled at nickel silicate-silica interface and was well-confined by mSiO2 coating. Doping of other transition metals has been accomplished at the stage of nickel silicate formation, because of similarity in critical stability constants of respective metal salts. Doped nickel silicates were able to produce nickel-based bimetallic and trimetallic alloy nanoparticles within the final dual-shell configuration. This type of catalyst has been tested for both liquid- and gas-phase reactions, all showing good activity and selectivity. Ni nanoparticles could serve as the active catalyst or activity enhancer to other alloyed metals for different reactions. Especially for selective hydrogenation of trans-cinnamaldehyde, 100% selectivity toward hydrocinnamaldehyde at full conversion has been achieved without using noble metals. Spent catalysts in all cases showed no changes in terms of morphology and crystal structure, indicating this type of catalyst was robust under such reaction conditions, including gas-solid reaction systems.

Square Wave Voltammetric Detection of Nitrite on Platinum Electrode Modified with Moringa oleifera Mediated Biosynthesized Nickel Nanoparticles

In this study nickel chloride was reduced to its nanoform through a one-step synthesis protocol using the leaves extract of Moringa oleifera. Microscopic and spectroscopic techniques such as UV-vis., FTIR and SEM were used to confirm the formation of nickel nanoparticles. Electrochemical characterization using cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry further reveals the electrochemical activity of synthesised nickel nanoparticles; as preliminary study on nitrite electro-oxidation shows that nickel nanoparticles can catalyse this process better than some other nanoparticles.