Formation Of Innovative Infrastructure Research Articles

Digital strategies for managing agricultural lands in the region

The article is devoted to the development of innovative digital strategies for land management in the region based on the assessment of the effectiveness of agricultural land management in agricultural organizations of the Chechen Republic. The relevance is that the influence of innovative, digital and engineering technologies in the realities of today are a factor in the intensive development of agriculture and are important for the sustainable development of rural areas and the ability to manage agricultural land. The issues of innovation based on digitalization of agricultural land management are currently still quite unexplored. The term “digital agriculture” is focused on improving rural areas and improving the quality of life in rural areas. These problems are still relevant today. The article describes the features, problems and opportunities of digitalization as a tool for the formation of innovative infrastructure in the agro- industrial complex of the Chechen Republic. The article provides an analysis of the essence of the digital development of the agricultural industry. Objective and subjective reasons hindering their development have been identified. The conducted research made it possible to formulate priority directions and strategic approaches to the formation of innovative infrastructure in the agro-industrial complex of the region.

Formation of innovative infrastructure in the context of project-oriented management of the oil and gas industry

Innovative infrastructure of oil and gas enterprises involves the use of modern technologies, systems, and approaches aimed at improving efficiency, safety, environmental sustainability, and competitiveness in the production and operation of oil and gas. This study investigates the creation of a project-oriented supervisory company in the oil and gas industry in the context of innovative development, which is relevant and promising. The key challenges faced by consulting firms in the oil and gas industry and possible strategic directions for their resolution, which will require supervisory firms to be more flexible, innovative, and strategic in their approaches, considering the specifics of the industry and the needs of clients were identified. The study also develops a tree of problems for the creation of a project-oriented supervisory company in the oil and gas industry and determines that this direction is sufficiently relevant and necessary for the formation of innovative infrastructure of oil and gas enterprises. It gives an assessment of the economic efficiency of creating a project-oriented supervisory company based on the analysis of both basic methods – payback period and return on investment. The study’s calculations confirm the feasibility of creating a project-oriented supervisory company as an innovative infrastructure that will support the development of oil and gas structures for both the country as a whole and individual enterprises.

ЛІЗИНГ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ СТИМУЛЮВАННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ТА СТРАТЕГІЇ

Amid the spread of the global crisis and the shortage of financial resources, innovation is becoming one of the most important elements in ensuring survival and growth in the market. Therefore, leasing as one of the options for raising capital plays an important role in the innovative development of enterprises. The article considers the use of leasing as a tool for stimulating innovation in business and analyzes the impact of leasing relations on the development of enterprises and increasing their competitiveness. The research shows that today the leasing services market is characterized by a variety of leasing forms, models of leasing agreements and a diverse system of legal forms regulating the functioning of the leasing mechanism. The main stages of the leasing mechanism include: selection of the leased asset, selection of the lessor, conclusion of the lease agreement, payment of the lease fee under the agreement, use of the leased asset and termination of the lease agreement. The use of leasing has a positive impact on the operations of enterprises by reducing costs, improving productivity and product quality, accelerating the turnover of assets, and improving profitability. Due to the involvement of leasing companies in the process of innovation and their integration into the formation of innovative infrastructure, the issue of developing and expanding tools for the implementation of innovative leasing is important. Innovative leasing is distinguished by its uniqueness and high level of specialization of the equipment that is the object of leasing. We consider innovative leasing to be an effective and promising tool for technical modernization and innovation. Increasing the level of technological equipment in the leasing services market will help to expand the leasing portfolio, including attracting new types of assets. Considering innovative approaches to the provision of leasing services, in particular, the introduction of blockchain and other advanced technologies, it is obvious that such initiatives will have a significant positive impact on the competitiveness of leasing. The main advantage of innovative leasing is that it helps to respond more quickly to market changes and, if necessary, to quickly update the company's innovation strategies.

ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВО В РЕГИОНАЛЬНОМ ВУЗЕ: АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ, ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ

The article substantiates the need to develop technological entrepreneurship in a regional university. Based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature and regulatory and legislative documents in the field of scientific and technological development of society, various approaches to defining technological entrepreneurship and its key characteristics are described, the main forms of teaching technological entrepreneurship and means of supporting and activating students' entrepreneurial activities are highlighted. The main goals, areas of activity and tools of the Federal project "Platform of University Technological Entrepreneurship" are considered. The study presents the results of a survey of students in Syktyvkar on their readiness to create technological projects and interest in studying in this area. The article analyzes the educational activities of individual higher education institutions of the Northwestern Federal District in terms of using the tools of the FP “PUTP”. Particular attention is paid to the role of regional universities in training future specialists in the field of technological entrepreneurship. It is noted that universities play a key role in the development of technological entrepreneurship, as they develop skills and competencies, test, support and implement technological projects, which generally creates a favorable environment for the development of innovations and new technologies in the regions of Russia. Higher education should promote the ideas and philosophy of technological entrepreneurship. At the same time, the authors identified a number of problem areas in the development of technological entrepreneurship at universities, formulated conclusions about the current situation, and determined further prospects for the formation of innovative infrastructure. The article is of interest to specialists in the field of technological entrepreneurship, university teachers, students and anyone interested in the development of this area in Russia.

INNOVATION INFRASTRUCTURE AS A FOUNDATION FOR BUSINESS PROCESS DEVELOPMENT

Innovation infrastructure is most often associated with research activities and high-tech production. From a strategic point of view, innovation infrastructure ensures the process of realization of new or improved products, processes or production methods, thus creating the basis for highly efficient activities. In this sense, the formation of innovative infrastructure is extremely important for Ukraine as a basis for the development of high-tech industries and increasing the efficiency of business processes. Methodology. The article presents the authors' method of calculating the formation of innovation infrastructure as a basis for the development of effective business processes. According to it, it is a set of objects that create conditions for innovation and the presence of such objects can conclude the formation of innovation infrastructure. The proposed methodological approach consists of three blocks, including target block, preparation unit, evaluation and diagnostic unit. In this case the object of evaluation is innovation infrastructure. Therefore, the evaluation process should determine the level of innovation infrastructure formation. Results. On the basis of the scores of the indicators of formation of innovation infrastructure, on the one hand, it is proposed to determine a generalized score of formation of innovation infrastructure by oblasts, and on the other – an integrated specific score by provision of its facilities. Thus, the main indicators for assessing the formation of innovation infrastructure are the number of technology parks, the number of industrial parks, the number of science parks, the number of business incubators, the number of innovation centers, the number of free economic zones (with intellectual property units), the number of regional science centers. The correspondence of separate objects of innovation infrastructure with the stages of innovation process provided by them is given. It is determined that technology parks provide generation, transfer and development of knowledge, innovation centers – generation and transfer of knowledge, business incubators – acquisition and use of knowledge. Taking into account this comparative characteristic, the weight coefficients of each object of innovation infrastructure are determined. On the basis of concretization, the average score of formation of innovation infrastructure in oblasts is determined, which corresponds to the integrated score of formation of innovation infrastructure of Ukraine. Practical implications. The rating of the effectiveness of innovation infrastructure by oblasts was calculated. The top five leaders are: Kharkiv, Zaporizhzhia, Lviv, Dnipro, and Kyiv Oblasts and the city of Kyiv itself. The efficiency rating of the leading oblasts almost completely coincides with the indicator of innovation infrastructure development, with the exception of Donetsk Oblast, which has a better indicator of development than efficiency, and Zaporizhzhia Oblast, on the contrary, has an efficient infrastructure despite its low development.

Socio-Economic Essence of the National Economy`s Innovative Infrastructure

The socio-economic essence of the innovative infrastructure of the national economy has been studied. The features and forms of innovative infrastructure of the national economy are analyzed. Modern interpretations and components of the innovative infrastructure of the national economy are considered. The relevance of this article lies in highlighting the features of the formation of the modern innovative infrastructure of the national economy, which is extremely important in the conditions of military aggression. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the socio-economic essence of the innovative infrastructure of the national economy. The research methodology is represented by the methods of theoretical generalization, comparative analysis, abstract-logical. The results of the research consist in the synthesis of the historical trajectory of the development of the concept of "innovative infrastructure"; the modern interpretation of the innovative infrastructure of the national economy; highlighting the main scientific approaches to the research of innovative infrastructure; justification of the main functions of the innovative infrastructure of the national economy. It is justified that the main mission of the innovation infrastructure is the role of a catalyst between the inexperienced and low-income (experience, money, organizational knowledge) inventor and the market of goods and services. Tasks regarding the formation and development of innovative infrastructure are proposed: the development of the scientific, technical and innovative potential of the regions and the country as a whole; achieving an increase in production volumes through structural restructuring of the economy and replacement of traditional products with innovative knowledge-intensive products that are in demand; increasing the level of competitiveness of domestic products at the expense of science-intensive innovative achievements. The practical significance of the study is that taking into account the peculiarities of the formation of the innovative infrastructure of the national economy will allow speeding up the European integration processes and increasing the level of security for the infrastructure facilities of the national economy.

Іnnovative Priorities for the Development of Integrated Forms of Entrepreneurship at the Regional Level

The priority of innovative development at the regional level through the formation of innovative infrastructure is substantiated. We used system-complex and innovation-oriented approaches to determine the components of the regional development proposed. The work included the task of implementing the concept of modern regional development is defined. It was determined that the further expansion of the innovative infrastructure is objectively conditioned by the level of scientific, technological, and intellectual potential, the number of intellectual property objects, and other developments. The applied aspects of the operation of integrated forms of entrepreneurship at the regional level were considered, and directions for increasing investment activity and ensuring their competitiveness were determined. The expediency of forming an innovative infrastructure for the implementation of innovative priorities for the development of integrated forms of entrepreneurship at the regional level and ensuring its effective functioning and further expansion has been proven. The organizational possibilities for the implementation of innovative priorities at the regional level and innovative development projects with the aim of increasing investment income in the regional economy have been revealed.

DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE HEALTHCARE SECTOR: ANALYSIS OF WORLD EXPERIENCE

The article examines the elements of modern innovative infrastructure in the field of health care. An analysis of world experience in the formation of innovative infrastructure was carried out. Proposed elements of innovative infrastructure for implementation in Ukrainian realities.

CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF INSTITUTIONAL DESIGN OF ECONOMIC DYNAMICS IN THE CONTEXT OF STABILIZATION OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

Purpose. The aim of the article is to generalize the conceptual principles of institutional design and determine the elements of institutional support for the development of innovations in the national economy. Methodology of research. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the structural and functional analysis to determine the direct and indirect institutional elements of the regulation of economic dynamics; a systematic approach to the generalization of the conceptual foundations of institutional design of institutes of innovative direction; institutional analysis of the advantages and costs of institutional design of innovative institutions. Findings. It is emphasized that the implemented norms and institutions of innovative direction in the national economy are not able to produce positive effects due to the overwhelming imperfection of the institutional environment, which nullifies the introduction of incentives. Institutions and institutions that focus on the implementation of economic development are opposed by formal norms that hinder progress. It was established that institutional design is implemented through the adjustment of existing formal norms; introduction of new institutional norms, introduction of additional or new institutions or institutes; transplantation of economic institutions. It is argued that the transplantation of economic institutions from a more developed model is carried out with the help of "shock" therapy, "cultivation", introduction of the format of progressive changes through the creation of "intermediate institutions". Originality. It is substantiated that the technology of "growing" an economic institution is more attractive for the initial conditions that are characteristic of the national economy, because the time for adaptation of transplanted formats is shortened and the risks of dysfunctions are minimized, and the prospect of "rejection" of institutional elements due to relatively small design changes is limited. The only problem is the possibility of rapid "routinization" of intermediate forms of economic institutes, which will not contribute to the prompt implementation of the "desired" format of the institute and slows down economic dynamics. It is emphasized that the formation of intermediate institutes of innovation development in the economy must be implemented through successive forms of the institute of innovation within the stages of the implementation of the model of the innovation process. Thus, at the stages of providing financing for innovative activities, state financing can be supplemented by the introduction of such intermediate formats as state credit and state partnership; the stage of production of innovations – diversification and unification of various scientific structures into technoparks and clusters; the stage of innovation development can be strengthened by attracting state support for the innovation process (investment, infrastructure, communication, fiscal); for the stage of diffusion, the creation of scientific and innovative centres and the formation of innovative infrastructure are considered important. Practical value. The theoretical and methodological provisions of the study generalize and deepen the practical principles of institutional design of innovative development of the national economy. Key words: efficiency, innovation, innovative development, national economy, institutional dysfunction, institutional design, institute, stabilization of the national economy.

A NEW ECONOMIC MECHANISM IS A PREREQUISITE FOR THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE

The article is devoted to the review of economic system as an organic integrity that develops according to its internal objective laws. The article substantiates the innovative development as an essential condition for surviving in global economic space, analyzes the innovation state of economy in pre-war Ukraine, determines the reasons for the low-level development of new technologies in the country, that are hidden in the weak technical equipping of the working population, presents the data about rapid physical and moral depreciation of the material and technical base in all the spheres of national economy in the country. The problem of business entities lack of economic interest to invest in innovation is also considered, primarily due to the fact that venture investments are meant, that is, investments with a high degree of risk, limited financial capability of potential investors, as well as insufficient assistance from the state due to the imperfect economic and financial policy, being the result of the underdeveloped economic mechanism as such. The article reviews the evolution of the formation of a modern efficient economic mechanism, where the state cooperates with corporations and other economic entities that can be seen in the combination of planning in the form of various techniques and existence of the market and economic interest of its subjects. The world experience of state support and implementation of new technologies that increase the labour productivity is studied, and the economic mechanism of different countries is considered, that stimulates the transition of the economy to an innovative model of development, which is extremely important in the post-war period for the formation of many elements of the economic system from the ground up. As recommendations, the article highlights the necessary actions on the part of the state for the transition to a new economic mechanism and the main directions of innovation policy in Ukraine. The importance of the formation of new institutions that will promote the development of new technologies in the country and the formation of innovative infrastructure, as well as the adaptation of the financial system to support these institutions, is noted. The importance of providing state protection of intellectual rights as one of the crucial conditions for the innovation development in Ukraine is highlighted.

Ресурсосбережение как основа формирования инновационной инфраструктуры России

Innovative infrastructure plays a supporting role, serving the country’s economy, facilitating the transfer of technology, the transformation of knowledge into new market-demanded goods and services. Creating an innovative infrastructure is a long process that requires large financial, human, and other resources. The article analyzes the problems associated with the formation and development of innovative infrastructure in the context of resource conservation. An approach is proposed that allows the use of resource-saving mechanisms in the formation of innovation infrastructure. An algorithm for creating a comprehensive resource-saving management mechanism at the macroeconomic level is described.

Factors of Growth in Income from Research Activities in Universities of the Russian Federation

Theoretical concepts of the modern university pay a lot of attention to the evaluation of financial performance of research activities. The attraction of government-provided R&D funding is associated with the creation and enhancement of the scientific potential, and the accretion of scientific knowledge, rather than its practical application, is prioritised. Research projects commissioned by the private sector represents the university's contribution to the needs of the real economy or the "market" value of the accumulated potential. In Russian management practice, both of these criteria have become part of the regular evaluation of HEIs performance along with many other parameters characterizing the success of HEIs in achieving the benchmarks of scientific development. The objective of the study is to identify the factors that increase the financial success of Russian universities in the field of R&D. The fundamental hypothesis is that there is a direct correlation between universities' revenues from R&D and the priority directions of the state S&T policy with regard to universities, including the increase in publication activity, enhancement of human resources potential and formation of innovation infrastructure. The information base of the study was formed by the results of monitoring the activities of educational institutions of higher education in Russia in 2016-2022 for 590 institutions. The financial performance of HEIs' research activities is assessed using three indicators: the share of R&D revenues in the total revenues of an educational organization; the amount of extra-budgetary revenues from R&D per one research project and faculty member; the share of extra-budgetary funds in R&D revenues. To assess the statistical significance of the relationships, the tools of regression analysis of panel data were applied. The main conclusion of the study is to prove the mutual correlation between the vectors of scientific development of the university sector, which have been set at the state level in the last 10 years. The focus on strengthening university science coupled with intensification of cooperation with the real sector of the economy has been synchronized with the tasks of growth of publication activity, material provision of scientists, renovation of the instrumentation base, construction of research and innovation infrastructure.

ИННОВАЦИОННАЯ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРА КАК ДРАЙВЕР РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНА

The innovative infrastructure of the region symbolizes the totality of the objects of inno-vation activity and the correlation between them. The creation and development of in-frastructure is impossible without taking into account the peculiarities of each of the re-gions, its specialization, which also affects the innovation and investment potential of the region. As a result, the formation of inno-vative infrastructure provides a powerful in-centive for the development of the regional economy. The purpose of the study is to study the process of creating and developing the innovative infrastructure of the region on the basis of the already existing theoretical and methodological groundwork and practi-cal experience, as well as to determine the "driving" mechanisms of innovative devel-opment. The paper considers the main prob-lems of the formation of innovation infra-structure, assesses the current state of inno-vation infrastructure and formulates the "driving" mechanisms of innovative devel-opment. It is proved that the innovative infra-structure is the driver of the innovative de-velopment of the region, therefore, the pro-spects for the development of innovation stimulation and the expansion of network interaction are especially important.

Implementation of social and ecological innovations of cities of the Western Ukraine

Recently, the global economic community has been focusing on the importance of accelerated innovative development of the national economy. World institutes predict scientific and technological growth as the main engine of survival of enterprises and countries in today's competitive environment. Concerning the formation of innovation infrastructure, it is advisable to define the latter as a set of related and complementary production and technical, information and communication structures, enterprises, management systems, necessary and sufficient for successful reproduction of innovation, as well as implementation and dissemination of innovations to implement innovation strategy development. Infrastructure should promote the territorial spread of innovations or scientific and technical capabilities of the state to satisfy public interests. Thus, innovation should be considered a complex process of creating, disseminating and using a new practical tool for a new social need. Management of the formation of the market of ecological innovations at the state level is designed to ensure the reproduction of ecological demand, ecologically oriented production base, human factors and motives for greening. The eco-innovation market is a segment of the overall innovation market. Ecological interests (national, regional, local and personal) are important for the formation of the market of ecological innovations. A partial idea of the interests of consumers gives the attitude of the population to environmental problems – the higher the concern of consumers about environmental problems, the higher their interest in environmental innovation. According to the significance of changes in the nature, content and results of the enterprise and its units distinguish technological, production, economic, trade, social, and innovation in management. The main essence of innovations in the social and ecological sphere of the organization of cities of the Western region of Ukraine is considered in the article. The main factors contributing to the emergence of innovations in the social and environmental spheres and the need for their development are identified. The concepts of «innovation» and «innovation process» are studied. The most well-known methods for finding funding sources for innovation in the social and environmental spheres are analyzed. The main goal of innovation in cities' social and ecological development in the Western region is emphasized. The main problems that significantly affect people's quality and safety in the Western cities of Ukraine are identified.

Innovative infrastructure as a driver of regional development

Importance. Innovation infrastructure is a special area of activity that provides support functions for the innovative development of the region. According to the concept of formation of innovation systems at the national and regional levels, innovation infrastructure should include two complex elements: “infrastructure of diffusion of innovations” and “innovative infrastructure of society”. Moreover, the first element pays serious attention not only to the spread of innovations, but also to cooperation and partnership of participants in the innovation process in the region. The second element, respectively, reflects the General conditions for the development of innovative potential for economic entities. A serious support function from the innovative infrastructure can become a driver of innovative development of the territory, a mechanism for the formation of an up-to-date innovative culture in the innovative environment of the region.Objectives. Study of issues of creating and maintaining elements of innovative infrastructure to solve the problem of innovative development of the region based on the existing theoretical and methodological background and practical experience.Methods. In the process of studying the issues of functioning and development of innovation infrastructure in Russian theory and practice, General scientific methods of knowledge, statistical research methods, as well as principles and methods of the system approach were used.Results. The article considers aspects of building a regional economy of an innovative type, tools and institutions that ensure the continuity of the innovation process. The analysis of the existing Russian experience in the formation of innovative infrastructure confirms the importance of the mechanism for supporting innovative projects. It is proved that innovative infrastructure is the driver of innovative development in the region. in this regard, the prospects for stimulating innovation and expanding network interaction are particularly important.Conclusions and Relevance. The regional economy of the innovation type implies an active transition to the knowledge economy, open innovation models, and a four-link spiral, which requires the formation of an integrated system for converting new knowledge into new technologies, products, and services in the regions. It is the regions that should become the activator of innovation at the national level. Therefore, to strengthen the regional aspect of innovative development, it is necessary to create favourable conditions provided with innovative infrastructure. Only by taking into account the tasks of developing the required level of innovation infrastructure can we talk about achieving the goals of implementing the innovation policy and innovation strategy of the region. The problem of coordinating the interests of participants in the innovation process, including through mechanisms for creating and maintaining elements of the innovation infrastructure, remains a complex issue.

Возможности развития инновационной экономики в регионе в оценках бизнеса и органов власти

Цель: определение состава, силы влияния и вероятности реализации возможностей развития инновационной экономики в российских регионах на основе экспертных оценок. Обсуждение: в качестве основы для достижения цели приняты экспертные оценки. Эксперты представляют две институциональные группы: органы власти и бизнес. Результаты анкетирования обрабатывались методом нечетких множеств. Оценка произведена отдельно по силе влияния, вероятности реализации возможностей и по обобщающему показателю, отражающему оба указанных параметра и степень согласованности мнений экспертов. Возможности объединены в четыре группы: реализация государственных программ; стимулирование и внедрение результатов НТП; формирование инновационной инфраструктуры; сотрудничество с иностранными компаниями. Результаты: на основе полученных значений обобщающих показателей установлено, что наиболее высоко оценено влияние государственных программ. Особенно высока ее оценка «бизнесом». Возможности стимулирования и внедрения результатов НТП, по мнению «бизнеса», тоже достаточно высокие, органы власти относятся к данной группе более пессимистично. Возможности становления инновационной инфраструктуры оцениваются в целом как средние «бизнесом», низкие и несущественные – представителями органов власти. Возможности сотрудничества с иностранными компаниями для развития инновационной экономики оценены «бизнесом» как средние, и несущественные – представителями органов власти. По всем оценкам эксперты проявили высокую или достаточную согласованность.

Innovative development as a direction of functioning of regional tourist systems

Purpose. The aim of the article is generalization of conceptual bases of innovative development of tourism at the regional level, allocation of perspective directions of innovative activity in functioning of regional tourist systems of Ukraine. Methodology of research. The following methods are used achieve this goal the: analysis of scientific literature ‒ to study approaches to understanding the essence and structure of the concepts “innovation”, “innovative activity”, “innovative development”, features of innovation in tourism; generalization and synthesis ‒ to substantiate the conceptual foundations of innovative development of regional tourist systems. Findings. It is proved that innovation is an important factor and result of modern tourism, and innovation development should be considered as a priority to increase the competitiveness of tourism enterprises, destinations, regions and countries; it has a complex structure and systemic nature. It is substantiated that the main directions of innovative development of regional tourist systems are: formation of innovative infrastructure (in particular, in the form of tourist clusters), intensification of innovative activity at enterprises, increase of efficiency of introduction and use of innovative technologies, wider involvement of administrative, scientific and educational subsystems to the processes of generating and supporting innovation. Originality. Theoretical and methodological bases of research of innovative development of tourism at the regional level are improved. The concept of innovative factors of regional tourist systems has been further developed. Practical value. The results of the study can be used in the practice of regional and state management of tourism development, strategic planning, and in the activities of tourism businesses. Theoretical and methodological generalizations can be the basis for further researches. Key words: innovative development, regional tourist system, approach, concept, cluster.

Коммерциализация как фактор развития институциональных аспектов технонауки

The article features the institutionalization processes of modern technoscience, which occur under the influence of commercialization. These processes are described on the basis of the conceptual consideration of science as a social institution. Institutionalization is undestood as the process of formation of stable patterns of social interaction between science, technology, and business and their organizational and legal consolidation. Commercialization of technoscience leads to the formulation of a specific sphere of commodity production, where the product becomes an object of intellectual property, and social relations are built to obtain knowledge as a product aimed at transforming the world. This product is distinguished by its performativity, availability, and practical utility. In technoscience, the institutional forms of commercialization of activities are determined by the scope of its use, e.g. pharmacy or medicine, as well as private interests (from commercial profit, achieving power positions, strengthening prestige and gaining competitive advantages, to the whim of the beneficiary). The present research proves that the institutions that arise in the process of commercialization form infrastructure of the innovation activity. Thus, the process of institutionalization of technoscience has one of the main objectives of the formation of innovation infrastructure. All in all, organizations of scientific, technical, innovative, and support structures (government, commercial and non-profit organizations, etc.) act in the public interest. That way, they ensure the continuous progressive development of society by overcoming production downturns, its restructuring, changing, and expanding the product line, enhancing its competitiveness and attractiveness for domestic and foreign markets, as well as creating new jobs and preserving scientific and technical potential. The present research belongs to leading scientific school of Moscow State University "Transformation of culture, society, and history: philosophical and theoretical understanding"

The vector of state government participation in the innovation process: federal and regional aspects

Introduction. The article presents the authors' concept of state government as a regulator of the innovation process. The transition to an ongoing innovation process is an important feature of the modern period of scientific and technological development of the world economy. However it is impossible to approach the scientific and technological level required for developed countries in a centralized regulatory manner using only direct financing without the formation of innovative infrastructure. Materials and methods . The authors used the data of the Russian Statistic Bulletin and the analytical materials the Far East Investment and Exports Support Agency. The methodological basis includes the convergence and holistic scientific methods and approaches inherent in the institutional-evolutionary direction. Research result . As a result of the analysis, a new vision of the state government role as a regulator which is necessary to achieve the goals of scientific and technological development in the context of commercialization of the innovation process is outlined. Reducing the public functions does not contradict the concept of the active position of the state government in the formation of the institutional and infrastructure environment. The authors substantiate that it is necessary at the stage of forecasting and formation of the regional strategy. This point follows from the main directions of the economic policy on improving the investment climate in the scientific and technological sphere of the Far Eastern Federal District and the experience of the countries of the Asia-Pacific region, which the Russian Far East belongs to. The hierarchy of structures of innovative development is offered: The Federal Executive authorities - the institutional level represented by the Institute coordinating investment development and the financial instrument of development - administrative services of the entity of the Russian Federation - public institutions. Together these structures form an organizational mechanism for the development and implementation of the national innovation system development strategy. The formation of investment institutions complements the hierarchy of innovation development structures. Regional institutions created to promote the improvement of the investment climate should at the same time be innovation development institutions built into the hierarchy of policy levels of the regulator. Discussion and conclusion . The article discusses the evaluation of possibilities and conditions for combining and distribution by the Federal and Regional Authorities of functions to organize business engagement in the scientific-technological sphere and to overcome the regional and sectoral barriers. The authors substantiate the principles of a new technical and economic paradigm of innovative development: reducing the public functions, changing the nature of public institutions, changing the financial architecture, updating and mobility of production factors, virtualization of society.

Current State of the Regional Innovation Policy Implementation in Ukraine

Problem setting. In the context of the formation of a national innovation system in Ukraine, there is a need to implement an effective regional innovation policy aimed at ensuring high innovation potential in the region, applying a system of measures to activate innovative regional development and ensuring an adequate level of investment in the economy of the regions. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Among the studies on the development of the national innovation system and the formation of innovative infrastructure should be noted the work of legal scholars such as S. Glibko, O. Rozgon, A. Strizhkova. The target of research this article is to analyze the problems of implementing regional innovation policy.Article’s main body. The main objective of regional innovation policy is to create in the region a favorable innovation environment for the successful implementation of the process of obtaining, accumulation, enrichment of scientific knowledge and their effective transformation into technology and products, introduction of these products into important sectors of economy and social sphere. The main goal of regional innovation policy should be to create conditions for the formation of effective innovation infrastructure, to enhance the competitiveness of regional industries, to maintain in the region positive conditions for improving the socio-economic indicators of the region through the effective use of its innovation potential, and increase the level of development of scientific spheres. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Regional innovation policy should be effective and balanced, aimed at creating a favorable innovation and investment climate, conditions for development of innovative activity and overcoming regional disparities, while its implementation should identify the goals and directions of activity of regional state authorities and coordinated actions of relevant entities activities.