Коммерциализация как фактор развития институциональных аспектов технонауки

Abstract

The article features the institutionalization processes of modern technoscience, which occur under the influence of commercialization. These processes are described on the basis of the conceptual consideration of science as a social institution. Institutionalization is undestood as the process of formation of stable patterns of social interaction between science, technology, and business and their organizational and legal consolidation. Commercialization of technoscience leads to the formulation of a specific sphere of commodity production, where the product becomes an object of intellectual property, and social relations are built to obtain knowledge as a product aimed at transforming the world. This product is distinguished by its performativity, availability, and practical utility. In technoscience, the institutional forms of commercialization of activities are determined by the scope of its use, e.g. pharmacy or medicine, as well as private interests (from commercial profit, achieving power positions, strengthening prestige and gaining competitive advantages, to the whim of the beneficiary). The present research proves that the institutions that arise in the process of commercialization form infrastructure of the innovation activity. Thus, the process of institutionalization of technoscience has one of the main objectives of the formation of innovation infrastructure. All in all, organizations of scientific, technical, innovative, and support structures (government, commercial and non-profit organizations, etc.) act in the public interest. That way, they ensure the continuous progressive development of society by overcoming production downturns, its restructuring, changing, and expanding the product line, enhancing its competitiveness and attractiveness for domestic and foreign markets, as well as creating new jobs and preserving scientific and technical potential. The present research belongs to leading scientific school of Moscow State University "Transformation of culture, society, and history: philosophical and theoretical understanding"