Formal Aspects Research Articles

Formal and Composition Stability of Ekaterinburg Historical Center

Preserving the city structural elements of architectural and urban planning culture, is currently the most important task. It is necessary to achieve a sustainable development, preserve historical heritage and cultivate a careful attitude towards the culture of the Russian Federation. It is important to take into account the morphological integrity of the historically developed urban environment, which is considered through the prism of formal compositional stability. The article presents the analysis of the architectural and urban development to identify the most stable structural elements of Yekaterinburg. Systematic and historical approaches are the methodology of the study, which allows to consistently analyze the extensive material using urban planning and retrospective analysis.The article proposes periodic formation and development of the structural elements of the historical center from the beginning of the city formation to the present, including six periods: pre-reform, post-reform, pre-war period, war and post-war period, developed socialism and perestroika, postSoviet period. Structural elements of the historical center are reconstructed, reflecting the evolution of the formal and composition aspect of the city in each period of its historical development. Lost and most stable structural elements of the city are identified and can be protected as heritage.

Simbolik Geometri Dalam Catan Sulaiman Esa Melalui Prinsip Seni Islam

This paper explains geometric motifs through Islamic aesthetic point of view in the painting Garden of Mystery VI (1992) by Sulaiman Esa. Islamic art prescribes the whole way of life and all the activities that humans carry out in syumul (complete togetherness), including in the study of art. Islamic art is one of the advances in the civilization of the Islamic world and geometry is among the three motifs of Islamic art that are highly praised by the world community apart from calligraphy and Arabes. Islam has established those religious aspects play an important role in determining the basis and foundation to produce an element in the arts. It can be identified in geometric motifs through shape, meaning and symbolism that tend to have the concept of ‘Shari'a’. The main purpose of the study was to identify the types of geometric motifs and patterns in the painting artwork Garden of Mystery VI (1992). Explore the relationship between formalistic aspects of Islamic art and aesthetics through the production of Sulaiman Esa's paintings. This study also aims to see the aesthetic value of Islam which involves the pronunciation of symmetry in the context of mathematical culture. The written and visual data collection methodology in this study uses a qualitative approach that involves the design of case studies based on fieldwork empirical data obtained. Methods of observation, documentation and visual recording were used for the collection of research information. The findings of the study show that geometric motifs are decorations in Islamic art that comply with Islamic law and have their own privileges. An understanding of the form, purpose, philosophy, concept and purpose of geometric design application should be applied in Islamic painting artwork to form Islamic images and identities. Once again guide Islamic painters to internalise, understand and try to stimulate painters to dignify the true motives of Islam.

A predictive screening tool to evaluate the efficiency of Z/E photoisomerizable molecular switches

The evaluation of the Z/E photoisomerization efficiency is an essential task to design photoactive molecular devices. Nevertheless, this photoreactivity can be correctly described only by applying extensive and expensive computational methods. In this study, a predictive tool to screen the photoinduced Z/E isomerization efficiency of molecular switches is presented, based on three key properties: the structure of the ground state minimum, the nature of the electronic transition populating the optically bright state, and the presence of crossings between the optically bright state and the one lower in energy. Our methodology allows evaluating these properties by few and affordable calculations, potentially enabling the screening of large sets of photoswitches. After presenting the formal aspects, the tool is applied to model systems of paradigmatic classes of photoswitches (retinal, green fluorescent protein, hemithioindigo, chiroptical, and stilbene compounds) including derivatives. A comparison with the available experimental data is performed to validate our approach.

Exploring print media coverage of elite athletes' mental illness between 2010 and 2023 in Germany: a quantitative content analysis.

Recently, the stereotype of elite athletes' invulnerabilty has begun to be challenged by an increasing number of elite athletes who talk openly about struggling with mental health. Relatedly, previous research has focused primarily on specific incidents like the media's portrayal of personal disclosures. The purpose of this study was to expand this perspective and give a systematic overview of media coverage related to elite athletes' mental illness by examining more than one decade (2010-2023) of German print media reporting. Specifically, we were interested in changes over time and between broadsheet and tabloid press regarding content-related and formal aspects. Based on a systematic search and screening process in eleven German newspapers and magazines, 699 print media articles were analyzed with a codebook, forming a framework of content-related (reported mental disorder; central thematic focus; sources of comments and quotations; perspectives on the high-performance sports system) and formal categories (article genre; elements of responsible journalism). Univariate analyses and binary logistic regression models were used to examine changes over time (2010-2016 vs. 2017-2023) and differences between types of press (tabloid vs. broadsheet press) regarding content-related and formal characteristics. The results indicate an enhanced awareness towards the topic of mental illness and those affected in recent years within German print media. This was demonstrated by the increased integration of responsible reporting elements, the inclusion of diversified perspectives and the considerate selection of content. Despite this positive trend over time, the findings also suggest that media reporting in the tabloid press bears an increased risk for inappropriate storytelling, focusing primarily on personal tragedies. As personal fate of prominent figures like elite athletes will always meet great interest in the public, it is of utmost importance that the media report responsibly and promote critical thinking in society. The study shows the media's willingness to question conventional ideals embedded in the sports culture and take a more critical approach to the topic of mental illness in high-performance sports. By demonstrating a greater understanding of the importance and the seriousness of the issue, the media might also contribute to improved mental health awareness in society.

A Journey Through Islamic Art Exhibition: Purification of Form, Ineradicable in Content

Throughout the years, the manifestations of Islamic art from east and west have been diverse in the formalistic aspects but united in its spiritual essence. The wide range of ornamental motifs, stylisation, placement, material, and context is constantly changing according to the current trend of the period, reflecting the historical, social-cultural and economic background it was produced. This ensues that change is inevitably bound to happen, where traditional approach in Islamic art might not be suitable to implement in the modern society due to the unavailability of precious materials and patronage as before. Despite the challenge, the “Islamic” identity in their artworks is still being discretely preserved in their expression despite implementing and combining new techniques, styles, forms, and materials with traditional approaches. This creates an asymmetrical balance that embraces change while maintaining the Islamic principle, philosophy, and spiritual allure in their artistic production where the artists design their art to be parallel and in context with modernity. However, the Islamic identity in contemporary artworks is difficult to identify and challenging to decipher as the visual expression differs significantly from traditional art forms that people are accustomed to, making it vaguely recognised and understood. This constant and dynamic flux of tolerance and acculturation is something that is being visually exhibited by the Islamic Arts Museum Malaysia (IAMM) in their special curation “A Journey Through Islamic Art” that showcases traditional and contemporary form of Islamic art in the same place. Although the curation is impressive, but the visual tension it creates invokes the mind to think deeply about what makes an Islamic art “Islamic” and what is the suitable approach to appropriately fathom and consider the art piece as a work of “Islamic art” as the physical form of calligraphy alone is not sufficient for it to be considered as “Islamic.”

Формализованные схемы механизма управления организационной системой, реализующей циклы производства как совокупность разнородных бизнес-процессов

The article is devoted to the development of a mechanism for the efficient use of available resources of the organiza-tional system (OS) of a manufacturing enterprise with a cascade model of the production life cycle, in the context of the need to promptly increase the volume of manufactured products and reduce the time of delivery of products to the customer. Object of study: mechanism of resource management of the OS. Subject of study: formal aspects of this mechanism that help reduce the risk of making irrational heuristic decisions. Purpose of study: development of a for-mal-ized description of an effective mechanism of resource management of the OS. Methods: resource and process approach to management, project management and analogy method, methods and means of schematic modeling of electronic means. Main results and their significance: for individual business processes and the entire production cycle, based on the introduced components, formalized diagrams of the mechanism of optimal resource management of the OS were constructed, which made it possible, based on their application, to increase the efficiency of using the availa-ble re-sources of the enterprise and increase the output (rate of production) of its final products. Limitations of the de-veloped approach are shown.

Colonial Traces in Contemporary Italian Literature: The Cases of Giulia Caminito’s La Grande A (2016) and Mario Tobino’s Il deserto della Libia (1952)

ABSTRACT This article examines Giulia Caminito’s novel La grande A (2016) to show how descriptions of colonial subjects and spaces rely on stereotypes and exoticisations derived from colonial discourse. By analysing formal aspects and the intertextual relationship with Mario Tobino’s Il deserto della Libia (1952), the article underscores a continuity in terms of modes of representation between La grande A and its main sourcetext, suggesting a lack of interactions or connections with the transnational African/Italian authors who have confronted the legacy of Italy’s colonial past. In a mainly white European figurative framework, the novel marginalises and forecloses Black/African subjects while, at the same time, providing readers with orientalist descriptions of the former colonies. Although the novel addresses a frequently overlooked topic in Italian literature, namely colonialism and women’s experiences in the overseas territories, it also problematically reproduces stereotypes about Africa/Africans rather than effectively exposing and debunking them.

Creating and sharing linear algebra metaphors as an assessment for engaging students beyond the cognitive domain

In this research, we investigated how a summative assessment of creating and sharing metaphors for linear algebra concepts supported undergraduate students’ affective, behavioral, and cognitive engagement. All seven research participants were enrolled in an introductory linear algebra course designed to develop students’ geometric understanding of linear algebra concepts in R2 and R3. Using embodied cognition and an engagement framework, we analyzed students’ written responses and video-taped their focus group discussion. Our findings suggest that this summative assessment (a) privileged mathematical aesthetics and the affective domain of learning, (b) engaged students in binding formal aspects of linear algebra concepts with metaphors that they enacted via embodiment, and (c) was an opportunity to demonstrate learning and higher-order cognition. Thus, illustrating that assessments can focus on aesthetic and affective domains of mathematics while simultaneously integrating serious mathematical cognition. We conclude by offering adaptations of this assessment for other mathematics courses.

Kollegialitet i den videregående skolen: Lektoridentitet i en skoleorganisasjon i endring 1960–2010

Collegiality in upper-secondary school: Teacher identity in a changing school organization (1960–2010). In this article, it is argued that the teachers at the Norwegian upper secondary school had a distinct collegial practice characterised by both formal and informal aspects of collegiality, as well as close interaction between institutional and disciplinary bodies at the school. This practice enabled the teachers to be involved in their own academic and professional development, as well as in the governance of the school. With the democratisation of the school in the 1960s and 70s, and with the new ideals of governance in the 1990s, the characteristics of the teachers’ collegial culture were seen as a hindrance rather than a resource in the development of the school and the teaching profession. Drawing on unique sources from school archives, the article examines the teachers’ collegiality and how it changed from 1960 to 2010.

Penetapan Kuasa Asuh Terhadap Anak di Bawah Umur Pasca Perceraian: Analisis Putusan Pengadilan Agama Lubuk Pakam Nomor 0197/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Lpk

This article aims to investigate how the process of determining custody of children who have not yet reached the age of majority or who are not mumayyiz after divorce is in accordance with Indonesian laws and regulations, as well as how the law is applied in handling disputes related to this issue. This article applies a normative juridical research approach as an analytical tool to examine and interpret legal data contained in legislation, especially Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and the Compilation of Islamic Law and Presidential Instruction No. 1 of 1991. The results of the article show that firstly, although the Law on Marriage does not specifically regulate the process of determining custody of children under the custody of children who have not reached the age of majority after divorce, this issue is regulated in detail in Article 105 and Article 156 Compilation of Islamic Law. Determination of child custody is based on considerations of morality, health, and the parents' ability to educate children, which aims to ensure the child's primary interests. Second, law enforcement in resolving disputes related to determining child custody is still not fully in line with current needs, so it is necessary to revise Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and KHI to better meet current demands. The judge's considerations in determining custody are not only based on formal legal aspects of written legal rules, but can also be based on moral considerations, social values, including paying attention to environmental conditions, exploring the track records of both parents and the psychology of the children in the family at that time.

On refugee integration as organizing processes—Action nets, agency, and power

There has been growing interest recently in the role of organizations in supporting the integration of refugees into the receiving country's labor market and society. In much of this literature, organizations are conceptualized as stable entities and instruments designed to achieve specific collective objectives. While the formal aspects of organization cannot be ignored, the present excessive focus on them inhibits a more profound understanding of the intricacies of the everyday organizing of refugee integration, much of which takes place in between, outside, across, and despite organizations. This paper aims to review emerging approaches in the study of organizing critically, with particular focus on European management and organization studies. It seeks to demonstrate the value of these approaches in exploring and understanding the efforts to integrate refugees into European labor markets and societies.

아시아 헌법재판기관간 교류의 현황과 과제 : 아시아헌법재판소연합(AACC)을 중심으로

While the international communications among constitutional courts in Asia take various forms, in terms of multilateral forums, Association of Asian Constitutional Courts and Equivalent Institutions (AACC) is virtually the only one in which 21 constitutional courts or equivalent intstitutions participate. Unlike ordinary courts’ judicial exchanges, communications among judicial bodies in the realm of constitutional adjudication have the unique characteristic of enabling substantial and practical interactions beyond diplomatic and formal aspects. This is because, although the constitution holds the status of domestic law, the substantial content of the constitution, such as the protection of human rights and the separation of powers doctrine, is often common across countries. This characteristic is no exception in the Asian region. In the overall exchanges among constitutional adjudication bodies in Asia, the exchange of experiences and views on substantial constitutional issues occupies a significant proportion. The AACC has three permanent secretariats responsible for administration, research, and education, with the Secretariat for Research and Developmet(AACC SRD) operated by the Constitutional Court of Korea. Despite this, the AACC is not well-known in the domestic academic community. In light of this situation, this paper aims first to examine the basic history and current status of the AACC and AACC SRD. Notably, the AACC SRD has consistently held international research conferences for judges or rapporteur judges every year since 2017, even during the COVID-19 pandemic, and has published research book annually since 2018. This is noteworthy as it is unparalleled in terms of both quantity and quality in the comparative constitutional law studies within the Asian region. The second goal of this paper is to explore ways to address the limitations that the AACC Research Secretariat has exposed, with the perspective that the Constitutional Court of Korea can play a leading role in the development of constitutional law in the Asian region through the AACC SRD, which shapes the substance of exchanges among constitutional courts in Asia. From this perspective, this paper suggests strengthening research capabilities as a means to enhance the operations of the AACC Research Secretariat, specifically by expanding human and material support through measures such as seconding constitutional rapporteur judges to the AACC SRD. This paper specifically underscores the absence of Korean research personnel at the AACC SRD to date and strongly advocates for the inclusion of Korean researchers in its workforce.

Institutional power and the deinstitutionalization of marriage

AbstractIn this article, I revisit the debate surrounding the deinstitutionalization of marriage. I identify the divergent methodologies used to evaluate deinstitutionalization and argue that institutional power requires greater definition. I develop the concept of institutional power by applying a Lukesian lens to new institutionalist theories of institutional activities. I define deinstitutionalization as the loss of connection between institutions and their sources of institutional power which constitutes their institutionality. Further, I argue that the indicators used to assess deinstitutionalization must recognize (a) the formal and informal aspects of marriage's institutionality and (b) the regulatory, normative, and cultural‐cognitive bases of marriage's institutional power. I argue that discursive processes drive developments in the discursive field of intimacy yet the emphasis on individualization in existing scholarship struggles to adequately explain developments such as same‐sex marriage. I propose that the personal life thesis offers a more cogent explanation of these changes.

Automated Speech Analysis in Bipolar Disorder: The CALIBER Study Protocol and Preliminary Results.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) involves significant mood and energy shifts reflected in speech patterns. Detecting these patterns is crucial for diagnosis and monitoring, currently assessed subjectively. Advances in natural language processing offer opportunities to objectively analyze them. Aims: To (i) correlate speech features with manic-depressive symptom severity in BD, (ii) develop predictive models for diagnostic and treatment outcomes, and (iii) determine the most relevant speech features and tasks for these analyses. Methods: This naturalistic, observational study involved longitudinal audio recordings of BD patients at euthymia, during acute manic/depressive phases, and after-response. Patients participated in clinical evaluations, cognitive tasks, standard text readings, and storytelling. After automatic diarization and transcription, speech features, including acoustics, content, formal aspects, and emotionality, will be extracted. Statistical analyses will (i) correlate speech features with clinical scales, (ii) use lasso logistic regression to develop predictive models, and (iii) identify relevant speech features. Results: Audio recordings from 76 patients (24 manic, 21 depressed, 31 euthymic) were collected. The mean age was 46.0 ± 14.4 years, with 63.2% female. The mean YMRS score for manic patients was 22.9 ± 7.1, reducing to 5.3 ± 5.3 post-response. Depressed patients had a mean HDRS-17 score of 17.1 ± 4.4, decreasing to 3.3 ± 2.8 post-response. Euthymic patients had mean YMRS and HDRS-17 scores of 0.97 ± 1.4 and 3.9 ± 2.9, respectively. Following data pre-processing, including noise reduction and feature extraction, comprehensive statistical analyses will be conducted to explore correlations and develop predictive models. Conclusions: Automated speech analysis in BD could provide objective markers for psychopathological alterations, improving diagnosis, monitoring, and response prediction. This technology could identify subtle alterations, signaling early signs of relapse. Establishing standardized protocols is crucial for creating a global speech cohort, fostering collaboration, and advancing BD understanding.

Theonymy in Brazilian Sign Language: the signs of Orishas

Name-giving and organizing the world through concepts and categories are human acts underlying lexicon production in any language. The lexicon of a language includes proper nouns, which particularize people, places, or things. Onomastics is the field of Linguistics devoted to studying proper names. This article focuses on the proper names of Orishas in Brazilian Sign Language (Libras). It analyzes 10 signs that name Orishas in Libras as to their formal and semantic-motivational aspects and taps into the iconicity underlying the relationships between these signs and their referents that might have influenced their creation. This qualitative, applied study is based on descriptive and documentary methods and draws theoretically on Castro (2001), Sousa (2019; 2022a; 2022b; 2023), and Vidigal and Teixeira (2014). Findings indicate that 7 out of the 10 signs are classified as morphologically simple, while the remaining are compound and constituted by Libras-only formants, i.e., without borrowing from the Portuguese language. Iconicity was found in all signs except for NANAN-BURUKU in the semantic-motivational analysis. Findings point to a strong relationship between the naming of Orishas in Libras and the visual experience of the deaf, especially through the iconic relationship between the signs and their referents.

Assessing regulatory governance for the water and sanitation Agencies in Brazil

This paper focuses on evaluating and benchmarking the governance of regulatory agencies in Brazil's water and sanitation sector. Using a unique database obtained through the application of a questionnaire, we developed an index of regulatory governance and ranked all the agencies in Brazil that participated in the study. The index is an aggregate number of the evaluation of four key governance characteristics: Autonomy, Transparency, Accountability, and Tools & Capacity, including not only formal aspects of regulation but also indicators related to actual implementation. Based on 18 different indices, we analyze the positions of agencies with regard to different aspects of their regulatory governance, considering not only performance in each variable but also scores in the different components of each category. This evaluation identifies particular agency shortcomings regarding governance and indicates needed improvements. Although Brazil has strived to consolidate the governance design of its regulatory agencies, implementing the independent regulator model still faces several challenges. Various aspects of governance can be improved to pursue greater efficiency and quality in providing services, particularly in Accountability and Political Autonomy, where the country shows the largest number of regulatory agencies with the lowest scores. Conversely, almost half of the participating agencies show optimal scores in the Regulatory Autonomy aspect of governance. The results, for the most part, corroborate the institutional theory, in which the role of institutions is paramount for greater efficiency in providing public services, as it reduces information asymmetries and transaction costs and maximizes economic incentives.

The governance of the water-energy nexus: Co-produced narratives to take stock and address energy dependencies of the urban water cycle in Atlantic Europe

Water and energy (WE) are key resources to support human well-being and are highly interconnected. Intensifying demands of both resources and increasing resource scarcity are exacerbating their interconnectedness and calling for the adoption of an integrated approach called “WE nexus”. This paper explores the barriers and opportunities to govern the WE nexus in the Urban Water Cycle (UWC), particularly, the energy dependencies of the water supply and sanitation services in Atlantic Europe, through the assessment of four contrasting and representative regions: Canary Islands (ES), Western Andalusia (ES), Alentejo (PT) and Brittany (FR). We applied a “Quantitative Story Telling (QST)” method to assess the discourses from 49 stakeholders from across the four regions on WE nexus challenges and opportunities in the UWC, and the evidence that exists on them. The result is a pluralistic narrative incorporating the views of different stakeholders on what are the issues at stake and why, what needs to be done and how, and sustained by available data. The resulting narrative explores the formal aspects underpinning WE nexus governance in the UWC, but also informal rules linked to political economy. Our results revealed that WE nexus challenges are context-specific, however, there are important commonalities across regions and phases of the UWC value chain, suggesting that these are relevant at the Atlantic Europe scale. QST is not instrumental in directly inducing policy change or decision-making, but might be a valuable means for knowledge mobilization to question and enrich the quality of dominant discourses, and thus paving the road for action towards sustainability.

ОТРИЦАТЕЛЬНЫЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ В СВЯЗНОМ ТЕКСТЕ

Negative constructions in a connected text Summary The article examines the use of aspectual forms in negative constructions as a means of organizing a coherent text. In the description, we used the distinction between left- and right-sided multiple connections carried out by various elements of the structure. The state of anticipation is the main component of the described situation. Modal shades of the possibility of action are perceived as an additional semantic component in a minimal context, logically determined by the moment of expectation. We distinguish two types of expected situations: 1) the description of the situation ends with the occurrence (realization of the expected action); 2) the implementation of the expected action does not occur contrary to the objective prerequisites for its implementation. The context conveys the completion of the situation, indicating the fact of the occurrence of the action. The state of prolonged absence of the expected action is conveyed implicitly. The linguistic expression of the described denotative situation may include negative constructions such as не + imperfective aspect. The fact of the occurrence of an event is accompanied by a continuation of the previous state, but when negated, the perfective aspect is used. The actualization of what is behind the negation in the passage − the carrier subtext, the implicit confirmation of the positive content is perceived at the level of the semantic structure of the text as a whole. Key words: text, semantic connection, negation, types of verb, expected action, actualization, context, situation

Normative Examination of The Considerations of Pre-Trial Judge on Distortion of The Value of The Instruments of Evidence (Case Study of Pretrial Decission Number 5/Pid. Pre/2018/PN BTM At the Batam District Court)

<p>The formal administrative examination in pretrial is a mandate from PERMA Number 4 of 2016 which also contains a prohibition so that judges do not intervene the case material, but currently there is a pretrial decission No. 5/Pid. Pre/2018/PN BTM which cancels the determination of the suspect with the consideration that the evidence for the determination of the suspect has been distorted by the investigation period which is considered too long, from this decission it is necessary to analyze the construction flow of the judge's legal considerations and normative juridical examination as well as the legal consequences of the decission against the investigator. This research used descriptive analytical method using a normative approach (legal research) to obtain secondary data and an empirical approach (juridical sociological) to obtain primary data through observation (observation). The results of the study showed that pretrial judges form a new legal method regarding the distorted value of evidence based on the period of investigation in which this consideration was no longer on the assessment of formal aspects, from this decission Investigators if they want to re-determine someone as a suspect must use two different pieces of new evidence. For this reason, the Supreme Court is expected to establish special rules regarding mechanisms and clear boundaries for pretrial judges in establishing the rule of law, besides that a clear definition of deviant and/or fundamentally deviant decissions is needed and the annulling mechanism to anticipate legal smuggling.</p>

Convex optimization of contour deformations

We discuss various formal aspects of contour deformations used to alleviate sign problems; most importantly, relating these contour deformations to a certain convex optimization problem. As a consequence of this connection we describe a general method for proving upper bounds on the average phase achievable by the contour deformation method. Using this method we show that Abelian lattice Yang-Mills in two spacetime dimensions possesses, for many values of the complex coupling, an exponential sign problem that cannot be removed via any contour deformation. Published by the American Physical Society 2024