Form Of Sentences Research Articles

Types and Function of Euphemism in Minangkabaunese Used by Adults in Ulakan Tapakis

This study focused on the euphemisms in Minangkabaunese used by adults in Ulakan Tapakis which analysts the types and functions. This research used the descriptive qualitative method, which describes the data that the researcher collected in the form of sentences with the exact meaning possible. The data were euphemism utterances in the form of word, phrase, and sentence uttered by Minangkabaunese adults in Ulakan Tapakis. The researcher found that from all seven types of euphemism, the Adults of Ulakan Tapakis society often euphemism with word or phrase dealing with harsh word or sensitive words, which directed at characters and circumstance euphemism, obituary/incident euphemism, bodily part, diseases of euphemism, activity, occupation, and also things and animals. The researcher also found from five functions of euphemism, the society often used euphemism with the word or phrase for polite function, hide something, also for refuse danger.

TINDAK TUTUR PERLOKUSI DALAM ANIME MOVIE YURU CAMP KARYA SUTRADARA YOSHIAKI KYOUGOKU

Perlocutionary speech acts is a speech act that provides information uttered by a speaker where the utterance contains intentions and objectives that cause an effect or influence based on the utterance. However, there are still many people who find it difficult and confused about the meaning conveyed by the speaker and the meaning understood by the speaker is different from the intention conveyed by the speech partner. This study aims to describe perlocutionary speech acts based on types and sentence forms in the anime movie Yuru Camp by Director Yoshiaki Kyougoku. This type of research is a qualitative research with a qualitative descriptive method. Qualitative research was chosen because the data studied is in the form of utterances that neeed to be explained and described in words. Data collection technique using tapping, listening, and note-taking technique. This research uses the theory of perlocutionary speech acts types and sentence forms according to Yule, and context theory according to Hymes. From the research results, it wa foun that there were 63 data of perlocutionary speech acts which were divided into 5 types and 3 forms of perlocutionary speech acts, namely: 3 data of declaration speech acts, 22 data of directive speech acts, 20 data of expressive speech acts, 11 data of representative speech acts, and 7 data of commissive speech acts. while the forms of sentences are: 42 data of declarative sentence forms, 10 data of imperative sentence forms, and 11 data 0f interrogative sentence forms.

Directive Speech Act used in WA (WhatsApp) Messenger in Academic Discourse

This research studies about directive speech act in WhatsApp (WA) messengers. The objectives of the research is to describe the type of directive speech act. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The subject of this research is the chat online via WhatsApp. The data were analyzed by qualitative descriptive technique which resulted in descriptive, data descriptive in the form of sentence or word contained in WA messengers. The way of data collection is done by reading technique and technique of note. In this research, the researcher used documentation as the instrument. The results of the research show that, first, the types of directive speech acts were command, request, permission, reminding, suggestion and question. Second, the types of directive speech acts that most frequently used were command type.

Nurses' Experience of Occupational Alienation in the Clinical Setting: A Content Analysis.

Job alienation of nurses leads to adverse consequences such as occupational dysfunction and low quality of health-care services provided by these individuals to patients. This study aimed to explain nurses' experience of occupational alienation in the clinical setting. This qualitative study was conducted using the content analysis method. Data were collected via 18 in-depth and semistructured interviews from nurses working in the hospitals in Sabzevar, Iran. The participants were selected via purposive sampling and continued till data saturation. The obtained data were simultaneously analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis. The qualitative analysis of data content led to the extraction of the themes that reflected the nurses' experience of occupational alienation in the clinical environment. After the transcription of each interview, the obtained data were broken down into codes in the form of sentences and paragraphs related to the main concept. The codes were reviewed several times and the relevant semantic unit codes were written down and classified based on conceptual and semantic similarity. Qualitative data analysis led to the emergence of 260 initial codes, 120 subcategories, 30 main categories, and 6 themes. Finally, the main theme of the "nursing gradual separation from caring and clinical aspect" was extracted. According to the results, occupational alienation reduces the quality of patient care, weakens nurses, and reduces the continuity of their effective and active presence in the provision of care services and clinical decision-making. Therefore, managerial and organizational interventions are required to address this issue.

Sufism Literature: Divinity Philosophy in Taufiq al-Hakim’s Short Story Arinillah

PurposeThis article aimed to know how a Modern Egyptian writer, Taufiq al-Hakim, enlightened his readers to believe Allah's existence and could feel His presence more closely. MethodAs qualitative research, this article relied on verbal data in the form of sentences or paragraphs available in the short story. In collecting the data, the authors read carefully Arinillah, Taufiq al-Hakim’s short story; and made some notes on sentences or paragraphs considered to indicate ways of enlightening Allah’s existence. The data were analyzed qualitatively using Sufism literature theories to identify Taufiq al-Hakim’s ideas of Allah’s existences and his ways of educating the readers to believe in Allah. Results/FindingsTaufiq al-Hakim's ways of educating his readers to believe in Allah’s existence through the storyline beginning with curiosity and ending with regret. He did not curb the readers’ curiosity to know Allah's existence, but left them to play in the adventure of Sufistic spiritual imagination. At the end of the story, they regretted because they with their mind were not able to identify the existence of Allah, the greatest. ConclusionThe article concluded that Arinillah storyline was Taufiq al-Hakim’s way in interpreting hadith of the Prophet Muhammad SAW regarding prohibition to think Allah’s substance; and it was not true that he violated such a prohibition.

Pemerolehan Fonologi Dalam Perkembangan Bahasa Anak Usia 3,5 Tahun

Phonological acquisition is a critical aspect of a child's language development. This process involves the formation of a complex sound system of language through the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. This article examines how the process of phonological acquisition in the language of children aged 3.5 years. Children who were the object of this study had a fairly good level of language acquisition. But in terms of phonology, there are still many errors in pronunciation. The background of this study examines the importance of understanding the phonological acquisition process in a critical stage of children's language development. The study aims to identify the main factors that influence phonological acquisition in this age range. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method, which explains the acquisition of language in children in terms of phonology. Data collection techniques involve listening, interacting and speaking. The object of this study was a girl named Grace Angel Agata, who in interacting have been able to pronounce various forms of simple words and sentences. The results showed that the children were able to pronounce vowel elements (a, i, u, e, o), while consonant elements were still found to have some pronunciation errors. The study's findings underscore the role of social environment, interaction with others, and genetic predisposition in shaping a child's phonological development.

The use of euphemisms in Ancient Storybook of Indonesia Korea 1 Hanguk Indonesia Yetiyagi 1

Korean students and beginner-level Korean learners often use harsh language because they often learn from shows that use coarse language. Therefore, this study of euphemism aimed to describe (1) variations of euphemisms in the form of words or sentences, taboos, cultural traits, social discrimination, and negative situations (2) the functions of using euphemisms in the book Ancient Korean Indonesian Stories 1. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and pulling a conclusion or verification. Data validity was obtained from data triangulation. The data were analyzed based on the theory of the form and function of euphemism by Kim Mi Hyeong. This research shows the following results. First, the euphemisms of words 86%, and sentences 14%. Forms of euphemisms based on taboo is 71%, (2) social discrimination 10%, (3) negative situations 19%, and zero data were found in the form of cultural traits. Second, the euphemism function (1) the self-protection function is 9%, (2) the purification function is 43%, which is the most dominant function contained in the data in the object of this study. Second, the euphemism function (1) the self-protection function is 9%, (2) the purification function is 43%, which is the most dominant function found in this object of study. (3) control maintenance and social order 29%, (4) protection role 5%, (5) and function change in meaning 14%, and there was no data found on the function of the need for new terminology.

IMPLICATIONS OF BEHAVIORISTIC LEARNING THEORY IN PRIMARY SCHOOL LEVEL STUDENT LEARNING

According to behavioristic theory, learning is a change in behavior and overall student personality. At the elementary school level both SD / MI, one of the apparent learning successes is the change in student behavior. Elementary / MI students have several characteristics such as: (1) full of inquiry or curiosity, (2) spontaneously responding (paying attention) to various aspects of the world around them, (3) active in doing anything even though small things, and so on. Students at the elementary school level will be more motivated to learn by giving reinforcement (reinforcement) by the teacher in the form of rewards, rather than providing motivation in the form of motivational sentences. Behavioristic theory is seen as one learning theory that has positive implications in the learning process. This is because behavioristic theory emphasizes the existence of stimulus and response, thus making the role of the teacher here very vital. The teacher acts as the center of learning activities. Before the teacher carries out learning, the teacher makes a learning plan by taking into account indicators of learning success, identifying learning objectives, conducting learning analyzes and identifying student characteristics. Then in implementing learning, the teacher provides stimulus to students in the form of motivation, reinforcement, assignments and so on. After that the teacher gives feedback at the end of learning. In addition to having positive implications, this behavioristic theory also has weaknesses in its application in the learning process, because this theory emphasizes more on what can be seen, namely behavior and not paying attention to what is happening in the mind because it cannot be seen. Thus the behavioristic learning process is considered more as a mechanical and automatic process without discussing what happens in students while learning.

ATTITUDES IN THE SONG LYRICS OF OLIVIA RODRIGO’S SOUR ALBUM

This research aims to determine the types of attitudes and their manifestation in Olivia Rodrigo’s Sour album. The data used in this research is song lyrics in the form of phrases, clauses, and sentences. This data was obtained from Olivia Rodrigo’s official account on Spotify. The research method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative. The theory of attitude in this research is from Martin and White. This theory is used to identify the types and the manifestation of attitude in Sour. The results show that three kinds of attitudes (affect, judgment, and appreciation) are applied in the song lyrics. Based on the results, affect is the highest type of attitude found, with 74 frequencies (60.66%). Then, judgment is the second type of attitude that appears a lot with 39 frequencies (31.97%). The last type of attitude is appreciation, appearing at least with 9 frequencies (7.37%). Meanwhile, the manifestation, negative manifestation was the highest with 94 frequencies (77.05%), and the positive manifestation with 28 frequencies (22.95%). Affect is the highest type of attitude found in Sour song lyrics. Since more than 60% of the data is found in the form of expressions of feeling undesired, unhappiness, happiness, dissatisfaction, satisfaction, insecurity, and security. Meanwhile, negative manifestation is the highest type of manifestation found. Since 77% of the data is found in the form of expressions of misery, displeasure, disquiet, undesired, criticism, and condemnation.

Ketidaklangsungan Ekspresi Dalam Lirik Lagu Album Manusia Karya Tulus Dan Implikasi Pada Pembelajaran Sastra di SMP

This research approach is descriptive qualitative, which is in line with the research findings, namely in the form of a description of the Indirectness of Expression in the Song Lyrics of the Album Human Karya Tulus. This type of research is qualitative, because the data found were not obtained using statistical (quantitative) calculations but in the form of phrases, clauses or sentences contained in indirect expressions in the lyrics of the song Album Human Karya Tulus. The results of this research show that the analysis of deviations in meaning and creation of meaning in the lyrics of the song Album Human Karya Tulus obtained data that the indirectness of expression in the song lyrics in the form of replacement of meaning in the form of metaphor amounted to eight quotations, personification amounted to eleven quotations, deviations in meaning in the form of ambiguity amounted to six quotations , contradiction of three quotations, creation of meaning in the form of rhyme totaling six quotations and creation of meaning in the form of typography totaling three quotations. Thus, the indirect expression in the song lyrics that is most dominantly used in the Human Album by Tulus is the indirect expression in the song lyrics in the form of changing meaning in the form of personification totaling eleven quotes. The implications of the analysis of indirectness of expression in the lyrics of the song Album Human Karya Tulus for literature learning in junior high schools are expected to provide an understanding of the types of indirectness of expression in a song lyric. These implications are also expected to become additional teaching material to improve students' abilities in understanding the building blocks in a song lyric as well as creating a work of song lyrics.

THE IMAGE OF JAVANESE WOMEN IN THREE NOVELS OF NANING PRANOTO

This research aims to describe the image, position, and problems of Javanese female characters in the three novels of Naning Pranoto. This research is descriptive qualitative with a feminist analysis approach. The sources of data are the novels entitled Lupa Singgah di Shizi, Wajah Sebuah Vagina, and Mei Merah 1998 (Kala Arwah Berkisah) by Naning Pranoto. The research data are all lingual units in the form of sentences that contain the image, position, and problems of Javanese women in Naning Pranoto’s three novels. Data were collected using reading and note-taking techniques. Data analysis was conducted by comparing, categorizing, presenting, and making inferences. The results of this study show that the image of women displayed in the three novels by Naning Pranoto is quite dynamic because of the social contact experienced by the characters. Each character's background also affects the image labeled towards Javanese female characters in the three novels. When viewed from the position of female characters, Javanese women in the novels are depicted as figures who are more dominated by men. This could be Naning Pranoto's intention to protest or show cynicism towards those who marginalize women. Then the next problems shown in the novel mostly start from economic problems that cause other problems to arise such as sexual violence, oppression, and marginalization.

KONFLIK BATIN TOKOH NOVEL SENJA DAN PAGI KARYA ALFFY REV DAN LINKA ANGELIA: PSIKOLOGI SASTRA

This study aims to describe the characterizations and inner conflicts experienced by the character Alffy. This research method is descriptive qualitative. The research data is in the form of sentences and quotes that contain characterizations and inner conflicts. The data source for this research is the novel Senja Dan Pagi by Alffy Rev and Linka Angelia. Data collection techniques are reading, recording, and analyzing. The analysis techniques of this research are reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of this study are the characterizations of Alffy's character including responsibility, compassionate, kind, and brave. Inner conflict based on Abraham Maslow's theory that found data on the non-fulfillment of five needs, namely physiological, security, belonging and love, appreciation, and self-actualization. Alffy's character experiences an inner conflict due to unfulfilled needs which causes Alffy's character to feel afraid, sad, disappointed, and hopeless.

Reading Comprehension Problem and Solution in Online Classroom

The research focus on finding the problem and solution of reading comprehension in online learning class at ninth grade in 2022/2023 Academic Year. The research problems are focused on; 1. How do students learn reading comprehension in online learning class? 2. What kind of problems faced by students in studying reading comprehension in online learning class?, 3. What strategies can be used by students to solve the problems in online learning class?. To find the answer of the problem above descriptive qualitative research was conducted. The results of this research were in the form of words and sentences. It was found that some strategies were used by students as scan reading to save time and reduced eye strain due to gadget light, form a small group study with students who are near home to join reading class together and discuss about the material. if students found it was hard to read by smartphones or laptop some students print out the assignment given by teacher. Therefore, students could read easily, and underline the important information directly. Different from previous studies, this research, in addition to finding problems, also offers useful solutions for online reading learning.

The Mingle Technique as an Additional Model for Developing Foreign Language Competence

The “Minglеˮ technique has the potential to develop both the speaking skills of foreign language learners and their accuracy in terms of grammar and vocabulary. The purpose of the present study is to present the technique in all its varieties, to outline its advantages and disadvantages, and to test its effectiveness in terms of developing accuracy in the formation of sentences in the present simple tense. The study was conducted with 88 fourth-grade students, divided into two groups – experimental and control during the academic year 2021/2022. The results of the study were analysed according to five indicators and the performance of the experimental group was on average 9.4% better than that of the control group. This difference gives reason to consider that the “Mingle” technique is an effective exercise that improves learners' ability to apply the knowledge related to the studied grammar. It also increases the opportunity for oral practice and gets learners moving in class.

Translation techniques used and its shift in Stranger Things movie

The use of inappropriate translation techniques can cause distortion and a shift in meaning from the source language to the target language. In addition, the limited space for writing words in subtitles is a challenge for a translator. This study reviewed the use of translation techniques for expressions of fear that were realized in the form of sentences and the shifts that occured as a result of using these techniques. The data were the subtitles of the film Stranger Things season 1. To analyze the data, the researcher used a qualitative content analysis model (Santosa, 2021). In this study, the researcher used the theory of translation techniques (Molina & Albir, 2002). All data were expressions of fear in both English (SL) and Indonesian (TL). In addition, in analyzing the data, the researcher was assisted by two translation experts in analyzing the use of techniques and shifts that occurred in the translation data. In this study, the most widely used technique was established equivalent. With this technique, the translation results sounded natural in the target language. However, the use of reduction and discursive creation techniques distorted the meaning. Specifically, discursive creation distorted meaning in the target language; meanwhile reduction techniques caused a reduction of information. Furthermore, this study found that there was a shift in the function of commanding speech into asking speech due to the use of inappropriate translation techniques.

An Analysis of Abbreviation on the University Students’ Speech

<div class="WordSection1"><p>Abbreviations are often used to save time and space in writing or speech and become a trend of communication. They are created by taking the initial letters or syllables of a longer word or phrase and forming a compact representation of it. Abbreviations are commonly used in various fields such as education, medicine, science, and technology, and the most common usage is in everyday communication. This study aims to find out the type of abbreviation formation carried out by Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University students during their communication. This study used a qualitative descriptive method due to the researchers described the analysis in the form of sentence. The data was taken from the students’ communication in terms of recording. The results show that there are 4 classifications of abbreviation used by Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University students, namely acronyms which are obtained at 35.3%, shorthand which is 42.2%, fragments are 14%, and contractions which are 8,5%. No abbreviation is found in the form of a crest.</p></div>

A Critical Discourse Analysis on “Indonesia’s Jurassic Park-Inspired Tourist Attraction Worries Komodo Dragon Fans” News

<div class="WordSection1"><p class="Acknowledgement">The news article is a powerful type of discourse that is often used to influence others and a medium where people can use its power over society. News is a media platform for sharing information. However, due to the journalist’s background, news can be unfair in delivering the topic. Therefore, critical discourse analysis plays a vital role in examining the true meaning of the news article. One of the current issues regarding Indonesian tourism is the development of Komodo Island. This study aims to analyze how news article from foreign media portray this issue by analyzing how the discourse structure and ideology is organized in the text by applying the theory of discourse structure, such as text structure, social cognition, and social context. The data source for this study was an ABC.com news article with the headline “Indonesia’s Jurassic Park-Inspired Tourist Attraction Worries Komodo Dragon Fans.” This study used a descriptive qualitative method with documentation, observation, and note-taking techniques. This study finds out that text structure is divided into the macrostructure, superstructure (five sub-topics), and microstructure consisting of semantic (background, details, goals, presupposition, numerical), syntactical (sentence form, pronouns, coherence), and rhetoric (brackets, dash, letter type, images, quotation mark). Social cognition includes role schemes, event schemes, and person schemes.</p></div>

Hedges and Boosters in Student Scientific Articles within the Framework of a Pragmatic Metadiscourse

The ability of students to edit scientific papers is still low, especially in mastering the use of hedge (fencing devices) and boosters (strengthening devices). Hedges and boosters are forms of expression of the author's attitude towards propositional content through epistemic modalities. This study aims to describe hedges and boosters in student scientific articles within the framework of a pragmatic metadiscourse. A qualitative descriptive approach was used in this study. The data used is in the form of editing words, sentences, and paragraphs in scientific articles editing courses. The source of this research data is a scientific article by PGRI Adi Buana University Surabaya students in 2022. Data collection techniques use documentation techniques and recording techniques. Data analysis techniques to identify hedges and word lists of boosters using the AntConc application built by Lawrence Anthony. Data that has been obtained from the AntConc application found the frequency of hedges and boosters in scientific articles. The results of this study showed that the use of modal verb hedges in the first position was 214 frequencies, followed by 59 adverbs of hedges, and verb hedges were 3 frequencies, while the use of booster in the first position was 202 frequencies, followed by adverbs booster of 63 frequencies, and booster verbs of 6 frequencies. This study shows that students ability to tendency to (1) use epistemic modalities in modal verbs, (2) tend to use more capital verbs that mean certainty and possibility, and (3) tend to use adverbs to mean epistemic modalities.

Sosialiasi Faktor Resiko Perempuan Menjadi Korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Di Kota Sorong

This research aims to determine the risk factors for women becoming victims of domestic violence. This research is qualitative in nature using a case study approach to analyze data based on quality and described using words so that language or explanation is obtained in the form of sentences that are systematic and easy to understand. The research results show that the background of women becoming victims of domestic violence includes family economic factors and family dysfunction, which causes violence against women. Cases of violence against women at the Sorong City Police Station this time have entered into a violence emergency status and there will be 33 cases in 2022. Long-term prevention of violence against women is through the use of Positive Deviance and psychosocial approaches for families in reducing the level of domestic violence.

Analysis of Presupposition in John Mulaney’s Stand Up Comedy

This study aims to analyze the types of presupposition used in Stand Up Comedy “There's a Horse in The Hospital” By John Mulaney on YouTube and to describe the most dominant type of presupposition by using Yule’s theory. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The data were examined in the form of words, sentences or utterances that contain presuppositions. The findings showed that there were 31 data of presuppositions which consisted of 18 existential presuppositions, 4 factive presuppositions, 4 lexical presuppositions, 2 structural presuppositions, 1 non-factive presupposition, and 2 counterfactual presuppositions. Existential presupposition is the most dominant type which can be seen from the larger amount and percentage of data than others.