Forestry In Ukraine Research Articles

FEATURES OF ACCOUNTING DISPLAY OF FINISHED PRODUCTS AS A COMPONENT OF FOREST RESOURCES

Different disciplines and branches of science (economics, ecology, sociology, etc.) have their own approaches to understanding the concept of «forest resources», which can lead to differences in its interpretation. The article analyzes approaches to understanding the essence of the main categories of forestry, in particular, «forest» and «forest resources». It is noted that the diversity of approaches in defining the concept of «forest resources» is reflected in the variability of the understanding of this definition in the context of ecological, economic, socio-cultural and other aspects. The author's definition of the category «forest resources» as an object of accounting is presented and it is determined that forest resources are part of the country’s natural resources, which include not only forest products, but also its useful properties (for example, recreation and health). The author gives the most common approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of «forest resources», including ecological, economic, socio-cultural, ecosystem and integrated. Depending on the purpose and specifics of the use of the components of forest resources, their totality is divided into several groups: raw resources of wood origin; resources of non-wood origin; resources of animal genesis; multifaceted beneficial functions of the forest. The peculiarities of forest resources as a category of accounting are determined. It has been established that forest resources are recorded as biological assets. The assessment of the main ecological and economic indicators of the functioning of forestry in Ukraine was carried out and the conclusion was made that along with the improvement of the economic indicators of activity in the forestry sector, during the analyzed period, the deterioration of the ecological indicators of forestry activity was observed. The approaches of scientists to the classification of finished products as a component of forest resources were traced and their own classification was proposed according to the economic value and economic benefits from the use of the main and waste products, the rational use of which can provide enterprises with additional economic benefits.

ЕКОНОМІЧНА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ В СИСТЕМІ АНТИКРИЗОВОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ЛІСОВИМ ГОСПОДАРСТВОМ УКРАЇНИ

The presented material reveals the economic aspects of the effectiveness of the forest industry in the context of the formation of the anticrisis management system. Taking into account the fact that for the second year in a row a single specialized enterprise has been operating in the state forestry sector of Ukraine, the above summaries of its activities should be in demand in the expert and civil circles, as well as among foresterspractitioners. The author analyzed the financial results of the State Enterprise "Forests of Ukraine" for 2023, which have a positive tendency to increase - the company received a net profit in the amount of UAH 2.87 billion with a net income from the sale of products of UAH 23.06 billion, which is much higher than similar performance indicators for 2022 (during the period when more than 150 legal entities operated on the state forestry market). At the same time, it was noted that the largest share in the products sold by the enterprise is occupied by round lumber, firewood for industrial and non-industrial use (83.3%), which indicates an increase in felling volumes, compared to the same previous reporting period. The article presents the results of the analysis of the liquidity of the State Enterprise "Forests of Ukraine", which, despite the decrease in the coefficient of current and total liquidity, are approaching the normative value. That is, the indicator of business activity is increasing at the enterprise and its assets are more involved in financial and economic activity. At the same time, the author notes a negative decrease in the value of the ratio of provision of own current assets, which indicates a decline in the amount of own current assets for financing the total current assets of the enterprise. In general, in the context of ensuring the formation of the system of anti-crisis management of forestry in Ukraine, its reformation into a single legal entity contributed to increasing the profitability of the industry in the short term. The main directions of the formation of the system of anticrisis management of forestry in Ukraine are summarized.

ЛІСОВІ РЕСУРСИ ЯК ЧАСТИНА ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ КРАЇНИ

Forests are extremely important for the planet ecosystem and perform a number of ecological functions: they provide oxygen, regulate the climate, protect the soil from erosion, regulate water flows and contribute to the purification of the natural environment, and they are a habitat for numerous living creatures. But besides, forestry is characterized as a significant part of the country's economy. The purpose of the article is to study the role of forest resources in the economic potential of the national economy, to identify the current state and problems of forestry in Ukraine. In the work the attention is paid to the influence of forest resources on logging, hunting, various branches of the wood processing manufacturing, on food, pharmaceutical, energy, and tourism industries, as well as on science, education, and culture. Among other things, the infrastructural, export and international potential of forest ecosystems is highlighted. It is emphasized that irresponsible forest use can lead to catastrophic environmental consequences, including floods, landslides, destruction of buildings and disruption of the balance of ecosystems, etc. For this reason, it is justified that the forestry industry requires a rational and careful approach, as well as compliance with the principles of sustainable forestry. The article lists the pre-war problems of forestry: imperfect distribution of management functions, complications in property rights realization, high level of corruption and illegal activities in forests, shortage of relevant specialists in the field, deterioration of the sanitary condition of forests, lack of incentives for the introduction of nature-saving technologies, etc. A special place is given to the assessment of the impact of a full-scale war on forestry: the occupation of large forest areas, soil and water pollution, a significant increase in the number of fires, mining of territories, illegal felling of trees, stoppage of hunting activities, damage to forest infrastructure, inability to carry out normal forest protection activities, etc. It was concluded that all these problems have an extremely negative impact on the state of Ukraine's forest resources, but the final assessment of damage to forest ecosystems can be established after surveys, which will actually be conducted only after the end of the war. But despite the war, forestry is trying to continue fulfilling its obligations to the national economy and society. Therefore, state, public and international support, implementation of effective management of forest resources are an extremely important tasks in modern conditions.

Forest Management in Ukraine Under War Conditions

Attention is drawn to scientifically based theoretical and practical approaches to the implementation of the concept of sustainable forest management and, accordingly, to ensuring the principles of sustainable forestry aimed at the adequate protection, use, and regeneration of forest resources in Ukraine during Russia's war against Ukraine. The main socio-economic and ecological aspects that influence the implementation of the concept of sustainable forest management at the national and regional level in the current conditions of Russia's military aggression against Ukraine are considered. The changes in the forest sector in the conditions of war are reflected, which must be considered from the point of view of understanding the principles of sustainable development, sustainable forestry, and the concept of sustainable forest management. It is proposed to develop and implement a theoretical, methodological, and practical approach to the implementation of the concept of sustainable forest management in Ukraine which would take into account the regional differences regarding the organisation and development of forestry in Ukraine.

UNFU Sustainable Management in the Conditions of Post-Pandemic and War Times in Ukraine

Ukrainian National Forestry University (UNFU) is the leader of UI GreenMetric World University Rankings in Ukraine during 2018-2021. The key success factor is sustainable education and research. The paper discusses UNFU projects and programs which are an important part of the related to sustainability activities at the regional and state level. As a result of leadership, UNFU became a participant in the V4 Green Universities project (2020-2021), financed by the Visegrad Fund. This paper presents the main aspects of cooperation between UNFU and European universities. In particular, with the University for Sustainable Development Eberswalde (Germany), the “Green Project Development and Management” training course was developed and introduced into educational programs, which allows students to search for relevant funding programs, remotely develop and manage green projects. Measures to preserve the traditions of sustainable education and research by our University in the conditions of military aggression of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine are highlighted, for the implementation of which the experience of distance and mixed education gained during the pandemic remains extremely relevant. In addition, taking into account the profile of our University, we present the results of scientific cooperation of UNFU with authorities and forestry and woodworking industry: provision of ecological wooden housing for internally displaced persons; study of the impact of military operations on the state and prospects of the development of forestry in Ukraine; determination of priorities for the development of the forest sector of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law.

THE ECONOMIC COMPONENT OF FOREST INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT UNDER CONDITIONS OF MILITARY CONFLICT

An analysis of the financial and economic activities of forestry for 2021–2022 was carried out and the impact of the full-scale armed aggression of the Russian Federation on their key indicators was determined. The current state of the forestry industry of Ukraine was assessed. The main factors that exert a system-forming influence on the economic development of forestry in Ukraine are considered. Attention is paid to the issue of the export potential of Ukrainian forestry in the current conditions. The key problems of forestry, which are related to the export of wood to the countries of the European Union, have been identified, in particular, those which related to wood certification. Also, the negative modern factors in the forestry of Ukraine are defined and characterized, in particular the factor of illegal felling, the key enterprises where similar facts are recorded are highlighted. Particular attention is paid to the environmental damage caused to the forest industry as a result of the ongoing active phase of hostilities. The ways and proposals for overcoming the modern economic problems of the forest sector are outlined, in particular, for the formation of a complex ecological and economic mechanism for the post-war rehabilitation of forestry lands, which were damaged as a result of hostilities. Attention is paid to the role of the public in ensuring proper control over the activities of forest administrations and ensuring the transparency of forestry activities as a whole

Terminological basis and perspectives of the use of non-timber products of the forests of Ukraine

In the forests of Ukraine, forestry should be carried out on the principles of continuous and rational use of forests through integrated usage of their resources. Thus, there is a need to distinguish and correctly understand the forestry terms. To harmonize terminology, relevant regulations, as well as Ukrainian and foreign literature, were examined. General scientific theoretical methods – analysis and synthesis – were applied to work with information sources. The paper substantiats the employment and understanding of terminology related to the usage of forest resources. The definition and interpretation of the terms “secondary forest use”, “non-tree forest resources”, “non-timber forest resources” in current legislative and regulatory acts, the explanatory dictionary of the Ukrainian language, the state standard of Ukraine, the Ukrainian encyclopedia of forestry, Ukrainian and foreign forestry literature were summarized. The authors proposes to divide forest resources into woody, non-tree, and non-timber ones, followed by coordination of such classification among forestry scientists and practitioners. The largest volumes of harvesting among secondary forest materials and secondary forest uses for 2010-2020 were established. The distribution of income received according to types of non-timber products of the forest and in the context of regional departments of forestry and hunting for 2021 was analysed. The paper presents the types of wild fruit, medicinal plants and mushrooms common in Ukraine. Promising species for plantation cultivation were proposed. Areas of obtaining added income from the sale of non-timber products of forests were generalized. The analysis and prospects of using non-timber forest products, which can serve as a theoretical and practical basis for sustainable management of multifunctional forestry in Ukraine, were presented. The obtained results can be used for harvesting non-timber products of forests, considering the regional characteristics of the country

Еколого-економічне забезпечення рекреаційного лісокористування в умовах децентралізації: передумови, цілі та вимоги воєнного часу

It is defined that the factor of the presence of a large number of injured citizens of Ukraine as a result of Russian aggression requires the introduction of additional capacities in the recreational industry to ensure their recovery, in particular by means of psychological rehabilitation. It is revealed that, based on the existing natural and recreational potential of forest biogeocenoses, forestry of Ukraine has significant reserves for the development of recreational infrastructure. It is substantiated that due to the significant impact of recreational activities in forest biogeocenoses on the ecological sustainability of forest ecosystems, it is expedient to develop a system of ecological and economic provision for recreational forest management, taking into account the requirements of wartime and the consequences of deepening decentralization of power and local self-government reform. It is determined that a modern system of ecological and economic provision for recreational forest use should be based on taking into account information and digital, environmental-resource and institutional factors caused by corporatization of the forest sector of the national economy; digital transformation of the system of control over the economic development of forest resources potential; implementation of the basic provisions of international environmental conventions in the domestic practice of forestry. It is proved that an effective system of ecological and economic provision for recreational forest use in wartime conditions can be formed as a result of achieving the main, auxiliary and interim goals of forming a set of recreational and tourism products based on the development of the recreational value of forest biogeocenoses. It is found that in the spectrum of the main goals of ecological and economic provision for recreational forest management, the normalization of the tourist flow is of great importance, taking into account the maximum permissible recreational load on forest biogeocenoses to prevent manifestations of recreational digression. It is substantiated that the development of the infrastructure of recreational forest management and the expansion of the range of recreational services by permanent forest users will make it possible to ensure more efficient commercialization of protected objects that are in the use of forestry entities, thus allowing to increase the level of capitalization of forestry in different natural climatic zones.

Електронний облік деревної продукції лісового господарства в Україні: проблеми та шляхи удосконалення

Illegal logging leads to the destruction of a significant area of forests, which have economic and socio-ecological value, as an integral part of the country's natural capital. One of the ways to reduce illegal logging and control the use of forest resources is properly organized accounting, particularly e-accounting. The article aims to reveal the methods of e-accounting of wood products of forestry in Ukraine to prevent illegal logging, as well as to determine ways to improve it. Investigating the problems of e-accounting of wood products, the authors use abstract thinking, analysis, and synthesis to summarize the essential connections between forestry management issues and accounting methods. Empirical evidence in the study is data from the State Forest Resources Agency of Ukraine and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. An analysis of the proposals of foreign scientists was carried out using the methods of analogy, comparison, systematization and generalization to determine ways to improve the e-accounting of wood products in Ukraine. The dynamics of illegal logging of wood was analyzed. Methods of e-accounting of wood products in Ukraine were disclosed. It was found that currently, e-accounting of wood products cannot be called systematic because it does not cover forest resources of wood origin at the root, by-products, by-products from wood, and all products of non-wood origin. Based on the analysis of the results presented in foreign publications, the key directions of the improvement of the e-accounting system in the forestry of Ukraine were determined: methodological (improvement of methods of collection, analysis and evaluation of accounting/management information); informational (expansion of data sources, in particular through more active use in the accounting of the natural meter); technological (implementation of innovative forest monitoring technologies and integrated decision support systems). It is vital to combine e-accounting of wood products with other components (various types of reporting, forest health monitoring data, cost accounting for the restoration and protection of forest areas, assessment of forest sustainability, etc.) to form an integrated forestry management system, the implementation of which will contribute to solving the problems of climate change.

INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOREST INDUSTRY OF UKRAINE

In modern business conditions, the effective development of any enterprise, industry, region, country is practically unreal without the introduction and use of innovations that determine the overall level of competitiveness of the business entity on the domestic and foreign markets. Attracting innovations can contribute to increasing the efficiency of the use of fixed and working capital, labor productivity, reducing the cost of production and other indicators, which contributes to reducing the cost of production, saving resources and achieving the target level of profit. Today, one of the main global directions of the innovative technological process is the development of forestry, the purpose of which is to improve and intensify activities through the use of the latest technologies. Therefore, the search for innovations that can increase the efficiency of forestry management is becoming more and more urgent. Forests are extremely important for the economic potential of Ukraine. They serve as raw materials for the activity and development of many branches of the economy, create favorable conditions for people’s lives. Nevertheless, they are in a satisfactory state because there are many factors that stand in the way of their development. Therefore, research on the use of innovative technologies as a key to improving the efficiency of forestry activities requires in-depth research. The article comprehensively researches the implementation of innovative development of forestry in Ukraine, which is based on the concepts of sustainable development and forest management, using the best experience of European countries and traditions formed in Ukraine. The implementation of a number of innovative measures turned out to be a prerequisite for the successful development of national forestry. These measures are designed to eliminate contradictions between forestry and forestry, to develop an integrated process in the field of harvesting, conservation and use of forest resources based on lease relationships and common interests in organizations of sustainable forest use.The purpose of this article is to determine the main types of innovative technologies and their areas of application in the country’s forestry.

Strategy for competitive development of forestry of Ukraine

The purpose of the article is to justify the strategy of competitive development of forestry in Ukraine and to develop measures for its implementation. The methodological basis of the research is the implementation of a system analysis, based on the results of which the strategy of competitive development of forestry is substantiated, and the conducted scientific generalizations determined the formulation of the main measures for the implementation of the specified strategy. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the systematization and generalization of the main directions of the proposed strategy for the competitive development of the forest industry, which will increase the efficiency of the functioning of the entities of the forestry industry in Ukraine. The presented strategy is based on the need to create a legal, investment and innovative environment for the effective development of forestry with the simultaneous capitalization of assets of state forestry enterprises. Conclusions. The formation of the legal environment requires the development and adoption of normative and legislative acts aimed at creating favorable tax, customs, credit and institutional conditions for the competitive functioning of the industry. The creation of a competitive investment environment involves a system of measures related to the need to attract additional financial resources, in particular: implementation of the mechanism of state guarantees, direct long-term contracts between forestry enterprises and foreign investors regarding the sale of raw wood to the latter; joint agreements with local self-government bodies and subjects of agro-industrial production; formation of non-statutory formations in the form of clusters and industrial parks. The formation of an innovative competitive environment involves a system of measures aimed at implementing various organizational, production and financial innovations in it, in particular: diversification of production; introduction of the marketing management system; formation of own primary and advanced processing of wood by purchasing the necessary modern equipment and energy-saving technological lines. Keywords: forestry, competitiveness, innovative provision, investment environment, innovative development.

Peculiarities of the woodworking industry development in Ukraine and its regions

The article reveals the woodworking industry as a component of the wood processing complex and a perspective export-oriented sector of the Ukrainian economy. The purpose of the research is to identify the main trends and results of the development of the woodworking industry in the Ukraine regions in the pre-war period, to identify problems and to substantiate possible ways of solving them in the post-war period. The role and importance of the woodworking industry in the formation of the country's GDP was studied. The prerequisites for the formation and formation of the woodworking industry in Ukraine are characterized, namely, the level of forest cover in the country is analyzed, which directly affects the provision of raw materials for enterprises in the industry. Regional differences in natural conditions are determined, which is the reason for significant interregional differentiation of the development of the woodworking sector. The amount of produced forest products in the regions of Ukraine in the pre-war period was analyzed. It has been proven that the lack of raw materials remains a problem for the woodworking industry. It has been established that the forestry of Ukraine is characterized by a relatively low level of forest cover in the country, significant regional differentiation of forests, and a high proportion of ecologically significant forests; individual forests are provided for permanent use by enterprises; a significant area of forests grows in the zone of radioactive contamination; half of Ukraine's forests are artificially created and require increased care. It has been found that there is a dynamic and constantly growing demand for woodworking products. This attracts capital to the industry, increasing competition, which was quite high in the market for wood and wood products in Ukraine before the war. The woodworking industry market of Ukraine meets the conditions of effective competition, where small enterprises prevail. It was established that about 40% of the products of the woodworking industry are sold abroad. The most promising areas of industry are the manufacture of wood products, its processing and furniture production. Sawmill and planing production are the most export-oriented. At the same time, it was found that Ukraine will continue to be an exporter of mainly raw materials and products with a low share of added value. This reduces the efficiency of export activities and additionally creates pressure on the development of enterprises with a complex production cycle, increasing the shortage of wood raw materials. The article describes the current state and problems of the development of the woodworking industry during the war. The main directions of restoration of the woodworking sector of Ukraine in the post-war period are outlined.

Natural afforestation of the fallows in the Western Polissya

One of the main tasks of forestry in Ukraine is to increase forest cover – it can be partially solved by the development of low-productive agricultural land, in particular, fallows, on which self-sown forest is already growing or just appearing, since the expanded reproduction of forests is relevant for Ukraine, considering ecological and forestry transformations of fallows conditioned by their natural afforestation. The main goal was to evaluate the success of natural renewal on fallows in the region under study, to identify factors influencing the course of natural afforestation and tree conservation depending on the location of the plot relative to the forest border and the distance to it. General scientific, forestry and taxation, reconnaissance, forestry and ecological, and geobotanics methods were used to investigate natural renewal at fallows. Office study of materials was carried out using mathematical statistics. As a result of a detailed investigation of the natural settlement of forest tree species on abandoned fields of Western Polissya, it was found that in coniferous and subor conditions, the plots are mostly wooded with pine, as well as birch and alder. In most of the test plots, the renewal was satisfactory (according to the Nesterov scale). The number of self-seeding of tree species in the test plots was not uniform and ranged from 1.2-13.1 thous. units/ha depending on forest site types, species composition, undergrowth size, the abundance of living ground cover, and the degree of sodding of the site and clogging with weeds and grass, which ranged from 20 to 90%. The occurrence of natural renewal is also not uniform: from 19 to 100%. The spread of tree species occurred mainly from forest stands located to the west, northwest, and north of the fallows. The findings of the study are extremely important for employees of the forest industry, and can also be used by territorial communities in improving land management, establishing landscape parks, etc.

Methodology for the Assessment of Forestry Competitiveness in Ukraine

Considering the economic, social and environmental potential of the forestry sector of Ukraine, and the rather low level of its efficiency, an important task is to create conditions for the competitive development of the forestry industry. A precondition for such development is an objective assessment of the regional competitiveness of forestry complexes, which requires the elaboration of appropriate methodological and methodological approaches. The regional approach to competitiveness assessment ensures that the specific features of all natural zones on the territory of Ukraine, characterised by different soil and climatic conditions and unequal forest cover, are taken into account. The purpose of this study is to substantiate and test methodological and methodological approaches to assessing the competitiveness of forestry in Ukraine. The methodological basis of the research was the methods of analysis and synthesis, system generalisation and dialectical method. Methodological and methodical approaches to the assessment of the competitiveness of forestry in Ukraine are substantiated. The main challenges of forestry enterprises that form the potential of the industry are identified. The factors that form the level of competitiveness of forestry are highlighted. Positive and negative trends in the competitive development of regional forestry complexes are identified. Based on the assessment of the competitiveness of forestry complexes, their classification in the major natural zones of Ukraine was completed. The conducted research will serve as a basis for assessing the efficiency of individual forestry enterprises in the context of strengthening their competitiveness. The main advantages (disadvantages) of competitive development of business entities can become an objective prerequisite for making appropriate management decisions.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES IN THE FOREST INDUSTRY

This article determines that forests are an important strategic natural resource of Ukraine. It is generalized that forestry in almost all forest lands of Ukraine is conducted by specialized state and municipal forest enterprises subordinated to the state. In general, it is positive to understand that the environmental management system at the enterprise of the timber industry through the development and implementation of procedures and approaches to minimize the negative impact on the environment, will improve the overall performance of the enterprise. It is determined that the economic activity of forestry in Ukraine consists of the activities of individual forestry enterprises and is aimed at forestry in accordance with existing legal requirements, in the process of which enterprises receive and sell forest products.

Issues of land management and forest management in the field of state forestry in Ukraine: the current state of regulations and directions of their development

Studies of materials and indicators on accounting and coverage of information on land management and forest management of state forestry in Ukraine. Certain inconsistencies of the current normative legal acts and indicators of the state and dynamics of the accounting category of land use «Forestry lands» were revealed. In particular, regarding the assessment of rational use and protection of lands, which are the basis for the implementation of the Land Reform. There are, in particular, in the form 6 — ZEM and in the materials of the state account, not modernized terms and their description. The category of accounting «Forestry lands» in the Land and Forest Codes of Ukraine, in the scientific and practical lexicon did not receive due attention and distribution as an object of labor, an object of identified land use in state forestry. Do not match the description in the Forest and Land Codes of Ukraine. The issue of organizational and economic accounting of land of the accounting category «Forestry lands» remains poorly regulated. The annual report still retains the description — «Forest lands include lands covered with forest vegetation, as well as not covered with forest vegetation and others» for forestry purposes». The category of accounting «Forestry lands» in the Land and Forest Codes of Ukraine, in the scientific and practical lexicon did not receive due attention and distribution as an object of labor, an object of identified land use in state forestry. Do not match the description in the Forest and Land Codes of Ukraine. The category of accounting for «Forestry lands» is placed in Article 19 of the Land Code of Ukraine under item «e», i.e. in 7th place, which does not comply with current principles of European legislation, not to mention the physical aspects of forest distribution in Ukraine. Again, the practice in Ukraine faces deadlines. It turns out that forestry science is increasingly moving away from the identified responsibilities and reporting of public forestry entities. The industry is less and less monitoring the state of forests according to estimates of the use of productive capacity of land by types of forest vegetation conditions. It turns out that forestry science is increasingly moving away from the identified responsibilities and reporting of public forestry entities. The industry is less and less monitoring the state of forests according to estimates of the use of productive capacity of land by types of forest vegetation conditions. In addition, the management in the state forestry in its powers only «ensures the implementation of state policy in the field of forestry and hunting», does not form it. That is, it does not develop relevant regulations, which is a certain flaw in the current forest legislation and needs to be changed. Specific measures are proposed to improve the legislation, accounting and state reporting in forestry, as well as the basic scheme of division of forest lands by accounting categories of division and administrative reporting of forestry and other enterprises of the State Forestry Agency of Ukraine.

TREND MODELS OF FOREST INDUSTRY INDICATORS

The article analyzes the main indicators of the forest industry of Ukraine and Khmelnytsky region. The state of timber harvesting by types of products is shown, it is noted that since 2017 there is no financing of the forest industry by the state, so forestries have to manage independently from their own sources. The paper considers the problem of modeling the indicators of the forest industry of the regions with the help of economic and mathematical methods and models. Trend models have been chosen as a research tool, with the help of which the equations of power, logistic, exponential dependences and polynomials of the second and third degrees are obtained. The constructed models are evaluated according to the criteria of determination and the forecast values for the following periods are determined. The results of calculations can be used in management decision-making systems as a source of data for further calculations. The obtained forecasts of forest industry indicators showed the importance of investing in the forest industry. Preservation, rational use and increase of resources of the forest treasury - so it is possible to define the main tasks facing the forestry of Ukraine. The issue of reforestation, creation of forest plantations in the volumes exceeding fellings, improvement of their qualitative structure and productivity remains paramount in the importance and urgency. Given the current situation in the country's forestry and in order to solve the problem of ecologically balanced forest management as a factor of sustainable socio-economic development, it is necessary to apply a comprehensive approach based on the use of economic and mathematical methods and models. This allows you to take into account technical, economic, environmental, organizational, social and other aspects of management, as well as see their relationship. One of the means of balanced management is modeling and forecasting trends in the main indicators of the forest industry both at the regional level and in the country as a whole.

Formation and improvement f organizational and economic bases of forestry production in state forestry in Ukraine and Podillia region

Some issues on the historical formation of Podillia region of modern Ukraine and the formation of forestry in it are covered. It practically begins and acquires social meaning in the second half of the twentieth century. This means the use of land provided to economic entities (forestries) for growing wood as their main forestry product. The same applies to the cultivation and sale of natural resources related to forestry, secondary forest materials, services of various contents, etc. It is highlighted that the Forest Code of Ukraine has cunningly replaced the object of labor and use of the natural resource «Earth» with forest resources. The issues are somewhat complicated by the use of tax indicators and forms of their analysis and publication without their adaptation to the UN-ECE / FAO Standard Statistical Classification of Land Use and without the necessary grouping by forest and environmental components. The Government of Ukraine approves the Resolution «On Approval of the Procedure for Division of Forests into Categories and Allocation of Specially Protected Forest Areas», which does not bring national forest legislation closer to it. In this way, the further growth of non-timber forest lands at least 3 times or more in comparison with the leading European countries was legitimized. The necessity of improving the content of the current Forest Code of Ukraine, as well as finalization and updating of the Instruction on forest management in the state forestry of Ukraine is proved. The availability of statistical and reporting information on the state of forests of the State Forest Agency of Ukraine for state-owned enterprises of the past allows to update the relevant reporting indicators while adapting them to the norms of European forestry. The proposed measures are aimed at improving forest legislation, as well as the formation of measures in the practical activities of forest management and the work of managers using its materials in forestry.

An Institutional Analysis and Reconfiguration Framework for Sustainability Research on Post-Transition Forestry—A Focus on Ukraine

In this paper, we elaborate an Institutional Analysis and Reconfiguration Framework centered around the ‘action arena’ theoretical approach. We develop this framework to analyze institutional reconfiguration to enhance sustainability, and operationalize it using research methods which focus on documentation of the institutional contexts through an extensive literature review and interviews of experts in forest policy. We apply the Institutional Analysis and Reconfiguration Framework to examine forestry institutions, address forest governance, and investigate their effect on socio-economic and environmental performances in forestry of Ukraine. The paper draws on the state of affairs in post-transition forestry, its difficulties, and new prospects for economic and institutional reforms. We examine challenges and opportunities in forestry and suggest key remedies and prospective ways forward. Results show that a combination of path dependency with the rigidity of institutions and a slow pace of economic and political reforms is the major obstacle to implementing decisions regarding sustainable forest policy. A reconfiguration of social practices is required, as well as the development of capabilities and awareness raising amongst relevant stakeholders, to realize the problems, envision alternative futures, challenge existing institutions, shift power relations and create new norms, rules, and decision-making arrangements. The way towards sustainability in forestry largely goes through changing institutions, and a human dimension of institutional changes reflected in the uptake of social innovation.

Current challenges for sustainable forestry management in Ukraine: production, taxation and investments issues

Ukraine's forestry has been experiencing systemic political, economic, social, and environmental problems for many years. This article aims to find new ways to balance production, taxation, and forestry investment to ensure sustainable development. We sought answers to three main questions: Does the modern mechanism of state regulation and forestry financing in Ukraine meet sustainability requirements? What changes will the critical problems of forest ecosystems arise in Ukraine in the long run? What are the prospects for the development of investment in forestry in Ukraine? To answer these questions, we conducted exploratory analyses of taxation and investment in forestry management. Then, we developed a multifactorial forecasting model to predict forest ecosystems' restoration state by 2035. Using the model, we characterized the relationship between ecological and economic factors for reforestation in the border regions of Ukraine. Finally, we analyzed the coefficients of forest capacity, yield and dynamics of afforestation. According to the results, we proposed: 1) to separate the functions of standard-setting and forest inventory from the function of forest land management; 2) to separate the function of economic activity and control over the implementation of forestry development plans; 3) to stimulate public control and increase effective monitoring of anthropogenic load, forest use and rehabilitation; 4) to improve the organizational and institutional management mechanism as a component of forest production which is the key to improving the forestry sustainability.