Foreign Scientific Publications Research Articles

Social entrepreneurship as alternative form of employment in rural areas

For rural labor market, it should be noted the specific nature of the demand and supply of labor, imbalance between them, low level of professional training, lack of high degree of readiness for innovation, and lack of labor resources. In this regard, we can consider an alternative form of social entrepreneurship that increases employment of the rural population. The goal is to show the most important aspects of development of corporate social responsibility as the best option for improving the quality of life of the population in rural areas through access to education, healthcare and cultural leisure opportunities, disseminating the entrepreneurial skills of rural residents, increasing their self-esteem and self-sufficiency. Social entrepreneurs use local resources and create new markets for agricultural products, handicrafts, and tourism services. Methods – statistical and economic, scientific analysis, comparison. The study is based on the analysis of information obtained from domestic and foreign scientific publications, statistical data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan for Strategic Planning and Reforms. Results - the author presents indicators of demographic trends and the impact of the state of labor potential on employment in the country and in rural areas over the past 5 years, including the current state of employment and unemployment in rural areas and expanding the range of social and entrepreneurial activities based on entrepreneurial activity aimed at solving social problems. Social entrepreneurship is distinguished by the following main features: innovation, self-sufficiency and financial sustainability, entrepreneurial approach. Conclusions - the author has given proposals that increase social and economic security, employment opportunities in rural regions, stimulating the investment initiative of business entities.

Межрегиональный научно-образовательный центр исследований наследия В.С. Соловьева (Соловьевский семинар). Хроника деятельности. Часть 2: 2006 – 2011 гг.

The second part of the published chronicle of the Solovyov Seminar scientific activities, the Interregional Scientific and Educational Center for Heritage Research of V.S. Solovyov, provides information on the main scientific, cultural and educational projects implemented in the period from 2006 to 2011 inclusive. A list of events is given, including information about scientific conferences and meetings of the Solovyov seminar and their participants, presentations of domestic and foreign scientific publications. Information about the publications of the center, including issues of the journal “Solovyov Studies”, cultural and educational events, publications in scientific publications and mass media reviews of the activities of the Solovyov seminar is provided.

LUNG CANCER SCREENING WITH LOW-DOSE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Relevance: Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of death among oncological diseases and occupies a leading position in the number of new cases worldwide. Early detection of symptoms, precise diagnosis, and effective treatment are crucial for increasing lung cancer survival rates. Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening programs represent a promising method for early lung cancer detection, which can substantially decrease mortality rates and improve patient survival prospects. The study aimed to review foreign scientific publications on lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography. Methods: The study included the results of foreign randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of lung cancer screening using LDCT, based on articles, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and reviews. Exclusion criteria included publications published before 2013; publications that were not publicly available. The search results yielded 369 articles, of which 39 literary sources were included in this review. The search covered a depth of 10 years (2013-2023). Results: An analysis of foreign studies was performed that confirmed the effectiveness of low-dose computed tomography in the detection of lung cancer. Data from randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews and reviews are presented, confirming the potential of this method to improve early stage lung cancer detection, thus improving survival rates and reducing mortality. Conclusion: LDCT has been shown to be effective in reducing lung cancer mortality, as confirmed by the results of numerous studies. However, the strategy to implement the lung cancer screening program should be specific to each country in which it will be implemented, taking into account the specifics of the health system. To achieve optimal results, it is necessary to continue research related to the implementation of this screening method, including an analysis of its economic feasibility, as well as an assessment of long-term results and potential undesirable effects.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ВЫЗОВЫ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ СТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫ

The impact of digitalization and digital transformation of the construction sector on the country's economy can hardly be overestimated, as it stimulates economic growth, improves production efficiency, increases labor productivity and reduces costs, and enables market players to form a competitive advantage. In 2024, the Russian construction sector is transitioning to the mandatory use of information modeling technologies, which indicates the progressive integration of digital technologies in construction. The purpose of this article is to identify the challenges and trends of digital transformation of the construction industry in 2024, formed by the conditions of the current turbulent economic situation in Russia. The article analyzes domestic and foreign scientific publications in the field of digitalization of construction, as well as current statistical and analytical data.

Анализ современных тенденций в подготовке специалистов в сфере научно-методического обеспечения в спорте за рубежом

Development of high performance sport today is directly related to a highly developed system of scientific and methodological support and an active search for new approaches in the system of training athletes. This article analyzes foreign scientific publications published in the period from 2019 to 2023, which consider the main trends in the development of sports science abroad, including the requirements for specialists involved in the system of sport scientific support. The article deals with current trends in the development of sports science abroad one of which is a multi-vector nature of modern sports science, which in term determines the increasing importance of an interdisciplinary education of specialists able to implement various programs of scientific support for highly qualified athletes. Separately, analysis reveals the need for more active involvement of stakeholders acting as the customer of scientific research in sports as well as importance of publishing the results of scientific research in open access for the possibility of their use by a wider range of stakeholders, which is designed to ensure greater practice-oriented scientific research. In general, the analysis of scientific publications published by foreign authors in scientific peer-reviewed journals from 2019 to 2023 showed how important a role is assigned to the need for further development of sports science and improving the effectiveness of scientific research in the context of training highly qualified athletes. The data obtained make it possible to identify the features and directions of the development of sports science abroad, as well as to form new requirements for specialists in the system of sport scientific support, which may be of practical importance in the context of further development of Russian national sport science.

Transformations of the Russian Labor Market: First and Second Waves

The research significance is determined because over the past three years the Russian labor market has gone through two waves of transformations. The COVID-19 epidemic caused the first wave of transformations, which continued until the end of 2021. The second one, caused by introducing sanctions against Russia, began in February 2022 and continued to this day. The subject of the study is the functioning parameters of the Russian labor market and the major new trends in its development. The paper aims to identify problem areas in the labor market and analyze measures for its development. It also examines the reform of the public employment service and improvement of labor legislation. Information sources: Russian and foreign scientific publications, specialized studies, as well as official open data from the state bodies. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the multidimensional approach to the analysis of the Russian labor market transformation in two waves, trends and for its outlooks growth.

STEP analysis of macro-environmental factors affecting medical and drug care for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia

Objective: to conduct a STEP analysis (social, technological, economic, political) of macro-environmental factors influencing medical and drug care for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).Material and methods. The materials used were information from the official website of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation (RF), financial reports of the Ministry of Finance of the RF, the Ministry of Industry of the RF, the Federal Customs Service of the RF, the Federal Treasury, the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion, data from the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Health of the RF, regulatory framework of the RF, data from the State Register of Medicines of the RF and information from domestic and foreign scientific publications. The object of the study was the Department of Hematology and Chemotherapy of the Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 (Tyumen). Structural, statistical, analytical, situational-logical, mathematical, graphic methods, as well as content analysis, STEP analysis and ranking were used.Results. Providing medical and drug care to CML patients today is a vital and pressing problem in Russia and around the world. The effectiveness of pharmacotherapy directly depends on certain environmental factors, and each of them influences the functioning of a medical organization (MO) to varying degrees. Analysis of social factors made it possible to trace the dynamics and make a forecast regarding the capabilities of patients and MOs as well as the demand for drug therapy. Economic factors are based on the level of monetary income of the population and the expenditures of the RF budget on healthcare. The role of Russian export and import volumes is shown, first and foremost, the influence of these indicators on domestic prices, demand and on the macro-economic balance in general. Сreditor indebtedness changes the MO financial position and reflects the efficiency of using the monetary resources. Analysis of technological factors allowed assessing the equipment of the MO with medical facilities and drugs. The influence of such factors as the registration of new drugs for the treatment of CML patients and the digitalization program in health care was studied. Based on the analysis of political factors, the state’s interest in the development of domestic medicine and pharmacy was determined.Conclusion. The STEP analysis of external factors influencing medical and drug care for CML patients allowed identifying the most significant ones for optimizing pharmacotherapy in this category of patients, which is relevant for medical practice and the pharmaceutical industry.

Epidemiological Aspects and Basic Directions of the Protective Medications against Monkeypox Development

Relevance. After smallpox eradication, in conditions of population immunity to orthopoxviruses absence, Monkeypox virus became most significant orthopoxvirus, pathogenic for humans. Therefore the generalization of data on the areas of infection outbreaks, human diseases and methods of prevention and treatment of monkey pox is important task. Aim. To characterize the problem of monkeypox in the world based on an analysis of foreign scientific publications over the past 20 years. Materials and methods. The work used publications presented in the main international medical information databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, etc. To analyze the publications, the analytical epidemiological method was used. Results and discussion. Monkeypox virus, obtained and identified in 1958, by genetic and phenotypic differences divides on two clades: West-African with lethality 3.6% and Central-African (Congo Basin) with lethality 10%. Monkeypox virus transmission to men happens in two ways, either from animal-to-human or human-to-human. Monkey pox is endemic only on African continent, but In 2003 year the first outbreak, numbering 47 confirmed cases, was occurred in non-endemic country – USA and the largest monkeypox outbreak began in Nigeria in September 2017 year and continue to the present. Comparison of the genome sequences of strains, isolated from patients in non-endemic countries, showed, that it genetically close to West-african strains, belong to II clades and were descended from a common ancestor. Many cases of disease in humans in the current outbreak have been traced to sexual transmission especially among men, who identify ourselves as gay or bisexual. The basis method for identification of agent in present time is PCR-RT targeting on the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor gene. Usually monkeypox of human is mild, self-limiting disease. The symptoms of monkeypox are varied and non-specific. One of the most frequently observed clinical symptoms is lymphadenopathy. Most patients recover during some weeks. However, specific antiviral treatment – tecovirimat (S-246) and brincidofovir (CMX-001) – may be used for seriously ill or immunocompromised individuals. For prophylactic disease in present time are use vaccines JYNNEOSTM, ACAM2000R and Aventis Pasteur (APSV). Conclusion. General vaccination against monkeypox don't develop accordingly to modern recommendations WHO. Ring vaccination is recommended to conduct for suppression of spread virus in nidus of infection among population. Timely international coordination is needed to prevent the global spread of a disease with epidemic potential.

Current views on treatment of halitosis: foreign practice

Traditional halitosis treatment involves reducing microbial contamination through chemical and/or mechanical action; however, these methods are ineffective in the long-term.
 According to recent systematic reviews, there is no scientific evidence of the effectiveness of halitosis treatments, and even when reports indicate a positive effect, it is temporary. To increase the number of studies being compared, analysis of the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) should be performed considering already published data. Therefore, a review of recent RCTs is required for conducting and planning further scientific research on halitosis treatment.
 Purpose of the investigation — to study the effectiveness of oral halitosis treatment based on materials from foreign publications from 2019 to 2023.
 This article provides a descriptive review of foreign scientific publications on modern methods of treating oral halitosis. A search for full-text articles was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed and Google Scholar for 2019–2023. The most relevant articles that met the selection criteria were selected and included in this review: 31 publications on oral halitosis treatment: 3 Cochrane reviews of RCTs; 14 literature reviews, including meta-analyses; 12 RCTs and clinical studies; and 2 experimental studies.
 In foreign studies, the use of probiotics and photodynamic therapy and their combination with standard treatment methods are most widely presented; RCTs have established their effectiveness, especially when used together with traditional methods of mechanical tongue cleaning. To prevent halitosis, it appears relevant to use materials with antibacterial properties in prosthetics, particularly the modification of polymethyl methacrylate with silver and graphene nanoparticles.
 However, against the backdrop of positive results obtained in individual reviews, the conclusions of systematic reviews are contradictory. There is no evidence of the long-term effectiveness of the proposed treatment methods, and there is a weak evidence base for studies, which makes it challenging to use them in the practical work of dentists. In this regard, new RCTs with a longer observation period and considering published data are required.

STUDY OF DIETARY REMODELING OF THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA BY GRAPE POLYPHENOLS AT THE LEVEL OF TRIMETHYLAMINE N-OXIDE (TMAO) IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME WITH ELEVATION OF THE SEGMENT ST

The main cause of mortality and disability in the adult population of our planet is cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis. The relevance of research into new methods of treating atherosclerosis is only increasing. In addition to dyslipedemia, infections and inflammation, new predictors of atherogenesis are being sought, and one of them is the level of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). Many large studies have shown that circulating TMAO levels correlate with the development of atherosclerosis. In turn, the formation of TMAO depends on the state of the intestinal microbiome. That is, the stages of development of atherosclerosis can be influenced by changes in the intestinal microbiome. Purpose: Based on domestic and foreign scientific publications, to determine the effect of dietary remodeling of the gut microbiota by grape polyphenols on trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels in patients with STsegment elevation acute coronary syndrome. Results and conclusions: It was revealed that in patients with STEMI, the use of the prebiotic Kainar with grape polyphenols changes the concentration of TMAO in the blood. It was confirmed that there were statistically significant differences in TMAO values in the control group and the group taking Kaynar after 3 months and after 12 months.

Modern Ways of Educating Parents of Children with Adhd

The relevance of the study is substantiated by the lack of modern programs of psychological and pedagogical education of parents of children with ADHD, taking into account the psychological characteristics and expectations of modern parents, against the backdrop of a growing number of children with these developmental characteristics who experience significant difficulties in the educational process. The main goal set by the authors is to identify effective modern methods of psychological education of parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, applicable in the context of inclusive education. Methodology. In the course of the study, an analysis of current domestic and foreign scientific publications and scientific and methodological sources was carried out, the method of expert assessments was applied (a survey of specialists of the psychological and pedagogical support service of inclusive schools of the Novosibirsk region and employees of the Regional Center for Diagnostics and Counseling) and a method of studying pedagogical experience (an analysis of programs that are laureates of the “All-Russian competition of the best Psychological and pedagogical programs and technologies in the educational environment” 2021 and 2022 using the methodology of the evidence-based approach). Results. Theoretical analysis and a survey of experts confirmed the relevance of the problem of psychological and pedagogical education of parents, without whose active and competent participation in the organization of educational activities of children with attention deficit and hyperactivity, the efforts of specialists in psychological support of this specific group of children do not give the necessary effect. In addition, difficulties in organizing work with parents are identified and described, and it is shown that specialists face problems when choosing effective methods of education that take into account such features of modern parents as lack of time, orientation to digital sources of information, the need for active dialog interaction with specialists and visual provision of necessary information. It is confirmed that specialists of inclusive educational organizations need additional knowledge about the psychological characteristics of children with ADHD and their parents and in program and methodological materials with proven effectiveness. The results of the analysis of the programs-winners of the All-Russian competition led to conclusions about a clear shortage of program and methodological materials on psychological education of parents of children with ADHD, taking into account, among other things, the psychophysiological characteristics of parents of this group of children. It is shown that so far not all the award-winning programs provided in the register of the best psychological and pedagogical programs of the Federation of Educational Psychologists of the Russian Federation fully meet the criteria of practice with empirically proven effectiveness (evidence-based approach).

IIOT ПЕРЕДАЧА ДАННЫХ С БПЛА В ПРОМЫШЛЕННУЮ СРЕДУ АГРОКОМПЛЕКСОВ В РЕЖИМЕ РЕАЛЬНОГО ВРЕМЕНИ

Agricultural complexes, including agriculture, are a good environment for the introduction of modern technologies and methods of using unmanned aerial vehicles to solve various tasks. Currently, in distributed control systems in various agricultural complexes using unmanned aerial vehicles, the classical hardware and software architecture for building such systems has been established. However, this approach has a number of significant drawbacks. (Research purpose) The research purpose is selecting the IIoT of the wireless real-time communication protocol of unmanned aerial vehicles for irrigation of agricultural complexes with a ground-based industrial system and developing concepts of a hardware and software complex using modern technologies and practices of the industrial Internet of things. (Materials and methods) Used open sources of international communities in the field of automation and the industrial Internet of Things, as well as domestic and foreign scientific publications on these topics, as source data and materials for the analysis and design of the proposed hardware architecture of the IIoT platform. The method of decomposition according to automation levels was applied; the method of decomposition according to the functionality performed by individual hardware and software components of the system; the method of summarizing information from modern sources on the subject of research; formalization of the hardware and software structure in the form of schematic diagrams. (Results and discussions) Proposed the concept of information data transmission based on the IIoT protocol of DDS-real-time data transmission. (Conclusions) It has been shown that classical architectural approaches to data transmission in the conditions of wireless systems and agro-unmanned aircraft have proven themselves well, however, the need to introduce new architectural and software methods and protocols for data transmission in real time leads to the need to study promising ways to implement this functionality. We analyzed the existing global trends in the field under consideration and proposed an up-to-date and up-to-date concept of IIoT architecture of distributed data transmission systems within the framework of a distributed management and monitoring system for agricultural complexes based on unmanned aircraft.

ТЕХНИКО-ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЛАЗЕРНОЙ ПРОПОЛКИ РАСТЕНИЙ

The creation of technologies and autonomous robots for laser weeding of agricultural crops is a promising and relevant direction in the fight against weeds, which will allow for high-precision and targeted processing of crops without the use of herbicides. (Research Purpose) The research purpose is analyzing technologies and technical means for laser weeding of plants. (Materials and methods) Using the aspect approach, the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific publications on the use of laser technologies in agricultural practice was carried out. (Results and discussion) It has been established that laser weeding technology includes several key components: mobile robotic devices, computer vision systems for plant recognition, navigation systems for precise positioning of robotic platforms in field conditions and laser systems for high-precision weed eradication. Artificial intelligence and deep learning methods are preferred for plant recognition. CO2 lasers, fiber and diode lasers are mainly used as laser energy sources. The most effective solution for laser weeding is a ground-based mobile robotic platform with a block-modular design, which is equipped with integrated laser systems for processing plants, weed recognition systems, as well as various navigation systems. (Conclusions) It is determined that carbon dioxide lasers with wavelengths of 9.3, 10.2 and 10.6 micrometers and power up to 100 watts are used for laser weeding. Diode lasers operate in the wavelength range of 450-900 nanometers with pulses lasting up to tenths of a second and a power of 5-25 watts, forming a contact spot measuring 0.5-2.5 millimeters. It has been established that fiber lasers with high peak power of short pulses and compact dimensions with a wavelength in the visible and near infrared ranges of 0.75-1.4 micrometers are promising for laser weeding. To treat weeds, carbon dioxide lasers require the least amount of energy - up to 125 Joules per weed at a wavelength of 10,600 nanometers. When using wavelengths of 1908, 940 and 532 nanometers (fiber, diode and solid-state lasers), 230, 237 and 1400 Joules are spent per weed. It is also determined that the height of treatment of weeds with a laser beam is 0.3-0.6 meters.

ПРОТОКОЛ DDS КАК ЕДИНАЯ СРЕДА ПЕРЕДАЧИ ДАННЫХ В РЕЖИМЕ РЕАЛЬНОГО ВРЕМЕНИ

For the effective development of agricultural complexes, the introduction of a variety of advanced technologies, including unmanned aerial vehicles, is especially important. In the distributed control systems used in various agricultural complexes and logging industries using unmanned aerial vehicles, the classical hardware and software architecture for creating such systems has been established. However, this approach has a number of significant drawbacks, in particular, the presence of a large number of different data bus standards at different levels of the platform architecture, which quite often significantly complicates the integration of individual parts of the system. The lack of a single standard within the software protocol for real-time data transmission leads to data fragmentation at all levels of the system as a whole. (Research Purpose) The research purpose is developing the concept of a hardware and software architecture for transmitting information data based on the Data Distribution Service protocol in real time as part of monitoring, managing and distributing tasks between unmanned aerial vehicles, as well as at all levels of a distributed agroforestry system using modern technologies and practices of the industrial Internet of Things. (Materials and methods) Used open sources of international communities in the field of automation and the industrial Internet of Things, as well as domestic and foreign scientific publications on this subject. The method of decomposition by automation levels was applied; the method of decomposition by functionality performed by individual hardware and software components of the system; the method of summarizing information from modern sources on the subject of research; formalization of hardware and software structures in the form of schematic diagrams. (Results and discussion) We have developed a concept for transmitting information data based on the Industrial Internet of Things Data Distribution Service protocol to ensure real-time data transmission. The proposed system makes it possible to implement unified information flows for monitoring and controlling unmanned aerial vehicles at all levels of a distributed agroforestry system. This helps simplify the integration of unmanned aerial systems into agroforestry systems of various orientation and complexity, eliminating difficulties in the interaction of various system components at all levels, including cloud solutions and other Industrial Internet of Things platforms. (Conclusions) As a result of the study, the problems of integrating the information flows of the agroforestry system and data transmission at its various levels were identified. It is proposed to use the Data Distribution Service data transfer protocol as a single standard at all levels of the system, which in the future will ensure compatibility and ease of integration of unmanned aerial vehicles of various manufacturers within a single system.

Интраоперационный гемостаз при преждевременном отделении нормально расположенной плаценты — право выбора

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of various variants of hemostatic sutures in the fight against obstetric bleeding caused by premature rupture of placenta and prevention of massive blood loss. Design. Analytical review and cohort retrospective study. Materials and methods. The analysis of the effectiveness of intraoperative hemostasis methods was carried out on the basis of data from 24 domestic and foreign scientific publications devoted to the problem of PPRP over the past 10 years (2014–2024). The information obtained was compared with the results of using a local algorithm for intraoperative hemostasis in 182 women with bleeding that occurred in the Clinical Maternity Hospital No. 2 in Volgograd in 2010–2023. The main group included 138 (75.8%) patients who underwent uterine devascularization on both sides at two levels. The comparison group consisted of 44 women who used B-Linch compression sutures: in 37 (20.3%) cases, only compression sutures were applied, in 7 (3.9%) a combination of these methods was used. Results. According to the literature, placenta abruption is the most common cause of bleeding that required surgical hemostasis. Uterine devascularization allowed the organ to be preserved in 135 out of 138 patients, while with the use of compression sutures and their combination with devascularization, the uterus was preserved in 37 out of 44 operated maternity hospitals (OR — 8.514; 95% CI: 2.098– 34.544), which confirms the statistically significant effectiveness of devascularization. Conclusion. It is advisable to start intraoperative stop of uterine bleeding caused by placenta abruption with uterine devascularization. This relatively easy-to-perform method of hemostasis in uterine bleeding may be the method of choice in maternity hospitals of the 1st and 2nd groups. Keywords: uterine bleeding, premature separation of a normally located placenta, devascularization of the uterus, compression sutures on the uterus.

Funding of geological exploration during transformation of the Russian economic system

Background. The mineral resource base is a strategic component of Russia’s economic security, being a critically important tool for strengthening the country’s position in the international arena. At the same time, economic shocks and geopolitical tensions negatively affect the investment attractiveness of geological exploration projects, which are highly important for the continuous reproduction of the country’s mineral resource base.Aim. Consideration of funding possibilities for geological exploration activities in Russia.Objectives. 1) To analyze the structure and state of geological exploration funding in Russia over the past five years; 2) to study the prospects and possibilities of attracting investments for different geological exploration stages in Russia; 3) to offer new methods and tools for optimizing the funding of geological exploration activities under the conditions of transformation of the Russian economic system.Materials and methods. The research materials included domestic and foreign scientific publications; reports and publications of the Federation Council Committee on Agriculture and Food Policy and Environmental Management of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of the Russian Federation, the Federal Subsoil Resources Management Agency; the results of the “Geology, Revival of a Legend” initiative; McKinsey and OECD Global Forum on International Investment analytical materials. The materials were analyzed using a set of general and specialized scientific methods. Among them are statistical modeling and forecasting to assess the state and prospects of geological exploration funding in Russia; comparative analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction to study international experience in attracting alternative investments for geological research.Results. Proposals concerning the possibility of attracting additional funding at various stages of geological exploration through the creation of direct investment trust funds are formulated. Attention is also paid to such methods as streaming and acquisition of a fixed interest rate from production in exchange for an advance payment, which can be applied at later stages of exploration.Conclusion. New approaches and best international practices should be used to attract funding for various stages of geological exploration activities in Russia. This will make it possible to attract non-governmental resources, diversify methods of financial support, as well as to increase the investment attractiveness of geological exploration projects.

Review of studies on the effect of non-alcoholic tonic drinks on the health of children and adolescents conducted in the period from 2015 to 2023

The article provides information about energy drinks, the composition and properties of substances that make up energy drinks, their effect on the body. Cases of negative impact on the health of adolescents are described. The analysis of the results of scientific research conducted in Russia and abroad in the period from 2015 to 2023, and presented in domestic and foreign scientific publications, which address a wide range of problems related to the influence of energy tonics on the body: their impact on the health and adaptive potential of young people, the impact of consuming a large number of energy drinks on the parameters electrocardiograms and blood pressure, the effect of energy drinks on the health of medical students, the effect of energy drinks on the concentration of students’ attention, including studies conducted on animals.

Transformation of management of dental organizations in the conditions of transition to a value-based healthcare model

Aim. To develop recommendations for management consulting on practical implementation of the model of value-oriented approach in medical organizations of dental profile.Objectives. To analyze the experience of implementing the elements of the value-oriented approach in the management of dental organizations in foreign medical practice and dental institutions of the Russian health care system; to review foreign and domestic scientific literature in the context of the research topic; to study and apply the data of analytical reports of specialized international organizations.Methods. The authors used general scientific and special scientific methods. The analysis of domestic and foreign scientific publications in the context of the research topic was presented, and also methods of modeling, applied qualitative content analysis of information were applied.Results. The article investigates the models of implementation of the value-based approach in the organizations of the health care system abroad. The dissemination of the elements of this model in domestic dental institutions was analyzed. The conclusions about the main obstacles in the implementation of the principles of value-oriented approach in Russian dentistry are made. Recommendations on forms and methods of management consulting for effective implementation of the value-oriented health care model in the stomatological sphere of medical activity are formulated.Conclusions. According to the evaluations of pilot projects and indicators of scientific calculations, the transition to the system of value-oriented health care is slow, but it is recognized as an inevitable and necessary vector of health care development. Taking into account the socially useful effect of this model, the need for the Russian system of state guarantees of health care in the introduction of a value-oriented approach is extremely high. Further practical, research activities are necessary to develop tools for implementing the principles of value-oriented approach in the dental sphere.

Исследование готовности участников образовательного процесса к применению цифровых технологий в образовании

<p>The article presents an overview of various digital technologies used in the educational process; the problem of their perception and application by teachers and students is investigated. The purpose of the article is to identify the level of readiness of direct participants of the educational process to use digital technologies in their activities. The study was conducted on the basis of analysis and generalization of domestic and foreign scientific publications devoted to the problem of the use of digital technologies by participants of educational institutions. A sociological study was conducted by online questionnaire of students. The research methods are comparison, concretization, system and comparative analysis. The authors have revealed that the teachers' perception of the use of digital educational technologies in their activities depends on various factors, such as: age, gender, availability and degree of development of organizational and communicative abilities of a person, on the degree of motivation, as well as on the level of creativity of the teacher's personality. It is revealed that there are various barriers to the use of TSOT by teachers. Regarding the readiness of students to use TSC, it was found that students are not fully ready to use TSC in teaching, in particular, they are not aware of the essence of the concept of immersive technologies and do not identify them with virtual or augmented reality technologies. A significant part of students uses digital services that are quite similar in functionality. The actual digital technologies used in teaching in the world practice are revealed. The necessity of using digital services in virtual educational environments, including metaverses, is substantiated. In order to increase the ability of teachers to use TSOT, it is necessary that the curricula include courses on the use of TSOT in education in the context of vocational training. It is also proposed to encourage teachers to use technology in the educational process by allocating additional funding. Universities need to create conditions for students to use digital technologies.</p>

Participation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in Enhancing African Police Personnel Peacekeeping Capacity

The peacekeeping became actual agenda of international relations due to increased number of internal conflicts with mass human rights violations in different regions of the world including Africa. The problems of ensuring peace and security have become priority for United Nations (UN) and regional organizations involved in constant search of conflict resolution best practices. Peacekeeping actors admitted the key role of law-enforcement agencies, and first of all the police, in ensuring security in conflict or post-conflict reconstruction. Therefore, the UN actively developing the strategy of police methods usage in peacekeeping operations. Because of this process, the number of member states contributing police contingents to the UN including formed police units increased. Joint activity of police officers from different countries with different education, professional experience and specialization requires high-quality training of candidates for peacekeeping operations. The purpose of this article is to analyze the needs of African police officers in professional development and the capabilities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in training of African police officers for the UN peacekeeping operations. The study is based on insights from non-participant observation, interviews and analyses of the UN official documents, policies and training materials. Actual Russian and foreign scientific publications were used. Results confirmed that Russian Federation has many years of experience in African policemen training for the UN peacekeeping operations. The promising areas of Russian Federation participation in the development of the peacekeeping potential of African police, along with the provision of standardized pre-deployment training based on the UN certified programs, can be training in the crime investigation methodology and the training of special police units of the UN member states.