Foreign Scientific Publications Research Articles

DENTAL CARE FOR TB PATIENTS (ANALYTICAL REVIEW)

According to the results of analytical review of national and foreign scientific publications, it was found that currently mostly and deeply clinical aspects in dental care to TB patients have been studied: various clinical forms of oral and maxillofacial TB are well represented, clinical structure of main non-specific odontogenic diseases in TB patients is described widely. Less frequently medico-social risk factors for dental pathology in TB are presented. Meanwhile the dental management in TB patients has studied the least, which requires providing research studies on this area during the period of increasing MDR-TB prevalence and TB associated with HIV.

IIOT HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE OF DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR CONTINUOUS INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND AGRICULTURAL COMPLEXES

Currently, the classical hardware architecture of their construction has been established in distributed control systems for continuous technological processes and productions in various agricultural complexes and industries. Such an architecture has a number of disadvantages, in particular, the presence of a large number of different data bus standards at different levels of the platform architecture, which often complicates the integration of individual parts of the system. Modern automation systems are developing rapidly, which leads to the need for new system functionality that classical architecture cannot provide. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a concept of hardware architecture of distributed control systems for continuous industrial production and agricultural complexes using modern technologies and practices of the industrial Internet of Things. (Materials and methods) Used open sources of international communities in the field of automation and industrial Internet of Things, domestic and foreign scientific publications. The following methods were applied: decomposition by automation levels; decomposition by functionality performed by individual hardware components of the system; generalization of information from modern sources on the subject of research; formalization of the hardware structure in the form of circuit diagrams. (Results and discussion) We have proposed a basic hardware diagram of the IIoT platform for a distributed control system based on IIoT industrial Internet of Things technologies. We have made the main vector in the development of the architecture based on the use of the Ethernet data bus at all levels of the platform, as well as on the implementation of modern and necessary IIoT functions. (Conclusions) It has been shown that the classical hardware architecture of distributed management systems for agricultural complexes and continuous production has proven itself well, however, the need to introduce new functionality and awareness of the need to use unified data transmission buses at all levels of the enterprise leads to the development and gradual transition to new IIoT architectural models for the design and development of such systems. We analyzed the existing global trends in this area and proposed an up-to-date and modern concept of the hardware architecture of IIoT distributed systems.

Problems of entrepreneurship development in the Arctic: Russian and foreign experience of observing the principles of green economy

In recent years, interest in the Arctic regions has grown. Global corporations, policymakers, and research scientists became interested in the Arctic, as the climate in the Arctic regions changes and as the consequences in the global world directly or indirectly extend to all countries. The desire to understand and manage the new economic opportunities associated with the vast natural resources of the Arctic regions is common among all interested parties. However, the achievement of economic goals depends on many factors. It should be noted that among the factors facilitating economic development, we should consider important the factors of development of local communities and local entrepreneurship, and observation of the principles of green economy. In recent years, Russian and foreign Arctic research scientists have published a significant number of articles on the study of the Arctic regions and the development of entrepreneurship. The purpose of this work is to study entrepreneurship in the Arctic regions by analyzing Russian and foreign scientific publications. A common negative demographic factor for the Arctic regions is the change in the structure of the population, so the development of entrepreneurship can be considered important for the development of the Arctic regions, capable of providing livelihoods for local residents. The article considers the current conditions for entrepreneurial activity in the Arctic to determine the problems and prospects for the development of entrepreneurship in the Arctic regions from the point of view of green economy. In the article, the authors offer advice on engaging in entrepreneurial activities in the Arctic, following the principles of sustainable development and adhering to the principles of a green economy.

Reakcja państw Unii Europejskiej na rosyjską agresję w Ukrainie. Europa zjednoczona czy podzielona?

The principle of solidarity is a basic element of social life, inscribing not only the ethics of the Catholic Church but also european culture and documents of the European Union. [107] The aggresion of the Russian Federation in Ukraine, which began in 2014 with the annex- ation of Crimea and continued through military operations carried out from February 24, 2022 inspired the author to write this article and pose several basic questions that she will try to answer. What was there action of the states European Union to the war in Ukraine? Is the principle of solidarity in solving european problems actually applied by all member states? If so, is it to the same extent? And if not, what is the reason? Do not the political, economic and economic interests of the countries of the old European Union seem more important than european solidarity? Does the conflict in Ukraine create circumstances for the coherence of actions and EU solidarity or on the contrary is it a manifestation of a threat to this unity? The article is of a review nature and is based on materials from polish and foreign scientific publications, reports and materials available on the Internet.

Experience of Media Anthropology in the Research of Media Influence

Introduction. The importance of studying the influence of media on the audience is undeniable. Media anthropology suggests using the methods of cultural anthropology for such studies. It seemed appropriate to me to pay attention to the potential possibilities of such methods. Relevance of the study. It is not possible to say that the discussion about the methods, approaches and functions of media anthropology, which involves both anthropologists and specialists in media science, is complete. In particular, these questions are raised during regular seminars on media anthropology. The idea of the article is an analytical review of some scientific works published in foreign scientific publications devoted to media anthropology as a scientific direction and, in particular, methods of media anthropology aimed at studying the interaction of people with the media. Methodology. Methods of analysis and generalization, descriptive and comparative methods were used. Results. Among the modern approaches to media anthropology as a scientific direction, the following can be distinguished: 1) the study of media consumption in certain local communities; 2) study of media production; 3) interpretations of media systems using categories borrowed from cultural anthropology, such as myth, ritual, sacredness, magic. 4) understanding media messages as a powerful discourse and studying ways of public resistance to this discourse. Compliance with the standards of field anthropological research remains a debatable point. The problems addressed by media anthropologists are mainly related to the study of the influence of media on various segments of the audience, in particular the effects of mediatization, state formation, the formation of nations in the Internet space, the practice of using social media, etc. Conclusions. The method of included observation and in-depth interviews has serious prospects for audience research, although it needs significant work in this direction. The application of the methods of cultural anthropology makes it possible to study the means of perception of media messages, inclusion of media in the context of everyday life, human interpretation of media messages.

Modeling issues in experimental toxicology and medicine. Zero-order biomodels

Introduction. The creation of adequate models for studying the processes of human interaction with the environment is a key problem of modern experimental biology and medicine. This is due to the fact that both the results of the conducted studies and the recommendations developed on their basis depend on the choice of the biological object and the characteristics of the factor directly affecting it. It should be noted that errors related to both the discrepancy between the developed experimental pathology and the simulated conditions for humans, and the choice of a method for assessing the safety of xenobiotics are critical and can lead to serious consequences. The study aims to determine the existing trends in biomodeling and extrapolation of the results currently being implemented in experimental toxicology and medicine based on the analysis of literature data. Materials and methods. We have used forty five domestic and foreign scientific publications as materials. The research method was the analysis and generalization of the materials presented in scientific publications. Results. The scientists considered such components of extrapolation modeling as the creation of an adequate model, compliance with the principles of proper laboratory, as well as extrapolation of the obtained data to humans. We have given the definition of an experimental model of the disease as a condition developing in a laboratory animal under the influence of an etiological factor, which most fully reflects the main manifestations of the disease that arose on the basis of a common human and used biomodel of pathogenesis. We introduced the term "zero-order biomodels" and defined it as an object used for biomodeling and also presented a classification of zero-order biomodels. Conclusion. Currently, issues related to their standardization are of increasing importance in conducting biomedical research, which is reflected in the appearance of a large number of regulatory documents regulating not only the procedure for conducting them, but also the requirements for biological models used for these studies. However, despite the existing trends, the key point in conducting all studies was and still is the issues related to the extrapolation of the data obtained to humans. The conducted analysis suggests that new biological models (of the zero-order) are being actively introduced into the practice of biomedical research according to their characteristics fully corresponding to the prototype - human biological material obtained from various sources. A distinctive feature of these models is the absence of the need to extrapolate the results obtained to humans. The analysis shows that at present there are all prerequisites for conducting preclinical studies using almost the entire spectrum of biological models of the zero-order specified in this publication within the existing legal framework.

Необходимость расширения действующего в Российской Федерации официального перечня состояний, при которых оказывается первая помощь

Summary. The objectives of the study were to determine the general spectrum of critical conditions in which timely and correctly rendered first aid can contribute to the preservation of life; to assess the feasibility of expanding the official list of conditions in which first aid is rendered in the Russian Federation. Research materials and methods. The study materials are national and international recommendations for first aid; data of official statistics; legal acts of the Russian Federation regulating first aid; domestic and foreign scientific publications. Bibliographic databases Google Scholar, Pubmed/Medline and Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) were used to search for scientific publications. The materials were searched and analyzed in July-August 2022. Study results and their analysis. The results of the analysis of international and national recommendations and relevant scientific publications on first aid, undertaken to identify the general spectrum of life-threatening conditions in which timely and properly provided first aid can determine a favorable outcome for the patient or victim are presented. The official list of conditions for which first aid is provided, approved in 2012, does not include a number of widespread and life-threatening health disorders, including acute coronary syndrome and stroke — conditions that cumulatively cause the largest number of deaths among adult population of the country. The article substantiates the expediency of expanding the official list of conditions for which first aid is provided in Russia.

Потребительский рынок страны: актуальные тенденции

This article analyzes the state of the consumer market in the modern realities of our country, examines the trends of its development depending on the implemented strategies of citizens’ behavior in the conditions of economic crisis and the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic. During this period, the demand for goods that restore and protect health increased, including a set of certain elements with which it is possible to restore and maintain human performance, a set of technical devices that are used for the treatment and prevention of various diseases, as well as products that do not contain genetically modified organisms. The influence of information technologies on the sphere of consumption in the current conditions is noted, the need to strengthen the work of e-commerce platforms, online e-commerce stores and services aimed at improving the efficiency of interaction of consumer market entities is revealed. The author’s definitions of the consumer market concept, common in the scientific literature, are presented. Consumer market analysis plays an important role in the economy, which is reflected in domestic and foreign scientific publications devoted to optimizing the mechanisms of interaction between supply and demand of the consumer market, factors and models of economic security. A model and classification of consumer markets in the socio-economic system of the region is developed, a description of individual elements of the proposed structure is presented. The dynamics of wholesale trade development in Russia in the period before the coronavirus pandemic was analyzed in accordance with changes in social preferences and their impact on demand. The study revealed the results of the state of the consumer market in Russia, promising directions of its development.

Arterial hypertension and atrial fi brillation: general pathogenesis and mutual eff ects on the course of diseases

The article presents reviews of modern domestic and foreign scientific publications on the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH), as well as the issues of blood pressure control in AF. Arterial hypertension (AH) is often accompanied by comorbidity, and, in addition, is the most frequent factor in the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). AF is the most common type of arrhythmia, which increases the risk of thromboembolic complications, heart failure, and leads to an increase in the overall mortality rate. The aim of the work was to study the pathological mechanisms of the formation of AF in hypertension, as well as their mutual impact on the course of diseases, and, in addition, to analyze and compare methods for measuring blood pressure (BP) in AF, used in modern clinical work, to identify the most objective method. A general scientific method was applied: analysis of modern scientifi c domestic and foreign literature on research problems, generalization, comparison, systematization of theoretical data on the experience of application. All reviews were indexed in PubMed, Medline, eLibrary, CyberLeninka, Google Scholar databases. The presented study allow us to conclude that hypertension is both a risk factor for atrial fi brillation and a complication of the course of the disease in patients with atrial fibrillation; the most objective method of measuring blood pressure in AF is oscillometric. The tasks and prospects of future research are identified.

The essence of key success factors as a competitive advantage of the enterprise

The relevance of the researched topic lies in the growth of competition between business entities in both domestic and foreign markets. The processes of globalization and integration predetermine the constant search by enterprises for ways to gain competitive advantages in order to increase the loyalty of existing customers and obtain new ones, to seek access to new markets, and ultimately, increase profits. In such circumstances, the study of key success factors becomes an extremely important task for both business representatives and scientists. The purpose of the article is to review existing views on the process of defining and forming key success factors, as well as the issue of separating the essence of the concepts of “key success factors” and “key performance indicators”. To write the article, Ukrainian and foreign scientific publications in the field of marketing, management, international business and entrepreneurship have been analyzed. The article is devoted to the problem of increasing the competitiveness of Ukrainian enterprises through the development of key success factors. The article groups the main approaches to defining the concept of “key success factors”. The author’s interpretation of the concept of “key success factors” has been provided. Characteristics, that competitive advantages have to meet in order to be considered strategic success factors, have been identified. The main areas of key success factors have been formed and considered. It has been concluded that the competitive advantage of any product or service is constantly changing and unique, and therefore requires constant analysis of the market and economic situation, taking into account many factors that affect them. Recommendations have been provided on the effective use of key success factors by management of Ukrainian enterprises in order to increase the enterprise’s financial performance, improve its image, stabilize its economic condition, etc. The article presents scientific and practical significance for business representatives who seek to identify, investigate and improve the key success factors of their own enterprises and gain additional competitive advantages

Management of adult continuing education: Сurrent state and prospects

Aim. The presented study aims to determine the role of management in the system of adult continuing education and major strategic directions for its development and improvement, paying special attention to continuing professional education. Tasks. The authors analyze Russian and foreign scientific publications on the problem under consideration; investigate management practices in the system of adult continuing education in a particular educational organization, paying special attention to the system of continuing professional education; substantiate the key role of management in an educational organization, including staff competencies, management technologies, focus on building a quality management system (QMS) aimed at improving the efficiency of the adult continuing education system; determine key trends in the development of the adult continuing education system from a strategic perspective. Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition in various aspects to investigate the system of adult continuing education and to identify trends in its current state and development as well as major areas for improvement. Results. The results of the study make it obvious that IT infrastructure, staff development, and management are the most significant factors for the introduction of digital media in adult continuing education organizations. Digital and mobile technologies are important resources supporting individual training of specialists in various areas of expertise. In addition to that, various population groups require flexible educational routes in the context of changing social development factors and emerging challenges and threats, further professional development of staff in adult and continuing education, training programs focusing on the needs of students with allowance for the regional labor market, and state support for professional training and continuing professional education for the most vulnerable population groups. Conclusions. The conducted study makes it possible to identify key trends in the development of the adult continuing education system, which must be taken into consideration in order to improve management in this field.

Хейтинг как вид киберагрессии. Стереотипный образ хейтера в языковом сознании российских студентов

The paper features the phenomenon of hating as a type of aggression in cyber communication and the features that define it as a specific form of cyber aggression. The paper reviews the main domestic and foreign scientific publications on the issue of hating. The authors defined such understudied aspects of this phenomenon as racial hate and described the object of cyber aggression, haters’ goals, hating triggers, etc. They also analyzed various interpretations of the concepts of hating and hater. The research objective was to correlate the content of the concept of hater and the stereotypical idea about it in the linguistic consciousness of Russian university students. The research was based on reactions obtained by a free associative experiment from 537 Russian students, who were asked to fill in an online questionnaire. The authors used the method of semantic analysis to divide the reactions into semantic groups and associative fields. The verbal reactions were also subjected to a semantic gestalt analysis. The study provided a model of the stereotypical image of a hater as seen by Russian students. The model takes into account the content, structure, and severity. The current image-stereotype of hater looks the following way: a hater is an insecure and envious person A, evil, bad, not very smart, and not quite psychologically healthy, who hates person B (as a rule, a public person) and envies them, wishes them evil, and sees them as an opponent, while expressing hatred and envy by means of Internet comments full of unreasonable hatred, envy, aggression, and negativity.

Signature-based block diagram analysis. Calculating complex-structure signatures

Aim. The signature theory allows comparing the structural dependability of complex systems consisting of identical components using a numeric vector referred to as signature that is determined using a certain algorithm. The signature describes a system’s structure and is associated with the order statistics of the components’ times to failure. The paper aims to familiarize the Russian readers with the theory, as well as to build simple algorithms that would allow finding the signature of an arbitrary VooL system, including a series parallel system using the known signatures of its subsystems.Methods. Calculations and theorem proving primarily involve the use of combinatorics with various element selection patterns. Additionally, classical methods of the probability theory and mathematical theory of dependability are used.Conclusions. The paper introduces such concept of the mathematical dependability theory as technical system signature. The primary purpose of this characteristic consists in comparing the structural dependability of several, in particular, two systems. The algorithm is sufficiently simple and involves comparing two finite numeric arrays according to a certain rule. Structural dependability is understood as the dependability of connection circuits of components that are identical in terms of dependability. That significantly reduces the capabilities of the signature theory, as practically all technical systems consist of components with various dependability. However, with a certain conservatism, it can be considered that all of a system’s components have a dependability identical to that of the least dependable one. The degree of conservatism will be determined by the difference in the component dependability that will be a sufficiently low value for highly dependable components. Additionally, we should note the purely mathematical beauty of the signature theory that has recently been gaining significant momentum in foreign scientific publications. It must be noted that according to the classical laws of combinatorics, as the number n of system component elements grows, the construction of a technical system signature speeds up significantly. Therefore, it becomes necessary to develop sufficiently simple algorithms for calculating the signature of a random system. As part of the presented work, analytical approaches to signature acquisition were developed for both simple cases when a single component is, in series or parallely, added to a subsystem, and more complex situations when one or more subsystems are added to another subsystem. A number of cases of signature construction were considered using both the classical method, and the one suggested in this paper. An example was analysed of system dependability comparison using their respective signatures. The structural dependability of systems with various numbers of components was compared. The paper proves a number of theorems that allow calculating the signature of a random structure diagram consisting of components that are identical in terms of dependability.

Assessment of the impact of the use of durvalumab for the treatment of advanced small cell lung cancer on the achievement of the target "reduction in mortality from neoplasms"

Aim. Impact evaluation of effective methods for advanced small cell lung cancer treatment using the drug durvalumab on the achievement of the Russian Federation national and regional programs Healthcare Development target indicator reduction of mortality from neoplasms.
 Materials and methods. The methodology of this study is based on general scientific research methods: general logical (analysis, synthesis, induction), theoretical (generalization), empirical (description, calculation, measurement, comparison). The regulatory framework of the research work was made up by the legislation of the Russian Federation, documents regulating the procedure for providing medical care to patients with malignant neoplasms, technical regulation norms enshrined in the documents of the national standardization system that regulate the procedure for health technologies assessment. As an empirical base, the available official data on the epidemiology of lung cancer, Russian and foreign scientific publications, Russian clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant neoplasms of lungs were analyzed. To conduct health technologies assessment, a mathematical model was developed based on Microsoft Excel 2019 software. The mathematical apparatus used to create a predictive model adapted to predict the results of healthcare cancer programs at the federal and regional levels.
 Results. The use of durvalumab for the treatment of advanced small cell lung cancer will provide an increase in the achievement of the target indicator reduction of mortality from neoplasms of the national program Healthcare Development in 2022 by 21.3% (499 additionally prevented deaths), in 2023 by 7.0% (366 additionally averted deaths), in 2024 by 6.0% (441 additionally averted deaths). Obtained results show that the use of durvalumab in combination with standard chemotherapy in patients with advanced small cell lung cancer can have a significant impact on the achievement of targets set in healthcare cancer programs.
 Conclusion. The durvalumab usage in real practice in combination with standard chemotherapy (etoposide + platinum drug), in comparison with the use of only standard chemotherapy (etoposide + platinum drug), will reduce cancer mortality and will contribute to achieving the targets of the Russian Federation national and regional programs Healthcare Development reduction of mortality from neoplasms.

Академическая мобильность как инструмент международного коммуникативного взаимодействия вузов

The present research featured the effect of academic mobility on international communicative interaction. The objective was to identify the role of international academic mobility in the PR activities of universities. The study relied on the method of content analysis of domestic and foreign scientific publications. The authors used the method of problem interviews to develop an online questionnaire for students involved in international student exchange programs. The authors described the term of PR-technology, as well as the most popular PR activities and types of international academic mobility in higher education institutions. Academic mobility proved to be one of the most effective PR-technologies of higher education institutions. The article introduces a classification of international academic mobility as a process that provides international communicative interaction. International academic mobility proved to have a significant impact on the image of universities and their students in the international arena, as well as on the status of the country in geopolitical, economic, and civil areas.

Концепция трехфакторной модели цифровой экосистемы ЖКХ

Currently, the value of the information and communication technology development index in Russia is increasing every year, but it still lags far behind the values of world leaders. The specifics of the domestic experience of digital transformation of all spheres of the economy indicates that the main changes are more often carried out in separate vectors, rather than in a complex. This is a definite problem for the development of the digital ecosystem of the industry – a complex system of interconnected objects competing on a single digital platform and designed to solve specific tasks set for industry needs. And it should be considered not only at the level of state support, but also at the level of combining the forces of the state with science and private business. To do this, it is necessary to create stimulating factors in order to attract investment, which is especially important in the housing and communal services sector. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that make up the architecture of the digital ecosystem of housing and communal services, as well as to assess their mutual influence on each other. Methods of analysis and synthesis, economic-statistical and comparative methods, as well as mathematical modeling were used in the work. The authors analyzed current foreign and domestic scientific publications on the research topic, electronic collections of analytical research centers, and official statistical reports of state bodies. The results are a description of a three-factor model of the digital ecosystem of housing and communal services, consisting of performance indicators of digital services, competence characteristics of human resources and a set of functional digital services for housing and communal services. Conclusion. Considering the digital ecosystem of housing and communal services in a complex of three interrelated factors, it is possible to improve the quality of managerial decision-making in matters of modernization of digital management of housing and communal services. Moreover, mathematically describing the dependencies of the factors of the digital ecosystem, it is possible to move to the level of determining specific thresholds, after reaching which, the housing and communal services ecosystem will acquire an optimal configuration of elements and a higher digital potential.

Fuzja anarchizmu z ekologią – główne nurty zielonego anarchizmu, założenia oraz ich geneza

This article describes the ideological outline of a broad doctrine called green anarchism. Green anarchism is one of the branches of anarchist thought, which has gained popularity in modern times, as evidenced by numerous Polish and foreign scientific and popular publications concerning the history of ecological anarchism and the emergence of radical ecological circles that share some of the values which form the basis of the classical anarchist schools (anarcho-communism, anarcho-collectivism, anarcho-individualism and anarcho-syndicalism). Ecological anarchism is a collection of many minor doctrines, philosophies and lifestyles referring to the fight against capitalism, which destroys the natural environment, the apotheosis of freedom, and the promotion of specific diets (fruitarianism, veganism, vegetarianism). The ideas of the co-founders of the green anarchist school are sometimes hostile to related factions and other doctrines (conservatism, nationalism, fascism). The article discusses the ideological profile of the three most popular and well-developed trends in ecological anarchism: anarcho-veganism, anarcho-primitivism and anarcho-naturism. Additionally, it presents excerpts of the works and views of the precursors of this rich political thought (such as Peter Kropotkin, Leo Tolstoy and Henry David Thoreau), the sources of which can be found in the 18th century. The aim of this article is to show that green anarchism is a political thought which has a rich history and is constantly being developed on many continents. It is a critique of contemporary phenomena, such as globalisation, urbanisation, industrialisation, and the destruction of nature resulting from the activities of corporations associated with certain industries.

Principles for the Design of Architectural Objects based on Air-Supported Structures in Extreme Conditions: the Example of the Covid-19 Epidemic

The article is devoted to identifying the current principles of designing architectural objects based on pneumatic air-supported structures in extreme conditions using the example of the Covid-19 pandemic. The object of the research is project proposals and realized pneumatic buildings and structures of the XXI century, created during the period of the Covid-19 epidemic. The objective of the study is to identify the basic principles for improving the design concepts of pneumatic air-supported objects in a pandemic and post-pandemic period in the context of international architectural and engineering trends to predict the vector of their further development. The methodological approach to the study of these problems is based on a systematic analysis of the features of the formation of pneumatic structures and is based on the materials of the implemented and designed buildings and structures of pneumatic architecture, as well as the study of open domestic and foreign scientific publications in this area. The findings of the study demonstrate the key advantages of using pneumatic air-supported structures in the creation of architectural buildings and structures based on the identified design principles, considering modern measures of epidemiological safety. The results obtained can be useful for architects, designers and engineers.

Human Development in Kazakhstan: Problems and Methods of Analysis

Human potential assessment involves determining a person’s ability to live a healthy, long, and dignified life. The purpose of this article is to analyze the dynamics of the main indicators for measuring the human development index in Kazakhstan. The information base for scientific research was official statistical information, articles in domestic and foreign scientific publications. Within the framework of the study, general scientific, including analytical, statistical, graphical methods were used with the help of comparative, logical analysis tools. Within the framework of the analytical method, an analysis of indicators of the quality of life was carried out, including several blocks. The application of the analytical method made it possible to determine the trends of human development, assess the health, education level, and income level of people. Within the framework of the statistical method, the analysis and concretization of individual indicative indicators were carried out. During the study, a block of indicators for assessing the human development index (hereinafter referred to as the HDI) was identified, and their analysis and differentiation of levels by regions and types of localities was carried out. The analysis of the real gross product per capita and the indicator of real money income in Kazakhstan was carried out. As a result of the analysis of the quintile division of the population into groups, one of the main reasons for the increase in the existing inequality in income distribution was identified as the imperfection of the existing system of income redistribution in the economy.

Discussion paper: forecasting the possibilities of non-euclidan geometry in information security

The article is devoted to the general ensuring information security problem. For this, it is proposed to introduce innovative approaches, one of which is the non-Euclidean geometry use. A review of Russian and foreign scientific publications is made, in which various options for the application of such non-classical geometry are given. The paucity of such studies is emphasized. The application areas of published solutions are medicine, logistics, economics, geography, practical physics, visualization, image recognition and cosmology. The solutions themselves may be in demand in the following areas of information technology: optimization, identification of analytical dependencies, regression, visualization, classification, topology. The acquired knowledge systematization suggests that most of the solutions will be able to increase the information security effectiveness, which allows us to speak about the success of the study. This article is debatable, and, therefore, it should be logically followed by the «Proof of Concept» stage, i.e. confirmation of the efficiency of the proposed innovative approach.