Foreign Culture Research Articles

Cross-Cultural Marketing Communication: A Comparative Analysis of Strategies in Global Campaigns

Due to the advent of globalisation, the establishment of global markets has led to a notable increase in the number of enterprises operating across many nations. The emergence of multicultural organisations may be attributed to companies' efforts to extend their operations outside conventional geographical boundaries. Within these firms, individuals from many nationalities interact with one another in order to accomplish the objectives of the company. The attraction and profitability of these expansions for enterprises may be evident; yet, the operational and managerial challenges associated with global firms are more complex compared to local ones. The global business landscape is shaped by a multitude of factors, including divergences in social, cultural, economic, legal, and political contexts. Engaging in global commercial operations exposes organisations to a range of potential risks, such as political risk, currency risk, and cultural risk, among others. Human resources play a vital role in facilitating the smooth running of company divisions, both at local and worldwide levels. The objective of this research is to examine the challenges associated with cross-cultural marketing faced by organisations engaged in global marketing endeavors. The research highlights the significance of possessing a comprehensive comprehension of a foreign culture, demonstrating respect towards a foreign culture, and implementing management practices that are appropriately attuned to cultural variations. These factors are identified as crucial in enabling a company to effectively address the challenges associated with cross-cultural marketing.

INTERNALISASI NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK MELALUI PENGAJIAN KITAB BIDAYATUL HIDAYAH DI KELAS VIII PUTRI MTS UNGGULAN NURIS JEMBER

Advances in technology and science in this era of globalization have made the worldsituation transparent, the barriers between national cultures have begun to disappear,resulting in the ease of foreign cultures influencing other cultures. To protect againstnegative things, serious treatment is needed in the form of moral development throughreligious education. The aim of this research is to analyze the internalization transformationstage, the transaction stage and the trans-internalization stage of the value of moraleducation through the recitation of the Bidayatul Hidayah book for Class VIII Girls at MTsUnggulan Nuris Jember. The research method used is qualitative with a phenomenologicalapproach. The research results show that several processes used in transforming the valuesof Islamic religious education are lectures (mau'idzah), stories and taking ibroh, as well asthe sorogan method. This process is used to transform the values of aqidah, shari'ah andmorals. Where at this stage it is taught how to transform knowledge to students. So thatstudents really know and understand what is taught by the teacher and what is taught bythe students themselves or through discussion. At the transaction stage, the values of moraleducation are shown in steps in the form of habituation and punishment. This habit isapplied in internalizing the values of Islamic education both in faith, shari'ah and morals.Next, in the value transinternalization stage, the most influential thing is example. This isshown in the example set directly by caregivers and teachers. This example consists of how to worship Allah SWT, how to carry out the commandments of the Shari'ah and how tobehave well towards others. The conclusion of this research is that the internalization ofmoral education values through the recitation of the Bidayatul Hidayah Book is shown inseveral processes, including the transformation of Islamic education values in the form oflectures, stories and sorogan, value transactions in the form of habituation and punishment,and the trans internalization of values shown by morals that are exemplified directly bycaregivers and teachers.

التخييل في أدب الرحلة

The literature of travel, or travel literature, has roots that extend back to ancient times. In fact, one could argue that travel and exploration are fundamental to the human experience, starting with the first journey undertaken by humanity—the journey from non-existence to existence. From there, the human journey began, and with the journey of our father Adam (AS) from heaven to earth, the human journey started from the very beginning of human existence. Over time, humans started documenting their memories and experiences during their journeys. As new worlds were unveiled, a new perspective emerged in writing about those travels. These journeys revealed diverse lands, peoples, and nations, shedding light on their daily lives, history, traditions, culture, language, clothing, and cuisine. Travel literature serves as a window into the world, offering readers a glimpse into the experiences and perspectives of travelers. It allows us to explore different landscapes, encounter foreign cultures, and gain a deeper understanding of the interconnectedness of our global community. Through travel literature, we can embark on journeys vicariously, expanding our horizons and fostering empathy and appreciation for the richness and diversity of human existence.
 
 Keywords : Travel literature, philosophy of fiction or Imagination ,fictions trends.

PRINCIPLES OF LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL APPROACH IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS

The article is devoted to the disclosure of the linguistic and cultural approach and conceptual apparatus, development in the system of sciences, and its problems. It has been found that using the theoretical foundations of linguistic and cultural studies and introducing them into the educational process, a linguistic and cultural approach has been formed in linguistic didactics.
 The study of educational content has shown that the didactic essence of the linguistic and cultural approach consists of defining the goals, objectives, content, methods, and forms of its implementation. Based on the analysis of several concepts, the peculiarities of the cultural approach have been identified, and a classification and table of hierarchical dependence of the principles of the linguistic and cultural approach in the foreign language training of future specialists has been created.
 It has been established that the linguistic and cultural approach provides higher education students with the opportunity to master the following skills: to show interest in aspects of another culture, lifestyle, and mentality; find cultural information and materials taking into account the characteristics of a specific group; compare the phenomena of one’s own and foreign cultures; explain differences and overlaps in linguistic intentions; develop effective strategies for intercultural communication; to reveal the interrelationships between different cultures; distinguish linguistic and regional information in authentic materials, comment and supplement it; understand the cultural conditioning of behavioral stereotypes and overcome prejudices; to semanticize non-equivalent vocabulary in a cultural context.
 The author of the article also has attempted to reveal the meaning of the category “approach to learning” in the context of professional foreign language training of humanitarian specialists. Modern characteristics of this category of communication training are analyzed. The main principles of foreign language teaching in higher education institutions are considered.

Дундад зууны монголчуудын алтан эмээлийн тухай

The design and practical utilization of saddles dating to the Great Mongol Empire contain diverse cultural contexts. The adornment of the pommel displays motifs of vivid, free, spiritual, and mighty subject matters. The designs of intertwined floral patterns, twisted ropes, ‘horns,’ and scroll motifs, along with depictions of deer, rabbit, and horse, are the most favored themes for nomads but are rarely observed in other cultures. As the Mongols conquered and reigned by virtue of their horses, they worshipped these animals and adorned them with the best they had to offer. The extensive use of precious metals was meant to demonstrate their power and status. The origin of gold and silver-plated saddles dates back to the Khitan (Liao) Dynasty. According to researchers the smithery traditions and technology were sustained and advanced during the Great Mongol Empire. The saddles dating to this period were embellished with gold and silver plates on the pommel, cantle, saddle bars, gullet, and rear jockey, punctuated with precious stone inlays. Meanwhile, all the leather straps of the girth, breast collar, and cruppers were adorned with gold and silver plaques of the same design. Several 13th- and 14th-century gold and silver-plated saddles unearthed in Mongolia, Ukraine, Russia, and Inner Mongolia, China, were each distinct in design yet displayed the salient features and craftsmanship traditions of the Mongols. Dragon has been the symbol and insignia of prestige and the royal court in Oriental ideology. The embellishments on the pommel, gullet, and bars are symmetric with typical Mongolian decorative design. Judging from historical resources and archaeological finds, horse harness fittings made of gold and silver were of significance to the imperial Mongols. The relatively intact three saddles in Ayurzana Altangerel’s collection in Ulaanbaatar have been attributable to the imperial court of the Great Mongol Empire, considering their level of craftsmanship proficiency, production methods and techniques, as well as the frequency of dragon motifs with three and four claws and precious stone inlays, all of which exemplify the exotic taste of the steppe people. The gold and silver arts under the Great Mongol Empire initially employed the distinct nomadic taste, traditional customs, and material culture, and further developed into a cultural continuum of a world empire, articulating and acculturizing diverse religions and cultures of all the nations under its reign. Mongolia acquired more influences from foreign cultures in both material and intellectual development, yet the arts of nomadic Mongols manifested and served as the core and essence of this worldly phenomenon, reverberating in other parts of the world.

Art as a Communicative Factor of International Sports Ceremonies

International sports ceremonies should be seen as one of the integral parts of a sporting competition, which contains an important communicative factor, attracting and enabling understanding of each other by an audience of many millions. The aim of this study is to analyse the interaction of art as a communicative factor in international sports ceremonies. In developing this topic, general scientific and special scientific methods, including analysis and logical analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as literature review were applied. These ceremonies, integral to any sporting event, serve multifaceted purposes, including education, cultural enrichment, communication enhancement, and the cultivation of patriotism and morale among participants and spectators. Furthermore, they play a pivotal role in promoting intercultural understanding by offering a platform for audiences to engage with foreign cultures and their artistic expressions. Art emerges as a central communicative tool within these ceremonies, with a historical legacy dating back centuries.

Surprise from the East. A Quiver or Bowcase Loop from the Ancillary Settlement in Gdańsk

Archaeological explorations carried out between Tartaczna and Panieńska streets in Gdańsk has provided a wealth of movable historical artefacts. One of them is a quiver/bowcase loop made of antler. The article discusses typological classification, comparative analysis, dating and ethnocultural characteristics of the artefact. Antler and iron elements of quivers and bowcases are very rare in Poland and all of them are considered to be elements of foreign culture: Rus’ or Hungarian.

Comparative study of the national identity education in senior high school English textbooks from Kyrgyzstan and China

Relevance\Purpose. This paper conducts a comparative quantitative analysis of senior high school English books in Kyrgyzstan and China from the perspective of national identity education. It analyses the information, design, symbolic characteristics, and proportion of national identity education in two versions of English textbooks.Methodology. The study used the textual analysis method and the comparative method.Results. The findings are as follows: English textbooks in Kyrgyzstan pay more attention to national identity and national knowledge system construction, relying on many country-specific themes. Meanwhile, English textbooks for Chinese senior high school focus more on the presentation of an authentic English language context in which the foreign culture proportion is greater than that of the Chinese culture. English textbooks in Kyrgyzstan tend to present Kyrgyzstan identity based on Russian and English languages. The textbooks include three language types to strengthen the consciousness of the Kyrgyzstan national knowledge system. English textbooks in China tend to present English language�speaking countries. The textbooks contain one language�English�and the Chinese language rarely appears on the cover pages.Conclusions. English textbooks in Kyrgyzstan tend to present Kyrgyzstan culture as part of the national identity construction. These textbooks pay more attention to translating local Kyrgyzstan culture and provide more vivid themes to stimulate comparisons between the Kyrgyz Republic and other countries. English textbooks in China tend to construct a multicultural knowledge system by presenting many common, daily topics of world culture and diversity.

« Sésame, ouvre-toi » : internationalisme phraséologique à contenu universel

Phraseological units, characterised by their opaque meaning, are the subject of multiple theoretical works. The following article adds to this discussion by providing another interesting example. It analyses the case of the Arabic phraseological unit ‘open sesame’ from the “Ali Baba and the Forty Thievesˮ folk tale, permeating into French, Italian, Polish, Turkish and Japanese – languages distant both linguistically and culturally. In each of the analysed languages, we can find the so-called absolute equivalents of the unit in question. Their analysis shows how a phraseological unit of a meaning rooted in a foreign culture enters a language that initially did not connote sesame with a ‘treasury’. Interestingly, the analysed unit became understandable enough to be re-used in other cultural sources, such as names of public places, or even to enter the target language dictionaries. However, as the corpus analysis suggests, the popularity of the unit in question varies between languages, being the most popular in Italian and the least in Japanese.

SELF-IDENTITY CONFLICT IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (on the example of the novel « Ni Ève, Ni Adam » of Amélie Notomb)

The article is dedicated to Amélie Nothomb, a Belgian writer who became known throughout the world thanks to her autobiographical novels. This collection allows the reader to explore the life and adventures of the novels' main character, Amélie. In the work it was possible to research and analyze the meaning and events of each of these novels, special attention was paid to the novel "Neither Eve nor Adam". This novel served as an example illustrating many problems that can happen to lovers in international relationships. Using the example of this novel, the work explored the main problems and advantages of relationships with people representing other countries: what might be the risks and why it is still worth trying if a no one has the ability and desire to do so. The novel, in turn, helps each reader make a final decision, its pages describe in detail many everyday trifles with which the main characters had to live, in addition, the author emphasizes his own "I" , which can be easily lost. , or even lost, if you only set one goal: to merge as quickly as possible with a foreign culture. Finally, it was possible to search for the Ukrainian translation of the original novel on the pages of the work. The fragments of the novel that, in my opinion, best reflect the daily life, life and relationship of Amélie and Rinri were also chosen for translation. Through the analysis of the translation of this novel, we can understand exactly how the original is perceived by a French-speaking reader, and the translation by a Ukrainian reader.

Environmental Design of Indonesian Cultural Background on Creative Design Incubation of 'Legacy of Moksha'

Indonesia has an almost countless number of cultures, making it one of the countries with thousands of cultures and their diversity. Seeing this fact, it is quite unfortunate that Indonesian people at this time do not respect their own culture, and far prefer culture from abroad. This is due to the existence of globalization which makes it easier for information to enter rapidly, especially in the field of creative media and entertainment which is one of the negative effects for Indonesian culture, namely local culture which is shifted by foreign culture. It is hoped that this project will be able to compete with this problem by creating a creative concept based on Indonesian culture, to introduce and re-creating love for Indonesian culture, through a more interesting and creative video game concept. Therefore, a plan to create a creative concept that will be the base for creating a creative media, that is expected to attract Indonesian people's interest in their own culture. Some methods such as literature study, documentation study, and surveys are used, which are based on several sources such as literature books, articles, journals, and the results of past research that has been done before. The data obtained will be a guide for making a concept book, which will be the final result of designing the Legacy of Moksha game concept.
 Keywords: indonesian; culture; intellectual product property; concept art; environment; design

The Goodwill and Consistency of Türkiye in the Repatriation of Foreign Cultural Property: Case Studies of China and Iraq

There are many national and international legal frameworks for the protection of cultural property. However, even though states enact laws to protect cultural property, ratify multilateral conventions, and adopt bilateral agreements, the illicit trade in cultural property remains a problem. The return of any cultural property is a multi-layered process, and it is critical that a state’s policy towards displaced cultural property is consistent and based on goodwill to ensure international protection of cultural properties. This article elaborates on Türkiye’s goodwill and consistency in returning foreign cultural property to its country of origin. Two repatriation cases are examined to assess how Türkiye applies the principles of the 1970 UNESCO Convention and the bilateral agreements done accordingly regarding goodwill and consistency. The first case is, the Republic of Türkiye & the People’s Republic of China where the return was based on a bilateral agreement while the second case is the Republic of Türkiye & the Republic of Iraq where the repatriation took place based on diplomatic relations.

Analisis Brand Ambassador Grup K-Pop EXO Sebagai Strategi Ekspansi Pemasaran Produk Scarlett Whitening

One of the impacts of the globalization era is related to the influx of cultural elements from other countries. The phenomenon of globalization is also able to connect countries through trade cooperation, cultural exchange, investment, technological advances and others. Some foreign cultures have begun to dominate Indonesia, whether from trends, music, movies, or the habits of life of other countries, but Indonesians are quite good at handling this phenomenon. Meanwhile, through its marketing expansion strategy, Scarlett Whitening utilizes the phenomenon that Indonesia has been named as the country with the highest number of K-pop fans or what we usually hear as K-popers in the world because of people's enthusiasm for South Korean culture, such as movies, music, drama or beauty trends in South Korea.

AKULTURASI BUDAYA PADA ARSITEKTUR BANGUNAN DI PALEMBANG

The existence of different cultures gives birth to different architectural styles. When two or more cultures meet, cultural acculturation occurs in the architecture of the building, or in several architectural elements, or in the entire building. Acculturation is a social process that arises when a group of people from a culture combines elements of a foreign culture, so that they can be accepted and processed into their own culture without causing a loss of their original cultural personality.One area in Indonesia that can be said to have a long history and culture is the city of Palembang. Palembang was famous from the time of the Sriwijaya Kingdom to the Palembang Darussalam Sultanate and was synonymous with a business economy that used sea routes. It is not surprising that the creation of cultural acculturation is a natural thing.Examples of the historical heritage of the city of Palembang which experienced acculturation or architectural mixing can be seen from houses of worship and residential buildings, namely the Palembang Grand Mosque (Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin Jayo Wikramo Grand Mosque), the Cheng Ho Mosque (Al Islam Muhammad Cheng Hoo Mosque Sriwijaya Palembang), and the House Limas (traditional house of South Sumatra). The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach using library research.
 Keywords : acculturation, culture, architecture, Palembang

A study on foreign language anxiety among international students from China

In the era marked by heightened cross-border educational pursuits, this research endeavors to scrutinize the prevalence and repercussions of foreign language anxiety (FLA) among international students from China. These students face the dual challenge of attaining linguistic proficiency and adapting to a foreign culture as they pursue academic opportunities on a global scale. To thoroughly investigate these issues, this research employs a questionnaire survey methodology to collect data pertaining to FLA, language proficiency, and self-confidence perceptions among Chinese international students. The findings underscore the importance of language self-confidence in mitigating the adverse effects of FLA.

Children's Character Education in The Principles of Self-Identity Malay Perspective Tenas Effendy

The greatest challenge in the current era of globalization and modernization is to uphold and impart moral values and character to children. There are numerous cases where children lose their direction and ethics due to the influence of various media, technology, and foreign cultures. This research aims to examine the values of early childhood character education from the perspective of Malay identity principles by Tenas Effendy. The study employs a literature review method (library research). Data collection techniques involve studying literature and documentation of Tenas Effendy's writings on Malay Identity Principles. The data analysis technique used is content analysis. The research findings indicate that the values of children's character education in the Malay identity principles perspective of Tenas Effendy encompass eight aspects: religious character, honesty, hardworking nature, independence, responsibility, social concern, environmental awareness, and friendly/communicative nature. Therefore, implementing these noble values in children can help shape a strong foundation of character. This doesn't only prepare children for academic success but also builds a moral and ethical groundwork that will guide them in facing future challenges.

Theoretical and Practical Exploration of Ideology and Politics in British and American Literature Curriculum

British and American literature is the essence of culture and civilization created in the long historical development process and a bright pearl in the treasure house of world literature. Different types of civilization history, ideological history, and values can better help students understand the literary quality and ideology in various periods of Western civilization. Studying British and American literature aids students in using cross-cultural perspectives to distinguish Chinese and foreign literature and culture. Therefore, the ideological and political tasks of the curriculum are particularly prominent. This research takes a fragment of selected British and American literature as an example to analyze the paths and methods of ideological and political coordination between British and American literature and curriculum, and to explore new ways of educating students in colleges and universities using British and American literature in the new era.

Documentation of African Traditions: The Example of Igbo Tradition in Nation-Building

Documentation of African traditions has become a major concern not only to the Afro-centric scholars but also to the teeming Africans home and abroad who have come face to face with the reality of the need for the revival of African cultural values. The general feeling and opinion is that even though western culture, intellectualism and economics have contributed immensely to the civilization of Africa, their shortcomings have had a far-reaching impact on African traditional life and values. Indeed, African countries including Nigeria have been affected especially in the area of nation building. They have lost a substantial number of their best brains to Europe and America which could have been harnessed for national development. This problem came up because nations all over the world are now getting increasingly unified in a network of relationships called globalization.it is against this background that this paper proposed the documentation of African traditions. Descriptive method was employed for this study. It was discovered that corruption, acts of savagery, new trends in science and technology, insincerity of our leaders, brain drain and brainwashing by foreign cultures are some of the major challenges facing nation building and documentation of African traditions and culture. The paper concludes with a suggestion that the practice of liberal democracy, African languages, fundamental human rights, documentation of African technological heritage, transparency, accountability, establishment of museums at grassroots and protection of archaeological sites should be entrenched in African polity for the revival of African culture and national development.

Sejarah Transmisi Keilmuan ke dalam Bahasa Arab

Arabic translation in Islamic history played an important role in connecting the civilization of the Arab world with ancient knowledge and foreign cultures. From the time of the Prophet Muhammad to the time of the Ottoman Empire, the translation of science and philosophy was key in the development of science in the Islamic world. During the time of the Prophet Muhammad, the importance of mastering foreign languages and communication with non-Arab communities encouraged translation activities. The Prophet Muhammad himself sent letters to foreign kings and even translated the Koran. During the Umayyad era, the translation of Greek knowledge into Arabic began as a personal initiative of clerics. Furthermore, the Abbasid Daula, especially during the time of Caliph al-Ma'mun, witnessed a large-scale translation movement and the establishment of Bayt al-Hikmah as a translation center. During the Ottoman Empire, Islamic education initially experienced a setback, but Sultan Mahmud II reconstructed the education system, including the curriculum and teaching methods. This article emphasizes that individual hard work and political support in the scientific translation movement were important factors in the development of Islamic civilization. Further research can explore the role of translation in the context of Islamic education and the development of Islamic society today.

Navigating Educational Crossroads: Unveiling the Cultural Journey of Indonesian Graduate Students in European Scholarship Programs

This research departs from the challenges and adaptation processes undertaken by international students from Indonesia. The research aims to provide a deep understanding of the scholarship alumni in Europe’s academic life during their studies. This research adopts a constructivist paradigm with a qualitative case study approach. The data collection in this research uses purposive sampling techniques with in-depth interviews and the data analysis uses thematic analysis. The subjects are European university alumni from Indonesia who have completed their studies within the past 5 years. There are four themes: study abroad fantasies, a touch of foreign cultures, academic problems and challenges, and academic strategies or solutions. There are also problems and challenges encountered such as academic constraints, stress, and weather. Scholarship alumni in Europe have strategies to adapt, such as traveling while studying, self-management, having a support system, and establishing social interaction with Indonesians. The findings and results can become a foundation document for donors, sponsors, scholarship providers, and the Indonesian Embassy in European countries in creating strategic programs as a provision for students in their studies.