Pushing Force Research Articles

Highly stretchable hydroxyapatite bionanocomposite for high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators.

Renewable energy has been a focus in recent years. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have potential for converting mechanical energy into electricity. However, there are restrictions on the use of biological materials and bionanocomposites, such as the high cost and complexity of the synthesis process, poor stability, and inadequate output performance. To overcome the constraints of TENGs, we have turned to hydroxyapatite, a biological substance with great biocompatibility and high mechanical strength that can be manufactured from waste materials. We successfully developed a negative triboelectric bionanocomposite hydroxyapatite (HA) loaded polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to harness energy from biomechanical sources such as wearable devices. A TENG (2 × 2 cm2) with a pushing force of 2 N and different amounts of HA in PDMS can produce highly stable output voltage, current, surface charge density, and power density values of 300 V, 22.4 μA, 90.36 μC m-2, and 27.34 W m-2, which are 6, 9, and 10 times higher than those without HA, respectively. These improvements were attributed to the highest observed surface potential of 1512 mV. After 20 000 cycles of contact-separation, the HA/PDMS-TENG shows exceptionally stable performance. Furthermore, adding HA improves the mechanical properties and the stretchability of the bionanocomposite. The HA/PDMS bionanocomposite exhibits remarkable stretchability of more than 290%. Effectively harvesting energy from body movements, the TENG gadget may be used to charge multiple commercial capacitors, drive up to 100 LEDs, and power a low-power electronic device. Self-powered sensing and wearable devices are made possible by the HA/PDMS-TENG, which allows their large-scale preparation and deployment.

Методика расчета усилия продавливания при прокладке трубопровода методом Direct Pipe

Direct Pipe technology combines the best properties of previously well-proven methods, such as microtunneling and horizontal directional drilling. To estimate the maximum forcing force, the pipeline profile is divided into a number of straight and curved sections. Then, starting from the exit point, the change in the axial compressive force for eachsection is calculated and summed up to the entry point to determine the maximum pushing force. The presence of low shear rates at the pipe-liquid interface, combined with the use of low-yield annular fluids, leads to small shearstresses that can be ignored from the point of view of the evaluation of the forcing force.

Theoretical study on mechanical evolution process of interface between gold electrode and pyridyl anchor group

Pyridyl-ended molecular junctions show high and low breaking forces successively in formation process and at the same time exhibit intriguing conductance switching behaviors. To understand the forming process of pyridyl-ended molecular junctions, the interaction between 4,4′-bipyridine molecule and gold electrode is studied by the <i>ab initio</i>-based adiabatic simulation method. The processes that the molecule moves away from electrode tip with different contact configurations are simulated, and the molecule-electrode interface evolutions, energy of the molecule-electrode system and the force between molecules and electrode are calculated in the simulations. The numerical results show that during the molecule moving away from the pyramid-shaped electrode, the pyridyl is easy to vertically adsorb on the second gold layer of the electrode tip. In this contact configurations, the tip Au atom deviates from the original position due to the lateral pushing force of the pyridyl. It needs about 1.3–1.5 nN stretching force for the pyridyl breaking from the second gold layer and switching to the tip Au atom, which is evidently larger than the force of 0.8–1.0 nN for the molecule breaking from the tip Au atom. This result is well consistent with the experimental observations, which thus reveals the relationship between the interface structures and the stretching force in the formation process of bipyridyl molecular junction in the experiment. The interaction between 4,4′-bipyridine molecule and plane-shaped gold electrode is very weak. It needs no more than 0.5 nN for the molecule breaking from the plane-shaped gold electrode. However, when the molecule adsorbs on the single Au atom which is adsorbed on the surface of plane-shaped electrode, the molecule can sustain 1.7 nN stretching force. Our study shows that the <i>ab initio</i>-based adiabatic stretching simulation method can not only reveal the geometric evolution process of molecule-electrode systems, but also identify the specific contact configurations between molecule and electrode.

Electrostatic Forces in Control of the Foamability of Nonionic Surfactant

Can the DLVO theory predict the foamability of flotation frothers as MIBC (methyl isobutyl carbinol)? The flotation froth is a multi-bubble system, in which the bubbles collide, thus either coalescing or rebounding. This scenario is driven by the hydrodynamic push force, pressing the bubbles towards each other, the electrostatic and van der Waals forces between the bubbles, and the occurrence of the precipitation of the dissolved air between the bubbles. We studied the foamability of 20 ppm MIBC at constant ionic strength I = 7.5 × 10−4 mol/L at different pH values in the absence and presence of modified silica particles, which were positively charged, thus covering the negatively charged bubbles. Hence, we observed an increase in the foamability with the increase in the pH value until pH = 8.3, beyond which it decreased. The electrostatic repulsion between the bubbles increased with the increase in the pH value, which caused the electrostatic stabilization of the froth and subsequently an increase in the foamability. The presence of the particles covering the bubbles boosted the foamability also due to the steric repulsion between the bubbles. The decrease in the foamability at pH > 8.3 can be explained by the fact that, under such conditions, the solubility of carbon dioxide vanished, thus making the aqueous solution supersaturated with carbon dioxide. This caused the precipitation of the latter and the emergence of microbubbles, which usually make the bubbles coalesce. Of course, our explanation remains a hypothesis.

STUDY OF AN ENERGY-SAVING DIE FOR RADIAL REDUCTION

Reducing the power of forging and pressing equipment is an important task of modern metal forming technologies. The article is devoted to the development and research of dies capable of significantly (tens or more times) reducing the power of the used forging and pressing equipment due to the use of energy-saving dies that can significantly increase the deforming force. A stamp capable of significantly increasing the deforming force is called energy-saving . The article shows that using different types of levers, it becomes possible to significantly increase the useful force of stamping tools acting on a deformable workpiece. Thus, it becomes possible to use relatively low-power pressing equipment to achieve significant forces of the working tool. Based on the given mathematical dependences of the geometric and power characteristics of the energy-saving stamp, a computer program was developed in MS Excel and modeling was carried out, with the help of which it was studied how the deforming force R changes depending on the change in the angle of inclination of the punches  and the corresponding graph was plotted at a predetermined constant pushing force F = 1 N. After analyzing the resulting graph, it can be argued that a tenfold increase in the deforming force R compared to the pushing force F, which is created by the pressing equipment, is observed at an angle of  = 5.35 degrees, fifty times at an angle of 1.1 degrees. At angles approaching 0 degrees, the increase in the deforming force can reach significant values and is limited only by the strength of the energy-saving stamp itself. Calculation formulas are given that allow calculating the main dimensions of the punches and the working stroke of the forging and pressing equipment for a given working stroke of the punches and a given increase in the deforming force. Possible areas of application of the energy- saving stamp are shown.

Thin-film dynamics unveils interplay between light momentum and fluid mechanics.

We quantitatively measure the nanomechanical dynamics of a water surface excited by the radiation pressure of a Gaussian/annular laser beam of incidence near total internal reflection (TIR). Notably, the radiation pressure near TIR allowed us to induce a pushing force (Abraham's momentum of light) for a wide annular Gaussian beam excitation of the thin-film regime of water, which, to the best of our knowledge, has never been observed with nanometric precision previously. Our finding suggests that the observation of either/both Abraham's and Minkowski's theories can be witnessed by the interplay between optics and fluid mechanics. Furthermore, we demonstrate the first, to the best of our knowledge, simultaneous measurement of Abraham's and Minkowski's momenta emerging in a single setup with a single laser shot. Our experimental results are strongly backed by numerical simulations performed with realistic experimental parameters and offer a broad range of light applications in optofluidics and light-actuated micromechanics.

Interactive 3D Force/Torque Parameter Acquisition and Correlation Identification during Primary Trocar Insertion in Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgery: 5 Cases.

Laparoscopic procedures have become indispensable in gastrointestinal surgery. As a minimally invasive process, it begins with primary trocar insertion. However, this step poses the threat of injuries to the gastrointestinal tract and blood vessels. As such, the comprehension of the insertion process is crucial to the development of robotic-assisted/automated surgeries. To sustain robotic development, this research aims to study the interactive force/torque (F/T) behavior between the trocar and the abdomen during the trocar insertion process. For force/torque (F/T) data acquisition, a trocar interfaced with a six-axis F/T sensor was used by surgeons for the insertion. The study was conducted during five abdominal hernia surgical cases in the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. The real-time F/T data were further processed and analyzed. The fluctuation in the force/torque (F/T) parameter was significant, with peak force ranging from 16.83 N to 61.86 N and peak torque ranging from 0.552 Nm to 1.76 Nm. The force parameter was observed to positively correlate with procedural time, while torque was found to be negatively correlated. Although during the process a surgeon applied force and torque in multiple axes, for a robotic system, the push and turn motion in a single axis was observed to be sufficient. For minimal tissue damage in less procedural time, a system with low push force and high torque was observed to be advantageous. These understandings will eventually benefit the development of computer-assisted or robotics technology to improve the outcome of the primary trocar insertion procedure.

Letter: Global Neurosurgery: The Pakistani Perspective.

Letter: Global Neurosurgery: The Pakistani Perspective.

ZnFe2O4 nanocomposite films for electromagnetic-triboelectric-piezoelectric effect-based hybrid multimodal nanogenerator

Hybridizing the pre-existing energy harvesting techniques in a single device is in focus nowadays to improve the electrical output of energy harvesting device. This work uses a versatile nanocomposite films comprises cuboctahedron zinc ferrite nanoparticles (CZF NPs) and polymer matrix as energy harvesting layers to implement a hybrid multimodal nanogenerator (HNG) of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG), and an electromagnetic nanogenerator (EMG). Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) were used as polymer matrix materials of two different nanocomposite films. With embedded multi-spiral coil structuring, CZF NPs @PDMS composite film works for the EMG and the TENG. Furthermore, ferroelectric CZF NPs @PVDF composite film produces piezoelectric output by pushing force, serving as the PENG. Our HNG provides an efficient multimodal energy harvesting as the integrated nanogenerators generate high output power with not only high output voltage, but also low internal electrical impedance with three different working modes including non-contact mode, contact-separation mode, and non-separation mode in response to the external mechanical pushing force and its release. We believe that these techniques can realize the commercial application of flexible hybrid nanogenerators.

Graphene plasmons on attenuated total reflection structures: a route to achieve large optical pushing or pulling force intensities in the terahertz region

The ability to control optomechanical interactions at subwavelength levels is of key relevance in modern optics. The present work focuses on the improvement of the force exerted on a dielectric nanoparticle placed near an attenuated total reflection structure containing graphene. Our results show that this force is highly dependent on the angle of incidence of the impinging plane wave, and it can be enhanced by nearly three orders of magnitude when this angle coincides with that of the critical total internal reflection and that corresponding to the excitation of surface plasmons along the graphene layer. New effects are found in these angular regions where the induced elliptical polarizability on the nanoparticle provides an asymmetric excitation of electromagnetic modes that generates a pulling (attractive) component whose magnitude is comparable to that of the pushing (repulsive) force provided by the incident field. As a consequence and contrary to what happens for large separation distances, an asymmetric response with respect to the angle of incidence arises for short distances for which the force on the particle is described by curves having a maximum and a minimum. Our results can contribute to a better understanding of polarization dependent interactions between nanoparticles and electromagnetic mode fields for taking advantage of them in nanoparticle manipulation applications.

Does the context matter? Responsible Leadership in Latin America. A Literature Review.

Although it is a relatively new concept, the literature on responsible leadership has gained prominence. Some systematic reviews have been published but none have focused on analyzing the Latin American context or tried to establish the role that it can play in the emergence of this phenomenon. This article reviewed the research on responsible leadership in Latin America and established two specific roles: On the one hand, the context can act as a pushing force, promoting the moral development of a responsible leader; on the other hand, the context can act as a pulling force that demands the emergence of responsible leaders. This research lays the foundations for research on responsible leadership in Latin America and highlights the importance of the context in its appearance, particularly in developing economies.

Effects of residential push–pull factors on tenants' intentions to relocate from megacities: Evidence from a Beijing, China survey

In China, tenants' residential relocations always present diverse spatial-temporal tendencies and are highly influenced by disadvantages of origin (push) and attractiveness of destination (pull). This paper aims to construct a relocation intention (RI) model and estimate the effects of residential push–pull factors on tenants' RIs, such as the household registration system (hukou), homeownership status, and residential dissatisfaction. The empirical research relies on a questionnaire-based survey of 2187 tenants conducted in 2019 in Beijing, China. Our findings confirm that non-local hukou status significantly pushes female and unmarried tenants to relocate, and non-local homeownership noticeably pulls male and married tenants' relocation. These two factors also significantly influence the RIs of tenants without higher education. For tenants younger than 35, non-local hukou status shows a strong pushing force, but non-local homeownership does not present notable differences by age. Additionally, residential dissatisfaction significantly pushes tenants' RIs and has a moderating effect on non-local homeownership. Moreover, for tenants who have explicit relocation intentions, non-local hukou status plays a vital role in shortening their intended stay before their actual relocation.

Effect of high level grip-and push force and elevated arm posture on the zh-axis hand-arm impedance

In this study, we investigated the effect of grip forces, push forces and two arm postures on the biodynamic response of the human hand-arm system for vibration excitation along the forearm axis. Knowledge about the biodynamic response, in this case the mechanical impedance, is important for understanding the dynamic human-machine interaction and developing human models. The current state of research lacks information about the effect of high grip forces, push forces, and an overhead hand-arm posture on the mechanical impedance. In this study, we measured the mechanical impedance of 30 subjects with an electromechanical shaker in translational direction along the forearm axis. We investigated the influence of grip-forces (30 & 135 N), push-forces (50 & 110 N), arm postures (shoulder flexion 0° & 90°) as well as the respective effect sizes in the range of 10–500 Hz. The investigated factors have a significant influence (p < .01) depending on the vibration frequency. The arm posture had a significant influence in the low frequency range with a weak effect size, while push forces affected the MI in a medium frequency range with a medium to strong effect size. Grip forces had a strong effect at low and high frequencies. The findings from this study contribute to the general understanding of hand-arm dynamics but also serve as an input for the development of mechanical and simulation models of the human hand-arm system which can be used to assess vibrations during development of hand held machinery.

Preparation of a composite hydrogel of polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan fiber with anisotropic properties for sustained drug release

AbstractHydrogel with anisotropic properties has promising potentials, while its fabrication is still challenging. In this work, chitosan fiber (CF) was designed to reinforce polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel anisotropically. First, CF was pre‐treated in a weak acidic buffer to create rough surface as well as outward‐stretched chitosan chain end segments, and then mixed with PVA in solution. A PVA/CFs composite hydrogel was thereafter prepared by casting the mixture with a pushing force followed by freeze‐thawing cycles. The microstructure of the composite hydrogel was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and its mechanical properties at the directions parallel to and perpendicular to the casting force were measured. Our results indicate that the pre‐treated CF can reinforce the PVA hydrogel effectively, especially along the casting force direction. The tensile strength, breaking elongation and toughness of the composite hydrogel with only 0.2% CFs at the parallel direction reach 175%, 117% and 244% those of the PVA hydrogel, respectively. The anisotropic reinforcement effect has been understood by the orientating of CFs and the interfacial bonding between the CFs and the PVA matrix. Moreover, bovine serum albumin was released sustainably from the anisotropic hydrogel to indicate its potential application.

Design and evaluation of an MRI-ready, self-propelled needle for prostate interventions.

Prostate cancer diagnosis and focal laser ablation treatment both require the insertion of a needle for biopsy and optical fibre positioning. Needle insertion in soft tissues may cause tissue motion and deformation, which can, in turn, result in tissue damage and needle positioning errors. In this study, we present a prototype system making use of a wasp-inspired (bioinspired) self-propelled needle, which is able to move forward with zero external push force, thereby avoiding large tissue motion and deformation. Additionally, the actuation system solely consists of 3D printed parts and is therefore safe to use inside a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. The needle consists of six parallel 0.25-mm diameter Nitinol rods driven by the actuation system. In the prototype, the self-propelled motion is achieved by advancing one needle segment while retracting the others. The advancing needle segment has to overcome a cutting and friction force while the retracting needle segments experience a friction force in the opposite direction. The needle self-propels through the tissue when the friction force of the five retracting needle segments overcomes the sum of the friction and cutting forces of the advancing needle segment. We tested the performance of the prototype in ex vivo human prostate tissue inside a preclinical MRI system in terms of the slip ratio of the needle with respect to the prostate tissue. The results showed that the needle was visible in MR images and that the needle was able to self-propel through the tissue with a slip ratio in the range of 0.78-0.95. The prototype is a step toward self-propelled needles for MRI-guided transperineal laser ablation as a method to treat prostate cancer.

Optical pulling and pushing forces via Bloch surface waves

For flexible tailoring of optical forces, as well as for extraordinary optomechanical effects, additional degrees of freedom should be introduced into a system. Here, we demonstrate that photonic crystals are a versatile platform for optical manipulation due to both Bloch surface waves (BSWs) and the complex character of the reflection coefficient paving a way for controlled optomechanical interactions. We demonstrate enhanced pulling and pushing transversal optical forces acting on a single dipolar bead above a one-dimensional photonic crystal due to directional excitation of BSWs. Our results demonstrate angle- or wavelength-assisted switching between BSW-induced optical pulling and pushing forces. Easy to fabricate for any desired spectral range, photonic crystals are shown to be prospective for precise optical sorting of nanoparticles, which are difficult to sort with conventional optomechanical methods. Our approach opens opportunities for novel, to the best of our knowledge, optical manipulation schemes and platforms, and enhanced light-matter interaction in optical trapping setups.

Compare the Differences of Head Strike Techniques between Different Standing Tobikomi Men Methods of Elite Female Kendo Athletes

&lt;p&gt;目的 : 針對不同重心站立法對女子劍道選手面部打擊技術之差異進行分析，以提升國內女子劍道選手技術水準。方法：以十名女子劍道選手為研究參與者，平均年齡 25.9 &amp;plusmn; 7.1歲、平均身高 160.2 &amp;plusmn; 4cm、平均體重 56.3 &amp;plusmn; 9.6kg、運動年齡 11.5 &amp;plusmn; 7.4年。在測力板上分別使用重心在前與重心在後兩種站立法，進行面部打擊，並同步使用 6部高速攝影機分析打擊過程。以成對樣本 t 檢定，分析重心水平位移、重心垂直位移、下蹲期重心垂直位移、竹劍垂直擺盪位移、整體打擊時間、離地瞬間重心水平速度、離地瞬間重心垂直速度、最大推蹬力等參數，以標準差、平均數、t值與 p值呈現結果，顯著水準設為 &amp;alpha; = .05。結果：不同重心站立法在重心垂直 (p = .005)和水平 (p = .010)位移達顯著差異、後腳推蹬反作用力有顯著差異 (p = .022)，重心在前站立法推蹬地面反作用力 (1.63 BW%) 大於重心在後站立法 (1.55 BW%)，重心在後站立法進行攻擊，有較小的重心垂直位移 (8.90cm)，和較大的重心水平位移 (53.90cm)。結論：重心在後站立法是較合適選擇的站立法，攻擊動作較為穩定，而重心在前站立法則是能提供較大的推蹬力。在比賽場上採用重心在後站立法時，有較好的攻擊動作穩定性，且在重心水平位移與重心垂直位移表現皆優於重心在前站立法，此結果提供教練或選手作訓練及比賽參考，以提升運動表現。&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Purpose: This study is to analyze the differences of head strike techniques between different Standing Tobikomi Men Methods of female kendo athletes in order to improve the development of domestic kendo. Methods: 10 female kendo athletes were recruited in this study, with an average age of 25.9 &amp;plusmn; 7.1 years, an average height of 160.2 &amp;plusmn; 4 cm, an average weight of 56.3 &amp;plusmn; 9.6 kg, and an average sports age of 11.5 &amp;plusmn; 7.4 years. All participants conducted head strikes on the force plate with 2 different standing methods, one with body weight on the front foot (front standing), the other with body weight on the back foot (back standing), and 6 high-speed cameras were used to analyze the strike at the same time. Paired sample T test was used to analyze the following parameters: horizontal and vertical displacement of center of gravity (COG), the vertical displacement of the center of gravity during the squatting period, the vertical displacement of the bamboo sword, the overall strike time, the horizontal instantaneous speed of COG at the moment of leaving the ground, the maximum pushing force. Data was presented as standard deviation, mean, t-value, and p-value, with the level of significance set at &amp;alpha; = .05. Results: There were significant differences in vertical (p = .005) and horizontal (p = .010) displacement of the center of gravity, and in the reaction force of the back foot (p = .022). The ground reaction force during pushing off is greater in the front standing (1.63 BW%) than the back standing (1.55 BW%). The back standing had smaller vertical displacement of COG (8.90 cm) and larger horizontal displacement of COG than the front standing method. Conclusions: The back standing is more suitable to conduct head strike with the strikes being more stable. While front standing could provide greater pushing force. The back standing makes the strike more stable and both the horizontal and vertical displacement of COG were smaller than front standing. The founding of this study could provide coaches and athletes a reference to improve performance when training and competing&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

Rapid in situ nondestructive evaluation of lodging risk in dryland agronomic wheat research

AbstractThe natural occurrence of lodging in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in small‐plot research aiming to record visual ratings is unpredictable highly dependent on environmental conditions, and does not differentiate between root and shoot lodging. Detailed plant characteristics can be used to indicate lodging risk; however, such measurements are destructive and time‐consuming for projects that are not focused solely on evaluating lodging. The Stalker, a push force meter, can be used nondestructively to rapidly indicate stem strength and elasticity, which may be useful for measuring lodging risk in small‐plot research to indicate both root and shoot lodging. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of the Stalker to detect agronomic management practices that are known to reduce lodging risk (reduced plant density, split nitrogen applications, and plant growth regulator applications). Stalk strength (resisting force) and elasticity (spike displacement, energy, and power) measurements were taken at anthesis and physiological maturity in a small‐plot agronomic research trial. The Stalker was able to identify practices with high and low lodging risk. Lower plant density led to increased stem strength (measured by resisting force) and stem flexibility (measured by spike displacement) compared with high plant densities, indicating a decreased risk of both stem and root lodging when low plant densities were used. Overall, the Stalker is a new tool for rapid and nondestructive measurements of lodging risk in small‐plot agronomic research trials and can indicate both stem and root lodging risk by measuring indicators of both stem strength and elasticity.

Actin network architecture can ensure robust centering or sensitive decentering of the centrosome.

The orientation of cell polarity depends on the position of the centrosome, the main microtubule-organizing center (MTOC). Microtubules (MTs) transmit pushing forces to the MTOC as they grow against the cell periphery. How the actin network regulates these forces remains unclear. Here, in a cell-free assay, we used purified proteins to reconstitute the interaction of a microtubule aster with actin networks of various architectures in cell-sized microwells. In the absence of actin filaments, MTOC positioning was highly sensitive to variations in microtubule length. The presence of a bulk actin network limited microtubule displacement, and MTOCs were held in place. In contrast, the assembly of a branched actin network along the well edges centered the MTOCs by maintaining an isotropic balance of pushing forces. An anisotropic peripheral actin network caused the MTOC to decenter by focusing the pushing forces. Overall, our results show that actin networks can limit the sensitivity of MTOC positioning to microtubule length and enforce robust MTOC centering or decentering depending on the isotropy of its architecture.

Valorization of wastewater through microalgae as a prospect for generation of biofuel and high-value products

Environmental pollution and freshwater crisis are the main pushing forces for upgrading new insights in wastewater treatment . Wastewater generated from different sources is an abundant source of various nutrients; their recovery could be a better perspective to compensate for the demands of the increasing population. Physicochemical or bacterial wastewater treatment processes are inefficient in removing nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P), are highly energy demanding, and generate secondary sludge . Microalgae offer a better alternative in wastewater treatment because they can consume different inorganic components in wastewater, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and some metals for growth and biomass production . They accomplish pollutants removal coupled with the production of valuable biomass for the generation of bioenergy and commercial products in an eco-friendly manner. The present review focuses on the details of different types of wastewater along with various challenges of microalgal cultivation systems applied in wastewater treatment. The improvements and recent advances in the remediation of wastewater involving microalgae are discussed. Different microalgal growth models and photorespirometry to assess the overall functioning of microalgae in wastewater are also summarized. Furthermore, various industrially important products that can be sustainably obtained from microalgal biomass through wastewater bioremediation are also highlighted. Finally, future perspectives in this field are presented. • In-depth insights into wastewaters bioremediation through microalgae are reviewed. • Mechanisms involved in the microalgal bioremediation of wastewater are discussed. • Challenges and prospects of microalgae-based treatment processes are presented. • Such dual benefit techniques serve towards bioremediation and value added products.