Folk Tales Research Articles

Translation and Analysis of Folk Tales in the Municipality of Libjo, Dinagat Island into the Filipino Language

This study aims to document and analyze the folk tales in the municipality of Libjo, Dinagat Island. The researcher seeks to collect folk tales from various barangays in the town to discover terms that symbolize two types of culture: material and non-material. The lessons learned from these tales may be linked to the Department of Education’s curriculum, especially in the context of local culture.The researcher employed qualitative methods, particularly content analysis and historical analysis, to thoroughly examine the beliefs, traditions, and customs embedded in the folk tales. Of the sixteen (16) barangays in Libjo, thirteen (13) were found to have folk tales, with two (2) barangays possessing three (3) tales each. Among the collected stories are "Liboo," "Kaliring," and "Banderitas" from Barangay Albor; "Biyayang Anak" and "Bangka" from Barangay Arellano; "Hawak Kamay" and "Buhay na Batis" from Barangay Bayanihan; "Busilak na Puso" from Barangay Doña Helen; "Ubogon" from Barangay Llamera; "Damong Ga-as" from Barangay Garcia; and "Maliit na Amerika" from Barangay Magsaysay. These tales are rich in culture and contain lessons that are relevant to the K to 12 educational system. The researcher recommended that the collected stories be published to be part of the teaching and promotion of local culture, and to encourage teachers to create instructional materials based on local literary works. “Ang pag-aaral na ito ay naglalayong maidokumento at masuri ang mga kwentong bayan sa munisipalidad ng Libjo, Isla ng Dinagat. Layunin ng mananaliksik na makalikom ng mga kwentong bayan mula sa iba’t ibang barangay ng lungsod upang madiskubre ang mga katawagang sumasagisag sa dalawang uri ng kultura: ang materyal at di-materyal. Ang mga natutunang aral mula sa mga kwentong ito ay maaaring maiugnay sa mga aralin ng Departamento ng Edukasyon, lalo na sa konteksto ng kulturang lokal. Gumamit ang mananaliksik ng kuwalitatibong pamamaraan, partikular ang pagsusuri sa nilalaman (content analysis) at pagsusuring historikal upang masusing pag-aralan ang mga paniniwala, tradisyon, at kaugalian na bumabalot sa mga kuwentong bayan. Mula sa labing-anim (16) na barangay sa Libjo, labintatlo (13) dito ang may kuwentong bayan, kung saan dalawa (2) sa mga barangay ay nagtataglay ng tatlong (3) kuwento. Kabilang sa mga nalikom na kwento ay ang "Liboo," "Kaliring," at "Banderitas" mula sa Barangay Albor; "Biyayang Anak" at "Bangka" ng Barangay Arellano; "Hawak Kamay" at "Buhay na Batis" ng Barangay Bayanihan; "Busilak na Puso" ng Barangay Doña Helen; "Ubogon" ng Barangay Llamera; "Damong Ga-as" ng Barangay Garcia; at "Maliit na Amerika" ng Barangay Magsaysay. Ang mga kwentong ito ay mayaman sa kultura, at naglalaman ng mga aral na makabuluhan sa konteksto ng K to 12 na sistema ng edukasyon. Ang mga nalikom na kwento ay inirekomenda ng mananaliksik na ilathala, upang maging bahagi ng pagtuturo at pagpapalaganap ng lokal na kultura, at upang hikayatin ang mga guro na lumikha ng mga kagamitang panturo na nakabatay sa mga lokal na akdang pampanitikan.”

DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATION WITH PEERS WITH THE HELP OF GAMES IN EARLY AGE CHILDREN

The article deals with the formation and development of early-age children's communication with their peers. It is noted that various games can be used for this: games with pairs, games with several peers, joint games using objects, etc. In addition, you can also enjoy the games that reflect the elements of Azerbaijani national games and folk tales. Each of these games contributes to the emergence and development of a mutually positive relationship between young children.

“Are You Quite Sure They Gave You Them All?”John Edward Crombie and the Personal Papers of the Rev. Walter Gregor (1825-97)

Regional studies, Aberdeenshire, Walter Gregor, Folk Lore Society, Folk-Lore Journal, New Spalding Club, John Edward Crombie, John William Crombie, Custom, Calendar Custom, Folk tale, Proverbs, Rites of passage, Fishing, Farming, Material culture, Scottish culture, Ethnology, Folklore

Parables for planetary crisis: storytelling and multispecies migration in Amitav Ghosh’s Gun Island

Throughout his oeuvre, Amitav Ghosh deals with storytelling and migration. Exploring legacies of empire and entanglements between the human and non-human world, his writing is driven by an ethical imperative to excavate “forgotten” stories, and, especially in his later texts, to find new forms of storytelling suited to capture pasts, presents, and futures shaped by a growing sense of planetary crisis. Gun Island (2019), a generic mix of personal quest narrative, thriller, romance, and folk tale, depicts a world disrupted by different forms of multispecies migration. Linking the Indian subcontinent, the US, and Europe, it chronicles voluntary and forced journeys of humans and animals between the Global North and South, intertwining refugee and climate crises in the Mediterranean and Bangladesh with the morally charged legend of the gun merchant, a seventeenth-century world traveller. The text brings current and historical links between migration and climate change, which are comparatively rarely treated in literary fiction, into sharp focus. As this essay argues, it highlights specifically the need to broaden the notion of migration literature and its subgenres to include both human and animal migration and the impact of globalization and current realities of climate change. Exploring genre and poetics in Gun Island, this essay reads the novel against the broader aesthetic and cultural-historical arguments made in Ghosh’s The Great Derangement (2016) and The Nutmeg’s Curse (2021). To explore Ghosh’s poetics, which fuse everyday realism with the uncanny, the improbable, and the mythical, this essay also draws on Thom van Dooren and Deborah Bird Rose’s notions of “ethography”. It argues that Gun Island, as a multispecies climate migration novel, responds to the author’s call for a rediscovery of storytelling beyond Western-style realism or SF, as a means to capture human and non-human subjectivities and to undo demarcations between rationality and spirituality.

PSYCHOANALYTIC SYMBOLISM OF THE UKRAINIAN FOLK TALE (FROM THE THEORY OF K. G. JUNG TO THE PRACTICE OF SOCIAL WORK)

The fairy tale, despite the antiquity of its origin, or precisely because of it, remains relevant at all times, in particular in connection with the ways and means of solving difficult life circumstances clearly outlined in it, which have currently acquired a total scale in Ukraine, immersed in the rf border situation of war. After all, the Ukrainian folk tale is a container of both symbols that require philosophical reflection and concrete solutions to urgent social problems, the minimization/overcoming of which is aimed at the professional activity of social work specialists. A fairy tale is a repository of archetypes of the collective unconscious, the symbolism of which needs its own awareness. In this regard, the object of this study is a Ukrainian folk tale, and the goal is to analyze the specifics of the image of the Old Man (Grandfather) and his activities, which are always directly related to overcoming difficult life circumstances of the main character. The research is carried out at the intersection of two aspects - psychoanalysis and social work. It is noted that the Swiss psychiatrist emphasizes the actualization in difficult life circumstances of the potential internally hidden in each person, which directly contains the archetypes of the collective unconscious, in particular the archetype of the Spirit (Animus), or «old sage». During the research, the following important points were clarified. First, according to the views of K. G. Jung, at the moment when the fairy-tale hero is experiencing the «peak» of a difficult life circumstance, advice and help comes from the Old Man-Magician, which is a form of personified thought, since the ability for self-reflection and acceptance of wise words is inherent in human nature decisions, in particular those made taking into account moral principles. Secondly, in the case when the hero is not capable of self-reflection and has not yet acquired wisdom, in particular due to clouding of the mind caused by illness, short years, lack of life experience, etc., advice and help is provided by specialists in social work, the functions of which, in my opinion, are performed by the fabulous Elders, who are always Wizards for the needy. In the future, this article will serve as a psychoanalytic basis for the study of Ukrainian folk tales from the standpoint of K. G. Jung’s teachings on the phenomenology of the spirit in fairy tales and will contribute to the formation of a positive the image of a specialist in social work.

Timun Mas “Melestarikan Budaya Lewat Cerita Rakyat”

Efforts to increase interest in reading and to preserve culture, especially traditional culture, which is increasingly marginalized day by day. need to reintroduce good moral values ​​for children. Therefore, the folklore of Timun Mas has content and benefits in instilling moral values ​​in life to determine whether an action is good or not in everyday life. The character values ​​in the folk tale "Timun Mas" are religious, honest, disciplined, hard working, creative, independent, curious, communicative, peace-loving and responsible. With these character values, this story can be an example for readers, especially children who really like stories as bedtime stories.

Marvel in the Algerian Folk Tale: ‘The Tale of Djamila and the Ogre’

The concept of Marvel has emerged as a significant term in contemporary discourse, leading to considerable debate due to its intersection with other related concepts. It is essential to highlight the close relationship between the term Marvel and folk literature, given the distinctive nature of folk literature characterized by its incorporation of Marvel in its characters, settings, and themes. This study aims to delve into the notion of the folk tale and subsequently identify instances of marvel in a tale drawn from Algerian heritage, through the analysis of a specific model entitled The Tale of Djamila and the Ogre

Preserving South Asian Tribal Legacies: Exploring Oral Traditions, Traditional Spoken Narratives and Folk Tales

In South Asia, spoken narratives and folktales act as intangible forms of knowledge transfer. However, in recent years, the region’s once-flourishing oral culture has been sidelined by imperialism, modernization, and the dominance of print and tangible archives. Despite this, some tribes have managed to preserve their oral archives and continue to sustain the process of knowledge transfer through the spoken word. This paper delves into examples of such communities and argues that they challenge several Western premises while exercising agency over their own epistemic material. Additionally, the paper highlights the need to decolonize archival efforts in the digital age and suggests ways in which scholars can ensure that a tribe's knowledge systems are appropriately showcased, shared, and represented.

백령도 설화의 유형과 특징 및 공동체 의식

Based on the types and characteristics of the stories, this paper aims to examine the community consciousness of the Baengnyeongdo(白翎島) residents who are the storytellers. As a result, the stories were categorized into ‘Simcheong(沈淸) Folk Tales’, ‘Inshingonghee(人身供犧) Folk Tales’, ‘Baengnyeongdo Place-name Origin Folk Tales’, ‘Sunghwang(城隍) Folktales’, and ‘Gogae Folk Tales’. The ‘Simcheong Folk Tales’ is a story that was created by associating the lotus flower and Indangsu, which are important motifs in the novel Simcheongjeon(深靑傳) , with the place names of Baengnyeongdo, and the story was created under the influence of the novel, as opposed to the usual creation of Pansori novels. The ‘InshinGonghui Folk Tales’ confirms that the sea off Baengnyeongdo is quite rough and that Baengnyeongdo has served as an important stopover on the route to and from China since the Unified Silla(新羅). The ‘Baengnyeongdo Place-name Origin Folk Tales’ confirms that Baengnyeongdo was under the influence of the Hwanghaedo(黃海道) and was a place of exile. The ‘Sunghwang Folk Tales’ is related to the Seonghwangdang(城 隍堂) in Danggae, which has a history of more than 400 years since the middle of the Joseon Dynasty, and is the only story that contains folk beliefs on Baengnyeongdo, where many traditional beliefs have disappeared. Lastly, the ‘Gogae Folk Tales’ was a type of tale that meant to break away from existing customs and ideas. Next, we examined the community consciousness of Baengnyeongdo based on the characteristics of each type. The results showed that, first, there was a community consciousness that sought to reflect the perception of Baengnyeongdo as a place of filial piety. This was seen as a reflection of the storytellers’ intention to create an image of Baengnyeongdo as a place of filial piety by fixating on the image of Simcheong as a filial daughter as the main reason for the creation of the ‘Simcheong Folk Tales’. Second, there was a sense of community that reflected pride as a stopover on the route to China. This was mainly manifested in the ‘InshinGonghee Folk Tales’, which reflected the community’s sense that Baengnyeongdo was a stopover point on the way to China and that its help was essential for a safe voyage. Third, Baengnyeongdo was oriented toward Hwanghaedo, and there was a sense of community that was recognized as a place of exile. Since Baengnyeongdo was under the influence of Hwanghaedo, the inhabitants of Baengnyeongdo were oriented toward the neighboring inland Hwanghaedo, and it can be said that the community consciousness reflected a sense of pride to emphasize that it was a place of learning and virtue as an exile. Lastly, Baengnyeongdo was a place where foreign religions were introduced early on, so there was a sense of community that regarded folk beliefs as superstition. This was confirmed by the fact that although Baengnyeongdo is an island, unlike other islands, there are few stories related to folk beliefs such as the Pungeoje(豊漁祭).

Folk Tales, Sufism and Spiritualism in Balochistan: A Case Study of Mast Tawakali

Folk Tales, Sufism and Spiritualism in Balochistan: A Case Study of Mast Tawakali

Pragmalinguistic Aspect of the Concepts “oath”, “swear”, “promise” in the Kazakh Folk Tales

The concepts such as “to be a man of one's word”, “to keep one's word”, “fulfill one's promise” are prevalent in Kazakh folk tales in the mentality of the Kazakh people are widely used in Kazakh folk tales, and they appear as an important language unit used in the regulation of human relations in the Kazakh society. Because the spiritual concepts “oath”, “swear” and “promise”, considered as “a universal event” are concepts used by societies to create feelings of trust and persuasion among individuals. The paper deals with the spiritual concepts of “oath”, “swear” and “promise” in tales from the view of a pragmatic perspective. The authors also describe the traditions and ceremonies related to “oath” in nomadic Turkish culture and analyze spiritual concepts of “oath”, and “swear”, “promise”, which have a sacred value for Turkish society. As a result of the study, the findings regarding the concepts of “oath”, “swear” and “promise” in Kazakh folk tales, which play an important role in transferring the traditions and customs and cultural heritage of our people from generation to generation, as well as the legal, magical, religious, "pure" ethical rituals used commonly in the nomadic lifestyle were presented. In the paper it is stated that the speech acts in the analysed tales have a special place in terms of pragmatic meaning and it is revealed that the role of the concepts of “oath”, “swear” and “promise” in regulating the relationships between people and society has changed over time, their the sсope of use and stylistic color have changed, and they have acquired different semantic dimensions. Furthermore, it is concluded that the semantic development of the word can reflect the development of human cognition.

BEYOND SURFACE: EXPLORING POLITICS IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE

This paper explores the complex interplay between body politics and children's literature across cultures and time. By analyzing accounts from assorted social and cultural settings and historical periods, the paper validates how these apparently naive stories replicate and form societal standards, outlooks, and power undercurrents associated with the human body. From traditional folk tales to present-day literature, the analysis highlights how children's literature can both strengthen and challenge societal typecasts, endorse body positivity, and sanction young readers to critically participate in cultural representations. The paper also considers the role of neuroscience in understanding how children's brains process and respond to narratives about the body, emphasizing the importance of culturally sensitive and inclusive approaches to children's literature.

Six Paramitas Sutra and the Ancient Chinese and Korean Folk Tales and Novels

Six Paramitas Sutra and the Ancient Chinese and Korean Folk Tales and Novels

АНАЛИЗ ЭТНОФОЛЬКЛОРНЫХ СВЕДЕНИЙ, СВЯЗАННЫХ С ПОХИЩЕНИЕМ НЕВЕСТЫ В КАРАКАЛПАКСКОМ ФОЛЬКЛОРЕ

This article is devoted to the study of the custom of kyz alyp kashyu – kidnapping a girl, which has been preserved among the Karakalpaks to the present. The causes, forms and types have been identified. The peculiar features and place in wedding ceremonies are determined. Also, the article analyzes the historical and ethnographic motifs that testify to the ancient forms of bride kidnapping. Karakalpak folklore represents the most archaic layers of wedding rituals and traditions. In particular, folk tales, legends, and epics have preserved motifs related to marriage based on stealing the bride. In the work, the author shows with the help of ethnofolklore materials that the early types of bride kidnapping preserved in the texts of the Karakalpak epics differ from modern times. The motif zhaylap alyngan ҳayal or olzha ҳayal (“trophy woman”) in the Karakalpak epics has an archaic character, which is inherent mainly in the military-democratic period. One of the main requirements of a military-democratic society is the custom of kidnapping the women of the defeated side and marrying them. In another way, predatory marriage, marriage by capture, kidnapping, abduction of women is a primitive, very common form of marriage, in which the marriage union is established by forcibly (actually or feigningly) capturing a woman. These motifs are found in various variants. One of the plots that is characteristic of Karakalpak folklore is the unauthorized departure of a girl to her lover or the staging of her abduction by prior mutual consent, which is widespread among Karakalpaks today. The abduction of the bride is staged with or without the consent of the parents. According to the author of the article, the motifs associated with kidnapping the bride are peculiar not only to Karakalpak folklore, but also to other peoples and ethnic groups. This gives us the opportunity to discover the similarities and interrelationships of the Karakalpak people with other peoples. In addition, the author interprets the results of analyses of images associated with the motif of kidnapping the bride in such epics as Yedige, The Book of my grandfather Korkut, the legends Ketenler, Pedigree of Turkmen (Shazharai tarokima) and in field records conducted by the author.

Nilai-Nilai Moral pada Cerita Rakyat Desa Rantau Kalis dan Implementasi di SMA Karya Budi

This research describes the moral values in the folk tales of Rantau Kalis Village and their implementation in Indonesian language learning at Karya Budi High School, Kapuas Hulu Regency. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a sociological literature approach. Data were collected through direct communication, recording, observation, and documentary study techniques, using interview guides, recording devices, observation guides, and the researcher as the instrument. The results of the study show that moral values related to God are found in the stories "Liakung," "Bararu," and "Batu Rabor." Moral values related to oneself are found in "Liakung," "Tau Masek-Masek," "Bararu," "Batu Rabor," and "Mantusan Tampurung Amas." Moral values related to fellow humans are found in "Baling Bunga dan Bunga Lita," "Tau Masek-Masek," "Batu Rabor," "Bararu," "Liakung," and "Bintang Talu." The implementation of learning at Karya Budi High School has been well executed, with students able to find implicit and explicit meanings in the folk tales, as evidenced by their assignments. These moral values help shape better student character. Additionally, folk tale-based learning makes students more interested and motivated in learning.

Revisiting Enlightenment Universalism: 18th-Century Lessons on Nonliteral Translations and Transcultural Storytelling

A large number of transcultural fictions appeared in the 18th century, providing us with an important entry into discussing the task of comparative literature today. The 18th-century Oriental tales, stories authored by European writers that adapted from or modeled themselves after loose translations of folk tales from the East, practiced a kind of mental shapeshifting, blurring the boundaries between East and West. The same kind of cross-cultural identification is visible in many other literary narratives from the same period, indicative of a fluid, universalist politics regarding Europe’s relations with the Orient that requires reevaluation. 18th-century transcultural fictions suggest a few tactics for mediating between the necessity of establishing grounds of comparison and the need to draw distinctions. In its search for ways of breaking through the stronghold of cultural nationalism, comparative literature in its contemporary incarnation does well to rethink Enlightenment universalism as encoded in the literary landscape of 18th century Europe.

Nilai-Nilai Seni, Budaya, Dan Pendidikan Karakter Pada Cerita Rakyat Patih Sampun Asal Kabupaten Pemalang

Folklore is not only part of a region's cultural heritage, but also carries moral messages that are valuable for character education. One of the folk tales that is rich in artistic values ​​and character education is the legend of Patih Sampun from Pemalang Regency. This article aims to explore and analyze the artistic, cultural and character education values ​​contained in these folk tales. The research method used is analysis of the Patih Sampun folklore text based on aspects of narrative art, character traits and the moral message conveyed. The results of the analysis show that Patih Sampun's folklore contains various artistic values, such as the use of distinctive language, depictions of nature and local culture, as well as interesting plot developments. Apart from that, Patih Sampun's character as the main character shows qualities such as courage, wisdom and loyalty, which is a good example for character formation for the younger generation. The meaning implied in this article includes the importance of using folklore as a learning resource to educate children's character. By understanding the values ​​of art and character education contained in the Patih Sampun folklore, educators can integrate the story into the character education curriculum at school. This will help strengthen local cultural identity and shape strong character and integrity in future generations.

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Hikayat Berbantuan Media Renderforest untuk Meningkatkan HOTS Siswa Kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Patumbak

This study aimed to develop folklore teaching materials (sagas/hikayat) assisted by Renderforest media to improve the thinking skills of students in class X PPLG 1, X PPLG 2, and X BDP 1 at SMK Negeri 1 Patumbak. Using a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation), data were collected through observations and questionnaires. The results showed that the teaching materials for folk tales (saga) assisted by Renderforest media were rated "Very Eligible" (97%) by media experts and "Decent" (76%) by teachers. A field test with 66 students from class X PPLG 2 demonstrated the effectiveness of the teaching materials, with activity tests and evaluations yielding an "effective" rating (81%). These findings suggest that integrating Renderforest media into folklore teaching materials can significantly enhance students' higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). Further research is recommended to explore the long-term impacts of these teaching materials on students' learning outcomes across different subjects and grade levels.

Andai-Andai Folk Tale: A Tool to Promote Eco-Social Values among Children in Kedurang Community

Folk tales serve as a conduit for imparting knowledge concerning the natural environment and social mores to children. The 'Andai-Andai' folk tales within the context of Kedurang assumes a pivotal role in instilling ecological and societal principles in the succeeding generation. This study seeks to investigate the prevalence of the 'Andai-Andai' folk tales and its efficacy in instilling social acumen among students in Kedurang, Bengkulu. The research corpus comprises 'Andai-Andai' folk tales titled "The Clever Orphan," "The Promise of the Buffalo," and "The Buffalo and Beteri." The findings reveal a scarcity in the transmission of 'Andai-Andai' folk tales to the younger demographic. The 'Andai-Andai' folk tales epitomize commendable ecological and social values instilled in children from an early age. The monarch depicted in the 'Andai-Andai' folk tales emerges as a figure characterized by elevated social empathy, fostering community welfare and exemplifying effective leadership. Similarly, the character of Beteri embodies compassion towards others, serving as an exemplar of virtue and beauty. Furthermore, the orphan's portrayal depicts filial devotion towards his grandmother alongside devout religious observance. Additionally, the 'Andai-Andai' folk tales encapsulate the natural milieu of Kedurang, as evidenced by references to elements such as rice fields, buffalo, forests, villages, and rivers. The study findings underscore the significance of preserving 'Andai-Andai' folk tales and highlight community ardor towards this endeavor, recognizing these stories as repositories of environmental knowledge and moral values indispensable for posterity.

Mukha Shilpa (Mask Making) is the Artefact form of Assam

The north-eastern state of Assam is very rich in terms of diverse arts. Revolutionary great men in Assamese literature, culture, society and spiritual life The contribution of Shrimant Shankardev is unforgettable. His great works made this Strengthened the feeling of social and cultural unity in the area. He wrote Ramayana and translated Shrimad Bhagwat into Brajavali language.Vaishnavism in the North-East for propagation, Shankardev started Bargeet, Kirtan, Ankiya Naat (Bhaona) etc. Composed. There are two main forms of dance here – Bihu dance and Satriya dance. bihu dance The identity of Assam has become. All children and elders participate in this. Bihu dance is performed on the occasion of the festival. Bihu song also on this occasion are sung. The central theme of Bihu songs is love. Apart from this, in Assam many folk dances are prevalent. There are many art forms here in the form of songs, dance, drama etc. are present. Shankardev gave birth to many art forms, including dramatic art and mask art was prominent. Folk plays played an important role in the background of the Neovaishnav movement and its propagation. Folk theaters performed by women are also popular in Assam. Women express their feelings through these folk dramas. Assam also has a rich tradition of folk songs. Bihu is the representative folklore in this region. Through which the common people's passion, hope, Aspirations, joys and troubles take shape. The folk song 'Haidang' of Sonowal Kachari tribe is sung only by men. Various body movements and dance along with songs are the specialty of Haidang. Rabha community of Assam is very rich in terms of folk songs. The folk songs of Miri or Mising tribe are called 'Oi Neetom'.The life and culture of the people of this community has developed in the valley of Brahmaputra and Subansiri rivers. The communities here have a rich heritage of folklore. The folk tales here are full of supernatural incidents. Assam has been considered the center of Tantra-Mantra, witchcraft and spirituality. Therefore, Tantra-Mantras are included in folk tales. Apart from this, idioms and proverbs are also available in abundance.