백령도 설화의 유형과 특징 및 공동체 의식

Abstract

Based on the types and characteristics of the stories, this paper aims to examine the community consciousness of the Baengnyeongdo(白翎島) residents who are the storytellers. As a result, the stories were categorized into ‘Simcheong(沈淸) Folk Tales’, ‘Inshingonghee(人身供犧) Folk Tales’, ‘Baengnyeongdo Place-name Origin Folk Tales’, ‘Sunghwang(城隍) Folktales’, and ‘Gogae Folk Tales’. The ‘Simcheong Folk Tales’ is a story that was created by associating the lotus flower and Indangsu, which are important motifs in the novel Simcheongjeon(深靑傳) , with the place names of Baengnyeongdo, and the story was created under the influence of the novel, as opposed to the usual creation of Pansori novels. The ‘InshinGonghui Folk Tales’ confirms that the sea off Baengnyeongdo is quite rough and that Baengnyeongdo has served as an important stopover on the route to and from China since the Unified Silla(新羅). The ‘Baengnyeongdo Place-name Origin Folk Tales’ confirms that Baengnyeongdo was under the influence of the Hwanghaedo(黃海道) and was a place of exile. The ‘Sunghwang Folk Tales’ is related to the Seonghwangdang(城 隍堂) in Danggae, which has a history of more than 400 years since the middle of the Joseon Dynasty, and is the only story that contains folk beliefs on Baengnyeongdo, where many traditional beliefs have disappeared. Lastly, the ‘Gogae Folk Tales’ was a type of tale that meant to break away from existing customs and ideas. Next, we examined the community consciousness of Baengnyeongdo based on the characteristics of each type. The results showed that, first, there was a community consciousness that sought to reflect the perception of Baengnyeongdo as a place of filial piety. This was seen as a reflection of the storytellers’ intention to create an image of Baengnyeongdo as a place of filial piety by fixating on the image of Simcheong as a filial daughter as the main reason for the creation of the ‘Simcheong Folk Tales’. Second, there was a sense of community that reflected pride as a stopover on the route to China. This was mainly manifested in the ‘InshinGonghee Folk Tales’, which reflected the community’s sense that Baengnyeongdo was a stopover point on the way to China and that its help was essential for a safe voyage. Third, Baengnyeongdo was oriented toward Hwanghaedo, and there was a sense of community that was recognized as a place of exile. Since Baengnyeongdo was under the influence of Hwanghaedo, the inhabitants of Baengnyeongdo were oriented toward the neighboring inland Hwanghaedo, and it can be said that the community consciousness reflected a sense of pride to emphasize that it was a place of learning and virtue as an exile. Lastly, Baengnyeongdo was a place where foreign religions were introduced early on, so there was a sense of community that regarded folk beliefs as superstition. This was confirmed by the fact that although Baengnyeongdo is an island, unlike other islands, there are few stories related to folk beliefs such as the Pungeoje(豊漁祭).