Folk Tales Research Articles

« Sésame, ouvre-toi » : internationalisme phraséologique à contenu universel

Phraseological units, characterised by their opaque meaning, are the subject of multiple theoretical works. The following article adds to this discussion by providing another interesting example. It analyses the case of the Arabic phraseological unit ‘open sesame’ from the “Ali Baba and the Forty Thievesˮ folk tale, permeating into French, Italian, Polish, Turkish and Japanese – languages distant both linguistically and culturally. In each of the analysed languages, we can find the so-called absolute equivalents of the unit in question. Their analysis shows how a phraseological unit of a meaning rooted in a foreign culture enters a language that initially did not connote sesame with a ‘treasury’. Interestingly, the analysed unit became understandable enough to be re-used in other cultural sources, such as names of public places, or even to enter the target language dictionaries. However, as the corpus analysis suggests, the popularity of the unit in question varies between languages, being the most popular in Italian and the least in Japanese.

The Effects of the Change in the Production and Performance Forms of Minstrel-Style Folk Tales in Oral Tradition on the Tradition

The Effects of the Change in the Production and Performance Forms of Minstrel-Style Folk Tales in Oral Tradition on the Tradition

Viy in Nikolai Gogol’s Novella and Related Mythological Creatures in Ukrainian Folklore

This article examines Ukrainian folkloric parallels to Viy, a character in the horror novella of the same name by Nikolai Gogol. It is a formidable chthonic, demonic creature whose eyelids cover the eyes and need to be lifted, and the gaze sees what is hidden from others. Although the writer claimed that this character, like the entire plot of the story, was taken from Ukrainian folklore, some modern researchers claim that Viy is the author’s own invention. This is contradicted by folkloric data, primarily Ukrainian lore. Demonic characters with different names but with the same appearance and very similar functions as Viy appear in Ukrainian folk tales, legends and beliefs recorded in the 19th and 20th centuries. The plots have various degrees of closeness to the plot of Gogol’s story, showing that Viy is an authentic figure from Ukrainian folklore.

Нартовский эпос в осетинской детской драматургии: специфика межжанрового взаимодействия

The paper studies Nart epic motifs in Ossetian children’s drama. The aim of the research is to identify the features of inter-genre synthesis in the plays of Ossetian authors written for children. The scientific novelty of the paper lies in the fact that Ossetian children’s drama has become the subject of scholarly reflection for the first time. The following works were introduced into scientific use: ‘Фын’ (‘Dream’, 1994) by R. Khubetsova, ‘Сырдоны хинтæ’ (‘Syrdon’s Machinations’, 1997) by T. Kokaev, ‘Гæдыныхæстæй асин’ (‘The Creation of the Creator’, 2005) by R. Ramonova. The research findings show that plays for children written at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries have significantly departed from the traditions laid down in the early and mid-20th century, when such plays were primarily represented by adaptations of folk tales or works in which the ideological component came to the fore (e.g., works about the life of the Pioneer movement members). Modern drama works addressed to the younger generation are characterized by a synthesis of genres, which contributes to the blurring of their strict canons, boundaries, as well as the expansion of the authors’ creative potential and ultimately leads to the generation of new literary forms. The data of the undertaken research were previously presented at a conference dedicated to the problems of the Nart epic (7th International Scientific Conference ‘Nart studies in the XXI century: Modern paradigms and interpretations’ (Vladikavkaz, October 26-27, 2023)).

An Analysis of Indigenous Knowledge Systems Through the Eye of ‘iintsomi’ (folk tales)

The Indigenous Knowledge (IK) and Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) are separate and different from the ‘international knowledge system’, which includes knowledge generated by the scientific community, namely: Universities, research institutions, and private firms. International knowledge is knowledge created based on modern scientific systems, research, and development, which are all part of the global scientific and technological enterprise of human civilization. This knowledge is acquired through formal education and ‘book learning’ and boosted by advanced study, internships, training, and mentoring that essentially ensure that the existing paths and developments for scientific knowledge creation, confirmation, and distribution are maintained and continued, which by and large is western in alignment. Therefore, this article aimed at promoting the value and the role played by Indigenous Knowledge Systems in the community. This was done by analysing the role played by songs in selected iintsomi (folk tales). Methodologically, this was a qualitative study based on a literature review assessment. The central thesis is that Indigenous Knowledge (IK) as opposed to Western universalism originates in a community of locals with a broader cultural background and is rich in its tradition (s), teachings and human conduct. IK is believed to be a critical basis of mannerisms and is the intertwining factor in society. Keywords: Indigenous Knowledge (IK), Knowledge, iintsomi (folk tales), Western Universalism

The concept of “wisdom” in a Russian fairy tale

The description of the concepts of the Russian language is impossible without referring to folklore, since it is in this linguocultural layer that it is possible to identify the sources and ways of the formation of the mental characteristics of the Russian people. The concept "Wisdom" is one of the central concepts of the Russian folklore picture of the world. It is extremely widely represented in the genre of folk fairy tales. Usually women in fairy tales are wiser than men. The purpose of this article is to reveal the semantic structure of the concept "Wisdom" in Russian fairy tales. The material of the study was Russian folk tales from the collection of A. N. Afanasyev. As a result of the study, it was found that the concept of "wisdom" in the Russian fairy tale is characterized by various cognitive features. Central is the understanding of wisdom as a supernatural power, the ability to perform magical actions, transformations, witchcraft. Such wisdom is possessed, as a rule, by female characters (wise princesses, wives), less often by male characters, but always positive characters. Fairy-tale female wisdom includes such components as supernatural power, power over the natural world, mental abilities and good intentions. Along with the understanding of wisdom as a magical power, there is another interpretation of this concept in fairy tales. Thus, the wise in a fairy tale is that which is characterized by difficulty, complexity, impracticability. In fairy tales, the word wise often characterizes the quality of an object, as well as the skill of a hero who is able to make such objects. The intellectual component of the concept is also presented in Russian fairy tales. At the same time, wisdom is understood not only as intelligence and education, but also as practical insight and ingenuity.

The Death of Kedis Cangak for Its Greedy (Function And Values Analysis)

Balinese society is affluent in oral literature, among which there are satua or Balinese folk tales. Recently, it has been felt that the Masatua tradition has declined dramatically. The increasingly busy level of parents causes this. Entertainment on social media has defeated oral traditions. This research aims to analyze the function and value of the Death of Kedis Cangak for Its Greedy. This study uses a qualitative method. The data collection method for this research is the observation method using reading and note-taking techniques. The research results were analyzed using analytical descriptive methods and presented using informal processes. The research analysis uses the matching process. The research results show that the functions of the "Death of Kedis Cangak for Its Greedy" unit are entertainment, educational, and social sanctions or punishment functions. Values analysis, which focuses on religious values, found values such as tattwa (philosophy) and moral values (ethics). There is an entertainment function, an educational function, and a social sanction or punishment function. Values such as tattwa (philosophy) and moral values (ethics) are found in value analysis, which focuses on religious matters. Regarding philosophical issues, we found the application of the karma phala law, one of the Panca Sradha teachings. The law of karma befalls the character I Kedis Cangak. The value of morals is also reflected in the behavior of the main character, which is contrary to the teachings of morals.

Folk Tale “Eglė, the Queen of Serpents” [Eglė Žalčių Karalienė] on the Soviet Stage as a Representation of Lithuanian Culture

A folk tale “Eglė, the Queen of Serpents” is one of the most exceptional Lithuanian mythical tales, which has received a lot of attention from researchers of Indo-European mythology. After a Lithuanian poetess Salomėja Nėris (1904–1945) wrote a poem following the plot of the fairy tale, it became extremely popular on the Lithuanian stage during the Soviet period. Performances based on this tale or poem not only received several productions on different puppet theater stages, but there was also a ballet written by the composer Eduardas Balsys (1919–1984) which went through several different adaptations on the opera stage. This article will analyze the characteristics of this tale based poem, discuss its stage productions and the reasons for their popularity, and their significance for Lithuanian culture in the Soviet period. The study refers to the works of of G. Kadžytė, A. Kapočiūtė, H. Šabaševičius, E. Tarasti, N. Vėlius, A. Žiūraitytė, W. Wolf, and others, and is based on comparative methodology.

Mythological and Extraordinary Events in Laz Folk Tales

Mitoloji insanları çepeçevre saran yaşanılan bir geçmişin dilde, ritüelde ve tasvirlerde gerçekleşen diyalektiğidir. Yaşamla birebir bağlantılı dünyayı algılama sistemi olan mitoloji, aynı zamanda bu algılamayı modelleştiren bir dünya görüşüdür. Halkların milli tefekkürünün, milli psikolojisinin, kendine has özelliklerinin ilk ve temel kaynağı mitolojidir. Dolayısıyla mitoloji insan hayatının birçok noktasında kendine yer edinmiş dinamik bir olgudur. Bu noktada mitolojik olayların veya kahramanların sıkça karşılaşıldığı önemli bir alan da sözlü anlatım ürünlerinden biri olan masallardır. Masallarda pek çok mitolojik olaylar anlatılmakla birlikte masallarda yer alan bazı mitolojik ve olağanüstü varlıklar sayesinde de masalların konusu ve yapısı farklı nitelikler kazanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda masallarda mitolojik ve olağanüstü varlıklar üzerinden masal kahramanları oluşturulmaktadır. Bu kahramanlar sayesinde bazı masallarda kimi zaman iyiliğin ve kötülüğün savaşı verilirken bazı masallarda da insanoğlunun korktuğu veya saygı duyduğu varlıkların izdüşümü izlenmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada Lazların sözlü kültürüne ait yüz on üç masal metninde yer alan mitolojik ve olağanüstü varlıklar tespit edilerek yorumlanmaya çalışılmıştır.

Knjiga osvajanja otoka Krete i Zadra Livnjaka Sipahizade Ahmeda Čelebija

This paper deals with the work Gazavatname-i Cezire-i Kilid ve Zadre written by Sipahizade Ahmed Çelebi. Ahmed Çelebi was born in the second half of the 16th century in the town of Livno in southwestern Bosnia. He was a descendent of the local notable Ljubunčić family. He served as judge (kadı) at the various places in the territory of the Ottoman province of Bosnia. In his work he described the war events in Bosnia, Dalmatia and Croatia during the Cretan War (1645–1669). He provides detailed information on the preparation of Ottoman troops in Bosnia for military campaigns and the participation of members of the military and political elite in the battles against the Venetian troops as well as on the Venetian attacks in the Ottoman territory. Moreover, his work is very important for the study of folk literature. For example, Ahmed Çelebi mentioned a folk legend about Queen Kaydefa, whose capital was Solin near Klis, and that she was outwitted by Alexander the Great. This version of the folk tale about Queen Kaydefa was most likely based on the encounter from the epic poem on Alexander the Great written by the Ottoman poet Ahmedi and the Croatian version of Pseudo-Callisthenes’ novel about Alexander the Great. The work of Ahmedi Çelebi is a very important source for the 17th century Bosnia, Dalmatia and Croatia, and deserves to be edited and translated into the Croatian language.

Сказка «О козе и козлятах» на рушанском и хуфском языках

This article presents the texts of “The Goat and her kids”, a folk tale in the Rushani and Khufi languages. The Rushani version of the story was recorded by A. K. Pisarchik in 1943; the Khufi text was recor‑ ded in 1951 by V. S. Sokolova. Both texts are transcribed on the basis of the phonological principle using international Iranian transcrip‑ tion, with Russian translation; in the Rushani version the phonetic features of speech are also noted. In the present publication these texts are provided with morpheme-by-morpheme glossing. Both texts are valuable written documents that record an unwrit‑ ten language at a relatively early point in time. Despite the significant similarity of the cultural traditions and folklore of the Western Pamir peoples, the example of this folk tale highlights discrepancies in plot, theme and cast of characters. Differing from the more common story, widespread in Central Asia, about a fight between a goat and a wolf, the Rushani and Khufi tales presented here notably replace the antagonist with a bear.

Калмыцкая этиологическая сказка «Почему у Совы нет ноздрей»

In this article we present a mythological text from Kalmyk folklore. Better known as folk tale, this text has appeared in various publications both in the original language (Kalmyk) and in Russian. As this text explains the origin of certain phenomena in bird life, it is scientifically more appropriate to classify it as an etiological folk tale or an etiological myth. The story is short and mostly consists of a dialogue between the Eagle, the king of birds, and the savvy Owl. Thanks to its resourcefulness, the Owl gets out of a difficult situa‑ tion and helps to set other birds free. Unlike them, the Owl’s beak is not perforated, therefore the future generations of owls do not have nostrils (in fact, owls do have nostrils, but they are non-perforated). The text is presented in the original Kalmyk form, accompanied by the translation into Russian and interlinear glossing. The Abbrevia‑ tions section provides two systems for designating Kalmyk morphemes: the modern one and the traditional one (according to G. Sanzheyev). In this way, the text can be used not only by Kalmyk language specialists, but also by experts in other Mongolian languages, by linguistic typologists, and by researchers in the fields of folklore, anthropology and ethnology.

INNOVATIVE INTEGRATIVE FAIRY TALE THERAPY AT THE INTERSECTION OF PHILOLOGICAL RESEARCH

In any look at It is difficult to deny that the fairy tale is originally an important and, moreover, an integral part of the folklore of any is an important and, moreover, an integral component of the folk-lore of any of any human culture. Not being autonomous and, even more so, isolated, it interacts in the dynamics of everyday life with a mixture of folk tales. In the dynamics of existence, it interacts with related and mediated components of culture, from mythology and art culture, from mythology and art to religious practices, family and ancestral traditions, morals, morals and customs. mores, morals, customs, traditions, etc.Therefore, all researchers, engaged and engaged in the organisation and functioning of the sociocultural environment (anthropology). sociocultural environment (an-thropologists, culturologists, psychologists, linguists, etc.) have inevitably come and are coming to the borderline of their speciality or specialisation and the need for contacts with other scientific, if not spheres, if not spheres, then directions.

Genre features of historical legends of the Ingush

The author examines in detail the features of the variety of Ingush prose – historical legends. In the analysis of the genre features of oral folk tales about historical legends based on certain historical facts, it is demonstrated that, despite the hype and the presence of elements of exaggeration, embellishment, they are mainly dominated by the attitude of authenticity. The Ingush have a rich history and a unique colorful culture. Studying the folk traditions and history of Ingushetia is an important way to preserve the historical heritage, the ancient roots of which are associated with the Scythians and tribes of the North Caucasus. Today, the Ingush preserve their traditions and culture. Taking into account the peculiarities of the historical traditions of the Ingush people, the groups of historical legends reflecting the historical past of the people are analyzed. The study also provides a brief description of the most important texts of historical legends. The research methodology is based on textual analysis using comparative typology, comparative history and variational methods. The author's special contribution to the study of the topic is the fact that the idealization of the heroes of historical legends has undergone significant changes over time. The almost fabulous heroes were replaced by characters close to reality. There is an obvious trend in the artistic work of storytellers, who sought to depict the events of the heroic-historical plan with a focus on authenticity. In modern conditions, when the desire for the formation of culture is extremely increasing in society, the appeal to the historical memory of ancestors acquires special importance. The historical traditions of Ingushetia, written by different collectors of folklore and recorded in different eras, are valuable not only for researchers of oral creativity, but also for historians. These are stories about important events that have happened, about people with illustrated biographies or about those who played a memorable role in the fate of the people.

The Use of Folklore in the Study of American Religion

In The Archive, we republish an article that, in hindsight, may have been ahead of its time with its prescience. Our pull for this issue is a 1982 piece by Richard E. Wentz where he discusses the idea that American folk traditions should be used as an introduction to lead students into the realm of American Religion. Wentz believes it is important for students to learn these folk tales in order to have essential knowledge about the religious lives of “everyday people,” knowledge which Wentz believes is not being taught in academia or in American religious institutions.

고양이 상징성 연구

In this study, we examined the biological characteristics of cats, looked at the symbolism of Korean classics, folk tales, myths, and religions, and explored the symbolic meaning of cats in adult women's sand play cases. Cats have symbolism of divinity, agility, righteousness, luck, femininity, longevity, healer, independence, and freedom, and are expressed as various symbols in the sand play box, and in this study, three women were examined. First, women in their 30s who needed to restore femininity solved emotional problems that had long been built up through the rite of passage, and women in their 40s became confident that they could do it on their own without relying on others, expressing feelings that had been suppressed in the process of all decisions being dictated by their parents and sisters. Women in their 50s who are experiencing a crisis in middle age showed the process of individualization by solving undifferentiated femininity and going their own way. Based on the research results, there is a limit to generalizing to various age groups, but it has shown commonality of restoring femininity and is meaningful in helping to understand cat symbolism in general.

Rediscovery of Folk Tales in the Electronic Culture Environment: Cartoonized Folk Tales

Halk bilimi ürünleri yüzyıllarca birincil sözlü kültür ortamında icra edilmiştir. Teknolojinin gelişmesine bağlı olarak kitle iletişim araçları yaygınlık kazanmış ve halk biliminin yüz yüze ve yazılı olan geleneksel ortamının yanına internet odaklı elektronik kültür ortamı da eklenmiştir. Walter Ong, halk biliminin yeni icra mekânı olan elektronik kültür ortamını “ikincil sözlü kültür ortamı” olarak adlandırmaktadır. İkincil sözlü kültür ortamında gelişen folklora ise netlore, internet folkloru gibi isimler verilmektedir. İkincil sözlü kültür ortamında masal, efsane, halk hikâyeleri, halk inanışları, halk mutfağı gibi birçok ögenin kendine yer bulduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ise halk hikâyelerinin internet folklorundaki karikatür haline gelmiş gönderiler ele alınıp incelenecektir. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest, katılımcı sözlükler vb. sosyal paylaşım sitelerinden alınan ve halk hikâyelerine atıfta bulanan çeşitli karikatürler çalışmanın sırını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma konusuna uygun düşen karikatürlerden hareketle “Leyla ile Mecnun”, “Kerem ile Aslı”, “Ferhat ile Şirin” ve “Köroğlu” hikâyeleri incelenecektir. Bu hikâyelerin geleneksel ortamındaki şekli ile ikincil sözlü kültür ortamındaki mizahla harmanlanmış şekli karşılaştırılacaktır. İnternet folklorunda karşılaşılan halk hikâyelerine göndermede bulunan karikatürlerde geleneksel ortamdaki hikâye kahramanının başından geçen olayın esas alındığı ve bu olayın mizah ve yergi ile harmanlanarak günümüzdeki yozlaşmaların eleştirisinin yapıldığı dikkat çekmektedir.

Из опыта использования сказок малочисленных народов Севера в обучении русскому языку как иностранному в китайской аудитории

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to develop practical material on the Russian language as a foreign language with the use of national and regional artistic material. The article presents the work on fairy tales of the low-numbered peoples of the North (Even, Yukagir, Dolgan, Evenki), including cultural commen-tary, reproductive and analytical questions, creative tasks aimed at improving the linguistic, socio-cultural, cul-tural and communicative competence of foreign students. A list of folk tales reflecting the national picture of the world of the northern peoples of Yakutia is proposed. The author comes to the conclusion about the expediency and effectiveness of using this national-regional art material in teaching Russian as a foreign language, con-tributing to the expansion of students’ vocabulary with regional vocabulary, the development of oral coherent speech, as well as effective sociocultural and linguocultural adaptation of foreign students.

CONVENTION - A MECHANISM OF MECHANISM OF SPECIFICATIONS OF THE BRU-VAN KIEU IN ANCIENT TALES

The Bru-Van Kieu is an ethnic group with a psychological tendency to adapt to self-defense. This is evident in their folk tales. Establishing, observing, and defending conventions becomes a special spiritual obsession there. They not only reach agreements and agreements with people and communities but also with the natural world and the spirit world. The dreams that appear in the lives of the Bru-Van Kieu people have become the convention of compensation, which automatically becomes compensation for the shortcomings, disadvantages, injustices, and the salvation of the human condition. people is a sacred support for the fate of the people. Through many events and challenges, Bru-Van Kieu chose to adapt to maintain existence.

ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЕ ЛОГОЭПИСТЕМ В ПУБЛИЦИСТИЧЕСКОМ ДИСКУРСЕ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЗАГОЛОВКОВ АСТРАХАНСКИХ МАССМЕДИА)

The article examines the features of the functioning of logoepistemes in journalistic discourse using the example of headline constructions of printed and online Astrakhan media. The most frequent are logoepistemes based on phraseological units, short phrases from movies, songs, folk tales, titles of literary works. The analysis of our linguistic material indicates transformations of structure or semantics of precedent texts that form the core of logoepistemes. Headlines reproduced in the form of ready-made speech units, with content difficult to predict, are rare. In journalistic texts, logoepistematic units perform attractive, provocative and axiological functions. Logoepistematic head constructions are characterized by a rich associative potential and modal coloring of the lexical units that make up their composition, form the actual and conceptual meaning of the text. The analysis of the target settings of addressing logoepistemes in the journalistic discourse allowed us to conclude that most often, by including logoepistemes in the title, journalists seek to give a figurative assessment of events, actions or personality. Journalists use precedent phenomena stemming from cinema, fiction, folklore, history for figurative assessment of modern events. Understanding and adequate interpretation of logoepistemes based on them are the markers of belonging to a culture of a certain country. Further analysis of logoepistematic headings will reveal the features of their functioning and pragmatics.