Financial Business Research Articles

Construction of Household Accounting Practices: an Islamic Ethnomethodological Study

<em><span lang="EN-US">This research departs from the problem of modern accounting knowledge, which is limited to material and ignores non-material values, and studies of household accounting based on non-material values, which are rarely disclosed in accounting studies. This study aims to construct household cost accounting based on non-material values. This study uses an Islamic paradigm with an Islamic ethnomethodological approach. The results of the study found that household expenses were recorded by the wives, both recorded on paper and in memory. The income earned by the husband is sufficient to finance household needs, saved to finance unexpected needs, and finance business capital. There are expenses for alms, but alms are not considered a burden but a means of purifying wealth and charitable savings in the afterlife. The three household cost accounting practices are based on the values of responsibility, cooperation, and faith in the Creator.</span></em>

ATM 사용자 리서치를 통한 사용성 개선을 위한 연구

With the development of information and communication technology, the use of smart banking, a non-face-to-face financial business processing system, is expanding. However, the elderly who have difficulty using smart devices or users who have anxiety about using online banking visit the bank in person, make deposits and withdrawals through employees, or solve banking business by using ATMs. In this way, it aims to present interface guidelines for useful ATMs that can appropriately use cash and electronic payment methods according to the situation. This study conducted usability tests, SUS evaluations, and interviews to analyze the usability of existing ATMs, and produced a prototype by improving the interface through the usability analysis results of existing ATMs and expert advice. Significance tests were conducted through a prototype with an improved interface, and final guidelines were presented through this. The ATM interface guidelines derived through this study are expected to help minimize confusion experienced by various users when using ATMs.

Assistance and Development of MSMEs’ Nata de coco Product to Increase Product Value in Godegan, Srandakan, Special Region of Yogyakarta

Abstract. Partners in this PPM[1] KKN service program are Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) entrepreneurs and residents in Godegan, Srandakan, Bantul, Special Region of Yogyakarta. The partner is stated to be an MSME because the main program of the Community Service Team will accompany several MSMEs in Godegan hamlet, especially MSMEs’ nata de coco product; besides that, it will also organize an auxiliary program in the form of Population Data Digitization. The purpose of this service is to increase the value of processed nata de coco products, which in turn can increase the income of citizens until economic independence occurs. The problems faced by MSMEs’ nata de coco product are that managers only process nata de coco in semi-finished form and do not have the knowledge to increase the value of products so that they have a better selling value. Packaging, logos, and product brands are also obstacles to marketing processed finished products. In addition to the problems found in the nata de coco MSME business, there are also problems in the hamlet, namely the administration of population data that is not updated because it is recorded manually. Based on these problems, the Community Service Team solves problems by carrying out activities divided into production, marketing, and Financial Records. In the production aspect, training and assistance in product processing and attractive nata de coco packaging to increase product value. From the marketing aspect, assistance is needed in online product marketing, while from a financial point of view, assistance is carried out in managing business finances. The Community Service Team also provides training and assistance in terms of creating company profiles and digitizing population data. The outputs of this service program are news in the mass media, videos of activities, participation in national seminars on community service, and scientific manuscripts published in the form of Sinta-accredited journals.

The Problems and Solutions of the Supply Chain Financing of the Enterprise from the Perspective of the Bank

Supply chain finance is one of the key topics in today's research. Recently, the number and size of enterprises of various types have increased, and the demand for financing has grown significantly. At the same time, banks are providing supply chain finance services to enterprises to meet the demand for enterprise financing. Some researchers have found that banks play an important role in the supply chain finance business, and the amount of financing is also increasing. However, there are still some unresolved problems in the process of enterprise financing by banks. Therefore, this study focuses on the difficulties in the process of enterprise financing from the perspective of banks and the countermeasures to solve them. The research methodology of this paper is as follows: firstly, to collect the transaction data of Ping An Bank's supply chain financial services in the past ten years, and secondly, to analyse the data and identify the problems in the financing process from the changes in the data. It is found that the current Ping An Bank has problems such as financing cost is still high, it is difficult to guarantee the financing security and transaction transparency, and the financing mode innovation is insufficient, and these problems also limit the further development of the enterprise. In order to better improve the domestic supply chain financial system, the government, enterprises, banks and other parties should work together to overcome the current difficulties.

Impact of Social Norms on Japanese Small Businesses’ Survival: Conflict Management Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study examines how governmental business restrictions and community social norms under the COVID-19 pandemic affected small businesses in terms of business continuity, suspension, and resumption. Through interviews with 27 small Japanese businesses, this study analyzes business continuity using the KJ Method (affinity diagram). The analysis reveals that the four conflicts associated with business continuity, suspension, and resumption can be organized into two polar tensions: compliance–compatibility decisions and business–value–compatibility decisions. Conflicts were as follows: cancellation of all (events and gatherings) versus business-as-usual (social norms within the community); government standards versus voluntary standards (response to government policies); compensation for sales loss versus extensive use for future growth (securing business funds); and mutual help versus new relationships (relationships with customers and suppliers). It showed that small businesses responded along the axis of not only protecting their company values but also adapting to social institutions and norms. Moreover, conflict management is an important source of resilience for small businesses, focusing on corporate culture in different societies.

The Fraud Triangel Approach: Detecting Fraudulent Behavior in Business Finance in Sidoarjo

Fraud that occurs in MSME players today is increasingly diverse. Fraud can take the form of financial statement fraud, mixing personal finances with business finances or dishonesty in running a business. This causes a prolonged dilemma for MSME actors in managing business income. Many MSMEs have not been able to manage good financial reports. This Research Objective is used to gain a deeper understanding of the behavior and detection of fraud that occurs in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) based on the Fraud Triangle Theory and the efforts made by MSMEs in preventing and detecting fraud early. The type of sample experiment research used is the random method. The method of collecting information through direct observation and questions, FGDs and the technique of using documentation in the data collection process. The data analysis approach involves the steps of data reduction, data presentation and data verification. The results of the analysis explain that MSME actors do not all carry out financial statement management and still carry out a lot of fraud. The implications of this research contribute to the understanding of fraud, especially by forensic accountants, auditors, fraud examiners and anti-fraud examiners who are used to see fraud in MSMEs. Highlights : Fraud in MSMEs is multifaceted, encompassing financial statement manipulation and unethical business practices. Research aims to understand fraud behavior using the Fraud Triangle Theory and explore MSME efforts in fraud prevention. Utilizes random sampling and data collection methods like direct observation, FGDs, and documentation to gather comprehensive insights. Keywords : Fraud Triangel, Financial Statements, Fraudulent Behavior and MSMEs

Classic and alternative sources of capital in the small and medium-sized enterprise sector in Polish conditions

Purpose of the study: The main purpose of this article is to present selected classic and alternative sources of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises in Polish conditions. The article also aims to present the advantages and disadvantages of each source of capital.
 Methodology: The article was prepared using the method of a critical review of the literature on the formation of the capital structure of enterprises and the choice of sources of financing the activities of the SME sector. The literature review conducted analyzed articles and other publications related to the topic.
 Main findings: The presentation of selected sources of business financing, along with the advantages and disadvantages of using them, shows the multiplicity of choices available to managers, but at the same time warns against their improper use.
 Application of the study: The analysis presented here makes it possible to systematize knowledge in the area of theory related to classical and alternative sources of business financing. The theoretical content is expanded to include an objective presentation of the advantages and disadvantages of using different ways of financing business activities. The research can help you decide on the appropriate source of business financing, mainly at the initial stage.
 Originality/Novelty of the study: The study undertaken reveals space for further analysis of available sources of business financing, especially for large and advanced stage enterprises.

Advancement of Digital Transformation to Boost Financial Services Industry

In the financial sector, digital transformation refers to the process of leveraging technology to develop new services, optimise consumer experiences, and improve financial business operations. This can entail a variety of steps, such as developing mobile banking apps, integrating artificial intelligence into customer support, or utilising blockchain technology to enable safe and effective transactions. The financial services industry has a profitable chance to modernise traditional work practises, upskill, innovate, and begin embracing digitalization through the effective use of technology. This research study is to determine presence of digital transformation in financial services. It is secondary research study which also focussed on futuristic technical trends for digitalisation in financial industry.

SOptimizing the Quality of Human Resources by Developing Youngpreneurs with a Sharia Base

The problem at hand is the low interest and ability of rural youth in entrepreneurship, as a significant portion of the community relies on limited employment opportunities in palm oil plantations. With the aim of enhancing the quality of human resources in Sungai Manasib village, the proposer intends to carry out community service activities. The proposed solution to address the partner's issues involves conducting an educational program on Sharia-based entrepreneurship, introducing Sharia financial institutions for business financing, organizing online entrepreneurship field trips, and providing digital marketing assistance to the youth/rural community of Sungai Manasib. The outcome of this dedication is expected to assist the village of Sungai Manasib in enhancing the quality of its human resources/community through the growth of youngpreneurs who operate businesses in accordance with Sharia principles, with the hope of providing a solution to the issue of unemployment in Sungai Manasib village. In addition, the mandatory output of this community service activity will be published in local mass media, and an additional output will be published in a nationally accredited Sinta 5 community service journal. The PkM activity will be carried out in several stages, starting with the planning stage, followed by counseling and mentoring, and ending with a measurable evaluation. The PkM activity has a positive impact on the improvement of human resources in the village and is able to provide more knowledge and interest for young people to engage in entrepreneurship.

OLDER WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS ARE DRIVEN BY WANT RATHER THAN NEED

Abstract During the COVID-19 pandemic, women ages 50+ pursued their dream of starting a business. This study contacted 278 women ages 50-plus by phone and online, examining the drivers and barriers of women entrepreneurs. Over a quarter (27%) of women said they always wanted to start a business, and 19% said they did it to follow their passion; another 17% were pursuing additional income, and 11% wanted flexible work options. Age, and perhaps the value of experience, has been an advantage in business ownership. Women entrepreneurs age 50-plus were less likely to have faced financial challenges since starting their business, with over two in five (45%) avoiding such challenges, compared to 29% of women entrepreneurs in their 40s. Nearly seven in 10 women (69%) surveyed poured their personal savings into their start-up. In addition, two in three agree that they face unique challenges in trying to access capital for their business that are different from men. Despite these challenges, most women were optimistic about their entrepreneurial path. The majority of women (97%) agreed that they made the right decision in starting their business – with about two in five (39%) saying their business is doing better than expected compared to when they first started. Respondents say they need resources on marketing, recruiting and hiring staff, and financing. And over two in five say they have not taken any type of training. Increasing awareness of business supports, funding sources, and training opportunities will help women as they grow their business.

Introducing Lean Canvas: an Assistance for SMKN 3 Tuban Students in Composing Business Plan

Lean Canvas is a framework that aids in designing a focused and efficient business model, highly suited to the rapidly changing business environment of today. Lean Canvas is a framework or tool used for rapidly and efficiently designing and developing business models. The objective of this assistance was to introduce Lean Canvas model for SMKN 3 Tuban students in order to be able to use it for composing business plan. Community service in the form of mentoring for students at SMKN 3 Tuban was conducted with a total of 5 meetings within 1 month. Before receiving guidance on creating a business plan matrix using Lean Canvas, the students received related materials on entrepreneurship, an introduction to business plans, marketing, human resources, creative economy, product development, e-commerce, and finance. There were 20 participating students in the mentoring program. Out of these 20 students, there were 5 students grouped together, each group having one product which consisted of banana chips in various flavors. Additionally, there was 1 student who had a fruit salad business

PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN DAN PENGENALAN INVESTASI PADA UMKM PERUMAHAN MUKA KUNING

The problems found in the field are related to the weak knowledge of MSMEs related to understanding financial statements, lack of expertise based on financial transactions that occur in daily activities. As well as the profits obtained cannot be obtained in any form of investment, so that the impact of the profits they feel is very small. Meanwhile, the level of need for spending often increases. Likewise, MSME actors do not know good financial arrangements, make accounting according to the cycle. Not being able to arrange financial reports as they should, weak knowledge of MSMEs related to finance and investment can make it difficult to control the business they have. The practice method and lecture method are used in financial statement transactions in the form of services, trading and manufacturing companies and the introduction and risk practice of investment banking. The termination of the process in this service activity is that financial business actors record according to the stages. The results of this dedication have been carried out for five meetings with guiding material on financial transactions to ledgers and dissemination of banking investment products.

Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals Through Corporate Sustainability in a Private Banking Organization

Corporate sustainability (CS) has drawn the attention of academics and practitioners as a way to achieve profitable businesses without negatively impacting society. However, financial business organizations have not adequately realized the importance of CS in meeting sustainable development goals (SDGs). Thus, it is unclear how the financial sector will achieve the SDGs using CS. All 17 goals are essential, but achieving them depends on which CS issues the organization prioritizes. This study uses a qualitative case study to investigate the use of CS to achieve SDGs at financial corporations. Interviews were conducted with five respondents from City Alo, an SME banking segment of City Bank in Bangladesh, and 15 women entrepreneurs engaging with this organization to receive entrepreneurship education through a bank–university collaboration. The results show that the private banking organization achieved seven SDGs by prioritizing appropriate CS issues.

Creation of financial business models in beef cattle breeding: structure and stages

The goal is to develop an algorithm for financial modeling of business processes in beef cattle breeding. Methods – general scientific and empirical. The logical method was used to determine the structure of the study and identify cause-and-effect relationships. The collected material is systematized, summarized and analyzed taking into account the technological features of the industry, modern market conditions, regulatory requirements, financing criteria and government measures to support agricultural producers in the republic. Methods of synthesis, comparison, comparison, and mathematical calculations were also used. Results - the authors proposed financial business model that promotes flexibility in planning production program for keeping and raising livestock for meat. The advantages of financial model in cattle breeding for meat productivity are substantiated as an effective tool for information support, planning, analysis and management decision-making, consisting in the fact that the content of each component of the mathematical financial model allows you to study their components and collect information necessary for financial and economic calculations. The composition of the elements for constructing a financial strategy for breeding beef cattle has been determined, including initial data, analytical calculations, and resulting parameters. A step-by-step algorithm for financial business planning has been created, from initial parameters and assumptions to the calculation of technological and economic efficiency indicators. Conclusions - based on financial modeling of business processes, farmers will have the opportunity to preliminarily assess profitability, find savings reserves, and predict costs for intensive beef cattle farming. A comprehensive business analysis with a financial model and assessment of the market situation is necessary in order to obtain a loan, attract investment and prepare an investment project.

The effect of asset tangibility on hospital financial performance in South Korea

ABSTRACT Many hospitals risk closure owing to rising costs, declining revenue, and reduced profits. Given the importance of identifying factors that impact hospital profitability, our study examines the relationship between tangible assets and the financial performance of hospitals in South Korea. We also investigate the moderation effects of hospital location. Our analysis is based on hospital accounting data provided by public institutions in South Korea and includes medical facilities, machine facilities, structures, buildings, and vehicle assets as tangible assets, which affect three types of return on assets. The results indicate that medical facilities and building assets have a significant positive impact on medical profits but a negative effect on income before reserve funds for essential business and net income, which can be offset by increased vehicle and transportation equipment assets. Operating vehicles and transportation are particularly beneficial for hospitals in Seoul metropolitan areas. This study is meaningful because it uses reliable, externally audited data from an advanced South Korean medical market. Our findings may provide valuable insights for policymakers and hospital management seeking to improve hospital profitability and identify institutions requiring financial assistance not only in South Korea but also in other countries that have advanced medical markets.

A Trend Analysis of Business Funding Patterns and Sources Among Student Entrepreneurs at the Institute of Higher Learning Level : Implications for Entrepreneurship Education and Support Programs

Business funding plays a pivotal role in facilitating entrepreneurial ventures, enabling them to initiate or expand their businesses effectively. Diverse funding sources, such as personal savings, venture capital, business angels, business loans, and government assistance, have been recognized as crucial means of financial support. However, for student entrepreneurs currently pursuing higher education, the suitability of these funding options is subject to several complexities. The inexperience in commencing a business, the commitment to academic pursuits, and adherence to specific student policies and eligibility criteria necessitate a more tailored analysis. Therefore, this paper delves into a trend analysis of business funding exclusively among student entrepreneurs. Drawing on data sourced from the esteemed Malaysian Academy of SME & Entrepreneurship Development (MASMED), at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia, this study investigates business funding sources, business funds secured, business categories, and the level of student involvement over multiple years. This empirical examination and subsequent discussion provide invaluable insights into discerning patterns and shifts in student entrepreneurial business funding strategies. By scrutinizing these trends, a prediction students' decisions to venture into entrepreneurship, particularly with regards to securing adequate business funding can be developed. Furthermore, this study's findings pave the way for more comprehensive investigations, guiding potential policy enforcements in both governmental and private sectors pertaining to business funding. Ultimately, the elucidation of these trends contributes to fostering an ecosystem conducive to the growth and sustenance of student-led enterprises, unlocking new avenues for economic and societal development.

PELATIHAN PEMBUKUAN DIGITAL MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI BUKU WARUNG BAGI UMKM DI DESA KARANGJAYA

The digital bookkeeping training program is an effort to develop businesses to better manage their business finances. Development in a business needs to be done by utilizing technology from traditional to digital methods. This digital bookkeeping training can help MSMEs record their financial books easily using the BukuWarung application. The BukuWarung application can make it easier for MSMEs to carry out bookkeeping and recording of their business finances. Because it contains various features that make business activities easier, can reduce the cost of using paper, the risk of human error and loss of physical evidence because data is stored on a smartphone, and there is financial report analysis. So, business actors no longer need to record manually. The training was carried out with one of the MSMEs in Karangjaya village, namely Kedai Syabil, which is a food shop in Kobakrengas hamlet. This activity produces MSME players who are aware of the importance of financial bookkeeping in a business, and becomes a motivation for business development in carrying out bookkeeping every day in their business.

PENTINGNYA PERENCANAAN KEUANGAN PADA KELOMPOK USAHA MIKRO GUYUB RUKUN, PPA SHIKAR MALANG

Financial planning is vital to the growth of micro-enterprises. The Guyub Rukun micro-enterprise group, owned by parents of children who are members of PPA Shikar in Malang, has encountered stagnation due to insufficient understanding of personal financial planning and entrepreneurial finance, which is harmful to business owners. Many micro-enterprise owners in the Guyub Rukun group merge their personal and business finances. Due to insufficient of mentors' managerial knowledge, these entrepreneurs need help managing their finances effectively. Therefore, community service activities by PPA Shikar Malang that highlight the significance of financial planning are crucial for the success of the Guyub Rukun micro-enterprise group. Training is provided in the form of personal and entrepreneurial financial planning. MSME entrepreneurs can immediately practice the knowledge by using the digital application for daily financial records and the MSME business financial records application on PlayStore. According to the questionnaires distributed to the participants, 92% expressed satisfaction, found the material easily understandable, and believed that community service activities benefited their micro-enterprises

Pelatihan Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Sederhana pada UMKM di Dusun Gebang Kalurahan Candirejo

One of the problems that is often experienced by MSME players is that they do not have a good financial system from recording transactions to reporting business finances so that business development is hampered due to unstructured and systemized financial management. Therefore, this service initiated a simple bookkeeping training program for MSMEs in Gebang Hamlet, Candirejo Village. This training is provided with the aim of enabling MSMEs in Gebang Hamlet to prepare simple financial reports so that MSMEs have proper and systemized financial reports. This training was carried out on two MSME partner subjects, namely Mbak Lina's Grocery Store and Bu Warsi's Lotek Warung. This service was carried out for approximately one month door to door. This service method consists of a preparation stage, an implementation stage, and a monitoring and evaluation stage. each partner already understands the procedures for collecting transaction data and preparing simple financial reports including inputting cash receipts and disbursements transactions, as well as preparing profit and loss financial reports.

Optimal financing and sales channel strategies for a capital-constrained supply chain with different risk preferences

In a volatile market environment, it is an important issue whether a manufacturer with capital constraints should establish an online direct sales channel to encroach the retail market. In addition to loans from financial institutions, third-party logistics (3PL) financing provides an alternative way for the manufacturer to solve its capital difficulties. Considering that the manufacturer exhibits diversified risk preferences for uncertain demand, we build an analytical model to examine the financing and sales channel decisions of the manufacturer, retailer and 3PL. Further, the impacts of differentiated freight rates and portfolio financing on key decisions are explored. Our results mainly contribute to the literature in two aspects: In terms of financing strategies, the 3PL tends to conduct financial business at a lower interest rate under a single-channel strategy, but a reduction in the 3PL interest rate prevents the manufacturer from adopting 3PL financing. In contrast, a larger financing need promotes the 3PL to offer a loan with a higher interest rate under a dual-channel strategy, which in turn drives the manufacturer to enhance its preference for bank financing. 3PL financing is always more conducive to improving the retailer’s profit. In terms of sales strategies, a smaller establishment cost of the online channel or greater risk tolerance encourages the manufacturer to implement the dual-channel strategy, while lower price competition and online channel preference prevent the manufacturer from encroaching so that it only employs a single offline channel for sales. An increase in price competition between channels encourages the manufacturer to establish the online channel, and manufacturer encroachment weakens the retailer’s profit. Furthermore, differentiated freight rates reduces the participants’ propensity for 3PL financing, while portfolio financing enhances the manufacturer’s motivation to develop the online sales channel.