Field Research Design Research Articles

Creating resource passageways in cross-cultural virtual work teams: a longitudinal field study

PurposeLens of conservation of resources (COR) theory has been used to study how organizations can create resource passageways for their employees via managers. This has been examined in cross-cultural virtual work teams distributed across time and space within the high-resource loss context of the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachLongitudinal field design was used in a transnational organization involving data collection at three times over eight months. At Time 1, qualitative methodology was used to propose a conceptual model. At Time 2 and Time 3, an online survey was used to collect data for 205 virtual work teams across 10 countries in the Asia–Pacific region pre and post “manager as coach” training respectively.FindingsUsing COR theory, the study highlights that “manager as coach” training is an effective resource for managers in the high resource depletion context of the pandemic. Access to timely support increases saliency for the resource-gain spiral and has a cross-over impact on virtual work team outcomes suggesting transferability of resources from managers to subordinates. Also, managers across all nationalities view coaching training as an equally valuable resource.Practical implicationsThe study provides evidence for investment in timely and relevant support for managers to positively and swiftly impact virtual work teams during high-resource loss contexts.Originality/valueThe study expands COR crossover theory across space and time dimensions using a longitudinal field research design.

MAKAN DAN MINUM BERDIRI DALAM HADIS AL-KUTŪBUSSITTAH DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA PADA SANTRI PESANTREN

The attitude of eating and drinking while sitting has been rooted since childhood in society. So it raises a tough attitudetowards others different from the attitude. Radical tendencies that tend to be radical are very dangerous for proper religious practice. The search for the attitude of eating and drinking in the hadith al-Kutūbussittah is necessary to know the law of eating and drinking while standing real. Therefore it is necessary to know the extent to which the implementation of hadiths of eating and drinking while standing in the environment of santri. The subject of this research is studentsof class XII SMA Al-Minhaj Ma'had Minhaj Shahabah Tamansari Bogor. Research is a qualitative research that focuses on the problem of how to eat and drink attitude in Hadith al-Kutūbussittah and whether impelementasinya eat and drinkstanding at santri class XII Ma'had Minhaj Shahabah Bogor and how the interaction of understanding students with theimplementation of Hadiths of eating and drinking while standing. The approach used in this research is the normative theological approach with the field research design combined with the literature research. The data collection is done by the researcher himself by way of; (1) closed questionnaire;(2) observation; And (3) documentation study. For data analysis using descriptive technique that its application is done in three activity flow, that is data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion or verification. To know the credibility of data, done with triangulation technique. The results showed that first, In al-Kutūbussittah mentioned attitudes related to eating and drinking in some form: the prohibition of eating and drinking while standing, may eat and drink while standing, the attitude of eating with al-iq'a, the ban on eating while leaning, And may eat and drink while walking either implicitly or explicitly. Second, Santri class XII SMA Al-Minhaj Tamansari Bogor implements the hadith ban on eating and drinking while standing alone and not apply the traditions of eating anddrinking while standing and walking. Hadiths may eat and drink while standing and walking is not applied because of theignorance of the hadiths. Thirdly, the Ignorance shapes their understanding of eating and drinking while standing andwalking. Understanding is practiced so that it becomes a habit. These habits form an imprecise attitude to their different practices. From the research results can be suggested (1) Implementing improvements in the way of teaching pesantren in teaching the hadiths of the Prophet integrally on a problem is not partial so as to make a complete understanding of santri; (2) Increasing the study of muqaranah fiqh to eliminate khilafiyyah fiqhiyyah gap on Muslims; (3) To popularize the study ofhadith al-kutūbussittah for Muslims so that they better understand the teachings of Islam from the main source.

Dominant Factors Behavioral Intention Of The Generation Millennials in Using E-Wallets

Technological advancements fueled by the internet revolution have transformed the financial services industry's image, resulting in modifications to electronic financial services. These service changes can be seen in almost all forms of financial services, such as banking, insurance, and stock trading, which are carried out using electronic media, such as E-wallets services. The primary purpose of this study is to determine the behavior of the Millennial class for digital wallet applications in terms of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, trust, social influence. This study utilized a quantitative method using exploratory surveys and online questionnaires, as well as a literature and field research design. For data analysis, this research uses the Smart PLS application with the PLS-SEM approach oriented. Data was collected using non-probability sampling using a purposive sampling approach, yielding a sample size of 146 respondents for this research. This research provides information about the behavior of using digital wallet applications, which are significantly influenced by perceived ease of use, trust, and social influence. Furthermore, the Perceived Usefulness factor does not significantly impact the behavior of using digital wallet applications. These findings highlight the importance of trust as a motivator for customers when utilizing an E-Wallet application. It is preferable to expand the number of study samples in order to appropriately generalize findings, as well as to include research factors that are believed to influence behavioral intention to use. This research will look at the effects of perceived ease of use, perceived utility, trust, and social influence on Generation Millennial behavior when it comes to using digital wallets.

Analisis keunggulan bersaing UMKM ditinjau dari aspek modern marketing mix 4PS pada UMKM di kota Pematangsiantar

Modern Marketing Mix 4Ps focus marketing activities on four pillars: people, process, programs, and performances. With these four pillars, marketers can create campaigns that effectively reach the target audience across various promotional channels to promote products. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Modern Marketing Mix 4Ps in terms of people, processes, programs, and performances on the competitive advantage of MSMEs in Pematangsiantar City. This study's research method includes library and field research design with a quantitative approach. The research subjects taken in this study were SME actors in the culinary sector in Pematangsiantar City. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data analysis method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). The data analysis test tool uses the Smartpls statistical software. The study stated positive and significant results between processes, people, programs, performance, and competitive advantage. The conclusion of this study explains that in determining a good 4PS marketing strategy, business actors should need to determine the process, price, and place, promote the right product, determine the packaging and process, and add human resources who work professionally.

The Role Of Entrepreneur Networking In Moderating The Relationship Of Leadership Style To MSME Performance

This study aims to determine the role of entrepreneurial networking in moderating the relationship of leadership style to the performance of MSMEs in Pematangsiantar City. Literature and field research design with quantitative approach. Research subjects taken in this study are MSME in the city of Pematangsiantar. The research was conducted in eight districts in the city of Pematangsiantar. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). Data analysis test equipment using Smartpls statistical software. The results obtained were positive and significant between Transformational Leadership with Entrepreneur Networking, Transformational Leadership with MSME performance, and Entrepreneur Networking with MSME performance and positive and no significant between situational leadership with Entrepreneur Networking. Coderation results obtained Entrepreneur Networking is not able to moderate the relationship between situational leadership on MSME performance, and Entrepreneur Networking proved capable of moderating the relationship between transformational leadership on MSME performance.

ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA MEDIATION OF LEADERSHIP ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF SMEs

In the current era of digitalization, SMEs are required to adapt quickly according to technological developments and increasingly complex consumer needs. . The role of the leader can create a comfortable environment that can encourage increased employee performance to something that contributes to increasing national income in micro, small and large companies. One way to adapt and develop a business that is currently popular is to use social media-based content marketing. The main objective of this research is to determine the role of social media in mediating the influence of leadership on the SME’S performance organization. This study uses a literature and field research design with a quantitative causal approach. Collecting data in the field using a questionnaire measured by several questions related to social media, leadership, and organizational performance. For data analysis using the PLS method and data collection technique using proportionate stratified random sampling.

Psychophysiological Effects of a Natural Forest Environment on Chinese University Students Aged 19-25 Years

ABSTRACT Recall of natural environments evokes human psychophysiological response, there is a lack of systematic, comprehensive analysis in existing research. Moreover, the limited experimental conditions lead to various laboratory research, and more field studies are needed. Employing the field research design and relative environmental psychology methods, this research investigates physical and psychological indexes changes of 60 Chinese university students aged 19–25, which include positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), heart rate (HR), heart-rate variability (HRV), concentration (Pa), and relaxation (Pm), and regards the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park in China as the experimental site. This study evaluates the psychophysiological effects of the natural forest environment on participates and explores the overall psychophysiological changes, and verifies the positive effect of the natural forest environment on university students. The main findings indicated that the natural forest environment was beneficial for increasing positive affect, decreasing negative affect, affecting HR, and increasing HRV, Pa and Pm. This study adds some basic evidence to a growing theoretical literature emphasizing the role of natural forest environment in psychophysiological restoration.

Impacts of Implementing the Learning Policy on Vocational Higher Education in Post Covid-19 Pandemic

This study aimed to describe the influences of learning policies within the period of vocational higher education after the Covid-19 pandemic. The field research design applied the quantitative approach. The research population, 5.915 respondents, came from elements of the academic community at the Vocational Education Program, Brawijaya University, Malang, and the Vocational Faculty, Airlangga University, Surabaya. Then, the sampling technique determined 98 samples based on the Stratified Random Sampling approach. Data collection techniques were supported by questionnaires, documentation, and interviews. In order to facilitate the analysis, we used parametric inference statistical analysis techniques to test the validity and reliability. The results of the validity test through correlation (Pearson Correlation Coefficient) and the reliability test with the Cronbach Alpha method (Cronbach's Alpha) showed that all question items had been proven to be valid based on the sig value 0.05. From 18 items, the Cronbach alpha value was 0.785. As it was more than 0.6, the questionnaire was valid. Also, the reliability test of 16 items obtained from Cronbach's alpha value was 0.838. It was more than 0.6, meaning that the questionnaire was valid. The correlation value between items 1-18 had a fairly high correlation, and the view of the question value sig. 2 tailed overall was 0.05, meaning that each question item was valid. The findings from this study indicated that the existence of learning policies has a significant influence on the vocational learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study recommends that in the post-Covid-19 pandemic, educational policies in higher education units of vocational type are more adaptive to digital-based learning by strengthening health principles and protocols.

UPAYA GURU AKIDAH AKHLAK DALAM MEMBENTUK PERILAKU TAAT KEPADA ORANG TUA DI MTS RAUDATUL MUTA’ALIMIN 1 SUMBERBARU JEMBER

This research examines the efforts and factors supporting and inhibiting Akidah Akhlak teachers in shaping obedient behavior to parents at MTs Raudlatul Muta'allimin 1 Sumberbaru Jember. Qualitative approach with field research design. The research instrument used observation, interviews with the principal, Akidah Akhlak teachers and students, and documentation. The results of this research are Akidah Akhlak teachers using three methods, namely the method of advice, example and habituation. The supporting factors for the teacher of Akidah Akhlak. The internal factor is the motivation within the students. External factors, a). Environment. b). presence of LKS. c). habit. While the inhibiting factor for the teacher is Akidah Akhlak. The internal factor is the absence of student motivation. External factors a). busy and forget parents. b). family and community environment. c). technological developments that have a negative impact on students.

The Influence of Motivation, Work Disipline and Work Environment on the Performance of PT Employees. Java Generation Bali Services Unit PLTU Banjarsari Regency of Lahat

This study aims to determine the effect of motivation, work discipline and work environment on the performance of employees of PT. Java Bali Generation Services PLTU Banjarsari Research is included in the field research design category. The researcher focuses attention on the phenomena that exist in the field so that the direct involvement of the researcher is limited to observations as material for cross-information obtained from the object. Location of PT. Java Bali Generation Services PLTU Banjarsari Lahat Regency. The research sample is 112 employees as respondents. The first sample was tested using the Instrument Validity Test and Instrument Reliability Test. The analytical model used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that there is a positive and significant effect of motivation, work discipline and work environment together on the performance of employees of PT. Java Bali Generation Services Unit PLTU Banjarsari. Partially, the results of the analysis show that there is a positive and significant effect of work motivation, work discipline and work environment on the performance of employees of PT. Java Bali Generation Services Unit PLTU Banjarsari.

Analyzing Business Performance from Human Capital and Social Capital with Competitive Advantage as Mediating Variable

The development of technology, information, and the internet is growing rapidly and massively in various business sectors, including SMEs, which has created new changes. This situation certainly provides opportunities and challenges for every business actor. This study analyzes the effect of human capital, social capital, customer capital, and technological innovation on business performance. This study's research method includes library and field research design with a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. This study used 180 samples of small and medium business actors with convenience sampling. The data analysis method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). Findings. The study's results found that human capital positively and significantly affects business performance. Then social capital has a positive and significant effect on business performance. The results of this study also confirm that the competitive advantage variable cannot mediate the relationship between human capital and business performance and that competitive advantage can mediate the relationship between social capital and business performance.

Analysis of the Effect of Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Trust, and Cashback Promotion on Intention to Use E-wallet

One way to make digital payments today is using a virtual wallet, an e-wallet. The e-wallet that will be used will be filled in before being used by consumers, which can be done from a banking account with the nominal amount of money desired by the consumer. When the virtual wallet has been used to make digital payments, the money that the consumer has entered into the virtual wallet will be debited according to the amount of money transferred. This study aims to analyze the effect of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, trust, and cashback promotion on the intention to use e-wallets in Indonesia. This study's research method includes library and field research design with a quantitative approach. The research subjects taken in this study were ewallet users in Indonesia. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data analysis method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). The study stated positive and significant results between perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, trust, and cashback promotion on intention to use.

Analysis of the Impact of Innovation as a Mediator of the Relationship between Programs and Performance on the Competitive Advantage of MSMEs in Indonesia

In implementing the 4.0 marketing strategy, micro, small and medium business actors need to be open to market changes and be willing to allocate funds for marketing activities. This study aims to analyze the effect of innovation mediation on the relationship between programs and performances on the competitive advantage of SMEs. This study's research method includes library and field research design with a quantitative approach. This study's research subjects were SMEs in Indonesia's culinary sector. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data analysis method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). The data analysis test tool uses the Smartpls statistical software. The study's results stated that programs and performance positively and significantly affected innovation. The results of further research confirm that programs and performance positively and significantly affect competitive advantage. Further results conclude that innovation can mediate the relationship between programs and performance on competitive advantage. The conclusion of this study explains that to encourage a sustainable competitive advantage to be different from competing products, MSME actors need to start with a new marketing strategy in providing solutions when selling products to consumers and being able to design content relevant to product branding.

Creation of microenterprises and sociocultural factors

Analyzing and identifying the most predominant processes that have been considered by the microentrepreneurs at the time of making the decision to create their business is fundamental, delving into the sociocultural factors that affect the behavior of people. The methodology applied is framed within the empirical-inductive epistemological approach, with a non-experimental field research design. The data analysis was carried out using a regression model with an adjusted R-squared of 0.772. The creation of microenterprises, to a lesser extent, is the product of the consolidation of a family business, the lack of employment or a dismissal; on the opposite, greater significance is identified when relating previous experience with the development of a business opportunity.

IMPLEMENTATION OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ISO 9001:2008 IN IMPROVING TEACHER PERFORMANCE IN SMA DARUL ULUM 2 UNGGULAN BPPT JOMBANG

The ISO 9001:2008 quality management system is one of the implementation forms of total quality management (TQM) concept. This total quality management system requires an organization to have standards such as resource management standards, product realization, measurement and evaluation, and documentation system. The purpose of ISO 9001:2008 quality management systemis toimprovecustomer satisfaction by fulfilling customer requerements through complete facilities, profesional teachers, achievement improvement and many others. This research used qualitative approach with field research design. The results obtained that performance of theachers in SMA Darul Ulum 2 Unggulan BPPT Jombang has a good predicate and implementation of ISO 9001:2008 quality management system run well with the commitment of school principals and all the citizens of the school, and take the field. the ISO allows teachers to continue to learn and improve performance. That is also supported by commitment from high school princupals and high schoolcommunity by continuously improving the quality of work and there is a complete facility to facilitate school activities. so far, not many obstacles are heavy when schools use the ISO 9001:2008 management system, it just takes adjustment for each member to use this ISO management system.

Curriculum Development Management In Increasing Student Excellence Research Context (Multisite Study at MTsN 1 Trenggalek and MTsN 2 Trenggalek)

This research is motivated by the design of curriculum development management which has a strategic position in increasing student excellence. Improving student excellence is an opportunity for madrasas as educational institutions that can produce a generation of superior, capable, strong character, following the civilization of the times. Madrasas that have curriculum development designs by taking into account the strengths of students in accordance with their respective potential advantages will provide space and opportunities for students to strengthen their character and excellence. This research uses a qualitative approach with a field research design. The results of this study are, the design of curriculum development that is centered on knowledge, the design of curriculum development in madrasas consists of planning based on the foundation, principles, and goals of education with the vision, mission of the madrasa and programs to increase student excellence determined by the educational institution.

Biodiversity, richness and spatial distribution of extant Pteridophytes in Kudremukh National Park, Western Ghats, India

Pteridophyte richness and diversity in Kudremukh National Park (KNP) was assessed using qualitative and quantitative diversity indexing methods, along with the geographic spatial distribution of the extant pteridophyte flora. The field research design employed a stratified random sampling method and was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 included the survey, identification and distribution of the pteridophyte flora and Phase 2 was to study the diversity of the extant pteridophytes throughout the KNP using seven transects. The region exhibited rich and highly diverse (Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index of 3.38), non-homogenous (compared to normal Raunkiaer’s frequency curve) stand of 46 different unevenly (evenness index 0.64) distributed pteridophyte flora. The study region was dominated by two unambiguous pteridophyte species of weedy nature (Pteridium aquilinum and Dicranopteris linearis), with a high Simpson's dominance index of 0.96. The study reports eight endemic, two rare, five at risk and seven vulnerable and near-threatened IUCN listed pteridophyte species in the study region. The quantitative diversity indices i.e. frequency, density, abundance, relative abundance and important value index of each extant pteridophyte is calculated. The study also noted that some endemic species such as Osmunda huegeliana and Cyathea nilgirensis present in KNP needed immediate conservation efforts. This study gives an extensive report on the extant pteridophyte flora of KNP and will help future taxonomic surveys and research, as well as conservation and sustenance measures.

Religious Moderation-Based Islamic Education Model by Nahdlatul Ulama at Islamic Boarding Schools in Lampung Province

Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) has made a substantial contribution to Islamic education, especially in the world of Islamic boarding schools. Islamic boarding schools have a significant influence in creating intelligent and great young generations. The focus of this study is to analyze the implementation and the results of Islamic education based on religious moderation in Islamic boarding schools in Lampung province. The Islamic boarding schools that served as objects of study are Islamic boarding schools in Lampung province that have implemented religious moderation, namely the Ushuluddin Islamic Boarding School in South Lampung, Al-Hikmah Islamic Boarding School Bandar Lampung, Al-Hidayat Islamic Boarding School Pesawaran, and Raudhatu Sholihin Islamic Boarding School Central Lampung. This study applied the field research design with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The study results show that Islamic boarding schools in Lampung province have implemented Islamic education based on religious moderation. Islamic boarding schools in Lampung province have similarities in terms of application, namely Tawasuth (taking the middle way) and Tsamuh (tolerance). They also integrate the general curriculum and religious curriculum by studying the Kitab Kuning (Kitab Turath), yasinan, Tabligh Akbar, room placement based on ethnic background, and Bahtsul Masail activities. As a result, the students have a strong base of thought and character by openly responding to differences and thinking.

Weaving Traditions of Daboya and Yendi Communities in Northern Ghana

Narrow strip weaving has been an art and one of the traditional occupations in the northern part of Ghana, which has contributed significantly to the economic development and well-being of the people. Even though strip weaving is common in the North, Daboya and Yendi have unique weaving traditions with regards to the origin, types of yarns or materials, tools, processes and marketing strategies hence the focus of this paper. Field research design was used to observe, participate and have face-to-face interaction with weavers, smock makers and retailers in their natural setting. Interview was used for the collection of data during the study tour. The outcome revealed that traditional strip weaving in Yendi and Daboya has contributed immensely to tourism, the socio-economic and cultural heritage of the indigenes. Findings further indicated difference in design and loom types (traditional and modernised loom in Daboya and traditional loom in Yendi) with similar yarn types used in weaving. The study recommends intensive education for craftsmen to understand the need to welcome new technologies in their occupation to boost their production levels and increase their earnings. It is therefore incumbent on government, academia and the appropriate agencies to facilitate research to modernise the weaving tradition.

The Concept of Qath`i and Zhanni and Its Implication to Religious Behavior among Muslim Communities in Lombok

The difference in understanding of the concepts of qath`i and zhanni is the root of the problem that causes conflict among Muslims, especially among the Salafi and non-Salafi communities. This study aims to determine the concepts of qath`i and zhanni, the response of the Salafi and non-Salafi communities to the concepts, and its implications in shaping their religious behavior. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method and a field research design. Collecting data using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique uses the description, interpretation, criticism, and conclusion stages. The results of this study indicate that the concepts of qath`i and zhanni are used by ulama Ushul Fiqh to analyze legal texts from the linguistic aspect that are used as standards for assessing the legality and validity of the law. Salafi and Non-Salafi communities agree on qath`ias an inviolable conception, whereas zhanni is not considered. Methodological differences in identifying the concept of qath`i and zhanni areas have implications for religious behavior among Muslims in Lombok, Mataram. By using a textual approach and ignoring the contextual approach, Salafis consider laws that are still in a clear area as qath`i. On the other hand, Non-Salafis use textual and contextual approaches to conclude that the law that is still being debated is zhanni.