Field Of Rural Tourism Research Articles

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКОГО ТУРИЗМА В РОССИИ

The development of rural tourism is a global trend. In order to support this trend, the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) has declared 2020 the year of rural and eco-tourism, which has attracted the attention of travelers to the countryside and will entail the development of rural areas. For Russia, the development of this area is becoming particularly relevant, which is due to the need to diversify the rural economy, the desire to increase employment and sources of income of the rural population, overcome rural poverty, and attract investment to improve infrastructure in rural areas. It is determined that a significant constraint on the development of the sub-sector is the imperfection of the regulatory framework and the vagueness of direct state support, legislation in the field of rural tourism is only being formed, the existing assistance measures do not meet the request of society. The prospects of rural tourism are connected with the process of active formation of the institutional environment and the development of tools for targeted state support. The paper notes that the main directions of development of the sub-sector will be determined by the national project “Tourism and Hospitality”. As new tools for the development of the direction are grants “Agrotourism”, concessional lending at the rate of 3-5% per annum, cashback for tours in Russia. The new impetus to realize the potential of agrotourism is associated with the coronavirus pandemic and the demand for domestic travel. As conclusions, the need to improve the system of state regulation and support for the development of rural tourism is established and the main measures that will contribute to the realization of the potential of this type of non-agricultural activity as a promising direction for sustainable development of rural areas are identified

How Can Rural Tourism Be Sustainable? A Systematic Review

This investigation reviewed articles associated with sustainable rural tourism found on the Web of Science database over a 10-year span from 2009 to 2019. The 76 articles that were selected for their inclusion of the concept of sustainable rural tourism were listed in a comprehensive table, thereby revealing the research purpose, topics, detailed topics, research methods, and data source of the articles. The findings indicate that many papers on sustainable rural tourism were written from a holistic sustainability perspective without being biased towards any one of the environmental, economic, and social aspects. In the field of rural tourism, it is essential to pay attention to interactions in all aspects of the environment, economy, and society, and to analyze them overall. In addition, this study confirmed that efforts to understand sustainable rural tourism from the customer perspective have been increased since customer loyalty is considered important for sustainability. This study is significant in that, since it evaluated the knowledge status for the first time through systematic review and applied content analysis to academic literature related to sustainability in the sector of rural tourism, it can expand and deepen the knowledge and understanding of related topics and raise awareness of a new research direction.

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY AS A FACTOR OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS

The paper defines the concept of and private as an effective form of interaction between public authorities and private business, identifies its features common with the term public-private and considers these terms as synonyms. The classification of public and private partnership forms on the basis of the analysis of the key legislative acts regulating their activity is presented in the paper. A statistical analysis of public and private partnership agreements has been conducted with the emphasis on the social component of partnership projects in the rural tourism. The components of the tourist cluster model with the advantages of introducing public and private partnership mechanisms into their structure are substantiated. The paper lists the problems in rural tourism development and their solution largely depends on the state authorities participation in the implementation of joint projects. Features of rural tourism as a type of business activity that has a stable socio-economic effect are considered in the paper. The relationship between the entrepreneurial activity in the field of rural tourism effectiveness and socio-economic development of rural areas is determined. The positive impact of public and private partnership projects in the field of rural tourism on the socio-economic development of rural areas is substantiated. The list of the basic directions of public and private partnership joint projects realization in the field of rural tourism which can have the most positive result is offered. The common interest of the community and business tourism is related to the planning and implementation of national infrastructure development programs. These programs include road infrastructure and public transport improvement, training in tourism business, support for rural tourism financing; establishment of tourist information centers, where tourists can get information about local tourist sightseeings, historical and cultural events, as well as about national ethnocultural, household, religious features of communities. In addition, these centres can provide business partners with information about the tourist market development and the existing tourist routes, transport and trade network, food and accommodation facilities, which can help provide additional services to tourists.

Evaluative bibliometric analysis of recent trends in rural tourism literature

The development of academic thought is a slow but unquestionable process that leads to a more advanced intellectual structure of the research area. The global growth of tourism demand in rural areas has conditioned the accelerated development of rural tourism, and thus the growing interest of the academic community in this tourism specialism. In this regard, the paper aims to provide insight into recent trends in rural tourism literature and examine the intellectual structure of this discipline. A detailed review of relevant literature published in the Web of Science (WoS) tourism journals and the application of evaluative bibliometric analysis identified the predominant interests of authors and dominant research niches, the most common research regions, the most frequently used research methods, papers that had the highest impact on modelling scientific thought within the subject area, the most productive and influential journals, as well as the authors who have left the most profound trace in the analyzed discipline in the past ten years. It is expected that the paper stimulates academic discussion on the relatively steady interest of researchers and the need for further and more dynamic intellectual development in the field of rural tourism.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR STARTING ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY IN RURAL AREAS IN MUNICIPALITY OF GEVGELIJA

Global and modern economic trends are driving businesses to continually discover new opportunities for economic growth and maximize the utilization of resources. In this regard, tourism is an area with the potential to stimulate economic development which has a major role in creating business activities, starting entrepreneurial activity and achieving business results. The new concept of tourism as a carrier of economic development reaffirms the concept of rural tourism as a significant economic potential. The need’s of modern tourists related with the temporary leaving of the opportunities by urban areas initiates the development of rural tourism. In another side rural tourism encourages the development of rural areas and utilization the possibilities of interaction between the local population and tourists.The subject of the research in this paper is to understand the importance and impact of the entrepreneurial initiative in the development of rural tourism on the Municipality of Gevgelija.The theoretical part in this paper gives an overview of the definition and characteristics of rural tourism and geographical description of the rural areas located on the territory of the Municipality of Gevgelija. In addition, were analyzed the opportunities of this region for starting entrepreneurial activity in the field of rural tourism or entrepreneurship in rural areas. Entrepreneurship in the rural areas is perceived by expressing interest in starting entrepreneurial activity, exploiting the opportunities and entrepreneurial skills of the local population, thereby improving the quality of life of the local population and rural areas.Municipality of Gevgelija have great potential for development of rural tourism, by utilizing the natural location and combining different ways in creating tourist offer. Natural beauties, clean environment, manifestations, traditional food, hospitality and local resources are prerequisites for harnessing the potential of this region. Encouraging the local population to start an entrepreneurial activity is a prerequisite for the development of rural tourism. The entrepreneurial concept of the behavior of individuals and businesses initiates the development and creation of an appropriate tourism offer according to the needs of tourists. The analysis and research will confirm the basic hypothesis that the entrepreneurial initiative and rural entrepreneurs are the engines of the development of rural tourism, thus concluding this paper will provide recommendations for exploiting opportunities and encouraging local businesses to start up the business.

Tourism advisory services in the context of New Institutional Economics

New institutional economics focuses on the role of institutions, (such as advisory institutions), in economic development and influencing human behaviour. The aim of this paper is to present the role played by agricultural advisory institutions in stimulating development processes in rural areas. The study involves an analysis of the operations of Mazowiecki Agricultural Advisory Centre in Warsaw underpinned by scientific literature review which illustrate changes in the scope of advisory services provided in the field of rural tourism and the impact this institution has had on entrepreneurial attitudes of rural residents. Agricultural consultancies, through their operations, influence the change of attitudes of the rural population - from the attitude involving merely ‘waiting for grants’ to entrepreneurial, cooperative attitudes, open to innovations and tailored to market needs. The effectiveness of advisory services in Mazowieckie voivodeship (Mazovia province) is proved by the increased number of agritourism farms regularly cooperating with advisors. The most popular forms of delivered advice promoting agritourism included training provided in-house or as a study visit and individual consultations.

Современное состояние и трудности становления туризма в сельской местности Тамбовской области

Promotion of agritourism in Russian regions is a key condition for the formation and development of this promising trend of tourism industry.
 Comprehensive elaboration of regulatory and legal framework, as well as the consolidation and the multifaceted support of the municipal and regional authorities are in need for its implementation. The article is devoted to assessing the current state and development problems of agritourism in Tambov region. Agritourism in Tambov region is at the initial stage. In the region there is a complex of natural, cultural, historical and socio-economic condi- tions for its development. However, there are a number of difficulties (legal, infrastructure and others). The state and regional programs for the domestic tourism development and support for small businesses in rural areas are the most important element for the successful development of rural tourism. The article provides an analysis of tourist potential of Tambov region and identifies the problems and prospects of domestic tourism development. The author describes possibilities of agritourism for promotion and innovative development of domestic tourism, as well as justifies the necessity of the various forms of supporting tourism destinations. Tambov is currently one of the most promising regions of Russia for investments in tourism development, especially agritourism. However, successful development of this kind of business needs not only support at the municipal level. The solution of problem of agritourism development lies at the regional level. In addition, systematic work is needed in the field of professional training in rural tourism activities. For this purpose, in the region a system of continuous education in agribusiness has been developed It includes the implementation of the project activities with school children in the field of rural tourism, professional training of bachelors of technology and organization of excursion services (Agritourism) and advanced training courses for workers of RF Ministry of Agriculture

Государственная поддержка развития агротуризма в Московской области

Agrotourism promotes not only countryside development, but also development of region as a whole. However, nothing can happen of itself, so every movement needs a push. And this is truly for agrotourism. The state has the means to support activities in the field of rural tourism, and particularly agrotourism. Thus, it can and should be a driving force. State support is reflected in the existing normative legal acts, regulating these types of tourism activity, as well as in the creation of new programs and projects for the development of rural areas. Unfortunately, the legal restrictions that appear on the basis of existing laws interfere with full realization of the state support programs. For example, only legal entity, having financial security, liability insurance, able to follow the cultural and environmental side of its activity, can be engaged in agrotourism. Today this fact hampers the development of this type of tourism. Therefore, in the near future, regulatory and legal framework for this and other similar issues should be settled. In addition to the direct support of agrotourism activities, an important task of government programs is to engage entrepreneurs, especially among rural people, in this activity.

Вовлечение субъектов сельского хозяйства в туристскую деятельность (на примере Ставропольского края)

Current geopolitical changes and trends in socio-economic development increase the importance and prospects of development of domestic tourism. Emerging opportunities are significant not only for well-known destinations and tourist products, but also for tourism products and routes that by their attractiveness is competitive with the objects of mass tourism demand. Considering the possibilities of development of weekend tourism, flashpacker and trailering, can be concluded that the sector of rural tourism in all its diversity, can attract a significant part of the tourist flow. At present, rural tourism is not a mass leisure activity. Researches of needs and interests of tourists are known. However, there are no researches revealing assessment of the prospects of existing or potential rural tourism projects. With that, it should be emphasized that they are not only important for investors or business leaders, but also for tourism administrations as a tool to identify barriers or areas of support of rural tourism projects. Rural tourism - one of the most famous and popular forms of recreation. Many experts note its ability to compete with the leaders of the global tourism - beach and cultural tourism. Stavropol Krai of the Russian Federation is region with high level of agricultural development and rich touristic and recreational potential. Development of private sector in agriculture industry, aspiration of small and large private companies to diversify their activities by expanding non-agricultural segment caused the formation and development of rural tourism. Variety of tourism resources and cultural heritage of Stavropol region allowed entrepreneurs to create different tourist products in the segment of rural recreation. In the current context the formation of rural tourism industry in the Stavropol region is the rightful issue. The author has conducted marketing research to study the attitude of agriculture entities in Stavropol region to engaging in tourist activities. The data obtained show the positive attitude of agriculture entities of the region to the tourist activity. However, more than 89% of respondents consider it necessary to develop a state policy in the field of rural tourism at the federal and regional levels.

Разработка стратегических проектных решений в сфере сельского туризма на основе эффективных бизнес-моделей

The article discusses the issues associated with developing strategic project decisions in
 the field of rural tourism based on effective business models. Business models development of
 investment projects in rural tourism is an integral part of investment planning of tourist areas
 and development of investment proposals. The structure of the investment proposals at the macro
 level consists of investment declaration of a rural settlement, investment passport of a rural
 settlement, which includes the list of investment sites and projects, draft agreements with
 potential investors. Macro level of investment proposals presented by business plan, feasibility
 study or investment project passport. The content of these documents is determined by a business
 model that is used to describe the basic principles of design, development and successful project
 implementation. The article describes the key elements of a business model, considers a stepwise
 development algorithm, and determines interconnection between the content of its key elements
 and strategic project decisions for the development of tourist areas of rural settlement. The
 authors analyze the main types of business models, most widespread in the Russian Federation:
 "Cooperation", "Specialization", "Diversification" and examine the key risks associated with the
 implementation and promotion of tourist products. The business model is an effective tool not
 only for the formation of a unique value proposition and determination of principles of
 construction and development of a successful project, but also for the development of investment
 decisions at micro-level that meet the investment policy and socio-economic development
 strategies of rural settlement in general.
 Within the framework of the development of investment proposals, which are mainly the
 result of investment planning of territories, optimum ratio (interconnection) should be defined
 between strategic project decisions at macro-level and key elements of the business model of a
 particular investment project.

Practical aspects of realization of the development strategy in the tourism region

Many authors have turned their research interests to the problem of efficiency of the tourism development strategy realization. It was the result of the fact that growth and implementation of the tourism development strategies appears to be the common world trend of the last decade. This research focuses on the territorial level. The paper concentrates on the small region of the central part of Russia through the example of which the authors want to retrace the realization of the tourism development strategy adopted by the municipal authorities. The major aim of the study has several objectives associated with the theoretical analysis of practical aspects of the tourism development problem in the region. First of all, there is a need to provide a review of the literature devoted to the regional tourism efficiency evaluation. Secondly, it is necessary to measure the tourism efficiency in the region on the quantitative and qualitative level. The quantitative level re-fers to statistic data about the regional tourism. The qualitative level includes case study with self-employed individuals who set up their business in the field of rural tourism. Finally, this study has an overarching objective to identify the opportunities for the touristic potential of the small agricultural region of Mari El. It is quite currently important for the region to reveal the patterns according to which an inser-tion of private sector in the rural tourism development takes place. The research is based on international academic literature and the analysis of Russian experience.

Инструментарий привлечения сельского населения к туристской деятельности

Overcoming stereotypes of traditional employment is one of the biggest challenges in regions with a stable structure of the labor market. This primarily concerns rural areas, where agricultural activities are the main sources of labor places, but at the same time they have a pronounced seasonality and experience the negative impact of the outflow of labor. As foreign experience shows, development of rural tourism as a kind of non-agricultural activity is one of the factors saving, retention and attraction of labor resources in rural areas. However, the development of this factor often requires the implementation of targeted efforts of local and regional tourism bodies. The article is focused on the offering the system of instruments of attraction the rural population to the tourist industry. Development of instruments of involving the rural population in tourist activities is carried out in order to realize the functions of rural tourism as a factor of sustainable development of rural areas. Work with the population is an important aspect of the development of rural tourism. Owners of households have to make sure in the prospects of development of tourism activities in rural areas, and in their ability to create and manage the attractive tourism product; they also have to gain access to the necessary technologies. In this regard, we consider it expedient to offer number of instruments aimed at creating an effective system of involving the rural population in tourism activities. Increasing the involvement of the rural population in tourism activities will significantly expand the range of services, will contribute to solving the most important social issues in the areas of small towns and rural settlements and other municipal entities in the region. This article describes instruments of attracting the rural population to occupations in tourism activity, which includes measures for information and education in the field of rural tourism. Based on the authorial research of the needs of subjects of rural tourism in the methodological support the exemplary program of information and consulting arrangements is proposed.

Российский рынок сельского туризма: современное состояние, факторы устойчивого развития, особенности управления

The article deals with rural tourism as a rapidly growing sector of the tourism industry associated with the use for marketing purposes natural, cultural, historical, ethnographic and other resources in rural areas and their specific features for the creation and implementation of an integrated tourism product that reflects the image of the rural way of life and rural culture and customs, traditional rural labor. The article highlights the main problems impeding the development of rural tourism market, reveals the leading trends and factors associated with it. The authors analyze the main reasons that slow down the development of rural tourism in Russia. Based on a market research of the consumer market of Moscow identified are the basic needs of tourists in the market for rural tourism. Highlighted are the features of the market development of rural tourism in regions, in particular related to the network-centric model where the most important focus is placed for rural destinations. The authors draw attention to the role of tourism in sustainable development of rural settlements. Discussed arelegal and regulatory frameworks, incentive programs for rural tourism market. Highlighted are the priority factors for rural tourism development in regions of the Russian Federation: the legal framework of rural tourism development; support for small and medium-sized enterprises in the field of rural tourism; a network-centric unified regional marketing strategy to promote rural tourism products; formation and promotion of rural tourism products; the involvement of the population in the movement for healthy lifestyle; training for rural tourism; skills of the rural population in the field of tourism services.

Иерархия потребностей как фактор формирования трансграничной предпринимательской сети в сельском туризме

The article describes the stages in the formation of cross-border business partner networks in rural tourism with the business needs of its participants in the focus. The methodological basis of the research is the approach of A. Maslou, suggesting that human needs are organized in a hierarchical order. By analogy with the concept of Maslou, we assume that the motives of entrepreneurs which define their business activities are organized hierarchically as well. Upon reaching a certain level in the hierarchy of motivation entrepreneurs feel the need for co-operation within a network association. Progress in meeting the needs of increasingly high levels forms the motivation for qualitative development of the network association that determines the steps of forming business partner networks. This process is considered by the example of the cross-border business partner network between businesses of the Republic of Karelia and Finland in the field of rural tourism.

Perceived Socio-Cultural Impacts of Rural Tourim: A Case of That Desert of Rajasthan

Rural tourism, a diversification possibility for declining mass tourism has played a key role in the development of rural areas that were economically and socially depressed. It has been perceived as a valuable and growing sector of overall tourism market, representing a significant source of income to rural economies. The development of rural tourism like any other forms of tourism – may have unfavourable economic, social and environmental consequences for local communities. In relatively small tourism resort towns or villages, increased population and crowed especially in peak season cause noise pollution and congestion. Review in Indian context, there is really a dearth of research work in the field of rural tourism in general and desert tourism in particular. In, Rajasthan where the majority of population live in rural area; the scope of rural tourism is enormous. Current need of rural communities to diversity their economies and to replace traditional depleting industries compelled the rural economies to choose tourism as an avenue to achieve increase in income, employment and economical stability while revitalizing community’s traditional resources. The case study for this paper is from a rural area in Thar dessert of Rajasthan