Field Of Psychology Research Articles

Motivation Theories Affecting Organizational Commitment in the Workplace

In today's working life, as competition is increasing, ensuring the loyalty of employees to the organization is important for organizations to survive. In the literature, it is considered important to determine employees' attitudes toward work through motivation theories in order to ensure commitment to the organization. The sustainability of business organizations is shaped by the level of commitment of the organization's employees, and the goal of organizations is to ensure that their employees do not leave the organization, which draws attention to the importance of motivation theories for organizations. The subject of the study was to explain the evaluation of organizational commitment of organizational employees by providing support from motivation theories. The purpose of the study is to compile the attitudes of employees toward their work environment, motivation theories that affect the organizational commitment of individuals, and studies in the literature in the field of industrial and organizational psychology. The method of the research is based on the studies on organizational commitment and motivation theories in Turkey and the world between 1948 and 2023 in YÖK National Thesis Center, Google Scholar, ProQuest, ResearchGate databases such as "organization", "organizational commitment", "motivation", "motivation theories", "industrial and organizational psychology". It was reached by searching with the keywords. As a result of the search, the universe consisted of 75 articles, books, and master's and doctoral theses. 68 articles, books and dissertation materials were selected as the sample of the research. The importance of the study was explained by including the concept of organizational commitment, factors affecting organizational commitment and behavioral outcomes, motivation theories, employees' values regarding work life, factors affecting their organizational commitment, studies in the literature were evaluated and discussed within the framework of industrial and organizational psychology.

Impact of psychological entitlement on engagement in learning activities and psychological anxiety: the mediating role of envy

Psychological entitlement has appeared as a significant topic for research in the field of management and Psychology. From the perspective of social comparison theory, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of psychological entitlement on engagement in learning activities and psychological anxiety in the hotel industry. Furthermore, benign and malign envy were examined as an explanatory mechanism between psychological entitlement and its outcomes. Based on a three-wave time-lagged design, data were obtained from 242 employees working in the different hotels in Pakistan. We found that psychological entitlement’s has no direct influence on hotel employees engagement in learning activities, and psychological anxiety. In addition, the indirect effect of psychological entitlement on both outcomes (engagement in learning activities and psychological anxiety) was found significant through the mediating effect of benign and malign envy. The implications for research theory and practice are discussed.

Intolerance of uncertainty, curiosity, generalized anxiety disorder, and subjective happiness in the time of earthquakes in Türkiye

BackgroundOn February 6, 2023, a devastating earthquake disaster occurred in Türkiye, affecting millions. Mental health concerns were high due to people’s exposure to loss and possible earthquakes. In these times, variables that predict individuals’ mental health should be determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty, curiosity, generalized anxiety disorder, and subjective happiness using structural equation modeling.Participants and procedureThe research was conducted on Turkish individuals in 29 different cities in Türkiye. For the purpose of the research, data were collected from 345 participants (79.7% females, 20.3% males, age range = 18-61, Mage = 26.73 years). One hundred eighty nine of the participants were single (54.7%), 77 were married (22.4%), and the remaining 79 were in a relationship or engaged (22.9%). Additionally, it was found that 52 of the participants were parents (15.1%). In terms of socio-economic status, the majority fell into the middle-class category (n = 263, 76.2%).ResultsIt was found that intolerance to uncertainty predicted subjective happiness, and generalized anxiety disorder mediated this relationship. In addition, curiosity predicted subjective happiness, and generalized anxiety disorder mediated this relation-ship.ConclusionsAll the findings obtained in the research revealed the mental health problems experienced by individuals after the earth-quake. This research on earthquakes and mental health makes important contributions to the field of psychology.

Effect of whole-process high-quality nursing on the quality of life of acute pancreatitis patients and the mechanism of miR-126-5p/HOXC8 axis promoting the progression of acute pancreatitis.

The current research was designed to investigate the impact of whole-process high-quality nursing on acute pancreatitis (AP) patients' quality of life as well as the mechanism of miR-126-5p/HOXC8 axis promoting AP progression. One hundred AP patients admitted to our hospital were chosen and separated into control group (CG, n=50) and study group (SG, n=50). The CG took the routine nursing, while the SG adopted the whole-process high-quality nursing. Besides, cerulein (CE) was treated in AR42J cells to establish an experimental model of AP. The proliferation, apoptosis along with inflammation of CE-treated AR42J cells were assessed. The outcomes manifested that in contrast to the CG, the recovery time of bowel sound, the improvement time of abdominal distension, the improvement time of abdominal pain, the exhaust time and the defecation time in the SG presented shorter, the anxiety and depression scores in the SG presented lower, the WHOQOL-100 scores of patients in the SG presented higher in the fields of physiology, psychology, environment and social relations, the total incidence of complications of the SG presented lower, and the total nursing satisfaction of the SG was better. Besides, miR-126-5p presented upregulation in CE-stimulated AR42J cells, and miR-126-5p inhibition increased the proliferation along with repressed the apoptosis and inflammation in CE-stimulated AR42J cells. Moreover, HOXC8 could be the target mRNA of miR-126-5p, and HOXC8 elevation promoted the proliferation along with repressed the apoptosis and inflammation in CE-stimulated AR42J cells. In addition, rescue assays further validated that HOXC8 silence offset the protective impact of miR-126-5p repression on AP cell damage. In conclusion, our study indicated that whole-process high-quality nursing could promote the quality of life of AP patients, and revealed that miR-126-5p inhibition relieved CE-stimulated AR42J cells injury caused by AP via targeting HOXC8. Our study might offer novel insights for AP treatment and nursing.

Развитие принципов культурно-исторической теории в специальной педагогике и психологии

<p>The article analyzes the importance of research in the field of special education and psychology for the development of cultural-historical theory. In this article we show that the development of the principles of cultural-historical psychology should be analyzed, and problematic areas of special education are identified. We have analyzed an importance of researches on special education and psychology to better understand a correlation between learning and development, the cultural development of a child as "growing into culture", the development of the regulatory function of speech, the content of the category "development" in psychology, the role of the collective in the development of children with disabilities. For the first time in cultural-historical psychology were shown the role of interaction with a peer without disabilities in the development of higher mental functions of a child with disabilities, the importance and conditions of interaction of a special child with an adult for making a step in development, the ratio between disability and its compensation, ideas about the zone of proximal development and the patterns of abnormal development. We showed how L.S.Vygotsky's ideas on the diagnosis of abnormal development in modern special psychology work, and importnt modern studies are for better understanding of normal development. It is shown that many problems of special education (including the problems of inclusive education) pose a challenge to cultural-historical theory and can be solved using it. The article shows prospects for the development of the analyzed problem area.</p>

Investigating influential factors in group learning: personality traits, COVID-19 lockdowns and back-to-school policies

Extensive research has probed the impacts of personality traits on student satisfaction, academic anxiety, and performance, with particular attention paid to their implications during the COVID-19 pandemic. Notably, a conspicuous gap is discernible in the existing literature concerning investigations that scrutinize the influence of personality on group learning among different COVID-19 lockdown phases (e.g., pre, during, and post-lockdowns). This study endeavors to fill this gap by undertaking an examination of the fluctuations in group performance within data science curricula. This inquiry considers student cohorts comprising diverse personality traits across distinct phases of lockdowns. Through the investigation of 84 student groups, our research has unearthed intriguing correlations and patterns linking group performance with four influential factors, including personality traits, the lockdown phases (i.e., pre, during and post-lockdowns), the joint factor of lockdowns and personality traits, and the implemented COVID-19 policies (e.g., mask-wearing and social distancing) during the early-stage of back-to-schools. The interesting findings revealed from our studies have the potential to propel the advancement of our comprehension within the field of educational psychology and may serve as catalysts for heightened scrutiny of student personality traits, thereby motivating educators to refine their pedagogical approaches in collaborative learning experiences.

Sowing green seeds of mind: exploring the determinants of green mindfulness among university students

Purpose This study aims to investigate the determinants influencing green mindfulness among university students in Malaysia within the context of the Malaysia 2030 Agenda, focusing on Sustainable Development Goal 17 attainment. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a quantitative approach with a sample of 203 young adults. It explores the factors of goal difficulty, knowledge and awareness, spirituality, values and perceived university environmental responsibility (PUER), using a novel theoretical framework termed universal identity theory (IT). Findings Values, knowledge and awareness and PUER significantly contribute to green mindfulness, whereas spirituality and goal difficulty did not exhibit a substantial relationship to green mindfulness. Research limitations/implications Limited representation of diverse age groups and the potential influence of seniority on spirituality. Future research should expand the framework to include green behavior and performance, increase the sample size and consider a broader age demographic. Practical implications Universities play a crucial role in promoting green mindfulness through the establishment of rules, regulations, environmental initiatives, incentive systems and the introduction of a green mindfulness course. Clear communication channels and top-down approaches are recommended. Social implications This research contributes to understanding the mechanisms that induce green mindfulness among university students in Malaysia, aligning with national and global sustainability goals. Originality/value The universal IT provides a comprehensive understanding of how personal, social and community-based identities collectively influence green mindfulness. This theoretical perspective contributes to the environmental psychology and sustainability studies field, offering a culturally sensitive approach.

Assessment Survey and evaluation of LGBT-Psychology in Nigeria: current state and recommendations

There is no gainsaying that individuals with diverse sexual orientations and gender identities are faced with serious socio-legal, and medical discrimination following the enactment of anti-homosexuality law in Nigeria. However, not much is known of the effort of an organized body of psychology in the country to ensure adequate knowledge and competence among Nigerian psychologists. This article, therefore, appraises the stance of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) psychology in Nigeria in relation to the cardinal quadrants: Advocacy, Education, Research, and Practice. A multi-method design was adopted to sort for both primary and secondary data. Purposive sampling was adopted to involve 124 practicing psychologists. Findings revealed that the Nigerian psychology curriculum limits its scope to sexual and gender disorders (sexual dysfunction, gender dysphoria, and paraphilic disorders) while missing out on sexual and gender diversity content. Furthermore, the outcome shows that not much is documented on the contribution of the field of psychology to the knowledge of LGBT. Many of the participants had a history (and still) working with LGBT clients and did not have formal LGBT-affirmative training. The study concluded that the integration of LGBT psychology is essential for significant achievement in the space of advocacy, education, research, and professional practices.

Psychological analysis of promising research on the resource-prognostic determination of personal and professional development of a teacher

Introduction. In the modern global geopolitical situation of Russia, in order to ensure independence, self-sufficiency and competitiveness, advanced development rates, breakthrough technologies and human resources are needed as the main potential of the state. In solving this strategic task, the central place belongs to education aimed at preparing young people for the challenges of the time, thanks to teachers who have not only knowledge and experience, but, most importantly, the potential (reserves, resources, meta-resources) for an adequate assessment and analysis of the situation, constructive resolution of emerging problems and intrapersonal contradictions and forecasting the future in accordance with their own values, meanings and moral principles. In this regard, researchers are faced with the question of the need for a psychological analysis of individual (different) areas of study of resourcing, characterized by insufficient integration of these areas. Conceptual synthesis is necessary for meaningful filling of the concept of psychological resources, obtaining new knowledge and new technological solutions. The purpose of the study is to conduct a psychological analysis, synthesis and conceptualization of the most promising research results aimed at determining the conditions and means of resource-predictive determination of personal and professional development of a teacher. Materials and methods. The methodological toolkit contains an analysis of Russian and foreign research on the resource approach in various fields of psychology, the study and systematization of psychological potentials of personal and professional development of a teacher. Results. Based on the analysis of scientific papers the concept of resource-predictive determination of personal and professional development of teachers was developed. The conceptual provisions make it possible to present the meta-resource determination of the personal and professional development of teachers as a system of interrelated structural and functional components: reflective design, constructive coping, emotional and value involvement. Conclusion. The psychological analysis of research, the development of the concept have become the evidence base for the assertion that meta-resources are a predictor of personal and professional development of a teacher and contribute to improving the effectiveness of his activities.

Prenatal influences across the life course: Biobehavioral mechanisms of development.

Despite the well-established importance of prenatal experiences for offspring health throughout the lifespan, our understanding of prenatal influences on psychological outcomes faces challenges due to a wide-ranging and somewhat fragmented literature. Here, we introduce the special issue of Developmental Psychology, "Prenatal Influences Across the Life Course: Biobehavioral Mechanisms of Development," which draws together a broad collection of 12 empirical studies and one review article. These studies illustrate the diversity in biobehavioral mechanisms and biopsychosocial processes that help explain the long-term impacts of prenatal experiences on human development. Collectively, these studies help to disentangle sources of influence across different life stages (e.g., prenatal from genetic, preconception, and/or postnatal influences) and fill key gaps in the literature, such as the inclusion of minoritized populations currently underrepresented in research, the role of fathers, and protective mechanisms. The research featured in this special issue underscores both the long reach of prenatal influences on child and adolescent development as well as the challenges in observing specific biological mediators given that prenatal risks are currently operationalized as specific or broad cumulative measures. In an effort to organize this complex literature, we propose a guiding framework for how to conceptualize the continued integration of the prenatal environment into the field of developmental psychology. This framework broadens the prevailing dichotomous view of prenatal mechanisms as cumulative or specific to articulate a dimensional approach focused on adaptation. We anticipate that such an approach may uncover meaningful and observable biobehavioral mechanisms of prenatal influence on offspring development in the future. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Psychological and pharmacological treatments of intermittent explosive disorder: a meta-analysis protocol

IntroductionIntermittent explosive disorder (IED) is characterised by recurrent, sudden episodes of impulsive aggression that are disproportionate to the provocation. The condition’s management remains challenging due to the variability in treatment...

The Construction of “Mental Models”: Its Essence and Use in Various Fields of Psychology

Introduction. Mental models are a scientific psychological construct, which means that people create models of the external world in their minds and operate them to plan their activities. Today, mental models have found application in various fields: explaining the principles of human thinking and solving logical problems, creating models about time, sets, causes and effects, as well as in the field of learning, social relations, teamwork. However, in Russian, the subject of the study of mental models is practically not presented.Purpose. To examine works devoted to the study of mental models in various fields of psychology.Mental models in the field of thinking process research. A leading expert in the field of human thinking mechanisms P. N. Johnson-Laird put forward and substantiated idea, that in the process of reasoning, people actively create mental models that accompany logical operations and can influence them. Mental models are iconic, reflecting the meaning of objects of the external world, are deployed in a sequence corresponding to external events, and reflect external operations schematically.Mental models in learning. Mental models can be useful tools for constructing the educational process. Understanding and competent use of the natural mechanisms of the psyche of students can improve the process of modeling their knowledge of the world around them.Mental models in socio-psychological processes. The interaction of an individual with other people generates the process of forming their reflections in the internal space, creating models of behavior and possible reactions of others. In team interaction, an important factor in the effectiveness and viability of the team is the presence of common (team) mental models.Discussion. The use of the concept of mental models in various fields and a large number of conceptual and empirical works on this topic may indicate the universality of the phenomenon of models. Mental models as an explanatory principle are built into existing theories and enrich them.

Millennial era Islamic parenting studies: A bibliometric analysis utilizing the Scopus database

The mapping of Quranic Parenting research development and direction on publications indexed by the Scopus database is aimed to be determined in this study. Bibliometric analysis techniques were utilized to explore all Scopus-indexed publications on Quranic Parenting from 2004 to 2023. The data obtained were analyzed using Exel and R/R-Studio, with VOS-viewer employed for visual analysis of keyword co-occurrences and document citations. Twenty-nine publications meeting the established function, subject, and criteria were identified by the author. However, it should be noted that this study is limited to metadata from Scopus-indexed publications, and other national and international databases were not considered. A concise overview of the literature accessible to researchers in the field of Islamic Psychology is provided by this study, along with recommendations for future research.

PERSON’S CHOICE IN MORAL DILEMMAS SOLUTION SOCIONIC TYPE INFLUENCE

Background. The question of personality traits influence on a person's choice in solving moral issues is quite relevant and is widely represented in modern research in the personality psychology field. No one has conducted such studies using the socionic model yet. Purpose. The purpose of empirical study is to test the socionic type influence on person’s choice in moral dilemmas solving. Methodology. To conduct the research, we used methods of socionic type identification, author’s moral dilemmas solving test, factor and correlation analysis. Results. Provided factor analysis separated all questions from author’s tests into 5 factors, which we interpret like: personal safety, personal values, following public morality regulations, following the rules and laws, safety of loved ones. Correlation analysis for the factors and socionic traits revealed a positive correlation between the factor “personal safety” and the pole “Farsighted”. “Personal values” factor showed a positive correlation with the pole “Asking” and the factor “following the rules and laws” – with the pole “Result”. The factor “following public morality regulations” revealed a positive correlation with the poles “Dynamics” and “Serious”, and the factor “safety of loved ones” showed a positive correlation with the poles “Yielding”, “Tactical” and “Emotivist”. Practical implications. The findings contribute in definition of socionic traits clarification, to better understand their influence on observable human’s behavior. This ensures that practitioners who use socionic methods draw on the experimentally verified hypotheses.

EDUCAÇÃO SEXUAL PARA PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA INTELECTUAL

Intellectual disability can be understood as a set of limitations in adaptive behavioral and intellectual functioning, presented by practical, social and conceptual behavioral changes. All people go through sexual development, and people with intellectual disabilities are no exception because, like most people, they also have emotional problems, feelings, needs and sexual experiences. The relationship between inclusive education and sexuality has been the subject of much debate in the fields of psychology and education. The vast myths surrounding the sexuality of people with intellectual disabilities reinforce inequalities related to the sexuality of others. In this way, we intend to reflect and recognize the relevance of legitimate and effective sexual education for people with intellectual disabilities. Therefore, this study uses a literature review to organize the thinking of different authors and scholars on related topics, divided into three themes. In the first topic, we will briefly review the epidemiology, etiology and risk factors for people with intellectual disabilities. In the second part we will discuss aspects related to sexuality in people with intellectual disabilities. In the third point we will present the possibilities and strategies of sexual education for people with intellectual disabilities.

The Role of Emotional Intelligence in the Therapeutic Process of Counselling Psychology

Emotional intelligence (EI) has garnered significant attention in the field of psychology, particularly within the realm of counselling psychology. Defined as the ability to recognize, understand, manage, and utilize emotions effectively in oneself and others, emotional intelligence has been found to play a crucial role in personal and professional success. In the context of counselling psychology, emotional intelligence is especially pertinent, influencing both the therapist's effectiveness and the therapeutic outcomes for clients. This paper aims to explore the multifaceted role of emotional intelligence in the therapeutic process, examining its impact on the therapeutic relationship, intervention strategies, and client outcomes, and providing insights into how emotional intelligence can be integrated into counselor training and practice.

Motivations to become psychotherapists: beyond the concept of the wounded healer.

Motivations to become psychotherapists have long been associated with the concept of the wounded healer, which posits that practitioners entering the field of mental health often do so as a result of their own personal struggles and challenges. Early difficulties and wounds are seen as a source of healers' capacity to comprehend and promote the processes of recovery, fostering a deeper connection between the healer and the person seeking support. Nevertheless, other factors not directly linked with early adversities have been posited to have an influence on the development of motivations towards pursuing a career in the psychological field. The present work aimed to review available empirical literature on the motivations to become psychotherapists, encompassing the concept of the wounded healer as well as other possible factors shaping practitioners' career choice. Three main domains of motivations have been addressed within the wounded healer framework: dysfunctional caregiving, negative personal experiences in the family of origin, and other early relational issues. Additionally, two other main domains, namely self-oriented and altruistic motivations, have been identified, and the concept of the healing healer was proposed to underline both the self-oriented healing process that a person may undergo while becoming a therapist, as well as the altruistic attitude in providing healing care towards others. Results were discussed addressing possible links between conscious and unconscious motivations to become therapists as well as in terms of clinical implications for practitioners in the field of clinical psychology.

Higher Education in China during the Pandemic: Analyzing Online Self-Learning Motivation Using Bayesian Networks

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented shift towards online learning, compelling university students worldwide to engage in self-directed learning within remote environments. Despite the increasing importance of online education, the factors driving students’ motivation for self-directed online learning, particularly those involving economic incentives, have not been thoroughly explored. This study aims to address this gap by analyzing large-scale data collected from 19,023 university students across China during the pandemic. Using mixed Bayesian networks and multigroup structural equation modeling, the study explores the complex relationships between personal characteristics, academic characteristics, the academic environment, and students’ motivation for self-directed online learning. The results reveal significant associations between online self-directed learning motivation and personal characteristics. such as gender and age, academic characteristics, such as education level and learning incentives, and the geographic location of the school within the academic environment. Moreover, the causal relationship between school location and online self-directed learning motivation varies by gender and educational level. This research not only provides new empirical support for the theoretical framework of online learning motivation but also contributes to the broader fields of educational psychology and online learning research.

Consumer decision‐making in cosmetic surgery: An interdisciplinary review identifying key challenges and implications for marketing theory

AbstractConsumer interest in cosmetic surgery has grown tremendously in recent years. However, despite the long‐lasting implications of cosmetic surgery decisions on consumer well‐being, existing insights on these decisions remain limited and scattered across various fields. Through an interdisciplinary bibliometric review, we identify that previous research has primarily focused on five aspects shaping consumers' decisions in cosmetic surgery: (1) differing perspectives, (2) social drivers, (3) individual drivers, (4) online media content, and (5) influences relevant to labiaplasty. These investigations stem from the fields of psychology, sociology, communication, and healthcare and aim to understand especially consumer intentions to undergo surgery at the pre‐consumption stage. In this research, we delineate how marketing researchers can advance insights along the entire consumer surgery journey (i.e., pre‐consumption, consumption, and post‐consumption stage) through a better understanding of (i) the phenomenon and its different treatments, (ii) the role of identity, (iii) stakeholder interactions, and (iv) how social media and technology shape cosmetic surgery decisions. Finally, we highlight how studying these topics can contribute to marketing theory through novel insights on the self and identity, the body's meaning in consumption, and self‐enhancement practices.

CERN for AI: a theoretical framework for autonomous simulation-based artificial intelligence testing and alignment

This paper explores the potential of a multidisciplinary approach to testing and aligning artificial intelligence (AI), specifically focusing on large language models (LLMs). Due to the rapid development and wide application of LLMs, challenges such as ethical alignment, controllability, and predictability of these models emerged as global risks. This study investigates an innovative simulation-based multi-agent system within a virtual reality framework that replicates the real-world environment. The framework is populated by automated 'digital citizens,' simulating complex social structures and interactions to examine and optimize AI. Application of various theories from the fields of sociology, social psychology, computer science, physics, biology, and economics demonstrates the possibility of a more human-aligned and socially responsible AI. The purpose of such a digital environment is to provide a dynamic platform where advanced AI agents can interact and make independent decisions, thereby mimicking realistic scenarios. The actors in this digital city, operated by the LLMs, serve as the primary agents, exhibiting high degrees of autonomy. While this approach shows immense potential, there are notable challenges and limitations, most significantly the unpredictable nature of real-world social dynamics. This research endeavors to contribute to the development and refinement of AI, emphasizing the integration of social, ethical, and theoretical dimensions for future research.