Field Of Information Systems Research Articles

The pursuit of relevance and impact: A review of the immediate response of the information systems field to COVID‐19

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic demanded an immediate response from the research community, including adjustment to how researchers undertake research. As in many fields, information systems scholars attempted ‘rapid response’ research that addresses the immediate crisis. This paper reviews the state of the immediate research and scholarly discussion in the information systems field. Seventy‐one journal papers are reviewed. The review categorises nine thematic areas and one broad area of discussion. The methods by which information systems scholars address immediate research questions are identified. The contributions are discussed, future research directions are outlined and a model is proposed that traces the pathway from initiation of research/generation of new knowledge to practice impact. A further model is proposed to help information systems scholars clearly establish the link between the study of information systems phenomena and COVID‐19.

With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility

Partial least squares (PLS) offers multiple advantages as a composite-based structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. PLS enables scholars to examine the measurement model and structural model simultaneously and often requires fewer assumptions than factor-based SEM techniques. For these reasons and more, PLS offers great power for researchers who wish to use a SEM-based approach to evaluate a research model. However, with the great power of PLS also comes great responsibility. Scholars should determine if PLS is appropriate to use within their context, and scholars should explain their rationale for employing PLS for data analysis. Recognizing the power and responsibility associated with PLS is important since many scholars have called for an abandonment of PLS within the information systems discipline and beyond. We reviewed articles from four premier journals within the information systems field from 2017-2020 that use PLS as an analysis technique. Based on this review, we identify recommendations for scholars seeking to embrace the power and responsibility of using composite-based SEM to analyze research models.

The influence of career panels on student perceptions, attitudes, and intentions toward the information systems profession

ABSTRACTExposure to role models has been recommended as a way to attract and retain students in Information Systems (IS) programs. One way to accomplish this exposure in IS classrooms is with career panels of alumni professionals who offer a realistic perspective of various IS‐related roles and can frankly answer questions from students. For this study, we developed a comprehensive survey instrument based on published literature in order to examine the perceptions and attitudes of business students pre‐ and post‐ exposure to career panels and to validate that career panels indeed positively influence student perceptions and attitudes about IS. Female role models have also been espoused as a way to mitigate negative stereotypes, such as the IS field being a masculine domain or that a desirable work‐life balance is difficult to achieve. Our experimental design varied the gender mix of professionals between all‐male, all‐female, and mixed panels. We found that perceptions affect attitudes, and attitudes, in turn, influence intention to study IS. We also found that these role models positively influence perceptions of IS and that mixed panels influence perceptions more than all‐female and all‐male panels. In addition, we found that female students do not respond differently than male students to all‐female panels.

The Influence of Technostress Factors on Information System Success

Information systems (IS) are one of the factors that catalyze the success of an organization. Apart from assisting in the delivery process, the system can also affect the nature of its users which in turn will also affect the level of delivery of the organization. Mathematical Communication Theory has stated that in the process of conveying information, there are disturbances that will disrupt the communication process and one of them is psychological disorders. Psychological disorders related to technology, ie technostress are seen as very synonymous and can affect the user’s behavior of the systems. Indirectly, it can also affect the level of productivity and quality of delivery of an organization. Ironically, studies looking at this issue are missing, hence the motivation of this paper to propose technostress factors and investigate its relationship in information system success. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to study the effect of technostress factors and its impact on the system success. This study was conducted using a quantitative approach where questionnaires are used as a medium for data collection. The results of this study prove that the dimension of psychological influence (technostress) introduced as a new dimension has had a significant impact on the information systems success. The most important contribution of this study is the combination of two fields of study, namely the field of information system and the field of psychology in producing a model of information system success that is able to measure the success of an information system more comprehensively.

Accountability of platform providers for unlawful personal data processing in their ecosystems–A socio-techno-legal analysis of Facebook and Apple's iOS according to GDPR

Billions of people interact within platform-based ecosystems containing the personal data of their daily lives. Data which have become rigorously creatable, processable, and shareable. Here, platform providers facilitate interactions between three types of relevant actors: users, service providers, and third parties. Research in the information systems field has shown that platform providers influence their platform ecosystems to promote the contributions of service providers and exercise control by utilizing boundary resources. Through a socio-techno-legal analysis of two high-profile cases and their application on the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) we show that the boundary resource design, arrangement, and interplay can influence whether and to what extent platform providers are accountable for platform providers unlawful personal data processing in platform ecosystems. The findings can have a huge impact to account actors for personal data misusage in platform ecosystems and, thus, the protection of personal liberty and rights in such socio-technical systems.

Moderated mediation and J-curve emergence in path models: an information systems research perspective

PurposeJ-curve relationship analyses can provide valuable insights to information systems (IS) researchers. This paper aims to discuss moderated mediation in IS research and the related emergence of J-curve relationships.Design/methodology/approachBuilding on an illustrative study in the field of IS, the author Lays out three steps to combine moderation and J-curve analyses, with the goal of more fully understanding the underlying moderated mediation relationships. The paper proposes a new segmentation delta method to test for J-curve emergence, as part of this framework.FindingsThe paper shows, in the context of this study, the complementarity of moderation and J-curve analyses.Research limitations/implicationsCurrently, IS researchers rarely conduct moderation and J-curve analyses in a complementary way, even though there are software tools, and related methods, which allow them to do so in a relatively straightforward way.Originality/valueThe analyses were conducted with the software WarpPLS, a widely used tool that allows for moderated mediation and J-curve analyses, in a way that is fully compatible with the set of steps presented in this paper.

Seven Important Theories in Information Management and Information System Empirical Research: A Systematic Review and Future Directions

AbstractThe fragmentation of fundamental theory has increasingly affected the development of information management (IM) and information system (IS) empirical research, while limited attempts have been made to systematically review the theories which are fundamental to the extant IM and IS literature. Therefore, based on the analysis of the empirical studies in the IM and IS field in the past 20 years, we identify seven relatively important but less summarized theories in the IM and IS field: transactive memory system (TMS), impression management, flow, structural holes, resource dependence theory (RDT), social presence theory (SPT), and the illusion of control (IC). Hence, we try to offer a systematic review of these theories by synthesizing the extant findings while identifying the possible directions for future studies. Our review made several significant contributions to both proposing theoretical and methodological trends in the respective theories.

The drivers and effects of burnout within an information technology work context: a job demands-resources framework

PurposeThe purpose of this empirical study is to explore the drivers and effects of a multidimensional conceptualization of burnout for information technology (IT) personnel using the job demands-resources framework.Design/methodology/approachUsing survey data from 247 IT professionals, the authors analyzed our model using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), a composite-based method.FindingsThe authors find that job demands and job resources differently influence the dimensions of burnout, and the burnout dimensions influenced turnover intention (leave the organization) and turnaway intention (leave the field) except for cynicism, which did not affect turnover intention. The authors’ findings suggest that managers and human resource professionals may want to look beyond managing work exhaustion and consider focusing on the professional efficacy dimension of burnout to keep their IT professionals from leaving the organization and the IT industry.Originality/valueThis study highlights the need for researchers in the information systems field to rethink using exhaustion as a proxy for the burnout construct as focusing on work exhaustion does not tell the full story for IT professionals. Additionally, the findings indicate that job-related burnout affects not only IT professional's turnover intention but also turnaway intention. Last, psychosocial mentoring did not directly influence any of the burnout components but indirectly influenced all three components.

Route Search and Planning: A Survey

Route search and planning have been playing an important role in spatial data management and location-based social services. In this light, we conduct a survey on existing literature regarding route search and planning. We present detailed description for each representative study of route search and route planning. This survey summarizes the findings of existing route search and route planning studies, thus uncovering some new insights that may guide researchers and software engineers in the fields of spatial data management and geographical information systems.

A Pilot Study on the Impact of ICT and New Media on Society and Culture

Communication is vital for human existence. In all social structures and cultural practices, communication is very important. The development of culture and society is greatly influenced by how individuals interact, interpret information, and communicate with one another. The last few years have seen significant development in the field of Information and Communication Systems. These systems have changed the way people communicated a few years back. It is not only the communication pattern but these systems have immense capacity to create, capture, compute and distort information just in a matter of seconds. This has posed a big challenge to existing society and culture. As with every change in the way we consume and communicate information, there is a new struggle over meaning, significance, knowledge, and power. Old rules, orders, and beliefs cannot be applied perfectly under the new regime and thus formations of power, significance, and meaning of knowledge are all under threat from these changes. This work is an attempt to study these new means of information and communication systems in terms of their impact on our society and culture. The study is concentrated on understanding how ICT, New media, and Internet are playing their roles in our cultural formation and adaptation of society. The concluding part of this work is to see the role of these technologies in the current scenario and draw conclusions from them.

Designing an Expert System for the Diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma by Using Rough Set Theory

Background: One of the most interesting and important topics in the field of information systems and knowledge management is the concept of eliciting rules and collecting the knowledge of human experts in various subjects to be used in expert systems. Many scientists have used decision support systems to support businesses or organizational decision-making activities, including clinical decision support systems for medical diagnosis. Objective: In this study, a rough set based expert system is designed for the diagnosis of one type of blood cancer called multiple myeloma. In order to improve the validity of generated models, three condition attributes that define the shape of “Total protein”, “Beta2%” and “Gamma%” are added to the models to improve the decision attribute value domain. Method: In this study, 1100 serum protein electrophoresis tests are investigated and based on these test results, 15 condition attributes are defined. Four different rule models are obtained through extracting rules from reducts. Janson and Genetic Algorithm with "Full" and "ORR" approaches have been used to generate reducts. Results: The GA/ORR of the information system with 87% accuracy is used as an inference engine of an expert system and a unique user interface is designed to automatically analyze test results based on these generated models. Gamma% is detected as a core attribute of the information system. Conclusion: Based on the results of generating reducts, the Gamma% attribute is detected as a core of the information system. This means that information, which is resulted from this conditional attribute, has the greatest impact on the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. The GA/ORR model with 87% accuracy is selected as the inference engine of the expert system and finally, a unique user interface is created to help specialists diagnose multiple myeloma.

Research Framework for Determining How Artificial Intelligence Enables Information Technology Service Management for Business Model Resilience

Information technology service management (ITSM) driven by artificial intelligence (AI), i.e., AITSM, is likely to change business models and enterprise operations substantially, setting off a wave of enterprise AI transformation. Empowerment from AI has brought new vitality and challenges to ITSM capabilities, and enterprises must start thinking about how the capability of AITSM can be reactivated to shape the resilience of business models and meet survival needs in complex and ever-changing environments. To systematically achieve the development of enterprise business model resilience under AITSM, this study combines the actual situation of ITSM and enterprise AI transformation practice and then deconstruct it into three sub-research questions along the primary line of driver identification–model construction–paradigm optimization. We retrieve high-quality literature in the field of information systems from common databases and discuss the topics of AITSM and business model resilience. This study finds that future research should focus on forming an accurate description of the resilience demand of business models in the current era, and thus, better explain the value cocreation process between AITSM and business units. In addition, future research should emphasize the dynamic and strategic nature of business model resilience to study the continuous optimization of business models with the help of AITSM.

Change Management Perceptions in Portuguese Hospital Institutions through ITIL

Organizations function in complex, dynamic and unpredictable environments. Implementing changes must therefore be well planned, managed, and evaluated as such ongoing efforts link organizational performance to peer competitiveness and sustainability. In an era challenged with technological innovations, it is crucial to understand how new changes can leverage traditional methodologies and services supported by information and technology systems. As information-intensive organizations such as hospitals are highly dependent on changing information and technological systems, this understanding is key to evolve next generation hospitals. Specifically, this study analyzes how hospital managers in Portugal relate change to information systems’ management based on Information Technology Infrastructure Library methodology. The relationship between change and information technologies services is not sufficiently clarified and constitutes an excellent opportunity to increase knowledge in the field of information systems.

A Method of Optimizing Terrain Rendering Using Digital Terrain Analysis

Terrain rendering is an important issue in Geographic Information Systems and other fields. During large-scale, real-time terrain rendering, complex terrain structure and an increasing amount of data decrease the smoothness of terrain rendering. Existing rendering methods rarely use the features of terrain to optimize terrain rendering. This paper presents a method to increase rendering performance through precomputing roughness and self-occlusion information making use of GIS-based Digital Terrain Analysis. Our method is based on GPU tessellation. We use quadtrees to manage patches and take surface roughness in Digital Terrain Analysis as a factor of Levels of Detail (LOD) selection. Before rendering, we first regularly partition the terrain scene into view cells. Then, for each cell, we calculate its potential visible patch set (PVPS) using a visibility analysis algorithm. After that, A PVPS Image Pyramid is built, and each LOD level has its corresponding PVPS. The PVPS Image Pyramid is stored on a disk and is read into RAM before rendering. Based on the PVPS Image Pyramid and the viewpoint’s position, invisible terrain areas that are not culled through view frustum culling can be dynamically culled. We use Digital Elevation Model (DEM) elevation data of a square area in Henan Province to verify the effectiveness of this method. The experiments show that this method can increase the frame rate compared with other methods, especially for lower camera flight heights.

Evaluating Models and Effective Factors Obtained from Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) in the Prediction of Forest Fire Risk, Structured Review

Fire is a phenomenon occurs in most parts of the world and causes severe financial losses and sometimes, irreparable damages. Many parameters are involved in the occurrence of a fire; some of which are constant over time (at least in a fire cycle), but the others are dynamic and vary over time. Unlike the earthquake, the disturbance of fire depends on a set of physical, chemical, and biological relations. Monitoring the changes to predict the occurrence of fire is efficient in forest management.Method: In this research, the Persian and English databases were structurally searched using the keywords of fire risk modeling, fire risk, fire risk prediction, and remote sensing and the reviewed papers that reviewed predicted the fire risk in the field of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System were retrieved. Then, the modeling and zoning data of fire risk prediction were extracted and analyzed in a descriptive manner. Accordingly, the study was conducted in 1995-2017. Findings: Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) zoning method was more practical among the applied methods and the plant moisture stress measurement was the most efficient among the remote sensing indices.Discussion and Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate that RS and GIS are an effective tool in the study of fire risk prediction.

From Digital Technology to Digital Entrepreneurship: Connotation, Characteristics and Internal Connection

With the outbreak of new technologies such as big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence, the field of digital entrepreneurship, characterized by the intersection and integration of digital technology and entrepreneurship, is profoundly changing the model of economic growth, the shape of the real economy and the industrial layout. In recent years, the research on digital entrepreneurship has become increasingly attractive. Scholars from different fields such as information system, entrepreneurship and innovation, and strategic management have joined this emerging field, and its interdisciplinary nature has become increasingly prominent. However, the current research is still in the initial stage. The understanding of the two basic concepts of digital technology and digital entrepreneurship is not thorough enough, and the relevant research is fragmented. In addition, the lack of deep understanding of the underlying logic of how digital technologies impact entrepreneurial activities has limited the development of the field.Based on an interdisciplinary perspective, this study reviews research on digital technology as well as digital entrepreneurship by selecting literatures published in the fields of information systems and entrepreneurship management in the past 20 years. Based on this, the concept connotation and characteristics of digital technology and digital entrepreneurship are defined. Digital technology is defined as the latest development of ICT technology, including the physical part, the logical part, and the result part. The characteristic of digital technology is classified into four categories and ten specific types. Digital entrepreneurship refers to the process of identifying, evaluating and exploiting opportunities through the creation or use of digital technologies, and ultimately creating, distributing and acquiring value. It is characterized in five dimensions, namely as digitalization, innovation, openness, flexibility and value.Then, a BREAK theoretical framework is built to explain the mechanism of how digital technologies shape the characteristics of digital entrepreneurship. This study holds that the “break” of digital technology to the process of digital entrepreneurship is realized through five mechanisms, namely Build, Reconfigure, Enhance, Amplify and Keep. At present, the shaping of digital technology to digital entrepreneurship’s characteristics of digitalization and openness is inclined to “disruptive breaking”, the shaping of innovation and flexibility is similar to “improved breaking”, and the shaping of value is both. Considering that digital technology has a strong potential for action, its “breaking effect” on digital entrepreneurial activities is not static, but gradually evolves from incremental improvement to qualitative disruption with the deepening of technology application.Finally, we propose several directions for future research. Based on the BREAK framework, we argue that there are great theoretical value and research potential in the identification and development of data resource value, the strategic balance between the open and control of digital firms, the transformation of the firm’s business logic in the digital era, the multidimensional influences of digital innovation. This study deepens our understanding of digital entrepreneurship through promoting the research question from “what is the digital entrepreneurship” to “why digital entrepreneurship happens”. Further, this study promotes the transformation of digital entrepreneurship research from the explicit description of practical phenomena to in-depth analysis of the internal theoretical logic, thus contributes to the development of digital entrepreneurship field.

Trend Information System Research Topics in the SINTA Journal for the Period 2015-2019

Information systems discipline has developed rapidly over time. Based on 533 information systems study programs in Indonesia, it is possible to have a variety of information systems research topics. However, there is no research on information system topic trends in Indonesia. So, this research aims to determine the trend of research topics in the field of information systems in Indonesia in 2015-2019 based on the publication of the journal SINTA. The method used is qualitative non-interactive. Based on the analysis of documents on the results of data collection on the Google Scholar database using the Publish or Perish tools, the research adopted the recommended PRISMA in improving the quality of systematic reviews and better readers' understanding. The determination of the research topic was based on the abstract content, keywords and referred to the IS ACM Curricula and previous research. The results of this study can be used as academic references in gaining new insights into the field of information systems. The results of the study based on 1917 raw data obtained from data collection in the journal publication SINTA 2, SINTA 3, and SINTA 4 showed that the topic "Application Development" was a trending topic with the highest percentage, namely 31%, the topic of "Decision Support System" 11% and "System Analysis and Design "10%. The new issues that arose were "Internet of Things", "Machine Learning" and "Artificial Intelligence". Information systems research in Indonesia varies widely, although some studies have a low percentage.

Media multiplicity and collaborative innovation with suppliers: evidence from China

PurposeBased on media choice theories and real option theory, this study aims to explore the role of communication media portfolio in achieving collaborative innovation with suppliers.Design/methodology/approachUsing data of the Study of Competitiveness, Technology and Firm Linkages 2002 collected by the World Bank and the Enterprise Survey Organization of the Chinese National Bureau of Statistics, this study employed logit model to test the hypotheses. Moreover, some robustness analyses were conducted.FindingsThis study suggests that media multiplicity increases the probability for a firm to achieve collaborative innovation with suppliers on the basis of real option theory. Furthermore, distance from the suppliers and relationship formality make media multiplicity further important in collaborative innovation with suppliers.Originality/valueThrough investing how communication media portfolio affecting collaborative innovation with suppliers and the contingency factors, this study complements existing studies just concentrating on supplier capabilities, relationships with suppliers and characteristics of supplier network. Moreover, this study contributes in the information system field by exploring the role of media portfolio rather than individual media.

An Analysis on Polygonal Approximation Techniques for Digital Image Boundary

Polygonal approximation (PA) techniques have been widely applied in the field of pattern recognition, classification, shape analysis, identification, 3D reconstruction, medical imaging, digital cartography, and geographical information system. In this paper, we focus on some of the key techniques used in implementing the PA algorithms. The PA can be broadly divided into three main category, dominant point detection, threshold error method with minimum number of break points and break points approximation by error minimization. Of the above three methods, there has been always a tradeoff between the three classes and optimality, specifically the optimal algorithm works in a computation intensive way with a complexity ranges from O (N2) to O (N3).The heuristic methods approximate the curve in a speedy way, however they lack in the optimality but have linear time complexity. Here a comprehensive review on major PA techniques for digital planar curve approximation is presented.

Application of a geostatistical algorithm for correcting well logging data when modelling complex hydrocarbon deposits at the stage of additional field exploration

Background. Additional exploration of oil and gas reserves requires the application of information technologies for modelling all technological processes and interpreting the results of geophysical well logging. Reliable models of the object under exploration and the use of best practices in the field of information systems reduce investment risks associated with planning exploration works, at the same time as optimizing the planning and design of the entire process of field development.Aim. Optimization of the selection process of multivolume, multiparameter logging data when modelling a complex oil reservoir at the stage of additional field exploration, grouping well data by quality, completeness and uniformity of their distribution over the study area, as well as identifying inaccuracies (errors) in the field data (registration of signals in probes, errors in measurements of directional survey, borehole picks, etc.).Materials and methods. Examples of well logging interpretation for a complex reservoir are given, along with its distribution options for a constructed lithology cube (2D, 3D) based on the data obtained during drilling from one pilot borehole – a horizontal well, a sidetrack and a directional well. It was established that the data obtained when distributing the reservoir and modelling the lithology cube of a complex development target can be significantly different for wells located close to each other. The results obtained when constructing 2D and 3D models by different specialists revealed discrepancies in the interpretation and cross-well correlation of well sections.Results. Local zones with a sharp change in the structure were established, in particular, the concentration of extrema around some wells. The presence of such anomalies points to the presence of wells, for which the values of stratigraphic depth marks for wells located close to each other are quite different. A geostatistical algorithm was applied to correct the well data using the “sliding window” method, which became a solution for the most accurate determination of the depths of the object under exploration.Conclusions. The possibility of using a geostatistical algorithm for correcting well data based on multiparameter geophysical data was assessed; the current state of modelling the processes of exploration and development of oil fields with a complex geological structure was analysed.