FF Values Research Articles

Investigation of radioactivity concentration of 137Cs, 90Sr and 129I radioisotopes in thyroid samples

In this study, the gross alpha and beta activities and 137Cs, 90Sr and 129I radionuclide concentrations in the feeds and thyroid samples obtained from a certain number of sheep, which were fed by Fırat University (Elazığ) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine with varying amounts of fresh lucerne, fodder, silage, straw and concentrate feed were determined. The 137Cs, 90Sr and 129I radionuclide transfer coefficients were also determined. 90Sr and 129I are beta-emitting radionuclides. Sheep with high 90Sr and 129I radionuclide concentrations also have high gross beta radioactivity levels. When an intragroup comparison is performed, the radionuclide concentration in a sheep fed with maximum feed is at the highest level and vice versa. Moreover, the 137Cs, 90Sr and 129I radionuclide transfer coefficients (Ff) for the thyroid samples obtained from the sheep vary between 0.4 × 10−1 – 8.1 × 10−1 d kg−1, 0.4 × 10−2 − 6.1 × 10−1 d kg−1 and 0.4 × 10−1 − 7.3 × 10−1 d kg−1, respectively, and are higher than the expected Ff values and the results obtained in similar studies. The Ff values calculated for the thyroid samples of the straw and fodder group are lower than the Ff values calculated for the thyroid samples of the silage and fresh lucerne group. The radionuclide concentrations for 129I were found to be higher than 90Sr's in the thyroid samples.

Evaluation of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy activity by using magnetic resonance fat quantification technology

Objective To explore the value of magnetic resonance fat quantification technology (MR mDixon-quant) in evaluating thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) activity. Methods Case control study was performed.Fifty patients (100 eyes) with TAO which met Mourits criterion were enrolled from September 2016 to March 2018 in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region People's Hospital.The TAO patients were grouped by clinical activity score (CAS). Twenty nine patients (58 eyes) with CAS≥3 served as TAO active group, twenty one patients (42 eyes) with CAS<3 served as TAO non-active group.Twenty three healthy subjects (46 eyes) were collected as normal control group at the same time.All subjects underwent orbital MR mDixon-quant and MR imaging.Orbital fat content (FF values) and exophthalmus was calculated on MR work-station.FF values and degree of exophthalmus were analyzed by analysis of variance.The correlation of FF values and CAS in TAO patients was conducted by Spearman rank correlation analysis.The cut-off values of FF in predicting TAO activity was determined by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve.The Kappa consistency test was chosen to assess the consistency of CAS and FF values.Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to analyze the intra-observer and inter-observer repeatability of the FF values and the degree of exophthalmus.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region People's Hospital (No.20160718). All the candidates signed informed consent. Results The FF values were (85.190±4.346)%, (88.715±5.686)% and (82.345±5.445)% in TAO active group, TAO inactive group and normal control group, respectively, with a significant difference among the 3 groups (F=17.072, P<0.001). The FF values of TAO active group and TAO inactive group were significantly higher than that of control group, and the FF value of TAO active group was significantly lower than that of TAO inactive group (all at P<0.01). The degrees of exophthalmos were (20.221±1.714), (20.855±2.103) and (15.363±1.667)mm in TAO active group, TAO inactive group and normal control group, respectively, with a significant difference among the three groups (F=126.298, P<0.01). The degrees of exophthalmos in TAO active group and TAO inactive group were significantly higher than that in normal control group (both at P<0.01), there was no statistical difference in degrees of exophthalmos between TAO active group and TAO inactive group (P<0.05). Spearman rank correlation revealed that FF value was negative correlated with CAS (rs=-0.443, P<0.01). The cut-off value of FF value was 87.180%, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 74.14%(43/58), 66.67%(28/42), 75.44%(43/57), 65.12%(28/43) and 71.00%(71/100), respectively.There were consistencies of FF values with the CAS (Kappa=0.431, P<0.001). The intra-observe and inter-observer reproducibility were fairly good for FF value (ICC=0.953, 0.920) and degree of exophthalmus (ICC=0.935, 0.917). Conclusions MR mDixon-quant can quantitative measure orbital fat with good measurement repeatability.Fat quantification technology by MR is valuable in evaluating TAO activity. Key words: Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy; mDixon-quant; Fat quantification; Activity

Dihydrophenazine‐based double‐anchoring dye for dye‐sensitized solar cells

AbstractA novel dihydrophenazine‐based organic di‐anchoring dye DK‐11 was synthesized by utilizing a simple synthetic protocol. The dye was characterized by optical and electrochemical studies and used as a sensitizer for dye‐sensitized solar cell. The proposed butterfly structure was supported by IR experiments which ensured the binding of both carboxylic acid units on the semiconductor surface. Using the dye DK‐11, the device generated an efficiency of 5.07% with JSC, VOC, and FF values of 10.65 mA/cm2, 0.67 V, and 0.71, respectively.

Effect of PQT-12 interface layer on the performance of PCDTBT: PCBM bulk heterojunction solar cells

The effect of PQT-12 interface layer on the performance of PCDTBT:PCBM based bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) is reported in this paper. The PQT-12 interface layer is obtained by cost and material effective technique, floating film transfer method (FTM). It is shown that the use of FTM-based PQT-12 HTL significant improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the OSCs over only PEDOT:PSS HTL based OSCs. The OSC has the maximum values of JSC (=5.62 mA cm−2), VOC (=562 mV) and FF (=0.33) in the PQT-12 incorporated structure due to efficient carrier transfer at the interface. The PCE of nearly twice of the only PEDOT:PSS HTL OSC is obtained in case of the PQT-12/PEDOT:PSS structure.

P.298Will qNMRI-based FF trajectories help in the prediction of disease progression in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a study in forearm muscle?

Several studies in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) have shown trajectories of mostly functional outcome measures across several years. Additionally, longitudinal quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (qNMRI) data have been subject of a series of studies in recent years. Here, we present longitudinal qNMRI data in forearm for up to seven years in the AFM Genethon-sponsored DMD natural history study. We wanted to investigate how well disease progression could be predicted using a sigmoidal model. A 3-point Dixon-based fat-water separation NMRI sequence (TE1/TE2/TE3= 2.75/3.95/5.15 ms; TR = 10 ms) was obtained on a clinical 3T Siemens scanner at one-year intervals in forearm muscles. Thirty-five DMD boys (12.6±3.3 years) were included of which 29 subjects had at least two NMR scans. A two-parameter sigmoidal model was fitted on each FF trajectory with the following constraints: FF at age=0 years is smaller than 1%; slopes > 0; asymptote at 90% FF. Trajectories were fitted in four different ways: using 1, 2, 3 and 4 time points (with 1 time point being every next year) and, consequently, the difference between the actual measured FF and the fitted FF value on subsequent time points was calculated. This initial analysis was performed on 8 of 35 subjects who all had 5 consecutive yearly NMR exams. When using just the first time point to fit the trajectories an average error on the actual measured FF of 4.0%, 5.7%, 5.9% and 8.4% were observed for the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th time point, respectively. Using the first two time points in the fit, an error of 4.3%, 8.4% and 11.0% were observed for the 3rd, 4th and 5th time point, respectively. Using the first three time points in the fit, an error of 4.9% and 7.0% were observed for the 4th and 5th time point, respectively. Using the first four time points, an error of 3.8% was obtained for the 5th time point. These data indicate that, at least when using a 3rd and 4th time point in the sigmoidal fitting, the error on the FF values for subsequent time points decreases. In this subset, adding a 2nd time point did not decrease the difference with the actual measured FF values, due to some trajectories deviating strongly from the imposed sigmoid. Further investigations on the models used are necessary to assess whether FF trajectories can actually be used to predict disease progression.

Tidal variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organophosphate esters in the coastal seawater of Dalian, China

We investigated the tidal variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) in water dissolved phase from a coastal area of Dalian, China, as well as their air-water exchange trends. The concentrations of PAHs and OPEs in water were in the range of 50.5–74.7 ng/L and 21.6–61.5 ng/L, respectively. Phenanthrene (PHE) was the dominant congener followed by fluorene (FLU) for PAHs, while tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) dominated for OPEs. PAHs in coastal water showed a tidal variability, but not for OPEs, which may due to the influence of occasional wastewater discharges of OPEs. The source apportionments using principle component analysis and positive matrix factorization suggested that PAHs in the coastal water mainly came from oil spill from ships, coal combustion, and petroleum combustion, while OPEs were derived from diverse sources. The fugacity fractions (ff) suggested that ACY, ACE, FLU, PHE, TCEP, and TPHP volatilized from water into air, while TNBP, TCIPP, and TDCIPP deposited from air into water, and FLA, PYR, BaA, CHR, and EHDPP reached equilibrium. The ff values varied slightly with tidal circle, but the variations were not enough to alter the air-water exchange directions of those compounds. Although the influences of tide on the air-water exchange of PAHs and OPEs were limited, tide still played an important role on the transports and diffusions of those chemicals in the coastal water, which requires further studies.

Ru(II) porphyrins as sensitizers for DSSCs: Axial vs. peripheral carboxylate anchoring group

In this study, two porphyrin chromophores metallated with ruthenium, RuTBP and RuTBPPy, were prepared and studied as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The difference between the two dyes is the position (axial vs. peripheral) of the carboxylic anchoring group. This work examines the impact of this variation towards the optical, electrochemical and photovoltaic performance of DSSCs. The thorough photophysical and photovoltaic measurements indicated that the peripherally substituted sensitizer (RuTBP) presented higher photovoltaic performance compared to RuTBPPy. More specifically, DSSCs sensitized with RuTBP and RuTBPPy displayed an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.12% and 4.08%, respectively. The higher PCE value of the DSSC sensitized with RuTBP is mainly attributed to the enhancement of [Formula: see text] and FF values. These factors were enhanced due to the efficient dye regeneration process, the suppression of back-charge recombination reactions and the longer electron lifetimes as evidenced from the electrochemical impedance spectra.

Morphological Study of Blend Thin Films of Poly(3-hexylthiophene)-&lt;i&gt;block&lt;/i&gt;-polyisobutylene-&lt;i&gt;block&lt;/i&gt;-poly(3-hexylthiophene):Poly(3-hexylthiophene) and Their Application to Photovoltaics

The detailed morphological studies of poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)-b-polyisobutylene(PIB)-b-P3HT:P3HT blend thin films by grazing incidence X-ray scattering (GIXS) were reported. The results of GIXS experiments indicated the formation of phase separation between P3HT and PIB domains even after blending the P3HT homopolymer below 30 wt%. The change in d-spacing values of the phase-separated under strains was suppressed by increasing the weight ratio of the P3HT homopolymer, probably due to the disruption of the microphase separation. The blending the P3HT homopolymer induced the edge-on orientation during the strain process below 75%, probably by improving the interaction between P3HT domains in the blend thin films. The OPV characteristics were obtained with the device structure of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT-b-PIB-b-P3HT:P3HT:PC61BM/Ca/Al, significantly improving the JSC and FF values by increasing the P3HT homopolymer weight ratio. The excellent elongation behavior of P3HT-b-PIB-b-P3HT:P3HT blend bulk films (P3HT < 30 wt%) could be achieved, probably due to the formation of microphase separation between semi-crystalline P3HT and rubbery PIB domains.

Achieving a High Fill Factor and Stability in Perylene Diimide–Based Polymer Solar Cells Using the Molecular Lock Effect between 4,4′‐Bipyridine and a Tri(8‐hydroxyquinoline)aluminum(III) Core

AbstractTwo novel perylene diimide (PDI)–based derivatives, Alq3‐PDI and Alq3‐PDI2, are synthesized by flanking a 3D tri(8‐hydroxyquinoline)aluminum(III) (Alq3) core with PDI and a helical PDI dimer (PDI2) to construct high‐performance small molecular nonfullerene acceptors (SMAs). The 3D Alq3 core significantly suppresses the molecular aggregation of the resulting SMAs, leading to a well‐mixed blend with a PTTEA donor polymer and weak phase separation. Compared with Alq3‐PDI, the extended π‐conjugation of Alq3‐PDI2 results in higher‐order molecular packing, which improves the absorption and phase separation behavior. Thus, the Alq3‐PDI2 devices have higher Jsc and FF values and better device performance, which are further enhanced by a small amount of 4,4′‐bipyridine (Bipy) as an additive. The coordination between Bipy and the Alq3 core promotes molecular packing and phase separation, which lower charge recombination and enhanced charge collection in the resulting devices. Therefore, a largely improved Jsc of 15.74 mA cm−2 and very high FF of 71.27% are obtained in the Alq3‐PDI2 devices, resulting in a power conversion efficiency of 9.54%, which is the best value reported for PDI‐based polymer solar cells. The coordination can also serve as a “molecular lock,” which prevents molecular motion and thus improves device stability.

Distribution of phthalate esters in air, water, sediments, and fish in the Asan Lake of Korea

Phthalate esters (PEs) are the most commonly used plasticizers and one of the endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) which are extensively present in various environment. Therefore, it is important to examine the levels and distribution of phthalates in multimedia environment. This study investigated the seasonal and spatial variation of 14 PEs in air, water, sediments, and fish in the Asan Lake. Asan Lake is one of the largest artificial lakes in Korea, and is surrounded by industrial complex and farmlands. The PEs were found to be present throughout the study area. The mean concentration of total PEs (∑14 PEs) was 3.92–33.09 ng/m3 in air, not detected (n.d.)-2.29 μg/L in water, 3.6–8973 μg/kg dry weight (dw) in sediment, and n.d.-1081 μg/kg dw in fish, respectively. The most frequently detected phthalate in the samples was di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and followed by di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP). The concentrations of PEs in water and sediment samples tended to decrease moving downstream of Asan Lake. Bioaccumulation of PEs showed that benthic feeding fish such as crucian carp or skygager contained higher levels of DEHP. Partitioning of DEHP and DBP between water and sediment was calculated using paired sediment/water samples and fugacity fraction (ff). High ff value (ff = 0.89 ± 0.1) of DBP and low ff value of DEHP (ff = 0.24 ± 0.1) confirmed that DEHP is the most abundant PEs in the sediment, and DBP is the second most abundant PEs except DEHP in water. Our results can provide important information of the distribution and behavior of PEs in the lake environment.

Near-IR Absorbing D-A-D Zn-Porphyrin-Based Small-Molecule Donors for Organic Solar Cells with Low-Voltage Loss.

Two D-A-D small molecules with a DPP acceptor core and Zn-porphyrin donor with different electron-donating substituents, namely, 2,6-bis(dodecyloxy)phenyl and 5-hexylthieno[3,2- b]thiophen-2-yl at mesopositions, VC4 and VC5, were synthesized, and their optical and electrochemical properties were investigated. The results reveal that both molecules are suitable as donors for organic solar cells (OSCs) in which PC71BM is employed as the acceptor. Overall power conversion efficiencies of 8.05% ( Jsc = 13.83 mA/cm2, Voc = 0.91 V, and FF = 0.64) and 8.89% ( Jsc = 16.98 mA/cm2, Voc = 0.79 V, and FF = 0.663) were obtained, respectively. The high Voc value for the VC4-based OSC correlates with the deeper HOMO, whereas the high Jsc value for VC5 may be attributed to the extended absorption spectrum toward the longer wavelength region. Moreover, the relatively high FF value for VC5-based OSCs as compared to the VC4 counterparts may be related to the more balanced charge transport in the active layer, reduced charge recombination, and efficient charge collection. The energy loss for VC5 is smaller (0.52 eV) than that for VC4 (0.56 eV).

16.7%-efficiency ternary blended organic photovoltaic cells with PCBM as the acceptor additive to increase the open-circuit voltage and phase purity

Ternary solar cells with an efficiency of 16.7% were enabled through the use of PCBM as a higher LUMO-level acceptor additive to concurrently increase Voc, Jsc and FF values.

There is only one set of the correct values of fF, fD and fS coupling constants in SU(3) invariant Lagrangian of the vector-meson-baryon interactions

One can prove, there is generally eight various ω − ø mixings forms in elementary particle physics, which on one side give different forms of the vector-meson-nucleon coupling constants through fF, fD and fS in SU(3) invariant Lagrangian of the vector-meson-baryon interactions, and on the other side different signs of the universal vector-meson coupling constants fρ, fω and fø. Identical set of numerical values of fF, fD and fS is evaluated only in that case, if the same ω − ø mixing is applied to a derivation of the vectormeson-nucleon coupling constant forms and also to the signs of the universal vector-meson coupling constants fρ, fω and fø.

Improving the photovoltaic performance of fluorinated 2,2′-bithiophene core-based D(A–Ar)2 type small molecules via strategically end-capped heteroaromatic substitution

Three novel D(A–Ar)2 type small molecules were obtained for application in OSCs. Especially, the Voc, Jsc and FF values for FBT(TDPP-TS)2-based cells were synergistically improved by inserting both N and S atoms onto the terminal groups.

Effect of defect density and energy level mismatch on the performance of perovskite solar cells by numerical simulation

The defects at the absorber and interface layer of organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite solar cells are unfavorable for efficiency as well as the stability. In this study, we have performed the numerical simulation on inverted planar structure perovskite solar cell based on NiO as a hole transport material (HTM) by SCAPS-1D. Here we investigated the effects of defect density and energy level of the perovskite absorber layer and perovskite/HTM interface layer on the performance, respectively. The analysis revealed that values of Jsc, Voc, and FF of perovskite solar cells are significantly reduced with increasing the defect density of perovskite layer. The power conversion efficiency severely reduced from 25 to 5% when the defect density increased from 1013 to 1018 cm−3, respectively. A similar trend was also found in case of interfacial defect between Perovskite and HTM layer. It was found that the defect energy level more than 0.3 eV above conduction band of perovskite has almost no detrimental effect on the device’s efficiency.

Selenium cooperated polysulfide electrolyte for efficiency enhancement of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells

Abstract The modification of polysulfide electrolyte with additives has been demonstrated as an effective way to improve the photovoltaic performance of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSCs). Most of these additives can inhibit the charge recombination processes at photoanode/electrolyte interface and favor the improvement of Voc of cell devices. Herein, we showed that the incorporation of elemental selenium (Se) in polysulfide electrolyte to form polyselenosulfide species can notably improve the performance of QDSCs. Unlike previous reports, we present here an integrated investigation of the effects of polyselenosulfide species in polysulfide electrolyte on the photovoltaic performance of QDSCs from both of the photoanode and counter electrode (CE) aspects. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (IS) and open-circuit voltage-decay (OCVD) measurements demonstrated that the introduction of Se into polysulfide electrolyte can not only retard charge recombination at photoanode/electrolyte interface, but also reduce the charge transfer resistance at CE/electrolyte interface, resulting in the improvement of Jsc and FF values. Consequently, the average efficiency of Zn − Cu − In − Se QDSCs was improved from 9.26% to 9.78% under AM 1.5 G full one sun illumination.

Facile Synthesis of an Efficient and Robust Cathode Interface Material for Polymer Solar Cells

In this study, an alcohol soluble novel naphthalene diimide (NDI)–thiophene-based cathode interface layer (CIL), PNDIT10N, is reported. PNDIT10N was synthesized in a facile three-step method, processed from environmentally friendly benzyl alcohol (BnOH) and employed in inverted polymer solar cells (PSCs). The three polymer donors TQ1, PTNT, and PTB7-Th were paired with the fullerene acceptor PC71BM for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) layers to evaluate the CIL. The modification of the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode with a ∼3 nm thin layer of PNDIT10N yielded a significant reduction of 0.8 eV in the work function, reducing it from 4.6 to 3.8 eV, effectively transforming ITO to a functioning cathode. PSCs with a TQ1/PC71BM BHJ layer and incorporating a PNDIT10N interlayer were found to have a high Jsc value of 10.5 mA cm–2, Voc value of 909 mV, and an FF value of 68%, resulting in the highest PCE of 6.7% for TQ1 donor in the inverted device structure. Of note, the interface layer showed a good stability in ambi...

Introduction of Graphene Nanofibers into the Perovskite Layer of Perovskite Solar Cells.

Although the application of graphene-derived nanomaterials in the electron transport layer (ETL), hole transport layer (HTL), or top electrode of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been thoroughly studied, the effects of inserting such materials into the perovskite layer of PSCs is not well understood. In this study, pristine graphene nanofibers were introduced into the perovskite layer of PSCs for the first time. The quality of the electrospun graphene nanofibers was optimized by controlled centrifugation of graphene sheets in the precursor suspension. Under optimized conditions, the device power conversion efficiency increased from 17.51 % without graphene to 19.83 % with graphene nanofibers, representing a 13 % increase. The introduction of graphene nanofibers into the perovskite layer led to a dramatic increase in the grain size of the perovskite layer to over 2 μm, owing to improved nucleation and crystallization at the nanofiber interface, which led to much higher FF and Jsc values. The significant increases in Jsc and Voc are attributed to the improved charge-transport properties of the graphene nanofibers with superb charge conductivity introduced into the perovskite layer. The latter was independently verified by the measured electron transport time. The stability of the device was also improved. In summary, an effective approach has been developed to improve the performance of PSCs by using pure graphene nanofibers for the first time.

PREVENTION OF PREMATURE LABOR IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PREVIOUS PREVENTION

Introduction.The problem of preterm labor is always relevant component of all complications of pregnancy. One of the most promising methods for predicting preterm labor is, at present, the detection of fetal fibronectin (fFN) and the determination of the content of interleukins in the blood or cervical secretions, in particular, the importance of interleukin 8 (IL-8).Aim. Determine the efficiency of prediction of preterm labor by simultaneously identifying fFN and IL-8 as markers of probable preterm labor.Materials and methods. Clinical and laboratory examination of 60 pregnant women was carried out: 40 - the main group with false contractions up to 37 weeks; 20 - control group, pregnant without this pathology. Definition of fFN andIL-8 was performed simultaneously in blood serum and cervical mucus with the evaluation of the results on the Rider Myltiskan EX immuno-enzyme analyzer using a set of reagents and test systems.Research results. An analysis of the effectiveness of diagnosis of preterm labor in pregnant women with false contractions up to 37 weeks using transvaginal cervicomercia revealed a shortening of the cervix in terms of 22-27 weeks in 5% and in 31-33 weeks in 10% and changes from the FF values in terms of 22- 27 weeks and 28-33 weeks - where its level was elevated both in serum and in cervical mucus and was 331.5 ± 40.4 and 1510 ± 17.9 respectively; 349.3 ± 45.2 and 128.6 ± 22.7 ng / ml. The probable correlation between increased fetal fibronectin and structural changes in the cervix was established (the correlation coefficient of the reciprocal connection was R = 0.50). Taking into account the data of urogenital stroke and the content of IL-8 in cervical mucus, it was found that an increase in the number of leukocytes, indicating inflammation, and an increase in IL-8 in 47.8% during the period of pregnancy 22-27 weeks + 6 days and in the 31- 33 weeks + 6 days in 55.6%, where the mean IL-8 was 132.5 ng / ml and 33.3% of the background cervical cancer.Conclusions. In the presence of false breaks and premature births, regardless of the period of pregnancy, there is a significant increase in IL-8. The probable correlation between increased fetal fibronectin in blood serum and in cervical mucus and structural changes in the cervix (correlation coefficient of mutual communication was R = 0.50) was established.

Improvements of Liver MR Imaging Clinical Protocols to Simultaneously Quantify Steatosis and Iron Overload

PurposeFat accumulation and iron overload are important cofactors in chronic liver disease. Clinical quantifications of fat fraction and iron are currently assessed using MRI protocols. The purpose is to improve these measurements to simultaneously provide iron and fat maps from a single acquisition. MethodsTen healthy volunteers and ten patients with steatosis underwent MRI for fat fraction (FF: IDEAL-IQ®), iron overload concentration (IOC: Gandon, Starmap®) and viscoelastic characterization (MR-Touch®). IDEAL-IQ® data, the clinical FF reference, were compared to the advanced Gandon protocol, post-treated with a 3pt Dixon method. The originality was to use IDEAL-IQ® fat sequence to quantify iron volumetrically using the Wood equation. To validate the iron data, the reference Gandon protocol was applied and improved to provide map of IOC. Then, IOC data were also compared to another clinical sequence (Starmap®) which was also improved (scale, number of ROI). The estimated error associated with each method was evaluated with the coefficient of variation. ResultsIDEAL-IQ® and Gandon protocols were modified to provide simultaneously FF and IOC maps (2D, volume). Healthy FF were in the same range with all protocols (≈3%). For patients with steatosis, Gandon protocols underestimated the FF value (≈7%) compared to IDEAL-IQ®. Healthy and fibrosis patients were correctly diagnosed (no hemochromatosis) with all the protocols and viscoelastic properties were in the same range. ConclusionManufacturer's tools were improved to simultaneously quantify liver markers saving time for the patient and the clinical setting. These parameters are of great value for clinical diagnostics and novel therapeutics to treat liver diseases.