Fenton Type Research Articles

Adsorption-coupled Fenton type reduction of bromate in water by high-yield polymer-derived ceramic-supported nano-zerovalent iron

Nano-zerovalent iron (nZVI) is a promising material for the removal of both organic and inorganic pollutants from contaminated water. This study investigates the potential of a novel composite of nZVI on a polymer-derived supporting ceramic (nZVI-PDC) synthesized via the liquid-phase reduction method for the simultaneous adsorption and Fenton-type reduction of bromate anion (BrO3-) in water. The nZVI nanoparticles were effectively anchored onto the PDC by impregnating high-yield carbon in a ferrous sulfate solution. The PDC facilitated the uniform dispersion of nZVI nanoparticles due to its multiple active sites distributed within mesocarbon cavities. The developed nZVI-PDC composite exhibited a high specific surface area of 837m2g-1 and an ordered mesoporous structure with a pore volume of 0.37cm3g-1. As an adsorbent, the nZVI-PDC composite exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity (qe) of 842mgg-1 and a partition coefficient (KH) of 10.2mgg-1 μM-1, as calculated by the pseudo-second-order model. As a catalyst, the composite demonstrated a reaction kinetic rate of 43.5μmolg-1 h-1 within 6h at pH 4, using a dosage of 60mgL-1 nZVI-PDC and a concentration of 0.8mmolL-1 H2O2. Comparatively, PDC exhibited a qe of 408mgg-1, KH of 1.67mgg-1 μM-1, and a reaction rate of 20.8μmolg-1 h-1, while nZVI showed a qe of 456mgg-1, KH of 2.30mgg-1 μM-1, and a reaction rate of 27.2μmolg-1 h-1. The modelling indicated that the nZVI-PDC composite followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The remarkable removal efficiency of the nZVI-PDC composite was attributed to the synergistic effects between PDC and nZVI, where PDC facilitated charge transfer, promoting Fe2+ generation and the Fe3+/Fe2+ cycle. Overall, this work introduces a promising adsorption technology for the efficient removal of BrO3- from contaminated aqueous solutions, highlighting the significant potential of the nZVI-PDC composite in water purification applications.

An efficient polymer supported Fenton type catalyst for photodegradation of organic dyes

An efficient polymer supported Fenton type catalyst for photodegradation of organic dyes

Achieving photostability in dye-sensitized upconverting nanoparticles and their use in Fenton type photocatalysis.

Dye sensitization is a promising approach to enhance the luminescence of lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles. However, the poor photostability of near-infrared dyes hampers their use in practical applications. To address this, commercial IR820 was modified for improved photostability and covalently bonded to amine-functionalized silica-coated LnUCNPs. Two methods of covalent linking were investigated: linking the dye to the surface of the silica shell, and embedding the dye within the silica shell. The photostability of the dyes when embedded in the silica shell exhibited upconversion emissions from NaGdF4:Er3+,Yb3+/NaGdF4:Yb3+ nanoparticles for over four hours of continuous excitation with no change in intensity. To highlight this improvement, the photostable dye-embedded system was successfully utilized for Fenton-type photocatalysis, emphasizing its potential for practical applications. Overall, this study presents a facile strategy to circumvent the overlooked limitations associated with photodegradation, opening up new possibilities for the use of dye-sensitized lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles in a range of fields.

An Integrated Analysis of Mechanistic Insights into Biomolecular Interactions and Molecular Dynamics of Bio-Inspired Cu(II) and Zn(II) Complexes towards DNA/BSA/SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro by Molecular Docking-Based Virtual Screening and FRET Detection.

Novel constructed bioactive mixed-ligand complexes (1b) [CuII(L)2(phen)] and (2b) [ZnII(L)2(phen)] {where, L = 2-(4-morpholinobenzylideneamino)phenol), phen = 1,10-phenanthroline} have been structurally analysed by various analytical and spectroscopic techniques, including, magnetic moments, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray crystallography. Various analytical and spectral measurements assigned showed that all complexes appear to have an octahedral geometry. Agar gel electrophoresis's output demonstrated that the Cu(II) complex (1b) had efficient deoxyribonucleic cleavage and complex (2b) demonstrated the partial cleavage accomplished with an oxidation agent, which generates spreadable OH● through the Fenton type mechanism. The DNA binding constants observed from viscosity, UV-Vis spectral, fluorometric, and electrochemical titrations were in the following sequence: (1b) > (2b) > (HL), which suggests that the complexes (1b-2b) might intercalate DNA, a possibility that is supported by the biothermodynamic measurements. In addition, the observed binding constant results of BSA by electronic absorption and fluorometric titrations indicate that complex (1b) revealed the best binding efficacy as compared to complex (2b) and free ligand. Interestingly, all compounds are found to interact with BSA through a static approach, as further attested by FRET detection. The DFT and molecular docking calculations were also performed to realize the electronic structure, reactivity, and binding capability of all test samples with CT-DNA, BSA, and the SARS-CoV-2 3CLPro, which revealed the binding energies were in a range of -8.1 to -8.9, -7.5 to -10.5 and -6.7--8.8 kcal/mol, respectively. The higher reactivity of the complexes than the free ligand is supported by the FMO theory. Among all the observed data for antioxidant properties against DPPH᛫, ᛫OH, O2-• and NO᛫ free radicals, complex (1a) had the best biological efficacy. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic characteristics of all test compounds have been studied by screening against certain selected microorganisms as well as against A549, HepG2, MCF-7, and NHDF cell lines, respectively. The observed findings revealed that the activity enhances coordination as compared to free ligand via Overtone's and Tweedy's chelation mechanisms. This is especially encouraging given that in every case, the experimental findings and theoretical detections were in perfect accord.

Decomposition of organic additives in the oxidative chalcopyrite leaching with hydrogen peroxide

Recent investigations have shown that the addition of short-chain organic additives (methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, acetone, isopropanol, formic and acetic acids), surfactants (Tween 20 and 80) and organic ligands (EDTA, oxalic and citric acids) in acidic leaching solutions with hydrogen peroxide, significantly promote chalcopyrite dissolution. However, despite these positive findings, until now, the relation between the percentage of dissolution of chalcopyrite, hydrogen peroxide decomposition by Fenton and Fenton type reactions, and the level of decomposition (partial or complete oxidation to CO2 and H2O) of organic additives due to electrophilic attack by the OH* radical, has not been reported. For that reason, a systematic study was undertaken to explore those aspects. The results demonstrated that all the organic additives slowed, but did not prevent the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, which favored the production of OH*, a radical with elevated oxidizing power capable of promoting the oxidation of organic additives. The degree of organic compound (RH) mineralization (complete oxidation to CO2 and H2O) was structure-dependent, as well as the R* reactivity with H2O2, dissolved copper and iron, although it was not proportional to H2O2 decomposition. Finally, it was found that cyclohexanol is the most promising organic additive because it greatly slows the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, but it is not mineralized by the OH* radical, and substantially improves chalcopyrite dissolution.

Dye degradation and antimicrobial applications of manganese ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by plant extracts

Manganese Ferrite nanoparticles are synthesized using biological agents as a fuel by the self-combustion method using ginger root/cardamom seeds extract. The green synthesis of manganese ferrite is eco-friendly, inexpensive, and easy to produce in large-scale solid materials. Plant extract mediated MnFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles are characterized by various techniques to analyse the size, structure, crystallinity, and photocatalytic properties. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of manganese, iron, and oxygen elements. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed spinel structure and was endorsed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (FTIR). The formation of porous structure and the morphology of prepared materials are studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images. This type of structure is useful for the photocatalytic dye degradation of Methylene Blue in visible light under the influence of various concentrations of H 2 O 2 . Fenton type effect is observed in visible spectrophotometer for dye degradation. The effects of MnFe 2 O 4 ginger root (MnG) (100 μg) and MnFe 2 O 4 cardamom (MnC) (100 μg) are tested against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis on Mueller Hinton agar plates using well diffusion assay, and the zones of inhibition are measured.

Optimizing the degradation of dichlorvos in aqueous solution using nZVI DTPA+H2O2 and its detection using ac conductivity measurement with the help of response surface methodology

Degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater is a common subject of discussion under advanced oxidation process. To detect the degradation of colourless organic pollutants conventional analytical techniques are available but their sophistication makes it difficult to pursue in all form of chemical laboratories. In the present study it was found that during degradation of Dichlorvos using diethylene triamine pent acetic acid (DTPA) stabilized nano zero valent iron (nZVI), COD removal and ac conductivity change has been done simultaneously. In this degradation study the heterogeneous Fenton type oxidation method was employed and an LCR circuit (which contains inductor, capacitor and resistor) was used to measure the ac conductivity. This study aims to find out a correlation between ac conductivity and COD removal using simple response surface methodology (RSM) so that the degradation of colourless pollutants can be estimated easily and also to identify the best processing parameters to optimise Dichlorvos degradation. It was found that COD removal in most of all cases, was more than 60% when the change in final ac conductivity more than 600% with respect to initial value. All of the experimental results were in good accord with the projected outcome. • Dichlorvos degradation by various advanced oxidation process was studied a lot as per available scientific literature but nobody has ever tried the ac conductivity to monitor the degradation process. • Use of nZVI DTPA as a heterogeneous catalyst is also a new method of pollutant degradation in aqueous medium. • Finding relation between COD change & % change in ac conductivity is a new approach as per our present understanding. • The correlation between RSM output and ac conductivity variation data is validated in the present study.

Removal of Flotation Collector O-Isopropyl-N-ethylthionocarbamate from Wastewater.

Flotation collector O-isopropyl N-ethylthionocarbamate (IPETC) is widely used for separation of sulfide ores. Its removal from water by several oxidation processes was studied. Photocatalytic oxidation with air in the presence of iron salts, utilizing solar irradiation or artificial UV-A light is very efficient. Oxidation leads through the formation of O-isopropyl N-ethylcarbamate and several other reaction intermediates to total decomposition of organic compound in the final stage in 1 day. Similar results were obtained with a Fenton type oxidation with hydrogen peroxide and iron salts. Treatment with sodium hypochlorite yields mainly O-isopropyl N-ethylcarbamate. The formation of this compound in wastewaters can be of concern, since simple alkyl carbamates are cancer suspect agents.

Removal of COD and surfactants from grey water by Fenton type processes

Grey water is a kind of domestic wastewater including shower, bath, lavatory and laundry waters. Grey waters without faecal waste can be considered as alternative water sources in the place where water resources are limited. In the present study, the removals of COD, anionic and non-ionic surfactants from grey water via conventional (CFP) and modified (MFP) Fenton oxidation processes was experienced. It was determined that pH adjustment to acidic values is not required in CFP. The optimum operating conditions were determined as [Fe2+] = 50 mg/L, [H2O2] = 50 mg/L at pH 7.6 (original pH) in CFP and [ZVI] = 50 mg/L, [H2O2] = 50 mg/L at pH 3 in MFP, respectively. As a result, the CFP has been found to be a more efficient alternative treatment method for the treatment of grey water, compared to MFP.

Exploring the Mechanism of Peroxodisulfate Activation with Silver Metavanadate to Generate Abundant Reactive Oxygen Species

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) containing sulfate and hydroxyl radicals can act as Fenton type reagents to remove organic contaminants from water. Here, a catalytic system silver metavanadate is reported for the activation of peroxodisulfate in an aqueous medium to generate ROS, which is further utilized for the efficient degradation of the water‐soluble pollutants such as phenols, pesticides, antibiotics, and organic dyes. Remarkably, complete carbon mineralization of the water‐soluble contaminants is achieved to form carbon dioxide as the major product. In‐situ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies combined with ex‐situ methods reveal that a massive amount of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) are formed through sulfate radical anions (SO4•−) and act as the ROS for the organic pollutant degradation. In addition, the stability of the catalyst is monitored by various characterization techniques.

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of iron oxides and niobium in the removal of dyes in Fenton type reactions and photocatalysis

In this work, catalysts based on niobium oxide modified with iron oxide were developed for the photocatalytic treatment of effluents contaminated with dyes. The catalysts were prepared, in different proportions of niobium and iron, using niobium ammonium oxalate salts, iron nitrate and ammonium acetate and calcination at 400 °C. The solids were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform, measured at zero point charge and evaluated in adsorption, Fenton reaction type advanced oxidation and methylene blue heterogeneous photocatalysis. It was observed that the increase in niobium concentration increased the values of point of zero charge and decreased the reaction system final pH. The solid with Fe/Nb2 ratio showed the best performance as an adsorbent and in oxidation reaction, followed by the one with Fe / Nb1.5 ratio. The solids showed practically the same result (1.8 eV), in addition, the presence of iron niobite (Fe/Nb1) favored the photocatalytic system.

Micropollutant degradation by the heterogeneous solar photo-Fenton process at circumneutral PH using copper slag

Abstract This work evaluates the catalytic capacity of a metallurgical copper slag (CS) for the removal of the pesticide Thiabendazole (TBZ) in real wastewater by the heterogeneous photo-Fenton process at circumneutral pH under natural solar irradiation (NSI). The material consists mainly of magnetite and fayalite. The best experimental condition was: 17 mg of CS/cm2, settled at the bottom of the reactor, and 0.44 mM H2O2 illuminated with solar radiation. Under this condition, 80% TBZ degradation (100 μg/L initial spiked concentration) was reached in real WWTP secondary effluent, after 120 min with 50% of H2O2 consumption. The CS-H2O2-NSI system produced 2-fold more hydroxyl radicals (HO•) with respect to the CS-H2O2. The CS-NSI system did not produce HO• radicals, probably due to the fast electron-hole combination reported for one of the iron oxides present in CS, even though it showed a bandgap value of 2.42 eV, which indicates that the material can absorb solar irradiation. Thus, TBZ was oxidized mainly through the heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like reaction, with similar degradation efficiencies after five utilization cycles. This study demonstrates that CS is a chemically stable and efficient Fenton type catalyst for microcontaminant degradation in wastewater.

Visible light assisted Fenton type degradation of methylene blue by admicelle anchored alumina supported rod shaped manganese oxide

Abstract Manganese oxide (MnOx) nanorods supported on surfactant-modified alumina (SMA), synthesized by the redox co-precipitation method are employed as a heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst for degradation of methylene blue (MB) in presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The uniqueness of the work is that the admicellar support of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), an anionic surfactant, on base material alumina has been utilized to host both the catalyst MnOx and the target pollutant MB. The catalyst is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), particle size analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The influence of operational parameters, such as initial pH, catalyst dose, H2O2 concentration, the intensity of visible light and initial concentration of MB has been investigated. The catalytic performance is evaluated in terms of MB decolorization. The reproducibility of the results and reusability of the catalyst is also checked. The turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF) of the catalyst are found to be 0.068 moles of MB per mole of Mn and 2.55 × 10−6 moles of MB /mole of Mn/s. The efficiency of the catalyst to generate hydroxyl radicals under visible light is confirmed using terephthalic acid fluorescence probing technology. Under optimized conditions ∼92 % decolourization of MB was achieved using the as-developed catalyst. The main degradation intermediates were identified by ESI-MS analysis to propose a possible degradation pathway of MB.

Evaluation of antioxidant activity of chlorogenic acids and coffee extracts by an electrochemical DNA-based biosensor

Sensitivity of dsDNA structure towards OH radicals as the pro-oxidants has been utilized as the detection principle of an analytical procedure applied for the first time to the evaluation of antioxidant activity (AOA) of 6 chlorogenic acids (CGAs) and extracts of 10 coffees. A nanostructured electrochemical DNA-based biosensor was prepared using a commercial electrode assembly and treated in the DNA cleavage agent formed by the Fenton type reaction. An addition of CGAs and aqueous coffee extracts significantly diminishes the degree of DNA degradation determined using cyclic voltammetry (CV) with the redox indicator [Fe(CN)6]3-/4-. The AOA decreases in order caffeic acid, CFA, >caffeoylquinic acids, CQAs, >dicaffeoylquinic acids, diCQAs, exhibiting the relative portion of survived DNA of about 71%, 70% and 69%, respectively, and of about 72% for C. robusta, Cherry, India (green bean) to 49% for Nescafé Espresso. Mechanisms of antioxidative properties are discussed.

Study on polishing slurry of hydrogen peroxide-oxalic acid in CMP 304 stainless steel

Stainless steel will become the substrate material of the flexible display, requirements of the flexible substrate in the surface quality and performance are very strict. Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is one of the most appropriate technologies to achieve the surface processing of ultra-thin stainless-steel flexible display substrate with ultra-smooth and damage-free. In this paper, the design of CMP slurry of 304 stainless steel on the hydrogen peroxide-oxalic acid type was proposed. Through experiment and analysis, the basic ingredients of CMP slurry was obtained. The research results showed that the hydrogen peroxide can increase the hydrophilicity of the stainless steel surface, and the Fenton type Haber-Weiss reaction can occur on the surface of the fresh metal substrate of stainless steel. The trivalent iron ions generated by the Fenton type reaction combined with oxygen to generate iron oxide and promoted the removal of the surface material. Under acidic conditions, the oxalic acid can decrease the stability of the oxide film on the stainless steel surface, promote the diffusion of oxygen into the metal interface, improve the oxygen reduction reaction, and increase the material removal rate. The results will provide an important reference for the next researching the CMP slurry of 304 stainless steel.

Anti-fouling properties of poly(acrylic acid) grafted ultrafiltration membranes – experimental and theoretical study

Abstract Grafting of ultrafiltration membranes with polyelectrolyte chains is considered as an anti-fouling treatment. In this research, grafting of poly(acrylic acid) chains to the surface of polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane was obtained by a Fenton–type reaction. Due to the surface modification treatment, we observe a decrease of susceptibility to particulate fouling of the modified membranes. The improvement of membrane properties is observed as a decrease of silica deposited on the surface of membranes in a given time of ultrafiltration process. This effect is exceptionally visible at high pH of filtered suspension. The experimental results have been supported by the numerical modeling of dynamics of polyelectrolyte chain anchored to the membrane surface. This model (based on coarse grained molecular dynamics) allowed us to obtain the dependence of the repulsive force between the membrane and particle on their distance. Considering the value of this force, together with the classical DLVO interactions (van der Waals force, electric double layer force) we were able to predict the stability of suspension in the vicinity of the membrane surface and thus the susceptibility of membrane to fouling.

Tuning the composition of plasma-activated water by a surface-wave microwave discharge and a kHz plasma jet

An atmospheric pressure surface-wave microwave discharge and a kHz plasma jet are used to activate purified water. It is shown, that by varying the treatment distance and the initial Ar/N2/O2 mixture composition of the surface-wave microwave discharge the concentration ratio of NO3− and H2O2 radicals created in the plasma activated water (PAW) can be varied over three orders of magnitude, which can be preserved during months of storage at room temperature. At the same time, with the 5 min treatment of the 32 ml water the absolute radical concentrations are varied in the range of 0.5–85 mg l−1 for H2O2, 20–180 mg l−1 for NO3− and 0.5–14 mg l−1 for NO2−. In the case of the N2 kHz plasma jet this concentration ratio can be tuned within one order of magnitude by varying the treatment distance. By treating different volumes very similar concentration ratios are obtained, which evolve differently during storage, as the ageing dynamics is determined by the absolute concentration of radicals. In general, the radical most affected by ageing is NO2−, whose recombination is found to be determined by the H2O2 radical. In order to control the H2O2 concentration and thus the NO2− radicals recombination, the application of a Fenton type reaction is suggested, which is implied by inserting a copper surface into PAW during or after plasma treatment.

Synergistic effects of advanced oxidization reactions in a combination of TiO2 photocatalysis for hydrogen production and wastewater treatment applications

In this paper, the synergistic effects of advanced oxidization reactions in a combination of TiO2 photocatalysis are comparatively investigated for hydrogen production and wastewater treatment applications. An experimental study is conducted with a photoelectrochemical reactor under a UV-light source. TiO2 is selected as the photocatalyst due to the high corrosion resistant nature and ability to form hydroxyl radicals with the interaction with photons. The synergetic effects of advanced oxidization processes (AOPs) such as Fenton, Fenton-like, photocatalysis (TiO2/UV) and UV photolysis (H2O2/UV) are investigated individually and in a combination of each other. The Fenton type reagent in the reactor is formed by anodic sacrificial of stainless-steel electrode with the presence of H2O2. The influences of various parameters, including pH level, type of the electrode and electrolyte and the UV light, on the performance of the combined system are also investigated experimentally. The highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency is observed as 97.9% for the experimental condition which combines UV/TiO2, UV/H2O2 and photo-electro Fenton type processes. The maximum hydrogen production rate from the photoelectrolysis of wastewater is obtained as 7.0 mg/Wh for the experimental condition which has the highest rate of photo-electro Fenton type processes. The average enhancement with the presence of UV light on hydrogen production rates and COD removal efficiencies are further calculated to be 3% and 20%, respectively.

New Oxidovanadium(IV) Complexes with 2,2′-bipyridine and 1,10-phenathroline Ligands: Synthesis, Structure and High Catalytic Activity in Oxidations of Alkanes and Alcohols with Peroxides

Reactions of [VCl3(thf)3] or VBr3 with 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) in a 1:1 molar ratio in air under solventothermal conditions has afforded polymeric oxidovanadium(IV) four complexes 1–4 of a general formula [VO(L)X2]n (L = bpy, phen and X = Cl, Br). Monomeric complex [VO(DMF)(phen)Br2] (4a) has been obtained by the treatment of compound 4 with DMF. The complexes were characterized by IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The crystal structures of 3 and 4a were determined by an X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The {VOBr2(bpy)} fragments in 3 form infinite chains due to the V = O…V interactions. The vanadium atom has a distorted octahedral coordination environment. Complexes 1–4 have been tested as catalysts in the homogeneous oxidation of alkanes (to produce corresponding alkyl hydroperoxides which can be easily reduced to alcohols by PPh3) and alcohols (to corresponding ketones) with H2O2 or tert-butyl hydroperoxide in MeCN. Compound 1 exhibited the highest activity. The mechanism of alkane oxidation was established using experimental selectivity and kinetic data and theoretical DFT calculations. The mechanism is of the Fenton type involving the generation of HO• radicals.

Cuboid nutcracker fracture in children: Management and results

Compression fractures of the cuboid bone in children and adolescents are rare. Fracture morphology, associated lesions, treatment options and long-term outcomes of this very rare injury are published in a few case reports. This study with review of the literature aims to support the understanding of fracture pattern and optimize pathways of decision making. A retrospective two-center study was performed in a patient cohort treated between 2001 and 2016. All patients aged less than 18 years who sustained a cuboid fracture were included. Age, gender, mechanism of injury, fracture morphology, amount of displacement, associated injuries, and therapy were analyzed. In the follow-up (FU), the AOFAS Midfoot Scale was investigated. Fractures of the cuboid bone were diagnosed in 7 boys and 9 girls. The mean age of the patients was 10 years (range: 2.2-16.1 years). According to the classification of Fenton we detected 11 (69%) type 2, 2 (12%) type 3 and 3 (19%) type 5b fractures. Other fracture types according to Fenton were not observed. All children under 10 years sustained a type 2 fracture. Open reduction and internal fixation was performed in 5 (31%) patients. Bone grafting was not necessary. FU was performed in 14/16 patients on average after 9 years (mean; range: 1.4-16.2 years). The mean AOFAS Midfoot Scale at FU for extra-articular type 2 fractures was 100 points, whereas in intra-articular fractures (Type 3) and fractures associated with mid-tarsal disruption (type 5b) worse results were found (95 and 66 points, accordingly). This rare injury shows inhomogenous morphologies and offers different treatment approaches. Extra-articular Fenton type 2 lesions are the most common type of cuboid fracture in children (69%). A potential loss of length of the lateral column must be considered. In contrast to adults, type 1, 4, and 5a fractures were not found in our cohort of children and adolescents. Lower scores of the AOFAS Midfoot Scale were found with either intra-articular involvement or associated midfoot lesions.