Felt Need Research Articles

Why do men with drinking problems change their behavior? A qualitative study nested in a randomized controlled trial in India

The aim of this qualitative study, nested in a randomized controlled trial, was to assess the mechanisms of the effects in both arms through examining perceptions of the participants about changes in their drinking behavior and their attributions for any perceived changes. We conducted semi-structured interviews with a sub-sample of trial participants. We used thematic analysis to analyze the data. Self-perceived change, mostly positive, was reported regardless of the objectively measured remission status. Participating in the trial itself was a major catalyst for change. Participants in both arms used a variety of similar strategies to make these changes; additionally, for those who received the intervention, both the style of the counselor (for example, the non-judgmental stance) as well as specific elements of the intervention were seen to influence change in drinking behavior. Absence of self-reported change was relatively uncommon and primarily related to the felt need for alcohol (e.g., drinking was perceived to be necessary to maintain good health), or the belief that one did not need to or want to change. Experiences of participating in a trial, the counselor style, and specific elements of a brief psychological treatment, play a role in influencing change in harmful drinking behaviors.

Mental health morbidities in Kerala, India: Insights from National Mental Health Survey, 2015-2016.

The National Mental Health Survey was borne out of the felt need for a comprehensive epidemiological survey on mental health to understand the magnitude of psychiatric morbidities in India to aid in mental health policymaking, service planning, and delivery. Kerala was one of the 12 surveyed states, representing southern India. To estimate the prevalence and pattern of various mental illnesses and substance use disorders in a representative sample from Kerala state. A household survey using a multi-stage, stratified, random cluster sampling technique, with selection based on probability proportionate to size at each stage. The community-based survey was carried out by trained field staff on individuals from systematically selected households from three randomly selected districts of Kerala. The instruments used in the survey included M.I.N.I adult version 6.0, a modified version of the Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Scale and questionnaires to screen for epilepsy, intellectual disability, and autism spectrum disorders. A total of 2479 respondents aged >18 years were interviewed. The lifetime and current prevalence of mental morbidity (excluding tobacco use disorders) was 14.14% and 11.36%, respectively. Neurotic/stress-related disorders and depressive disorders were 5.43% and 2.49%, respectively, while severe mental disorders were prevalent in 0.44% of the sample. The prevalence of high risk for suicide was 2.23%. The survey revealed high rates of common mental illnesses and suicide risk in the state when compared to national estimates.

News and Fake News in Investigating Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Women and couples who have had the misfortune of losing pregnancies, particularly multiple pregnancies, would often wish to know why the miscarriages happened. This information is important for them to make sense of the loss, help with closure, and seek treatments to avoid future miscarriages. Healthcare practitioners would want to know the reason for the miscarriages so that they can provide accurate prognostic information and offer targeted treatments to improve future pregnancy outcomes. The deeply felt need for finding reasons for miscarriages has led to the proliferation of multiple tests. But which one are useful? And which ones are fake? Which test results show an association with miscarriage, have prognostic value, and guide treatment? Which ones don’t? This lecture takes an evidence-based lens to these questions to tease apart the real news from fake news.

“No Marketing on a Dead Planet”: Rethinking Marketing Education to Support a Restoration Economy

The threat of rapid and unpredictable climate change means we must urgently transition human lifestyles into a restoration economy, with a focus on restorative development instead of new development or conservation of old modes. To support that project, marketing educators must rethink their discipline and their responsibilities, challenging legacy marketing teaching and ‘business as usual’. To assess current practice, a global survey of 200 marketing faculty identified three clusters by climate consciousness: Engaged, Conflicted, and Traditionalist. Analysis of open-ended comments identified three themes: Felt need for change, Barriers to change, and Action to take. Building on these findings, we identify anti- and pro-restoration mechanisms in our disciplinary practice at societal, university, and individual level. We present those mechanisms in a new framework highlighting the discourses that reinforce and challenge engagement and agnosis. Agnosis is a socio-cultural and psychological phenomenon underlying the current collective failure to engage with climate change. We challenge colleagues to confront agnosis and offer individual, disciplinary, and institutional actions that support transition to net-zero carbon marketing logic.

Caution Signages and Their Relevance in Commuter Safety in High-Density Construction and Traffic Areas of Two Smart Cities in Odisha: A Cross-Sectional Study to Ensure Eco-Mobility

INTRODUCTION: India has regulations to control RTA and is thus skewed towards regulating traffic and imposing fines if appropriate protective gear is not worn while driving. However, considering the population and perhaps also the socioeconomic standards of a major section of society, it is imperative to be equally vigilant towards the protection of commuters. Commuters can fall into all age ranges and, given the compounded problems of multiple constructions, bad roads, lack of proper walking space, stray animals, and mostly even rash driving, are at the highest risk of accidents. The most cost-effective and basic initial effort to offer them some protection would be to have signages and instructions posted at appropriate points of busy junctions or requisite points. OBJECTIVES: Primary: 1. To assess the awareness among commuters regarding danger signages and pedestrian norms in age groups and among genders. Secondary: 1. To identify the enabling factors that contribute to injuries/accidents among this section of the population on busy roads in sampled areas. 2. To make recommendations to ensure commuter safety and compliance with safety rules. METHODS: Select four sites each as per police station jurisdiction in the twin cities of Bhubaneswar and Cuttack. Two team members are deputed to stand at a convenient hour and seek permission as well as consent from commuters and assess their knowledge from a standardized pictorial flow chart by the Disaster Management Board. Responses were noted in a Google form by the survey team comprising interns and postgraduate students and interviewed at least ten each day. Five consecutive consenting commuters, each from age groups 11-21, 21-50, and >50 years from each gender, for five working days of two weeks, were completed. In the last six months, data from the police station was taken regarding reports of accidents by commuters in those areas and correlations were developed between relevant factors. Results were shared with the commuters and police in random groups to educate and generate a felt need for reinforcement of regulations that would prevent accidents to some extent. The study was conceived in the two busiest cities of Odisha state- Cuttack and Bhubaneswar, where active development activities occur throughout the year. RESULTS: From both cities, 64 commuters were selected for the study. Awareness of signages improved with increasing age, from 56% to 65% to 88%. Signages for construction sites and malls were poor in Cuttack, as it did not have many malls. Accidents were common among those aged 11 to 21 years, especially among females, and no correlation was seen between the reported injuries, gender-wise or socioeconomic status. Although increasing age was protective for injuries (21%; SD ±4.5, OR 0.21, p<0.03), the ones reported were primarily due to the use of alcohol, oversight, and lack of knowledge of signages. The police administration also admitted to under-reporting such injuries. The presence of stray animals was also a highly significant enabling factor for such injuries (OR 5.6, P<0.0001).

Obesity stigma between identity and wellbeing

The work derives from the felt need to dissect the dimension of lived bodily experience and to investigate the facets that are involved in the psychological well-being of the individual. Although this issue is present and central in various contexts of the individual's daily life, it is addressed by resorting to a psychosocial dictionary characterized by stereotypes, prejudices and aesthetic standards, which approach corporeality in a superficial and reductive way, instead of seeking to explore deeper meaning of the body.

Designing and Validation of e-module on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)

There is less awareness about health and nutrition problems and at the same time lack of availability of relevant and credible modules for ready reference for the needy people in India. This has aggravated the health and nutrition problems among rural women. The very low ratio of extension workers to farmers is aggravating the problem of knowledge transfer through the traditional system, so e-learning which is supported by growing connectivity and increased penetration of electronics in rural India can be used as an alternative solution to give faster and easily accessible information to the rural women, hence e module was developed using Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2013, e-learning module was created. The module was published as a CD-ROM. The module was validated through the sample group of researchers using the validation tool conceived by Vijayragavan and Singh [1] adapted for research purposes. Validation is done using four parameters, out of 4 parameters content and design were ranked first with a mean score of 3.88, followed by the satisfaction of felt information need with a mean score of 3.85. It was found that the utility of content and ease of understanding were scored low by the experts when compared to the content and satisfaction of the need for felt information. However, in absolute terms, all the parameters had a mean score of more than 3.5 indicating high acceptability of the complete module.

Involvement of Agro-Based Cooperatives in Agricultural Marketing and Development in Enugu State, Nigeria: A Qualitative Analysis

In view of isolated small scale farmers still dominating the Nigerian agricultural sector, the import of this study is on the need to employ agro-based cooperatives in mobilising rural farmers for effective marketing of their products since they lack the capacity to effectively market these products individually. This will invariably spur them towards increased production hence promoting agricultural development. Hence the study analysed the involvement of agro-based cooperatives in agricultural marketing and development in Nigeria. It specifically examined the reason behind the formation of these cooperatives, assessed their involvement in agro processing and marketing. It further identified the various constraints to their active participation in agro-marketing. The paper adopted a qualitative research design. Thus structured interview and focus group discussions were employed in collecting qualitative data from selected agricultural cooperatives in Aninri LGA of Enugu State, Nigeria. The qualitative data collected were analysed using thematic analysis. The study revealed that most agro-based cooperatives in Nigeria were yet to evolve from the level of solely seeking assistance to a purpose driven business oriented enterprise.It also found out that most of these cooperatives are multipurpose in nature with very few performing marketing functions for their members. It identified farmers’ apathy towards cooperative marketing, poor appreciation by rural farmers of the economic benefits of cooperative marketing, absence of a felt need to run a business oriented venture among rural farmers as factors militating against the active involvement of these cooperatives in agro processing and marketing. The paper suggests the need for the transformation of agricultural cooperatives in Nigeria into market competitive ventures characterised by active involvement in agro marketing, extensive education of rural farmers on the economic benefits of cooperative marketing, introduction of economic policies and measures that will create an enabling environment for these cooperatives to effectively engage in marketing activities.

‘I Just Wanted to Get It Over and Done With’: A Grounded Theory of Psychological Need Frustration in Video Games

Psychological need frustration—experiences like failure, loneliness, or coercion—is emerging as a promising explanation for why people disengage with games and other entertainment media, and how media may induce dysregulated use and ill-being. However, existing research on game-related need frustration relies on general instruments with unclear content validity for games. We also do not know how need frustration arises in video games, nor how it leads to disengagement. We therefore conducted a semi-structured interview study with 12 video game players, following grounded theory methods to develop a model of need-frustrating play. We find that need frustration is a common and impactful experience in games, with distinct antecedents not fully captured in existing measures. Felt need frustration arises when observed need-frustrating events negatively violate expected need frustration or satisfaction; repeated violations update players’ expectations, which lead them to modulate or quit play to reduce expected frustration exposure.

Личностные особенности несовершеннолетних с делинквентным поведением

Abstract: Introduction. The urgency of the research issue due to the consistently high level of juvenile delinquency, the growth of repeat offences is substantiated. The results of the empirical examination conducted in the period from December 2018 to May 2022 with the participation of 103 juveniles who
 committed criminal and administrative thefts are presented.
 Methods. The following psychodiagnostic tools were chosen: standardised multifactor method of personality research (L.N. Sobchik), method of diagnosing the tendency to deviant behaviour (A.N. Orel); sensation search scale (M. Zuckerman); method of subjective feeling of loneliness (D. Russell, L. Peplo and M. Ferguson).
 Results. The author concludes that committing a crime occurs with various leading personality characteristics of a minor. However, there is a number of characteristics peculiar to the examined minors with delinquent behaviour, which form the mechanism of « committing crimes»: expressed need for sensations, traumatic experience, feeling of loneliness, low level of psychological well-being, distorted ideas about one’s own future. The ideas about one’s own future are expressed in the shift of value orientations from pro-social to destructive and escape from reality. Temporal perspectives are characterised by short-term periods accompanied by the desire for easy gain. This can act as a predictor of further unlawful behaviour.
 The delinquent potential of minors is supported by various deviations in behaviour: from addiction to open opposition to the norms of law. The identified forms of deviant behaviour for minors provide personal selfrealisation, which allows them to maintain a high level of self-esteem. Minors with delinquent behaviour are characterised by an intense feeling of loneliness and a sense of their own insignificance, leading to an accumulation of negative emotions and, as a consequence, disturbances in interaction in the social environment. The need for feelings as one of the characteristics of minors with delinquent behaviour is implemented in situations of disregard for social norms, which, in the absence of appropriate and timely forms of psychologically corrective work, can lead to the consolidation of delinquent behaviour.

A model for competency-based training of undergraduate medical students to perform screening and brief intervention in alcohol use disorder—Findings from a study in a medical college in Delhi

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major cause of prolonged disability and an economic burden on communities across the world. The undergraduate (UG) curriculum in medical school in India does not allow adequate time to a structured learning about alcohol use disorder, its treatment, and prevention. The screening and brief intervention module (SBI) developed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) is an effective way to reduce drinking among risky drinkers. Training of undergraduates in SBI may go a long way in early intervention among problem drinkers. Hence, there is a felt need to incorporated the module in the clinical training schedule to enhance SBI skills among UGs to provide appropriate intervention at the primary healthcare level. Methodology: 50 final year UG students of a medical college in Delhi were exposed to a competency-based training in alcohol SBI comprised of lectures, focused group discussions (FGD), and role-play during their 2-week clinical posting in psychiatry along with a hands-on training under supervision of faculty. Subsequently, they were assessed for knowledge and skills gained through objective-structured clinical examination (OSCE) and feedback taken from students about changes in their knowledge and attitudes towards alcohol use disorder SBI. Results: Pre- and post-self-reported outcome variables revealed significant positive impact (p < 0.001) of SBI module on competency of students in implementing SBI on patients. Assessment of knowledge on OSCE revealed mean scores of 9.48 ± 1.20 on 10 MCQs (of 01 mark each) with 47 students scoring 80% or above. On integrated OSCE assessment of competencies, 94% students made satisfactory demonstration at a desired level. Attendance in lectures and supervised SBI, attitudes pre- and post-intervention and confidence level post-intervention were found to be predictors of a high MCQ score. All faculty agreed about the feasibility of implementing competency-based SBI in existing clinical posting schedule. Conclusion: The study has demonstrated the feasibility of teaching competency-based alcohol SBI to undergraduate medical students in existing clinical posting curriculum in psychiatry and its efficacy in having a positive impact on the perception and approach of the students towards patients with alcohol use disorder.

ThTP3.6 Patient-Reported Experience Measures: the impact of In-Person Surveys

Abstract Aims This study aimed to identify the impact of actively administering a survey to aid patients in completing patient-reported experience measure (PREM) surveys. We aimed to compare key domains' results to the national UK kidney PREM 2021 report and determine whether there is a difference between surveys administered by an in-person volunteer and self-administered surveys. Methods Our volunteers visited hospital renal and satellite dialysis units weekly from Aug to Oct 2022. All haemodialysis patients were offered to complete a 38-item survey covering 14 domains on their renal care experience using a 1-7 rating scale, 1 being the lowest rating and 7 the highest. We then compiled and compared our results to the 2021 report. Results 49 out of 82 patients completed the PREM survey. The completion rate increased from the previous year in hospital dialysis and satellite units. The patients’ experience domain score was lower than the 2021 report, with an average score of 5.66 compared to 6.24. A higher percentage of patients in our study (36.7%) reported never being asked about their emotions compared to 14.4% in 2021. This has led to a new referral pathway for seeking emotional counselling. Conclusions This year’s survey identified a felt need for emotional support and creation of a new referral pathway for the same. Administering surveys in person through volunteers increases patient engagement and receptiveness to engage, especially for patient groups that may have barriers such as language, disabilities and lack of access to technology.

Supervisory Practices in Dental Program: Basis for a Proposed Supervisory Model

Introduction Ineffective supervisory practices can be one of the possible causes of poor students’ academic performance. The aim of supervision is basically to promote student’s learning, reflective practice and improving patient safety and the quality of patient care. To date, there have been limited studies on the supervisory practices in the dentistry program. This prompted the researcher to assess their supervisory practices. The respondents’ supervisory practices will practically serve as a basis for a proposed a supervisory model that can be helpful for the dental institutions in the future. Supervisory models aim to improve faculty member’s performances and provide them with the assistance that they need for the improvement of instruction as well as to provide quality education for the students. Methods The study used descriptive research method. Qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection were employed. A researcher-made questionnaire was used in gathering data for the study. Deans, Academic heads, Department heads or Section heads and faculty members from the selected private dental institutions in National Capital Region were selected as the respondents of the study. Results and Discussion The main findings of the study indicated that for instructional supervision in terms of instructional improvement, offering continuing professional development trainings for the faculty members at school level got the highest mean. On the other hand, for curriculum development, highest is on identifying the problems in the implementation of existing. Results for clinical dentistry supervision in terms of instructional improvement indicated that offering continuing professional development trainings for the clinical instructors at school level also obtained the highest mean. Curriculum development contributes in the professional competencies of clinical instructors by providing the latest information on materials as evidenced by the highest mean obtained. With regard to community dentistry supervision in terms of instructional improvement, highest mean is on offering continuing professional development trainings for the fieldwork preceptors at school level. Lastly, in terms of curriculum development, highest is on the indicator on helping in the identification of the problems in the implementation of the existing policies in the community outreach. The study further revealed that continuing professional development for faculty members is of utmost importance to the deans and academic heads. Finally, there is a felt need to help the faculty members in the selection of appropriate resources like teaching aids. The deans and academic heads of the different dental institutions address the problems in the delivery of instructions. There is a need to convene the stakeholders in a meeting for curriculum evaluation and validation. Providing feedback is needed particularly in the fieldwork preceptors on the service rendered. Based on the findings and conclusions, it is therefore recommended to strengthen the offering of professional development as a part of the instructional supervision of the administrators and inclusion of the variables in the continuing professional development of the faculty and explore the possibilities of convening the stakeholders regularly for curriculum evaluation and validation. Further studies should also be done in order to validate and evaluate the proposed supervisory model.

Effect of work stress and organizational culture on employee performance in service office environment Palembang Ilir west tax

This research aimed to determine the effect of work stress and organizational culture on employee performance in the Palembang Ilir Barat Tax Service Office. The population in this study were all employees at KPP Pratama Palembang Ilir Barat, totaling 145 employees, and all of them were samples in the study using the census method. The results of multiple linear analyses show that work stress and organizational culture positively and significantly affect employee performance. Work stress, on the individual stressor dimension, significantly affects employee performance. There needs to be an evaluation to provide a workload following the job desk and employee responsibilities. If the work in some parts of the division has a more significant number of jobs, then it is necessary to adjust the number of employees according to the needs and workload given. With frequent leadership changes, organizational culture requires employees to get used to the established work rhythm. The change in leadership position is expected to be carried out at least 2-3 years after the change is made. The need for adaptation felt by employees causes a decrease in performance because not all employees can quickly adapt to changes in the ever-changing leadership cycle.

Essential Service Products as Channels for COVID-19 Awareness and Behavior Change: A Narrative Review

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is here to stay. Nonpharmacological interventions such as hand hygiene, social distancing, and respiratory hygiene have remained the mainstay to curb the spread of the virus, and these are sustainable. To understand the information, education, and communication (IEC) efforts undertaken during previous pandemics and successful behavior change strategies that may be applicable to ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a narrative review of articles using PubMed search on September 11, 2022. The results highlighted that reinforced IEC is the need of the hour in efforts against COVID-19 pandemic. The communication strategy during a pandemic should be of three stages aligned to the objectives of building a basic understanding and knowledge in the target population: building an awareness of the threat; personal actions to minimize the impact; and reinforcing the need for appropriate actions to minimize disease transmission, in that order. An innovative strategy of displaying IEC on the daily essential products can result in a sustainable solution that might result in a “felt need” in the community to follow COVID-19 appropriate behavior. A broad base of stakeholders' engagement with civil bodies, nongovernmental organizations, private sectors with well-defined responsibilities and accountability would offer an enabling environment for these efforts in ultimately curbing the COVID-19 pandemic.

Assessment of Felt Needs Regarding Reproductive Health among Adolescent Girls in Schools Located in Urban Area

ABSTRACT Introduction: Among adolescents, girls are more vulnerable than boys1. To promote these girls and for progress on all grounds, it has become very important to find out their problems and their felt needs. Aim: To assess the felt needs of adolescent girls of secondary schools in urban areas regarding reproductive health. Objectives: 1) To assess the felt needs of adolescent girls regarding reproductive health. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted over 6 months of period among 9th-class girls of 2 municipal secondary schools located in urban area. The sample size was calculated to be 139. Result: Felt need of a maximum (82%) of participants was that education about reproductive health should be provided to adolescent girls by a female doctor in school followed by (41%) confidential health check-up of girls regarding reproductive health issues. Conclusion: Present study reveals that the Primary felt needs of 9th-class girls in municipal schools of urban area is reproductive health education by a female doctor in school followed by confidential health check-ups for reproductive health issues.

Snakebite care through the first two waves of COVID-19 in West Bengal, India: a qualitative study.

Snakebite is a public health problem in many countries, with India having the highest number of deaths. Not much is known about the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on snakebite care. We conducted 20 in-depth interviews with those bitten by venomous snakes through the two waves of COVID-19 (March-May 2020; May-November 2021), their caregivers, health care workers and social workers in two areas (Sundarbans and Hooghly) of West Bengal, India. We used a constructivist approach and conducted a thematic analysis. We identified the following themes: 1. Snakebite continued to be recognised as an acute emergency during successive waves of COVID-19; 2. COVID-19 magnified the financial woes of communities with high snakebite burden; 3. The choice of health care provider was driven by multiple factors and consideration of trade-offs, many of which leaned toward use of traditional providers during COVID-19; 4. Rurality, financial and social disadvantage and cultural safety, in and beyond the health system, affected snakebite care; 5. There is strong and shared felt need for multi-faceted community programs on snakebite. We mapped factors affecting snakebite care in the three-delay model (decision to seek care, reaching appropriate health facility, receiving appropriate care), originally developed for maternal mortality. The result of our study contextualises and brings forth evidence on impact of COVID-19 on snakebite care in West Bengal, India. Multi-faceted community programs, are needed for addressing factors affecting snakebite care, including during disease outbreaks - thus improving health systems resilience. Community programs for increasing formal health service usage, should be accompanied by health systems strengthening, instead of an exclusive focus on awareness against traditional providers.

Feasibility and acceptability of involving bilingual community navigators to improve access to health and social care services in general practice setting of Australia

BackgroundPatients from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds often face difficulties in accessing health and social care services. This study explored the feasibility and acceptability of involving community health workers (CHWs) as bilingual community navigators (BCNs) in general practice setting, to help patients from CALD backgrounds access health and social care services in Australia.MethodsThis research was conducted in two general practices in Sydney where most patients are from specific CALD backgrounds (Chinese in one practice and Samoan in other). Three CHWs trained as BCNs were placed in these practices to help patients access health and social care service. A mixed-method design was followed to explore the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention including analysis of a record of services provided by BCNs and post-intervention qualitative interviews with patients, practice staff and BCNs exploring the feasibility and acceptability of the BCNs’ role. The record was analyzed using descriptive statistics and interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed.ResultsBCNs served a total of 95 patients, providing help with referral to other services (52.6%), information about appointments (46.3%), local resources (12.6%) or available social benefits (23.2%). Most patients received one service from BCNs with the average duration of appointments being half an hour. Overall, BCNs fitted in well within the practices and patients as well as staff of participating practices accepted them well. Their role was facilitated by patients’ felt need for and acceptance of BCNs’ services, recruitment of BCNs from the patient community, as well as BCNs’ training and motivation for their role. Major barriers for patients to access BCNs’ services included lack of awareness of the BCNs’ roles among some patients and practice staff, unavailability of information about local culture specific services, and inadequate time and health system knowledge by BCNs. Limited funding support and the short timeframe of the project were major limitations of the project.ConclusionBCNs’ placement in general practice was feasible and acceptable to patients and staff in these practices. This first step needs to be followed by accredited training, development of the workforce and establishing systems for supervision in order to sustain the program. Future research is needed on the extension of the intrevention to other practices and culture groups.

Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of yoga to improve maternal mental health and immune function during the COVID-19 crisis (Yoga-M2 trial): a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Women are vulnerable during pregnancy as they experience multiple physical and psychological problems which can lead to stress and poor quality of life ultimately affecting the development of the fetus and their health during and after pregnancy. Prior evidence suggests that prenatal yoga can improve maternal health and well-being and can have a beneficial effect on immune system functioning. To date, no study has been conducted in a rural, low-resource setting in India to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a yoga-based intervention on perceived stress, quality of life, pro-inflammatory biomarkers, and symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections. To address this gap and assess whether a yoga-based intervention could improve maternal mental health and immunity during the COVID-19 crisis (Yoga-M2 trial), a single-blind individual randomized parallel group-controlled pilot trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio was implemented. We randomly allocated 51 adult pregnant women, with gestational age between 12-24 weeks in the Yoga-M2 arm (n = 25) or the enhanced usual care arm (EUC) (n = 26). Feasibility and acceptability were assessed using the process data and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) with the trial participants and yoga instructors. Multiple linear regression was used to compare follow-up scores for quantitative outcomes. A three-month follow-up assessment was completed for 48 out of 51 participants (94.12%). We did not find any statistically significant difference between both arms in total Perceived Stress Scale scores, quality of life (Eq-5D-5L index), and serum C Reactive Protein levels at the three-month follow-up assessment. The critical barriers to practicing yoga were lack of knowledge about the benefits of yoga, lack of 'felt need' to practice yoga, lack of time to practice, lack of space, lack of transport, and lack of peer group to practice yoga. Despite this, women who regularly practiced yoga described the benefits and factors which motivated them to practice regularly. The learnings from this trial will help design the explanatory trial in the future and the study findings can also be used by the primary health care system to deliver yoga-based interventions in the newly created health and wellness centers. This trial was prospectively registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India on 25 January 2022. https://www.ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/showallp.php?mid1=65173&EncHid=&userName=CTRI/2022/01/039701. Trial registration number: CTRI/2022/01/039701.

A Questionnaire-based Study on Perceptions, Attitudes, and need Assessment regarding Geriatric Healthcare among Geriatric Outpatients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India.

The lack of specialized geriatric healthcare in India, coupled with an aging population, has resulted in longer wait times, communication barriers, and a potential increase in unmet needs in a demographic that is already financially and socially vulnerable. This raises the need for exploring the perspectives and needs of the geriatric patient population to improve the quality and accessibility of the healthcare they receive. This study was conducted to assess the perceptions and perceived needs of geriatric patients regarding current healthcare and their attitudes toward specialized geriatric healthcare. Following the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC), a cross-sectional study was carried out among 262 geriatric patients (age >60) from seven outpatient departments (OPD). A structured 10-item questionnaire was administered to assess the perceptions and perceived needs of the study population. A total of 165 (63%) patients were not satisfied with the healthcare being provided to them. Around 96.1% of patients felt the need for a separate geriatric OPD/department. A total of 98% of patients had optimistic attitudes toward the possibility of specialized geriatric healthcare. A total of >80% of the patients were willing to spend more time for checkups and follow-ups regularly if that would improve their quality of life. This study showed a low satisfaction rate of geriatric patients with the current healthcare and a high felt need for specialized geriatric facilities. There was an overall positive attitude of patients toward the implementation of various facilities of specialized geriatric healthcare.