Fellow Travelers Research Articles

Abundance Against Scarcity

Abundance Against Scarcity

Doran Hrothgar Ross Scholar, Trickster, Connoisseur

Doran Hrothgar Ross Scholar, Trickster, Connoisseur

Communists Encounter Islamic Antisemitism and Misogyny, 1917–1957

Abstract Contemporary far leftists deny, trivialize, or even endorse, Islamic antisemitism. The response of Communists and fellow travelers to Islamic antisemitism in the four decades after the Bolshevik revolution was more complex. Communists were initially inclined to accept Karl Marx’s view of Islam as reactionary and an obstacle to progress. During the 1920s and 1930s, the Soviets made concerted efforts to overturn Islamic beliefs and eradicate Muslim practices in their Central Asian republics. But the Communists’ rigid adherence to narrow class analysis led them to vastly underestimate the influence of Islamic teaching about Jews in Central Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa, and often to downplay the worst outbreaks of antisemitic violence. The two lines of the Communist approach to Islamic societies were the Muslim subjugation of Jews and women, each of which they viewed as an obstacle to progress. But while their insistence on overturning the Muslim confinement of women remained unrelenting until late in the period under consideration, their challenge to Islamic subjugation of Jews was inconsistent. This article analyzes Communist responses to Muslim pogroms against Jews in Mandatory Palestine, Algeria, Tripolitania, and elsewhere. It also assesses the commentaries on Islamic antisemitism by Communists and fellow travelers from the West who spent considerable time in Soviet Central Asia in the 1930s. The final section considers the twenty-first century far left alliance with Islamists, which embodies the worst features of the earlier Communist outlook.

DIGITALISATION AND NEW TRENDS IN TRAVEL DISTRIBUTION

This paper seek to understand the role of new technologies on transformation processes of special areas of business of travel intermediaries even emerging new entities that collaborate with both poles of tourism demand. Special attention is payed to results of modification of distribution channels to be competitive in online travel market. Softwer as channel manager is more than a tool, it is emerging as core intelligence that manage time, impacting on benefits from converegence. New technologies allowed new digital platforms (Booking, Airbnb, Expedia) making travel easier. The preferences of the postmodern tourist extend beyond the streamlined and impersonal experiences, services and products. Driven by the ambition of deviating from the beaten track, new generations of travellers are converging on digital platforms to retrieve recommendations and information from fellow travellers and local residents,i.e. sources other than traditional travel intermediaries. The COVID crisis has triggered a number of changes in the world of rental accommodation. Some of these changes are flexible cancellations, new market prices, and shorter booking window. High expections make preassure on attnders in channel of distribution. There is an even greater emphasis on cleanliness, privacy and security. At the end of the research, the results speak in favor of exceptional impact of new technology on business development as well as the role that human potential has in acquiring digital skills through education and training and providing their own tools or products that facilitate business. This paper consider sociological, economic and cultural dimension that impact on behavior of users of digital platforms are formulated to support previously incompatible ideas, like (1) models of economic systems, relationships); cultural and moral perspectives on human coexistence (negotiation, lifestyle, stewardship, prosocial behaviour/altruism, collaborative symbiosis and; ideas of efficiency and enhanced value creation.

Medians in median graphs and their cube complexes in linear time

The median of a set of vertices P of a graph G is the set of all vertices x of G minimizing the sum of distances from x to all vertices of P. In this paper, we present a linear time algorithm to compute medians in median graphs. We also present a linear time algorithm to compute medians in the associated ℓ1-cube complexes. Our algorithm is based on the majority rule characterization of medians in median graphs and on a fast computation of parallelism classes of edges (Θ-classes) via Lexicographic Breadth First Search (LexBFS). We show that any LexBFS ordering of the vertices of a median graph satisfies the following fellow traveler property: the parents of any two adjacent vertices are also adjacent. Using the fast computation of the Θ-classes, we also compute the Wiener index (total distance) in linear time and the distance matrix in optimal quadratic time.

“...To a Gray Proletarian Monastery Under the Ringing of RAPP’s Bells ...ˮ: Poet Vladimir Lugovskoy: from “Fellow Travelersˮ to RAPP-Member

Based on archival documents and periodicals, the article traces the path of the constructivist poet Vladimir Lugovsky from the eve of his entry into the RAPP in 1930, together with Vladimir Mayakovsky and Eduard Bagritsky, to the party resolution of 1932 “On the restructuring of literary and artistic organizations&8j1;. Against the backdrop of the tragic death of Mayakovsky just two months after joining the RAPP and the attitude of the Rapp leadership towards him, the story of Lugovskoy appears, on the one hand, as a successful version of the “perestroika” of the former fellow traveler (poputchik), according to the canons of Rapp’s ideology, on the other hand, Lugovskiy’s example was to become a model for future relations with fellow travelers, but this was prevented by the dissolution of the RAPP.

Wittgenstein as a “Fellow Traveler” of Contextualist Sociology

The article attempts to criticize the concept of language games, as well as the hypothesis of K.A. Rodin on Wittgenstein’s influence on social science through the introduction of “contextualism”. Wittgenstein proposed to place language games in the first place in relation to the feelings and inner experience of individuals participating in common practices. The author of the article puts forward the following argument against it: indirect awareness of the rules and norms in which the individual does not participate or to which s/he does not obey suggests that the meaningfulness of actions stems not only from the context, but also from internal reflective understanding. In the final part of the article, the author refers to the work of E. Durkheim “Suicide: A Study in Sociology” in order to show that contextualism, as K. Rodin understands it, may have its own roots in sociology.

“I Have the Courage to Say Loudly that ... Only My Teaching Can Bring the World of Islam Closer to the Soviet Government” (Archival Investigation Case of Musa Bigiev, 1923—1924)

The article is based on the materials of the archival investigative case of the famous Muslim theologian Musa Jarullah Bigiev (1871—1949). The formal reason for Bigiev’s arrest in November 1923 was his intention to go to the World Muslim Congress in Calcutta without consent of the People’s Commissariat of Foreign Affairs and the State Political Directorate (GPU), as well as handing over of his works containing criticism of the Soviet government for publication abroad. However, it is not the congress or Bigiev’s publications that are within the focus of this article, but the behavioral strategies the scholar used during the investigation. Bigiev belonged to those Muslim religious figures who were described in the documents of the Eastern Department of the State Political Directorate as “progressives” (progressisty). Such ministers of religion were considered by the Bolsheviks as “fellow travelers” (poputchiki) and were meant to be used in order to create a split among the so-called “Muslim clergy”. Bigiev was well aware of this, and therefore, during the investigation, he tried to present himself as a natural ally of the Soviet government, despite his disagreement with certain postulates of Marxist theory and their application in practice by the Bolsheviks. In the archival investigative case, there are many well-known names, including figures of the pan-Islamic movement. Speaking about his friendly relations with some well-known representatives of the Muslim World in the USSR, Bigiev sought to demonstrate to the investigator his importance as a significant mediator between the Bolsheviks and Muslims.

Prophetic Populism and the Violent Rejection of Joe Biden’s Election: Mapping the Theology of the Capitol Insurrection

For President Donald Trump’s most committed Christian devotees—those with ears to hear—his rise to power was prophesied, and the 2016 victory was miraculous. Prophets again foretold re-election in 2020. These charismatic Trump supporters tended to come from outside the main denominations, and when the electoral college swung towards Joe Biden, the results were not accepted. In rejecting the election, they became fellow travellers with more overtly militant and conspiratorial groups—sometimes sharing a stage with them. This article describes the discourse of prophetic populism from 2011 to 2021—focusing in particular on the three months from the 2020 election to the storming of Capitol Hill to the inauguration of Joe Biden. Although Trump repeatedly says, ‘Promises Made, Promises Kept’, these prophetic promises did not materialise—leading some to try to force God’s hand. This article explores the reaction to three consecutive disappointments that took their toll on prophetic populism: the declaration of Joe Biden as president-elect in November 2020, the certification of his victory in early January 2021 and the inauguration later that month. It demonstrates the power of a relatively new force in conservative politics, the flexibility of beliefs in divine involvement and the resilience of these beliefs in light of weighty disconfirming evidence.

Which vietnam is under new french research today?

In the 1960s and 1970s, the humanities and social sciences were largely at the service of an idealised quest aiming at the socialist revolution. In France, academic research on communism in the Third World countries was fuelled by anti-colonial guilt. The change came from within in the early 1980s, when the exodus of Viet Kieu and the security orientation of the country's reunification distracted some of the intellectuals who were fellow travellers (compagnons de route) from the triumphant narratives about this country in the 1960s and 1970s. In 1983, a book vividly presented the contradictions of this period experienced by specialists of Vietnam in France with regard to their present or past commitments with Vietnamese communist regime. The historian Georges Boudarel mentioned: This publication is not a crusade, without complexes or taboos. It intends to place itself under the sign of mutual respect, plurality of points of view, coexistence and tolerance of opinions. These are not exalting slogans, nor are they flags to mount an assault. These terms lack panache and hardly rattle in the wind. But they sum up the hard experience of men. We will not hesitate to make them ours.

Semblanza absolutamente exacta: mapas y medios en Borges y Royce

Josiah Royce, the American idealist philosopher (1855-1916), is best known to readers of Borges in connection with a recursive map-within-a-map drawn upon the soil of England. Indeed, Borges ranks ​​"el mapa de Royce" side-by-side with his beloved Zeno´´´ s paradox in “Otro poema de los dones” (336), a Whitmanesque catalog of a few of his favorite things. Borges appreciated Royce as a fellow-wanderer through the late nineteenth-century thickets of both Anglo-American idealism and the new mathematics of transfinite numbers. Royce was not so much an influence on Borges as a fellow traveler who had arrived in a somewhat similar place after passing through Berkeley, Schopenhauer, and Cantor. 
 After cataloging connections between the two thinkers and explicating Royce's map, I will suggest that both figures are theorists of infinity and metaphysicians of the copy who offer fertile suggestions to our understanding of media in general and maps in particular. Though Royce and Borges both can strike some readers as architects of suffocating idealistic structures, there is a difference. Royce thinks his figures of infinity really do disclose the truth about the universe. Borges sees in such figures the paradoxes and slippages involved in any project of perfect duplication, and his skepticism about philosophical representation is designed, ultimately, to provide oxygen and exit from totalitarian systems. In this I would view Borges as a follower of Royce's close friend, Harvard colleague and philosophical antagonist: William James.
 
 

Defoe, Daniel. Captain Singleton. Ed. Manushag N. Powell.

Defoe, Daniel. <i>Captain Singleton</i>. Ed. Manushag N. Powell.

Thomas Beaumont, Fellow Travellers: Communist Trade Unionism and Industrial Relations on the French Railways, 1914-1939 (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press 2019)

Thomas Beaumont, Fellow Travellers: Communist Trade Unionism and Industrial Relations on the French Railways, 1914-1939 (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press 2019)

National Icon and Cultural Ambassador: Zoltán Kodály in the Musical Life of State Socialist Hungary

Abstract In my paper, I wish to raise questions pertinent to the changing position of the composer, ethnomusicologist and musical educationalist Zoltan Kodály in the musical and cultural life of the Stalinist and post-Stalinist periods of Hungarian state socialism. Owing to his folkloristic and conservative musical style, and also his identity as “an educator of the people,” Kodály established his status as a fellow traveller of statesocialism in the early 1950s. The easiest way in Hungarian composition to satisfy the expectations of the political power, as inspired by Zhdanov’s aesthetics, was to follow the style of Kodály. At the same time, Kodály sustained his reputation as a “genuine” national icon whose music was capable of expressing, even if in riddle form, anti-Stalinist sentiments in the eyes of various political and cultural circles, especially after 1953. In spite of the fact that Kodály did not take any active part in the political struggles in the revolution of 1956, he was named as a candidate for head of state by important revolutionary forces. Following the suppression of the revolution, the restored state socialist political power revised its practices in the field of art. The fact that the new cultural policy gave up the idea of a unified Hungarian art which is “national in form and socialist in content,” resulted in a temporary weakening of Kodály’s position. Kodály’s status was precarious, subjected to a challenge by avant-garde trends in composition and competing paradigms of musical education. From the early 1960s, however, when both the Western and Eastern political systems proposed strategies for long-term coexistence, Kodály gained a new function from the perspective of the political power. In Western cultural circles Kodály sustained a reputation as one of the great European humanists, and his music educational method generated a strong professional interest globally, and particularly in the usa. My paper also examines the cultural political impact of Kodály’s visit to Moscow in 1963. Kodály seems to have functioned as a mediator across the political divide. He had achieved great personal successes during his tours to the political West, and this reinforced his position in Hungary.

Travel Writing, Literature, and Romance: Polixéna Wesselényi’s Travels in Italy and Switzerland

Abstract Polixéna Wesselényi’s Travels in Italy and Switzerland, the first travel narrative that was written by a woman in Hungary and Transylvania, is a work little known to the wider international public, as it was published in Hungarian in 1842, seven years after her tour. There are few travel narratives written by East-Central European women in the first half of the nineteenth century. This essay attempts to reflect upon Wesselényi’s personal motives, her intellect and literary craftsmanship, as well as the cultural constraints she had to encounter. The romantic nature of the relationship between Wesselényi, a married woman, and the fellow travel writer John Paget, is also mirrored by the text. Travels in Italy and Switzerland not only offers an insight into the relatively favourable situation of Transylvanian women of the aristocracy in the 1830s but also shows that it had the power to inspire the works of celebrated Hungarian novelists after its publication. Although Wesselényi’s style conforms to the picturesque and sentimental travel writing published by European women in the period, it justly demands a place for itself on the list of distinguished nineteenth-century European travel writing by women.

Logique et psychologie chez Canguilhem et Lacan

ContextSince Foucault, Canguilhem has usually been classified on the side of the philosophy of the concept as opposed to the tradition of the philosophy of consciousness and the subject. On the other hand, Canguilhem is considered as a general critic of all psychology for mainly ethical reasons. These receptions led to make of Canguilhem a fellow traveler of structuralism and Lacanian psychoanalysis. An alliance realized by “the Lacanians” of the Cahiers pour l’analyse which will be philosophically justified by Foucault. ObjectiveOur objective is to question the reality of these affinities. We contribute to question the genealogical positioning of Canguilhem by Foucault, by showing the transversal dimension of his philosophy from the point of view of Foucauldian sharing. At the same time, we revisit the “Canguilhemian critique of psychology” in order to bring the complementary positive piece that seems to have been missing in his understanding. MethodTo give a particular acuity to these problems, we study Canguilhem's psychological conceptions within the Traité de logique et de morale. At the same time, we re-examine the program of the Cahiers pour l’analyse as the main space where the Lacan/Canguilhem relationship was established. We also rely on the little known and unpublished Traité de psychologie written by Canguilhem and Planet in 1940. Our work is related to the history of contemporary philosophy and the epistemology of psychological disciplines. ResultsIf the alliance of the “Lacanians” with Canguilhem could be made on the ground of the criticism of psychology and the valorization of a philosophy of the concept without personal subject, the historian of sciences does not share the antipsycholgist and logicist principles of the hyperstructuralists. We show that the criticism of psychology rests first of all in Canguilhem's misunderstanding of its scientific impossibility by covering the normative and indivisible dimension of subjective life. This normativity of mental life commands for Canguilhem the epistemological and scientific activity itself. Canguilhem is the opposite of the ontological and logicist perspectives of the Cahiers pour l’analyse. He will never cease to be faithful to a philosophy defined in the Traité de logique as “axiological”, in the sense of a primacy given to Value over Being. This primacy, which pilots the tasks of the logical activity, rests on a psychology: a definition of the mental life as a position of norms, rules and values, first to any position of truth. Canguilhem's philosophy of values and his epistemology are based on a philosophical psychology that conditions his examination of psychological disciplines. ConclusionCanguilhem criticizes psychologies insofar as he values one of them. His criterion of appreciation is the recognition of the originality of the appearances of the psychic life from his own subjective point of view, contrary by definition to that of the metric decomposition. This individual perspective must be distinguished from the refusal of any psychology by structural and logical preference. There is in the historian of sciences, a philosophy of the subject as axiological subject: point of departure of any possible psychology as of any valid medicine.

Revolutionary Violence and the Rise of the Art Novel

Revolutionary Violence and the Rise of the Art Novel

The Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Disease

I respond to the 4 commentaries by Awais Aftab &amp;amp; Kristopher Nielsen (A&amp;amp;N), Hane Htut Maung (HHM), Diane O’Leary (DO’L) and Kathryn Tabb (KT) under 3 main headings: “What is the BPSM really?” &amp;amp; Why update it?; “Is our approach foundationally compromised?”, and finally, “Antagonists or fellow travellers?”.

A Cayley graph for F2 × F2 which is not minimally almost convex

We give an example of a Cayley graph [Formula: see text] for the group [Formula: see text] which is not minimally almost convex (MAC). On the other hand, the standard Cayley graph for [Formula: see text] does satisfy the falsification by fellow traveler property (FFTP), which is strictly stronger. As a result, any Cayley graph property [Formula: see text] lying between FFTP and MAC (i.e., [Formula: see text]) is dependent on the generating set. This includes the well-known properties FFTP and almost convexity, which were already known to depend on the generating set as well as Poénaru’s condition [Formula: see text] and the basepoint loop shortening property (LSP) for which dependence on the generating set was previously unknown. We also show that the Cayley graph [Formula: see text] does not have the LSP, so this property also depends on the generating set.

Construction of multichannelmagnetolevitation systems

Background: It is proposed to set a traveling magnetic field in a special control channel (beam, pipe), coupled with several controlled channels - small-sized maglev systems in which levitation of transport modules is carried out.&#x0D; Aim: to interface the control channel with several controlled channels (up to four) small-sized maglev systems. In this case, the control channel will be located in the center, and the controlled channels at the top, right, bottom, left.&#x0D; Methods: 3D-modeling, layout, spatial composition, patent search.&#x0D; Results: The traveling magnetic field in the control channel is created by a moving sequence of interacting magnetic field sources the movers, which interact too with magnetic field sources of transport modules the fellow travelers, levitating in the controlled channels through sources of a constant magnetic field. The structure is installed on arched supports that uniformly distribute the load over the support surface. A model of a two-channel system with a lower location of a controlled channel has been developed.&#x0D; Conclusion: The small-sized maglev systems can form a multi-channel transport system.