Federal Entities Research Articles

Public Health Consortia and potentiation of the collective action on the process of regionalization

Abstract The regionalization is one of the biggest Brazilian challengers on public system of health since its decentralization and, once consolidated, turns possible the structuration of a regional scale, which can potentiates the territories. Among the organizational arrangements on health region, the public health consortium is one of the participants on public politics. Considering that the consortium must deal not only with the sum of individuals, but with a joint project, a collective action, this study aims to investigate the perception of health managers about the consortium they are part of, its role and performance on regionalization process. The research had a qualitative and exploratory approach and it was submitted to the ethics committee approval process. Data collection was done through interviews and focus groups, with semi-structured scripts. The participants were health manager or a team member from counties of the region, state and ministry of health. The analysis methodology adopted was the discourse analysis. The results were classified on conditions that limit the consolidation of regionalization through consortium and the conditions that favor it. The conditions that limit were the insufficient knowledge about consortia's role followed by its inappropriate uses and prevail of distinct and individual interests among federative entities on decision making. Otherwise, the conditions with favour regionalization among consortium are the representatively of collective interests and the collaboration character on the consortia action. In the studied territory, the public health consortia was positioned as a strategic tool, its coherent performance is revealed on the perception of the study subjects, unveiling new perspectives for strengthen the regionalization. Concluding, public health consortia can be configured as an innovative role in territorial priorities and in the midst of needs of the entities, which can be replied around the world. Key messages The regionalization turns possible the structuration of a regional scale, which potentiates the territories and one of its arrangements is the public consortium. Public health consortia can be configured as an innovative role in territorial priorities and in the midst of needs of the entities, which can be replied around de world.

HOW THE PANDEMIC MIGHT BOOST REDISCOVERING JUDICIAL DEFERENCE TO ADMINISTRATIVE CHOICES AS A POSSIBILITY

This paper presents initial signs of a new sensibility in the Brazilian Constitutional Court in reassessing the deferential approach when it comes to judicial review over public choices held by the administrative state. Precedents can be presented before the pandemics, and event after, in provisional injunctions held by the Court, considering a normative framework edited to address the health crisis that expanded the deliberative powers of federative entities and administrative agencies. Even though the limited number of rulings prevent classifying those events as a new trend in the Brazilian Constitutional Court, peremptory refusal on the deferential approach is certainly overcome.

A methodological approach to evaluating the effectiveness of regional industrial policy

Subject. The article addresses the industrial policy in the face of the need to modernize and digitize industries; the role of regional industrial policy as a link between the Federal industrial policy and individual enterprise’s development strategy. Objectives. We focus on developing a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the State industrial policy implementation in the regions of the Russian Federation, and the practical recommendations for its improvement. Methods. We employ general scientific methods of abstraction, the formal and dialectical logic, deduction and induction, analysis and synthesis, empirical analysis of data, comparative and structural methods of analysis, economic and statistical analysis of data, logical and systems approaches. Results. The paper provides the theoretical justification of industrial policy, considers its distinctive features. We devised a methodology to assess the effectiveness of regional industrial policy, which rests on the multicriteria approach and takes into account the current realities of competitive industrial development. The said methodology enables to compare the industrial development of territories both among themselves and in a dynamic perspective. The analysis of effectiveness of industrial policy implementation in the subjects of the Ural Federal District established that a growing number of federal entities are enhancing their positions in comparison with the average Russian level. Conclusions. The instruments of the Ural’s industrial policy implementation shall be targeted at structural changes in the economy, the increase in the innovative component of production, the introduction of advanced production technologies.

Problems of organizing a public audit of the budget sphere

Relevance. The article discusses the problem of state auditing in the regions of the Russian Federation. Studies of data on control activities of the Astrakhan region's RCD show a high level of risk to the economic security of the region. The problems that arise from the actual implementation of control measures in the region are identified. The analysis showed that the state audit in the regions of the Russian Federation is usually reduced to the activities of the control and counting bodies of the federal entities. The article makes recommendations on the need to include in the system of state audit in addition to the control and accounting bodies, internal audit bodies in the field of budgetary relations. The aim of the study is to look at the problems of state audit and financial control in the Astrakhan region. The objectives of the study are to identify the problems of state audit and financial control in the Astrakhan region, as well as to develop recommendations to eliminate the identified problems and improve the economic security of the region. The results of the study. The analysis of the annual reporting in the Astrakhan region revealed the dynamics of financial irregularities in the financial and budgetary sphere for the period 2015-2018. The largest percentage of the Total Financial Violations of the Department is accounted for by «Other financial irregularities» based on accounting irregularities, such as: distortion of accounting, violation of the order of its conduct; the provision of knowingly unreliable budget reporting or other information; violations of the accounting of budgetary obligations, etc. Thus, studies of data on control activities of the Astrakhan region's RCD showed a high level of risk to the economic security of the region. The reason for which is a weak accounting system, violations in it.

Parfor e formação de professores para educação básica

Enquanto política de formação docente a ser executada sob o regime de colaboração entre a União e entes federados, o Plano Nacional de Formação de Professores da Educação Básica (Parfor) completou uma década. Mas sua continuidade foi tolhida pelo decreto nº 8.752/2016, enquanto seus cursos ainda estão vigentes e pesquisas sobre ele são realizadas. Os documentos aqui analisados ”“ teses de doutorado e relatório científico de um grupo de pesquisa ”“ apontam para uma riqueza de dados, Ã s vezes contraditórios, que nos tensionam a pensar dialeticamente a realidade dos cursos no âmbito do Parfor, considerando seus aspectos negativos, mas também suas potencialidades.

Unmasking Uncle Sam: A Legal Test for Identifying State Media

In December 2018, the Chair of the House Foreign Affairs Committee published a report detailing how the U.S. Agency for Global Media, the flagship federal state media agency, improperly targeted Americans with its content through social media 860 times over a two-year period. U.S. state media agencies have enormous resources, and if left unchecked, could unduly influence free public discourse and threaten the independence of the American free press. To address this growing concern, this Article proposes a new comprehensive legal test for identifying state media that incorporates existing approaches employed by the federal government and private media entities for analyzing government publications.

Fiscalização ambiental no federalismo brasileiro de cooperação: a aplicação da Lei Complementar n° 140/2011

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender e descrever qual estrutura de cooperação foi introduzida pela Lei Complementar nº 140/2011 no sistema federativo do Brasil, além de analisar as supostas contradições apresentadas pelo art. 17 da referida lei. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória, com o levantamento de obras e análise de conteúdo, utilizando-se o método do estudo de caso, onde se elegeu como caso-piloto a Ação Civil Pública n° 0021045-62.2014.4.01.3700 (TRF-1), que aborda a possível omissão fiscalizatória em empreendimentos que geraram danos ao Rio Zutiua, na Amazônia Maranhense. Conclui que a proteção ambiental deve ser feita de maneira cooperativa entre os entes da Federação, segundo o princípio do licenciador sancionador primário, pelo qual cabe ao licenciador sancionar primariamente, sem óbice à fiscalização da atividade por todos os entes federados.

The development of the national system of innovation through investment engineering

Subject. To grow steadily and successfully, any economy should improve its mechanism for managing the socio-economic development, which should rely upon scientific approaches, methods and mechanisms. Objectives. The study is an attempt to outline the concept for developing the national economic system of innovation through investment engineering. Methods. The study is based on methods of generalization and systems analysis. Results. We propose a new concept for formulating the modern national system of innovation economics, which poses an investment project as the backbone constituent, being performed by diverse entities and organizations. The system raises the probability that comprehensive investment projects will be successfully implemented, including the reliability of mutual settlements for the sake of the ultimate economic effect. Conclusions and Relevance. The investment concept herein opens new opportunities for a new progressive strategy for the national economic development. Based on investment engineering principles, the economic system will carefully protect all types of property, effectively distribute the national property among federal, regional and local entities, and position regional and local budgets as a set of investment projects or the single investment program for the development of regions and country as a whole. The findings help implement new approaches to developing the national economic system of innovation, which will enhance the performance of manufacturing enterprises and public, collective and private entities. It will contribute to the transparency of financial flows in the non-public sector of economy and considerably curb the informal sector of economy.

Local Government Performance under a Federal System: The Nigerian Experience

This paper examines the local government practice under the federal system of government in Nigeria. It highlights the performance of local government system in Nigeria as a federal entity. It accounts for the circumstances which underline the performance of the local government system in Nigeria and the impact on its efficiency and effectiveness. The secondary method of collecting data has been adopted in this paper and data collected were subjected to further documentary analysis. David Easton’s systems theory is employed as the theoretical framework. The findings reveal that because the practice of federalism in Nigeria has failed to take into account the heterogeneous composition of its peoples, it adopted a uniform system of local government which has failed to make impact on the people within their localities. The paper recommends enthronement of genuine and practical democratic federal cultures across the country and a fundamental review of the laws that created the Nigerian local government system with a view to evolving fewer but stronger local governments that are relatively independent, functional and adapted to meet peculiar local needs.

El rol del conocimiento en el crecimiento económico: un análisis espacial para México

El objetivo de la investigación es el análisis de la influencia del nivel educativo de la fuerza laboral, la acumulación del capital intelectual, la capacidad de innovación y de la transferencia de conocimientos sobre la actividad económica de las entidades federativas de México. Para este objetivo, se estimaron diferentes especificaciones de un modelo panel que toman en cuenta los patrones de correlación espacial de la actividad económica y argumentos no observables de la función de producción de entidades colindantes. Los resultados sugieren que, al disminuir la proporción de trabajadores con niveles de educación más bajos, al aumentar la acumulación de capital intelectual y al intensificar el intercambio de bienes y servicios con el exterior, el nivel de producción se incrementa.

O acesso de pessoas com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis à Rede de Atenção à Saúde em pequenos municípios

As doenças crônicas apresentam início gradual, com duração longa ou incerta e geralmente têm múltiplas causas, contemplando uma categoria vasta de agravos e exigindo reorganizações do sistema de saúde. A rede de atenção à saúde das pessoas com doenças crônicas busca promover a atenção integral e ampliação das ações de promoção à saúde e de prevenção do aparecimento de complicações. Este estudo objetivou analisar o acesso das pessoas com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis aos serviços de saúde, comparando a oferta de atendimentos e procedimentos em dois pequenos municípios da Região de Saúde 29, do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), com os parâmetros estabelecidos pela Portaria 1.631/2015. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e exploratório, com base em documentos das Secretarias Municipais de Saúde e entrevistas com gestores e informantes-chave de dois municípios do RS. Verificou-se que não há dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde na atenção básica; porém, a oferta de assistência na média e alta complexidade é insuficiente, dificultando o acesso do usuário e induzindo sua participação financeira no custeio do diagnóstico e tratamento. Concluiu-se que é necessário ampliar a oferta de atendimentos de média e alta complexidade, no que se refere às doenças crônicas, cabendo aos três entes federativos estabelecer mecanismos de garantia de acesso a estes serviços, bem como uma regulação qualificada.

К вопросу о праве граждан на отзыв высшего должностного лица субъекта РФ

К вопросу о праве граждан на отзыв высшего должностного лица субъекта РФ

A proposed innovation model for public organizations: empirical results from federal government innovation experts in the United Arab Emirates

Innovation management and associated modeling have garnered significant research interest in recent decades. The considerable interest in the topic resulted in the development of several innovation models for private and public sector organizations. A comprehensive literature review conducted by the authors of this paper on various innovation management models in the private and public sectors revealed that the majority of models share common stages. The authors presented the results of this study at a relevant international conference in 2018 that is published by IEEE and indexed by Scopus. However, it was seen that when modeling for the public sector, sufficient focus has not been placed on commercialization and practical utilization. The objective of the present study is, therefore, to develop an innovation model that allows public organizations to maximize commercialization and practical utilization. In this regard, interviews with innovation experts from different federal government entities in multiple emirates within the United Arab Emirates were conducted in order to understand the current situation for the innovation management process in the UAE government. The data from interviews were collected, conceptualized, and organized for ease of management using a Thematic Analysis approach (Braun and Clarke in Qual Res Sport Exerc Health 11(4):589–597, 2019). The outputs were analyzed to identify common themes in the results. Based on the results of the literature review, its comparative and content analysis and the results from the interviews an innovation model for public organizations is developed. The proposed model, focuses on three main areas: the type of innovation model, the stages in the entire process, and the tools associated with each stage. The proposed model is useful in that it addresses the critical aspect of commercialization and operational sustainability of the ideas, which was absent in the majority of existing models. The proposed model could help government entities identify, generate and conceptualize ideas for improvements, thereby exploiting new services that are more effective and efficient.

Calidad de Gobierno en el diseño de política pública: el caso del Programa de Concurrencia con las Entidades Federativas en México

Objetivo: analizar la distribución de recursos del Programa de Concurrencia con las Entidades Federativas 2015-2017 para determinar el posible uso discrecional de los recursos públicos. Metodología: se realizó un estudio semilongitudinal, el cual permitió realizar una estratificación de unidades de producción beneficiadas del Programa de Concurrencia de acuerdo con tres criterios: 1) el monto del apoyo; 2) el ingreso obtenido en el año y 3) si hubiera efectuado la inversión sin el apoyo. Resultados: se obtuvo una clasificación de seis estratos de unidades de producción. Para las unidades de estratos con menores ingresos es casi imposible conseguir apoyo cuando compiten con las grandes empresas, toda vez que la discrecionalidad permite asignar los recursos preferentemente a las Unidades de Producción de mayores ingresos. Limitaciones: las bases de datos con las cuales se trabaja son de terceros; es deseable levantar información directa con productores beneficiarios. Conclusiones: se observan debilidades en la selección de la población objetivo, en la asignación de recursos a nivel municipal y estrato del productor, lo que se traduce como debilidades para la corrección de disparidades de desarrollo regional.

El Modelo Mexicano de Formación Dual como modelo educativo en pro de la inserción laboral de los jóvenes en México

El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar la influencia del Modelo Mexicano de Formación Dual (MMFD) como modelo educativo en pro de la inserción laboral de los jóvenes egresados de la educación media superior y superior en México, para lo cual se realiza el análisis factorial de correspondencia para el periodo 2013-2016, a nivel nacional y por entidad federativa. Entre los resultados destaca una relación positiva entre el MMFD y la inserción laboral, donde un mayor escalamiento del MMFD coincide con un decrecimiento de la tasa de desocupación y un incremento en el número de ocupados.

Abstract C120: Evidence-based strategies to enhance colorectal cancer screening in American Indian communities

Abstract Despite the proven effectiveness of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, American Indians (AIs) have some of the lowest CRC screening rates. Nearly two-thirds of US adults are current with US Preventive Services Task Force guidelines for CRC screening. In contrast, based on Indian Health Service (IHS) Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) data, AI screening rates range from a low of 28% in the Phoenix Area, to 30% in the Albuquerque Area and a high of only 51% in the Oklahoma Area. The AI CRC Screening Consortium was formed by the National Cancer Institute-Designated Cancer Centers at the Universities of Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma to address the major regional CRC screening disparities. The Consortium’s overall objective is to increase CRC screening delivery and uptake in AIs aged 50 to 75 years at average risk for CRC through the implementation of cost-effective multilevel, multicomponent evidence-based interventions (EBIs) across AI populations (on and off tribal lands) in the tri-state region. As part of the planning phase of the project (Year 1), we completed mixed-methods environmental scans (focus group and interviews, and readiness to change surveys) among tribal members and multisector healthcare providers practicing at Indian Health Service (IHS, I), Tribal (T), and Urban Indian (U) (I/T/U) healthcare facilities across the three states. In all, we conducted seven focus groups, 71 interviews, and three surveys at nine I/T/U healthcare facilities. We organized the focus group and interview data according to The Guide to Community Preventive Services (The Community Guide) recommendations for strategies to increase: community demand, community access, and provider delivery of CRC screening. We will provide quotes and summaries underscoring the EBIs and strategies recommended by the multisector healthcare action teams for implementation at their healthcare facilities. We will also describe the establishment of the Consortium and challenges experienced in conducting research with multiple tribal and federal entities and regulatory authorities. The use of community-academic participatory approaches has facilitated bidirectional and mutually beneficial knowledge integration, collaborative inter-dependent partnerships, equity in data ownership, and capacity enhancement. The scope of this project presents an opportunity to reduce CRC incidence and mortality affecting thousands of AIs. Our collaborative work will create opportunities for future research addressing the spectrum of CRC prevention, detection, and treatment in AI populations across the US. Citation Format: Shiraz I Mishra, Mark P Doescher, Jennifer Hatcher, Kevin English, Dorothy Rhoades, Peter Lance, Shane Pankratz, Jessica Blanchard, Nicholas Edwardson, Michelle Hopkins, Andrew Sussman, Zsolt Nagykaldi, Cheyenne Jim. Evidence-based strategies to enhance colorectal cancer screening in American Indian communities [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr C120.

Qualification of nursing potential in maternal mortality in Mexico

ObjectivesTo develop a method that measures nursing potential through the factor analysis of relevant nursing data and social context by taking maternal mortality as the study problem. MethodsA Cross-sectional and analytical study, a multivariate analysis was performed. The Nursing Coverage Index, the Human Development Index, population density and the proportion of nurses with a bachelor’s degree or upper degree, are studied by federative entity, only data from government sources are used. The Index of Nursing Qualification in Mexico (INQM) was constructed through principal component analysis. ResultsThe highest correlation was between the INQM and the Nursing Coverage Prioritization Index (NCPI), which was 0.849 (P < 0.01) and showed a strong positive linear relationship. The Population Density Prioritization Index (PDPI) shows a strong positive correlation with the INQM (0.716, P < 0.01). Three factors were extracted by principal component analysis and the INQM was generated with the three main components in a model. There is very low correlation between INQM and maternal mortality rate (MMR) and no statistical significance was found. ConclusionsThis study shows that nursing qualification must include economic, geographic and social variables. The INQM is an indicator that summarises the potential of each federative entity. Given these results, a contribution is provided for the application of these indices, which can help determine nursing potential in a specific geographical region.

Quality in education: what’s the suitable funding to the basic education?

In this paper we will discuss the basis of Brazilian educational funding regarding basic education. The FUNDEB, which ends in 2020, enabled the decentralization of basic education by transfering funds according to the number of registrations per school network. This model takes into account the budget capacity of the Federal Government and other federal entities, not an initial floor that allows school units to meet their operating expenses. At this moment, we discuss the design of a new standard, based on a minimum value per student.

AJP-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology: Looking Toward the Future

<i>AJP-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology</i>: Looking Toward the Future

ОЦЕНКА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ФИНАНСАМИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЙ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ

The actual problem of optimizing financial management in state budgetary healthcare institutions is considered. In the framework of the state policy, it is necessary to clearly define the limit of social guarantees provided at the expense of budgets, and to create new mechanisms for social protection of citizens. The implementation of this task largely depends on the condition and stability of the state and municipal finances, which are the main source of healthcare funding. The Federation entities and municipalities are independent in determining the list of target programs due to different priorities of socio-economic development, differences in the structure of state authorities and local governments. When forming the procedure for the development, implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of targeted programs, the Federation entities and municipalities must find a balance between approaches of the federal government level, the specifics of the territory and the features of the existing system of state (municipal) managing its socio-economic development. The authorities of various levels are forced to limit the growth of budget expenditures against the backdrop of an unfavorable economic situation. The most important condition for the development of the budget system of the Russian Federation in such a situation is to increase the efficiency of the use of budget funds. Health expenditures account for about a quarter of territorial budget expenditures. Therefore, one of the most important issues of financing state medical budgetary institutions is financing from the funds received from the provision of paid services through active cooperation with insurance companies. The analysis of the structure of financial flows revealed trends and deviations from the planned values. The effect from cooperation of medical institutions with insurance companies is analyzed. Cooperation is based on the variation of two main variable factors - the discount and the expected increase in demand for services, which allows us to determine the effectiveness of project implementation both for individual groups of services and for the entire commercial activity of the hospital as a whole.