Dialect Features Research Articles

Dialecticism in the Tauragė zone: the changing realization of dialectal features (from the second half of the 20th century to the 2010s)

Mobility and interaction with speakers of other (sub)dialects are two of the most important factors driving the change in the Southern Žemaitian subdialect of Raseiniai. Movement towards more socioculturally and infrastructurally stronger locations within the neighbouring (sub)dialects (Western Žemaitian, Southern Žemaitian of Varniai, Western Aukštaitian of Kaunas) has caused the formation of a separate zone in the south-western part of the Southern Žemaitian subdialect of Raseiniai. Characterised by communicational links, this zone includes 15 points of the „Atlas ofthe Lithuanian Language“ (Lietuvių kalbos atlasas; hereinafter – LKA): Vainutas (LKA 356), Žvingiai (LKA 357), Pagramantis (LKA 358), Lomiai (LKA 359), Batakiai (LKA 360), Skaudvilė (LKA 361), Petkaičiai (LKA 362), Žygaičiai (LKA 390), Jociai (LKA 391), Stragutė (LKA 392), Joniškė (LKA 393), Pašaltuonys (LKA 394), Eržvilkas (LKA 395), Rūgaliai (LKA 463) ir Eičiai (LKA 464). The migration of Žemaitian communities prompted the formation of a transitionalTauragė geolect. A three-generational study of dialecticism in the area confirms intense changeability and variability of dialectal features – the characteristics of a transitional geolect.This article analyses the realization of dialectal features in the Southern Žemaitian subdialect of Raseiniai based on dialectal texts collected during the second half of the 20th century and the sound recordings obtained during the 2010s. This data was collected from seven LKA points within the Tauragė zone (Vainutas (LKA 356), Žvingiai (LKA 357), Pagramantis (LKA 358), Lomiai (LKA 359), Skaudvilė (LKA 361), Žygaičiai (LKA 390), and Jociai (LKA 391)) deemed tobe most representative of the subdialect in the 20th century. When the realization of dialectal features during these two periods was compared, differences were found not only in terms of the time segment but also within virtually all LKA points and fragments of dialectal materials supplied by every respondent. The average dialecticism scores show that the residents of the Tauragė zone spoke the traditional variant of the subdialect (dialectal speech) in the second half of the 20th century but moved towards a less traditional variant by the 2010s. This is also summarised and confirmed in the diagrams of dialecticism values.During the research, differences between the minimum and maximum limits of dialecticism were identified and the range of dialecticism indexes was determined. The results prove that the Tauragė zone has been dialectally heterogenous since the second half of the 20th century. In just over sixty years the area has experienced a rather dynamic transition from dialect speech to the less traditional variant. Therefore, a greater degree of variation across the dialecticism scores of the sound recordings, compared to those observed in the text fragments, leads to theconclusion that the change in the subdialect is becoming increasingly faster in the 21st century due to the processes of convergence.

Special features of case marking forms in the first printed New Testament in the Udmurt language

Introduction. This article considers the nominal case markers in the first printed New Testament in the Udmurt language. These manuscripts are known as the first sources for studying the process of the case system formation, as well as the morphology of the Udmurt language as a whole. Materials and Methods. The research was conducted on the basis of the corpus of the texts published in 1847, which comprise Gospels of Matthew and Mark translated in the Glazov and Sarapul dialects of the Udmurt language. The analysis was carried out by comparing the linguistic material of the written sources with the data of the Standard Udmurt language and its dialects. Results and Discussion. During the study, three main features were identified in the case indicators of monuments: a) formation of accusative plural forms in the simple declension in all sources with the help of the marker -ызъ; b) use of the forms with the initial и in the first books instead of ы-forms in Standard Udmurt in the instrumental, inessive, elative and prolative cases; c) the presence of the marker -энъ in the text of the New Testament in the Sarapul dialect, alongside with the common suffix -ынъ, which serves as the means for building nominal plural forms in the instrumental case. In addition, the manuscripts in the Glazov dialect demonstrate forms of secondary local cases, as well as instances of using egressive forms in the function of elative. Conclusion. Analysis of the case markers in the first Udmurt New Testament demonstrated special features of different nature, which can be explained by orthography as well as dialectal features of the studied sources.

A Chronicler Hath a Facebook Page: Enregistering “Old Romanian” Online

Drawing on Agha’s (2003, 2005) theory of enregisterment, our research is concerned with the linguistic practices through which “old Romanian” as an imagined variety is perceived and represented online by educated non-linguists contributing to the Letopiseț (“chronicle”) Facebook page. The administrator and the community gathered around this page write humorously about current political or social events using, more or less competently, an approximation of 17th-century Romanian – an endeavour similar to the one found on Geoffrey Chaucer hath a blog (Bryant 2010) and other pages. The purpose of our paper is to analyse how “old Romanian” is enregistered as such and what are the salient linguistic and cultural features indexically linked to the idea of “archaicity”. We contend that, on the Letopiseț Facebook page, “old Romanian” is enregistered in three main ways: by using a set of archaic graphic, morphosyntactic and lexical features (either authentic or invented by the administrator); by using dialectal features, thought of as old; and by using quotes and pseudo-quotes (Minugh 1999) from old Romanian texts. In the end, we discuss a few possible reasons for using “old Romanian” online.

A REVIEW ON THE DIALECTOLOGY OF KYRGYZ TURKISH

The language; undergoes phonetic, morphological and lexical changes due to historical, social, geographical and cultural reasons. Kyrgyz Turkish has also changed due to similar reasons and its dialects have been formed. In addition to historical, social and cultural differences, the contacts of the region’s people with their geographical neighbours and the mountainous and rugged physical conditions of the area have been influential in the formation of dialect differences in Kyrgyz Turkish. These geographical conditions have made communication between tribes difficult in some places. And as a result language contact with neighbouring countries, has led to copy words and some grammatical changes. In the study, the classification studies on the Kyrgyz Turkish dialects were examined and the dialect features were shown. In this article, firstly, dialectology terms in Turkology studies conducted in Turkey and Kyrgyzstan are shown. The formation process of the dialects of Kyrgyz Turkish and the factors are explained chronologically. Then, the classification studies of the Kyrgyz dialects divided into North, Southeast and Southwest (İçkilik) are shown. In classification studies, phonetic, morphological and lexical features of Kyrgyz dialects are shown by giving examples from grammatical findings.

Շիրակի մի հրաշապատում հեքիաթի տեղը «Կախարդական մատանի» տիպի հեքիաթախմբում

The subject of the study is the Shirak region magic folktale "The Tale of Jampulad", which belongs to the ATU 560 "The Magic Ring" folktale type group according to the international classification of Hans-Jörg Uther. The actions and realities of the folktale (the status of the character and the presence of an inheritance, the acquisition of faithful animals and a magical item, the presence of taboos, the theft of a magical item by evil forces and its return to the character) are studied in the context of Armenian, as well as Italian, Japanese, Persian, Russian, Bulgarian, Georgian, Kyrgyz folktales of the same type. A scrupulous study of the tales shows that the Shirak version, which has certain similarities with other tales of the group, is distinguished by a peculiar plot structure and some motifs due to the mutual penetration of folklore material and dialectal features typical for the region.

BEARING OF SCIENTIFIC DATA ON LEGAL REASONING

Legal reasoning and its associated dialectical features generally provide the dimensions and contours for the jurisprudence that govern international, municipal as well as verdicts reached by the courts. Policy makers, international organisations together with the legal systems of various countries take a number of decisions on both the drafting and the conclusion of agreements based on multiple factors. One of these important factors to be taken into consideration is the impact of these agreements, conventions and decisions on humanity in general. Will it affect the security of mankind, will it have effect on the ecosystem-both flora and fauna, biodiversity, climate change and a host of others. With modern advancements in science and technology, scientific assessments have also become one of the biggest considerations on agreements as well as verdicts reached by courts. Studies abounds that reinforce the evidence that “scientific data has a huge bearing on legal reasoning.” The first section of the paper looks at the parameters between the law and science. The next examines the theoretical conceptions of the scientific process followed by the explanation of key concepts. Philosophical analysis of the concept of reasoning together with its foundational principles are also discussed. Finally, the paper highlights the synergy between scientific data and legal reasoning. The socio-legal methodology is used to undertake a contextual analysis of some international agreements and their implications, as well as the jurisprudence reached by some courts with the aid of scientific knowledge. Conclusion is then drawn based on the discussion.

Ext and Context of Dream (After the Material of Traditional Culture)

Introduction. The text of a dream, recorded in oral lore and handwritten books of dream interpretations, is considered in the article. The published work is aimed at the study of the process of forming a mythological narrative, which is based on dreams. Research methods accumulate tools of scientific knowledge, borrowed from Philosophy, Psychology and Cultural Anthropology. The obtained results. In traditional culture dreaming is perceived as a meta-message that must be adapted to the other members of society. The transformation of a dream into a text occurs through a logical explanation of obscure images of sleep, i. e. visually asymmetric visions of the subconscious as if squeezed into the parameters of the causal sequence. A certain similarity is considered as a typical feature of different dream texts. It is explained by the fact that they are formed in a common mental field of culture. In this regard, their interpretation takes place within the conceptual apparatus of the mythological picture of the world, which is dual. Typical dream plots and variants of their interpretation are contained in the so-called books of dream interpretations. The existence of the dream interpretation tradition until nowadays is an evidence of its relevance and is explained by the need of contemporaries to establish contact with the invisible world in order to possess hidden knowledge and predict the future. In this case, the text of the dream acquires dialectal characteristics, because it is the result of mythological thinking, but at the same time it produces mental algorithms. Thus, the verbal translation of a dream is understood as the creation of a text of the myth that can be positioned as its own or collective history. Despite the fact that modern culture tends to individualization and a certain isolation, dreaming is not always perceived as a purely personal message, that has caused the emergence of phenomenological approaches in its interpretation.

Fast-Speech-Induced Hypoarticulation Does Not Considerably Affect the Diachronic Reversal of Complementary Length in Central Bavarian.

This study investigated a sound change in progress by which the Central Bavarian dialect feature of complementary length between consonant and the preceding vowel is giving way to the unrestricted combination possibility of long (Vː) and short (V) vowels with following longer fortis (Cː) and shorter lenis (C) stops, respectively. This 2 × 2 system is also found in the standard variety of German. While previous studies have regarded any such findings of convergence toward Standard German as being a result of language contact, the present study specifically tested the possibility of fast-speech-induced hypoarticulation being a system-internal driver of this change. The focus of this study was on acoustic cues to the postvocalic stop. Following the apparent-time paradigm, acoustic analyses of 10 younger and 10 older dialect speakers revealed that (1) younger dialect speakers produced both VC and VːCː (both formerly illegal in the dialect), but (2) older dialect speakers produced only VːCː sequences with duration patterns similar to those of the control group of 10 Standard German speakers. Analyses of various dependent variables further showed (3) the (apparently) delayed emergence of aspiration as an additional cue to the fortis-lenis contrast in Western Central Bavarian particularly in younger dialect speakers, (4) no considerable effect of speech rate on the dispersion of and overlap between any of the four vowel-plus-stop combinations, and (5) the irregular spread of this change that appears to be gradual. As such, the findings support a model of linguistic change that also accounts for gradual changes in dialect borrowing.

The North Ukrainian dialect of Vyšneve in the East Slavic context: towards a final description

Abstract The linguistic description of the dialect of Vyšneve (Černihiv, Ukraine) can be considered a milestone of a more comprehensive dialectal and sociolinguistic study on the dialects spoken along the Ukrainian-Belarusian and, to a lesser extent, Russian border areas of eastern Polissia. Some of the most representative features of the Vyšneve dialect and its relation to Belarusian have already been the object of previous linguistic analysis. The village is situated about 35 km north-east of the city of Černihiv (regional centre); 12 km south-east of the town of Ripky (former district centre). The distance to the Belarusian border is approximately 35 kilometers. Only the former district of Horodjans’k separates Vyšneve from the region of Brjansk (Russian Federation). The factual material examined in this article aims to complete previous research gaps and, at the same time, intends to foster further theoretical reflections about the origin of these border dialects. The analysis of this local dialect (which includes the phonetic-phonological, morpho-syntactic and lexical levels) in fact lays the foundation for successive and more advanced stages of research on the Ukrainian-Belarusian-Russian border dialects. In this contribution the dialectal features will be systematically compared with both the neighbouring Belarusian dialects spoken along the Ukrainian-Belarusian continuum and with the nearby southern Russian dialects, particularly with their western group. The latter, in fact, shares with the neighbouring Ukrainian and Belarusian border dialects a series of isoglosses and idiosyncratic traits.

EFFORTS OF A MINORITY MOSLEM DIASPORA TO BUILD A SOCIAL IDENTITY IN BALI

The Pegayaman Muslim diaspora historically originated from Java. Pegayaman, the village they live in, is one of the largest Islamic villages in Buleleng Bali. For them, Islam is a religion that not only contains a belief system that has abstract values, but also becomes a cultural attribute that distinguishes them from the Balinese Hindu community in its environment. In this context, they must have a social identity to show. The question that can be asked is how this diaspora that resides amidst the majority of the Balinese Hindus build their social identity? The objective of this research is to find out and discuss the efforts done by this community to build their identity. The method used is a sociolinguistic study utilizing a qualitative method. The data collected were in the form of authentic verbal linguistic data, which consist of conversations in five language domains. The data were collected using the (non-)participatory observation method and interviews. Both the participatory and the non-participatory observation took 6 months. Three interviews in five different language domains which involved seven interviewees were carried out. To obtain the data in question, a number of five families and their social networks were taken purposively as research subjects. To ensure data saturation, snowballing technique was also used. A number of important informants such as penglingsir ’adat elderly’, religious and traditional leaders (Guru), penghulu, and mekel or village heads were also involved as data sources. The study found the followings. The most obvious phenomenon is that they use Bahasa Bali in informal language domains by adapting some of its dialectal features. They are also adaptive, accommodative, and assimilable to the Balinese culture and traditions. The accommodation was shown in the implementation of the systems of Subak ‘the Balinese traditional irrigation system’ and Banjar ‘part of a hamlet’. The adaptation was in a number of tradition-related activities: Muludan Base, Muludan Taluh, Penapean, Penyajaan, Penampahan, Ngemanisin, and Ngejot. The assimilation was also seen in the Terms of Address and Terms of Reference used. Through these accommodative and adaptive efforts, they manage to build their social identity with the hope that their existence could be recognized and accepted, and thus they can practice their beliefs and faith, and practice and pass on their culture well

A critical assessment of English dialect feature catalogues: Towards a dialectometrical evaluation of the English Dialect Dictionary Online

Scholars have traditionally described dialects in a selective way by identifying individual, supposedly characteristic, features in a certain area. However, modern dialectology ambitiously claims to depict dialectal areas holistically by simultaneously attributing a large number of important features to geographical space and measuring the difference between dialectal areas. In the face of this quantifying challenge, which some scholars refer to as ‘dialectometry,’ the question of how these features can be defined and found has arisen within the last few decades. This overview article presents a detailed state of the art, drawing on traditional dialectology as well as variationist and recent ‘dialectometrical’ approaches. The question of dialect feature retrieval is answered with the help of the English Dialect Dictionary Online, which is based on Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary (1898–1905) and has been generally accessible since 2019. The paper is an empirical demonstration of how dialectology could benefit from a new tool and from resultant methods of analysis.

Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī and Ghūrid Self-Fashioning

This article investigates the intellectual production of the celebrated scholar Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d. 606/1210) during the decade or so he spent in the service of the Ghūrid sultans, from ca. 591/1195 to 602/1206. Operating exclusively within religious disciplines—theology, law and Qurʾān exegesis—and displaying pronounced rhetorical and dialectical features, this production contrasts significantly with his earlier and later production, which most notably exhibits much closer engagement with philosophy. It is argued that this “Ghūrid interlude” in al-Rāzī’s production reflects his role in spearheading the sultans’ project of divesting from the socially and culturally peripheral Karrāmiyya and fashioning themselves as champions of a sophisticated and cosmopolitan orthodoxy, and is furthermore aligned with his patrons’ transregional policies, including their pro-Abbasid stance. Al-Rāzī was in return invested by the Caliph al-Nāṣir with the title “he who summons people to the True One” (al-dāʿī li-l-khalq ilā l-ḥaqq), more commonly attested as “he who summons to God” (al-dāʿī ilā llāh). The article also offers a new examination of al-Rāzī’s Ghūrid-period intellectual biography and oeuvre.

В.И. ДАЛЬ: ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИЕ ПРЕДВИДЕНИЯ

More than half-century collection of geographically and functionally diverse lexicographic material on the territory of the Russian Empire allowed V.I. Dahl to determine the peculiarity of the language situation and the main directions of the development of the Russian language in the relationship between the interaction of inter-dialect and foreign-language interactions, largely correlated with the achievements of modern linguistics. Particularly significant in this regard are the comments of V.I. Dahl on the formation and development of secondary dialects in the vast territory of the Orenburg province, where the post of assistant to the Orenburg military governor allowed him to directly observe the features of Orenburg dialects, which are formed in isolation from maternal dialects in direct contact with the dialects of more than twenty provinces of the Russian Empire and in the neighborhood with Turk and Finno-Ugric languages. At the same time, V.I. Dahl notes the specifics of Cossack dialects, due to the status of the Cossacks in the border territories, as well as gender and socially significant differences in the speech of Cossacks and Cossacks. Filigree linguistic observations of V.I. Dahl on the variety of Orenburg dialects at the stage of their formation and development have scientific significance not only in historical terms, but also to a certain extent correlate with the modern level of studying dialects of late settlement territories, including studies in the field of interference, contact and specificity of the permeability of Russian dialects.

Woman in Erzurum Folk Songs

Üreten kadınların gerek bireysel gerek toplumsal cinsiyete ilişkin sorunlar karşısında seslerini duyurmaya başlar hale gelmesine paralel olarak, kadını konu alan sosyal çalışmalar da hız kazanmaya başlamıştır. Halk biliminden sosyolojiye, psikolojiden müzikolojiye kadar farklı disiplinlerde toplumsal cinsiyet ve kadın temasını ele alan -özellikle- kültürel çalışmalarda bunun yansımalarını görmek mümkündür. Kültürün işitsel boyutu olan müzik alanında da kadına ilişkin çalışmaların artmaya başladığı görülür. Popüler müziklerin yanı sıra kültürün sözlü ve işitsel yansıması olan türkülerde de bu kapsamda çalışma hareketliliği dikkati çeker. Toplum yaşamını, olaylara bakış açısını geçmişten günümüze taşıyan kültürel miras olan türküler, sözlerindeki temalardan, motiflerden yola çıkarak toplumunun özüne ilişkin bilgi edinmemizi sağlayan önemli veri kaynaklarıdır. Bu araştırmada, bu değerli kaynaklardan yola çıkarak, kadının konumuna Erzurum türküleri örnekleminde yanıt aranmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, Erzurum yöresine ait 308 türkü içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiş, sözlerinde kadın teması içeren 167 türkü saptanmıştır. 153’ü kırık hava, 14’ü uzun hava olan bu türkülerin; makam, usul, ağız özelliklerine göre dağılımı yapılmıştır. Türküler, kadına ilişkin semboller, hitap şekilleri, kadına uygun görülen roller açısından incelenmiş, tüm veriler tablo ve grafikler şeklinde gösterilmiştir.

LANGUAGE AND VARIETIES

This paper examines the sociolinguistic matter of linguistic variation, and the central issue taken up by this paper is the close relation between the language and the dialect diversity. It is speculated, here, that the language speaker absorbs his language in the subconscious at the early stages of childhood. A dialect is a system of communication spoken by a particular group in a particular area. As a result of the dynamism of language, its versatility and flexibility, it changes over time at all levels of sound, word, and sentence. Dialects arise from non-linguistic factors, such as the common belief, the common origin, the colour, the ethnic and the geographical location. This assumption leads to the investigation of universal dialect characteristics such as dialect, style, register etc., within the complex relationship between language and society. The end result of this paper supports the speculation that the broad term dialects standardize both written and spoken form. The existence of the standard form of the language is evidence in support of the claim that standard evolves from dialects.

Denov kichik dialektal zonasining xususiyatlariga doir

It is known to the world of science that areal linguistics is in the process of formation as a science in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The theoretical foundations of this science have been laid and it is associated with the name of A. Jhorayev, but the research on linguistic geography, which is a component of areal linguistics, began relatively earlier in the Republic of Uzbekistan. A theoretical issue is brought to the attention of linguists, which is the issue of a small dialectal zone in this article. It’s true, the world linguistics has been thinking about the dialectal zone for many years. A. Jhorayev explained his new views based on the characteristics of Uzbek dialects. The idea he put forward is a dialectal zone, which is a linguistic phenomenon that represents its parts within a language array. We can tentatively call it a large dialectal zone. The question of whether these dialectal zones can be divided into parts is also on the agenda, and it is possible to treat it as a small dialectal zone. This issue is discussed in the article.

GRAMMATICAL VARIABILITY OF THE UKRAINIAN TRANSMIGRATORY MICRODIALECT IN BASHKORTOSTAN

The article deals with the question of variability – a structural and typological universal feature of most dialects, which is caused by the oral form of their existence. The subject of the study is grammatical variability, which was considered on the basis of one translocalized (transmigratory) Ukrainian microdialect of Stepanivka village, Aurgazinsky district, the Republic of Bashkortostan. The majority of the population of Stepanivka are Ukrainians, at the same time representatives of other ethnic groups live in the village too, which creates conditions for close contacts. The source of the study were the corpora of dialectal texts of coherent speech of Ukrainians in Stepanivka, recorded in 2012 during the dialectological expedition, and narratives published in the book "Ethnographic image of Ukrainians abroad" (Kyiv, 2019). The study was carried out taking into account the features of the maternal basis of this microdialect: the source for the Bashkirian Stepanivka is Slobozhansky dialect with some Middle Dnieper features.
 Analysis of the dialectal texts corpora from the Stepanivka microdialect allowed to identify invariant and variant grammatical forms of different parts of speech. Variant grammatical forms occur due to various factors: most variants, or so-called doublet grammatical forms, correspond to the dialectal norm of the microdialect, and since this microdialect is translocalized, to the original system of its maternal dialectal basis; the other ones are the result of contacts with another idiom, primarily with the Russian language. An important factor in the manifestation of grammatical variability is the peculiarities of the idiodialects of the dialectal speakers.
 The variant forms are found within different parts of speech. The verb system is the most stable to the influence of contact idioms, while there are many variants in the case system of noun parts of speech, which is the result of adopting grammatical features of contact Russian language; the analysis of the context of using of such forms testifies to their equal function with original grammar forms.

THE PHENOMENON OF WRITTEN DIALECT TEXTS (NAIVE POETRY OF NORTHERN PODLACHIA)

The article examines the issue of works of naive literature as written monuments of the dialect language. Based on the materials of the ethnolinguistic-dialectological expedition of 2005, nine poems of two authors from the vicinity of Bielsk Podlaski – Olha Onatsyk (born in 1921, Yagushtovo village) and Volodymyr Sosna (born in 1937, Pashkivshchyna village) – were introduced into scientific circulation and analyzed in linguistic and thematic terms. From a psychological point of view, the desire to write poetry arose among numerous naive poets of Northern Podlachia mainly because of the desire to fill a kind of lacuna associated with the functional limitation of the native language. In the case of such poets, usually retired peasants, the value of their works for humanitarian studies is determined not only by the representation of the peasant picture of the world, but also (or primarily) by the language itself. The archaic dialects used by them deserve the special attention as one of the most important parts of ethnoculture. The themes and stylistic means of the presented works confirm the researchers' conclusion that such poetry "stands between literature and folklore". The works of both amateur poets are presented according to manuscripts and parallel audio recording (author's reading) – this approach allows to avoid subjectivism when evaluating dialectal phenomena, primarily phonetic ones. Particular attention is paid to the unique dialect features in the manuscripts. The principles of publishing works of Podlachian naive literature written in Latin graphics are proposed: accurate transmission of manuscripts, parallel transliteration in Cyrillic, commenting on unclear lexemes (narrow-local dialectisms, borrowings). The importance of preserving the ethno-cultural heritage of the Ukrainians of Northern Podlachia is emphasized. Systematic research, the publication of ethnolinguistic descriptions, dialect texts and dictionaries will allow us to create a reliable picture of the current state of the dialects of the Buh and Narva interfluve, the last area where Ukrainians live compactly on the territory of Poland.

The Presence of Idioms, Dialects, and Formulaic Language Units in the Mugla Section of Evliya Celebi’s Seyahatname

Evliya Çelebi is the most important Turkish traveler of the 17th century. He traveled to many parts of the imperial geography of the period, and processed the material he collected in Turkish in his ten-volume Seyahatname. In the Seyahatname, Çelebi included the historical, literary, cultural, economic, artistic, social and political events of the places he visited and the general characteristics of these places. With these and similar features, Seyahatname is an interdisciplinary and even supradisciplinary work.Evliya divided each volume of his Seyahatname into places in different geographies. In the ninth of these ten volumes, Evliya Çelebi referred to Muğla. Author; It has visited the settlements of Muğla such as today’s Menteşe, Mekri (Fethiye), Bodurum (Bodrum), Milas, Marmaris.Evliya Çelebi’s work is one of the most important prose works of 17th century Turkish. Çelebi; despite the fact that he lived in the 17th century, the heaviest and most ornate period of classical Ottoman Turkish, and the heavy and viscous language in prose, he completed his work in the Muğla section of the Seyahatname by adhering to the general characteristics of the spoken language, not the characteristic features of the written language. For this reason, there are rich idioms, dialect features and formulaic language units in the vocabulary of the Muğla section of the Seyahatname.

On the Roles of Cultural and Artistic Features of Dialects in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language

On the Roles of Cultural and Artistic Features of Dialects in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language