Cultural Features Research Articles

Linguistic and cultural features of the concept of «Beauty» in russian, english and karakalpak languages

This article describes the ways of expressing the concept of "beauty" in Russian, English and Karakalpak paremiological units, describes the corresponding linguistic means and reveals their linguistic and cultural features. The definition of the concept as a linguistic and cultural concept is given and a conclusion is drawn based on examples of the implementation of the concept of "beauty" in Russian, English and Karakalpak examples.

Digital economy and education in China: globalisation and cyber sovereignty

The article studies the socio-cultural specifics of digitalisation of public administration system, economy, and education of China. With the help of historical and philosophical, comparative, and hermeneutic methods alongside with the analysis of secondary sources and statistical information, the authors examine the socio- cultural features of Chinese strategy of digital breakthrough and the impact this strategy may have on the global world. The following problematic areas of digitalisation have been identified: transparency of public administration system that is relevant to the Zeitgeist and demanded by the population versus strict state control over various spheres of life; the global Internet versus cyber sovereignty; maintaining a balance between internationalisation and localisation of Chinese education. Several potential spheres of influence on the international community have been highlighted: world-class standardisation; demand for Chinese education (including education in the field of public administration) in the global market for educational services; development of artificial intelligence due to national peculiarities of China (a huge volume of domestic data, the possibility of mass implementation of developments, financial capabilities of the country). Special attention is given to the problem of cyber sovereignty. Within its framework, three main types of security that the Chinese information sphere concentrates on are analysed: computer, cognitive, information and psychological

Development of Students’ Economic Literacy during their Education

Setting the problem. Modern society needs economically educated and well-mannered community members. Currently, the teacher should able to work in conditions of uncertainty. He must be prepared for professional activity in constantly renewing and transforming educational environment. The success of a teacher in carrying out his professional activities cannot be ensured only by having developed professional competences. One needs knowledge and skills in other areas, e.g., managerial, economic, legal, digital. All this allows to carry out economic education of students while teaching them a specific academic discipline. The purpose of the article is to identify the theoretical foundations and to propose one of the approaches in developing the economic competence of a teacher during university training that allows to develop economic literacy among students. Methodology (materials and methods). The study of scientific works, regulatory documents in the field of education, a survey of teachers, students, parents, heads of educational organizations made it possible to identify and justify the need to develop the economic competence of a teacher in the framework of university training. It also helped to specify the content and features for the implementation of this competence development. The article shows various approaches to developing students’ economic and financial literacy that the teacher uses in his professional activities. Research results. The article examines the prerequisites and identifies the features of the economic culture and literacy on the level of society and a person. Solving this problem can allow the new generation of Russians to develop the ability to quickly respond to changes in the world, to form a holistic understanding in the system of economic relations, and functioning mechanisms of socio-economic institutions. The article reveals the essence and the structure of economic competence and literacy of a teacher, that will allow him to form students’ economic literacy in the course of his professional activities, when teaching a specific academic discipline. Conclusions. The study has proved the need to develop economic literacy among students in the process of teaching a specific subject at school as it will help successful socialization in modern society.

THE SOMATIC CULTURAL CODES IN THE STUDY OF ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND UZBEK PHRASEOLOGISMS

This article is devoted to the study of somatic phraseological units, which allows us to identify their main factors in the Uzbek, Russian and English languages. Linguists and researchers have studied the cultural codes in phraseology and highlighted their various classifications. The issue of categorizing phraseology into cultural codes plays an important role in revealing the national landscape of the world. FBs belonging to one of the cultural codes can also be related to other cultural codes, thus revealing the integrity and hierarchy, i.e., gradation, inherent in the semiotic system of language. This research paper focuses on the issues related to somatic phraseology in Uzbek, English and other cultural codes in Russian, identifying their equivalents and providing appropriate translation. The purpose of this paper is to study somatic units and identify their similarities and differences in Uzbek, Russian and English. A distinctive feature of somatic phraseology is the presence of many similarities in the figurative orientation of collocations in the languages. This feature sharply distinguishes SPhU from other thematic groups. The use of names of body parts in PhU is explained by the fact that when naming a new object, a person, first of all, relies on the association with what he knows and is familiar with. First of all, a person compares himself/herself with himself/herself, and his/her body parts with the things that surround him/her. Studying and comparing PhUs of two or more languages helps to reveal specific features of culture and mentality of different peoples. Sometimes it is possible to identify differences in the thinking of speakers of a particular language. Our study also revealed historical parallels characteristic of the languages being compared.

Governance Capture in a Self-Governing Community: A Qualitative Comparison of the Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, and Serbo-Croatian Wikipedias

What types of governance arrangements make some self-governed online groups more vulnerable to disinformation campaigns? We present a qualitative comparative analysis of the Croatian and Serbian Wikipedia editions to answer this question. We do so because between at least 2011 and 2020, the Croatian language version of Wikipedia was taken over by a small group of administrators who introduced far-right bias and outright disinformation. Dissenting editorial voices were reverted, banned, and blocked. Although Serbian, Bosnian, and Serbo-Croatian Wikipedias share many linguistic and cultural features, and faced similar threats, they seem to have largely avoided this fate. Based on a grounded theory analysis of interviews with members of these communities and others in cross-functional platform-level roles, we propose that the convergence of three features---high perceived value as a target, limited early bureaucratic openness, and a preference for personalistic, informal forms of organization over formal ones---produced a window of opportunity for governance capture on Croatian Wikipedia. Our findings illustrate that online community governing infrastructures can play a crucial role in systematic disinformation campaigns and other influence operations.

How would you describe a mentally healthy college student based on Chinese culture? A qualitative research from the perspective of college students

BackgroundPromoting college students’ mental health remains a significant concern, necessitating a clear understanding of what constitutes good mental health. Variations in the conceptualizations of mental health across cultures, typically derived from academic and authoritative perspectives, have overlooked insights from laypeople. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of mentally healthy college students within Chinese cultural contexts, emphasizing perspectives provided by college students themselves.MethodsUndergraduates with self-reported mental health scores ≥ 7 were randomly selected for in-depth interviews. The sample (N = 17, 59% female) had a mean age of 20.82 ± 1.33 years and represented diverse regions, backgrounds, and academic fields. Thematic analysis was used in the analysis of the qualitative data, involving initial coding to identify 168 manifestations of mental health among college students, followed by categorizing them into 18 characteristics through focused coding. These characteristics were then organized into five themes via core coding. The Delphi method was utilized to validate the themes with 3 experts, ensuring the trustworthiness of the final findings.ResultsEighteen characteristics of mentally healthy college students emerged from the interviews, categorized into 5 themes: (1)Value Pursuit (i.e. Having a sense of responsibility and mission and being willing to dedicate oneself to the country at any time.); (2)Life Attitude (i.e. Staying positive and having the ability and quality to cope with hardships.); (3)Interpersonal Ideals (i.e., Showing filial respect to parents appropriately.); (4)Behavior Ability(i.e., Studying diligently and learning well.); and (5)Self-cultivation (i.e., Possessing good qualities advocated by Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism coexist harmoniously.). Most of these characteristics directly reflect traditional Chinese culture or culture that has changed with the times. At the same time, some are a reflection of modern Chinese new culture.ConclusionsOn the whole, the characteristics of mentally healthy college students are diverse and with rich connotations, focusing on the individual’s relationship with the country, family, and others, and are good expressions of Chinese cultural features, such as the balance of Yin and Yang, the coexistence of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism, and highlight moral attributes. In essence, these traits hold profound importance in advancing the mental health of Chinese college students.

The Characteristics of the Political Culture of Modern Vietnam

The article examines the complex of historical and cultural conditions which have determined the current state of Vietnam's political culture. The author uses Talcott Parsons' definition of “political culture” and analyzes its main elements in relation to Vietnam. The article presents key aspects of the formation of the political culture of Vietnam, features of the political culture of modern Vietnam, as well as views on the legitimacy of the rule of the Communist Party of Vietnam. Factors contributing to the preservation of the authoritarian political system were identified, the prospects for possible democratic transition were assessed.

Significant Aspects of Teaching Legal Negotiations to Law Students in Russia

The paper deals with the overview, prioritization and analysis of the elements that are inalienable in legal negotiations and teaching modules of the course on negotiations. An experienced legal negotiating coach keeps in mind a number of vital elements of the course, such as personal ch aracteristics of learners, stylistic patterns and cultural features. The data collected in the research supports the fact that cultural shifts reflected in the statements of negotiators have a direct impact on the negotiation result and often lead to misunderstandings and inability to reach an agreement. For instance, Russian businessmen often unconsciously apply inflexible aggressive integrated strategy of negotiations. Thus, the negotiation course module devoted to cultural awareness and appropriate negotiating strategies development should contain, inter alia, information connected with authentic reactions of negotiators belonging to a particular ethnic group, and this information should be scrutinized and deeply considered. Consequently, it will be useful to apply the priming teaching technique through the comparison and analysis of students’ responsive statements with native speakers’ responsive statements in one and the same simulation which will facilitate mastering successful negotiation skills leading to a package deal beneficial for all parties.

Factors associated with adherence to the principles of responsible companion animal guardianship in a municipality in southeastern Brazil

Responsible companion animal guardianship (RCAG) covers aspects that are relevant to both animal and human health. Understanding the factors associated with adherence to RCAG principles can guide accountability, animal welfare and disease control. The present observational study describes the level of adherence to RCAG by guardians living in a medium-sized Brazilian municipality and identifies the factors associated with inadequate guardianship. Questionnaires were administered to randomly selected guardians of 704 dogs. The binary outcome of the study, namely more and less adequate compliers to RCAG principles, was analyzed using a score list comprising eight variables relating to the care provided to the dogs, namely provision of veterinary services, vaccination against rabies, deworming, no access to the streets without supervision, walking with guardian, dog freedom at home, registration (microchipping) and satisfactory food supply. Factors possibly associated with less adequate adherence to RCAG by the guardian, such as socioeconomic and cultural features of the guardians, characteristics of the dogs and attributes of the guardian-animal interactions, were analyzed using multiple logistic regression models. The RCAG actions least adopted by guardians were animal registration, provision of veterinary care, walking with the dog and preventing access of the dogs to the streets without supervision. Individuals who cared for a single dog, a mixed breed dog or had previously lost a dog were less likely to show adequate adherence to RCAG. Conversely, guardians who owned cars, acquired dogs as puppies, lived in households with a maximum of four residents, cared for a sterilized dog or thought that caring for a dog was easier than (or as) expected, had a higher chance of showing adequate adherence to RCAG. The results verify that the socioeconomic and behavioral characteristic of guardians must be taken into consideration for understanding the adherence to RCAG. In addition, it is important to facilitate access to veterinary services and to raise awareness about the significance of a safe and healthy environment for companion animals.

Organizational Ethos: Empact on Work Performance of Employees

The objective of this study is to explore how organizational ethos affects employees' work performance. This study is based on meta-analysis research design and the literature review. Organizational principles, practices, and distinctive features of culture all contribute to the dimension of corporate culture. The foundational element of an organization's ethos is its value system. The corporate ethos fosters professionalism among the employees. Workplace performance was found to be positively impacted by four organizational ethos sub-elements: managing change, attaining goals, coordinating teamwork, and cultural strength. Organizational ethos has a significant impact on the operations, personnel, and productivity of a wide range of services. This study demonstrates that if employees are dedicated and has the same values as their organizations; their performance in attaining organizational objectives will be achieved. To enhance the overall performance of the workforce and the services, managers and executives are encouraged to foster a strong organizational ethos. The study's findings show that organizational ethos has a major impact on employee motivation, develops personal growth, influences communication, and enhances organizational values, group decision-making, and conflict resolution.

Эволюция роли библиотеки в контексте сохранения национальных языков

<p>The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of the library institution in the preservation, dissemination and development of national languages. The author attempted a retrospective, comparative, axiological analysis of changes in the image of the library in accordance with the cultural characteristics of different eras. The main attention was aimed at identifying the linguistic and cultural features of library texts. It has been revealed and substantiated that in the ancient East the library served as a sacralized archive of texts mainly in the ancient Sumerian and Assyrian languages. Linguistic texts of ancient Eastern libraries connected sacred meanings and everyday life. In antiquity, lively dialogue and the dialectical development of thought came to the fore, so the library became a place for debate. The libraries of Alexandria, Pergamon, and private collections contained scrolls in different languages, but many of them were professionally translated into Greek. In medieval culture, the library became a library of one book, the Bible, which was copied in Greek and Latin. In the late Middle Ages, books in vernacular languages appeared in libraries, which contributed to the development of the latter. In modern times, the library becomes a way of education and mass dissemination of national literary languages. In the information age, the library acquires the global features of a «universal library»; the boundaries of the virtual and real space of the library are erased. A modern library acquires many functions: it provides information to users, is a place for holding various educational events, and educational games. In modern Russia, the library institution plays a huge role in preserving the languages of the small peoples of our country. Thus, libraries in all eras play an important role in the formation, preservation, dissemination and development of national languages.</p>

РАЗВИТИЕ КРЕАТИВНОГО ТУРИЗМА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ТАТАРСТАН С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ТУРИСТСКО-РЕКРЕАЦИОННОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА

Recently, the widespread digitalization of society and the development of the creative economy have led to changes in the structure and value of the goods and services provided. The basis of the creative economy is innovation. To create any new ideas, it is necessary to use a non-standard approach and solutions. The development of creative industries, in turn, has a beneficial effect on economic growth and raises the interaction between consumers and producers to a new level. Creative technologies in tourism are a relatively new direction, as they focus on unique and unusual forms of travel and entertainment. The article discusses the main forms and directions of creative tourism, and also focuses on cultural features that may also interest and attract tourists. The basis for the development of creative tourism on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan is the tourism and recreational potential, which makes it possible to organize completely new routes and fully reflect the rich culture of the republic. Also, the development of creative industries, combined with its potential, will have a beneficial effect on the development of local crafts and deeper mutual understanding and respect for culture and traditions. The article analyzes the tourism and recreational potential using the scoring method of Yu.A. Khudenkikh and assesses the degree of his influence on the development of creative tourism in the Republic of Tatarstan. An analysis is given of existing events that can have an impact and attract new tourists to the territory of the republic.

Tang Chang’an poetry automatic classification: a practical application of deep learning methods

Abstract As the capital of Tang Dynasty, Chang’an was one of the most prosperous cities in the world at that time and had a profound influence on Tang poetry. Poets described Chang’an to illustrate the cultural features of the Tang Dynasty while also invoking emotions in readers. The study of Tang Chang’an poetry has important literary and historical value. In order to understand the interpretation and emotional expression of Tang Chang’an poetry more conveniently and clearly, we conducted a study using deep learning to classify Chang’an poetry into four classes: imperially assigned poetry (应制), emotional poetry (感怀), parting poetry (离别), and other poetry (其他). We suggested a comprehensive framework of text classification based on deep learning, including a text input module, feature encoder module, and classification module. We applied several mainstream deep neural network structures to extract features in different ways, which comprised convolutional neural network (CNN), Fasttext, bi-direction long-short-term memory network, and Attention mechanism. Based on our experimental findings, the CNN-based method achieved the best performance for the task. Our inference was that, in Chinese ancient poetry, the analysis of semantic content is more facilitated by local textual features rather than contextual features. We combined this inference with the theory of image in Chinese ancient poetry to analyze the suitability of the deep learning techniques for the study of Chinese ancient poetry.

“It Takes Three Generations to Change and Strengthen the Religious Code”

Interview with Alsu Rashitovna Biktagirova, Candidate of Psychological Sciences, a practicing psychologist about the religious and cultural features of the work of a psychologist in Bashkiria. The article deals with the emergence of religious value codes, the formation of a cultural script in three generations, the peculiarities of client practice in the Muslim environment, as well as in a multicultural republic.

The Liberal Voice of Taiwan in Contemporary Confucian Political Philosophy

Abstract This essay serves as a rejoinder to the four commentaries on my work concerning Confucian liberalism. I appreciate this opportunity to elucidate the primary objective of the book, which is to formulate a normatively appealing version of Confucian liberalism through a fresh interpretation of Mou Zongsan’s legacy from a comparative perspective. In addition to clarifying the methodological considerations and addressing certain key topics that remained unclear or unexplored in the book, I aim to illuminate the features of Taiwan's constitutional democracy and civic culture from the standpoint of Confucian liberalism.

Revolutionizing Depth Sensing: A Review Study of Apple LiDAR Sensor for as-built Scanning Applications

Incorporating the LiDAR sensor in the most recent Apple devices represents a substantial development in 3D mapping technology. Meanwhile, Apple's Lidar is still a new sensor. Therefore, this article reviews the potential uses of the Apple Lidar sensor in various fields, including engineering and construction, focusing on indoor and outdoor as-built 3D mapping and cultural heritage conservation. The affordable cost and shorter observation times compared to traditional surveying and other remote sensing techniques make the Apple Lidar an attractive choice among scholars and professionals. This article highlights the need for continued research on the Apple LiDAR sensor technology while discussing its specifications and limitations. A comprehensive review found that the Apple LiDAR sensor has shown promise in capturing 3D point clouds of small to medium-sized objects with exceptional detail. This technology offers a cost-effective and accessible option to scan areas faster and analyze data more quickly and automatically for 3D mapping and modelling in indoor and outdoor environments, particularly in areas with restricted access when using other traditional techniques. It also opens the door for more sophisticated applications in future studies, including cultural heritage conservation, archaeological investigations and feature detection, building health monitoring and many more.

Representation and stereotyping of the female image in modern mass media (based on glossy magazines)

In the 21st century, the need for the development of the glossy sector is increasing every day. The main object of the study is the image of female beauty in modern glossy magazines; the subject of the study is the formation of a stereotypical idea of beauty in modern mass media. The purpose of this article is to analyze the linguistic and visual representation of women in modern mass media (based on glossy magazines), as well as the features of the linguistic (linguistic and visual) construction of the image of a woman in modern discursive linguistics. In addition, when conducting this research, not only general scientific methods are used, such as comparison, description, classification, systematization, interpretation, analysis, classification, but also special linguistic methods for analyzing lexical-semantic groups: contextual and stylistic analysis of semantics, the method of psycholinguistic modeling, method of complex analysis. The scientific novelty of the study is due to the subject of the study and the lack of modern comparative studies in the field of the specific representation of the image of beauty in the media (in glossy magazines) for young women. During the study, the features of modern visual culture and mass media products were studied, the standards of beauty and the female image being a sociocultural phenomenon were described, the methods of applying various methodologies to the visual content of glossy magazines and digital analogues were analyzed, axiological pictures of the world in different cultures and social gender stereotypes were partially described, reflected in language, the representation and stereotyping of the beauty of the female image in modern mass media (based on glossy magazines) is analyzed and ways of stereotyping beauty in glossy magazines are identified, including the features of visual design and promotion of content personalization (recommendation technologies) in the modern glossy segment.

Engineering culture under stress: A comparative case study of undergraduate mechanical engineering student experiences

AbstractBackgroundEngineering culture research to date has described the culture as rigid, chilly, and posing many barriers to entry. However, the COVID‐19 pandemic provided an important opportunity to explore how engineering culture responds to a major disruption.PurposeThe purposes of this study are to understand how elements of engineering culture emerged in mechanical engineering students' perceptions of their classroom experiences during the pandemic and how their experiences varied across two national contexts.MethodThis qualitative comparative case study examines undergraduate mechanical engineering students' perceptions of their experiences taking courses during the pandemic at two universities—one in the United States and one in South Africa. Semistructured interviews were conducted across both sites with 21 students and contextualized with 3 faculty member interviews. Student interviews were analyzed using an iterative process of deductive coding, inductive coding, and pattern coding.ResultsWe identified two key themes that characterized participants' experiences during the pandemic: hardness and access to resources. We found that students at both sites experienced two types of hardness—intrinsic and constructed—and were more critical of constructed forms of hardness. We found that the South African university's response to facilitating student access to resources was viewed by students as more effective when compared with the US university.ConclusionsWe found that hardness remained a central feature of engineering culture, based on student perceptions, and found that students expressed awareness of resource‐related differences. A key distinction emerged between intrinsic and constructed hardness.

Analyzing architectural and cultural elements of Masjid Jamek Sultan Ibrahim, Muar, Johor

The Sultan Ibrahim Mosque serves as the Muar neighborhood’s ‘Jewel’ is situated conterminous to the Sultan of Johor’s Palace located by the Muar River. Despite Masjid Jamek Sultan Ibrahim’s being a heritage structure in Muar with the influence of Victorian architecture combines with local influence, there is a lack of in-depth analysis of the traditional Javanese cultural elements with tangible and intangible material culture resulted in the knowledge that contributes to the mosque’s character and its function in the community. The objective is to analyze and identify the cultural fundamental features of the mosque that exhibit Javanese influences and to explore the mosque’s role in fostering interfaith discussion and community outreach, as well as how it affects the social and cultural fabric of the community. A theoretical framework based on cultural studies and heritage studies, that include cultural construction, cultural transmission, and heritage management. To focus on the study to identify the possible advantages of preserving and promoting the cultural components of this mosque, such as fostering religious dialogue, improving cultural tourism, and enhancing the feeling of cultural identity in the community. Methods for this research include thematic analysis and anthology on the case study site to gain and gather more information. The findings of this study will provide Javanese traditional cultural elements of this mosque valuable perceptivity. This study can increase the sense of cultural identity in the community and foster greater social cohesiveness

Renaissance as an Aesthetic Mechanism: the Renaissance and the Russian Silver Age

The object of this study is the phenomenon of renaissance in culture, the subject area is the causes and mechanism of the deployment of Renaissance processes. The problems we are starting from are the blurring of the term "renaissance" in humanitarian studies and the lack of its conceptualization from the point of view of aesthetic sensuality. One of the well – established perspectives of the Renaissance phenomenon is its generalization as a universal phenomenon. Understanding the "renaissance" as a recurring event and a feature of culture raises the question of the foundations and characteristics of the "Renaissance". The article identifies such signs from the standpoint of philosophical aesthetics, referring to the changes in the spatial-temporal concepts of the European Renaissance and the Russian Silver Age, as well as the productive consequences of this recoding. The originality of the author's approach lies in the fact that the approach to the topic is carried out through the study of historical transformations of sensuality and sensitivity, which have not yet received a detailed understanding of aesthetics. To describe cultural revivals as aesthetic processes, the concept of the "aesthetic mechanism" of the Renaissance is proposed, based on the idea of changing chronotopes. The main conclusions are that the re-symbolization of space and time, defined by I. Kant as a priori forms of sensuality, causes a change in the phenomena organized by them, and the result of changing the worldview and the existential position of the subject is the intensification of culture, which constitutes the Renaissance.