Fast Transform Research Articles

Interconnected hierarchical nickel-carbon hybrids assembled by porous nanosheets for Cr(VI) reduction with formic acid

Magnetic carbon materials promise distinct advantages in the decontamination of heavy metal ions. In this work, a novel interconnected hierarchical nickel-carbon (Ni@IHC) hybrid was synthesized by combining the solvothermal method with a one-step pyrolysis under argon atmosphere. Benefitting from 3D flower-like morphology, interconnected porous nanosheets, large surface area, and abundant Ni nanoparticles, Ni@IHC hybrids can remove Cr(VI) within 25 min by using formic acid (FA) as a reductant at 25 ℃. Furthermore, the experimental parameters that can affect the material catalytic performance such as initial Cr(VI) concentration, catalyst dosage, FA concentration, and temperature were also investigated in detail. It was found that highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles contributed significantly to the reduction process. More importantly, the embedded Ni nanoparticles favor fast separation by a magnet and were helpful for the recycles use. This Ni@IHC hybrid was obtained by a facile and easy scale-up method, resulting in the fast transformation of Cr(VI) into Cr(III).

Computational Investigations on the Four-Stage MA-Class Fast Linear Transformer Driver With Sharing Cavity Shell

The four-stage fast linear transformer driver (FLTD) with sharing cavity shell, gas insulation, and pluggable main bricks is the fundamental building block of the next-generation China Z-pinch driver CZ34. This contribution presents the self-consistent electromagnetic (EM) field distributions of the four-stage FLTD using the field-circuit coupled time-domain finite integration technique. Principles and methods on establishing the 3-D EM numerical model are discussed. The first analysis on equivalent inductances of the 92 main discharging bricks in the induction cavity and bricks’ EM characteristics is implemented. Simulated and experimental results demonstrate good consistency in the electrical performance of the four-stage FLTD with sharing cavity shell. Comparisons between the sharing cavity shell and independent cavity shell structures are performed in terms of load current and voltage and EM field distributions. Thus, applicability of the newly developed sharing cavity configuration is confirmed. The EM-interference (EMI) inside the induction cavity of the two kinds of FLTDs is also expounded and compared for the first time. This article offers a novel viewpoint on the related problems and supports the subsequent research activity and efforts to improve the performance of FLTD and Z-pinch machine.

Exploring the Antecedents of Fast Digital Transformation Of Museums in the Context of Covid-19 Pandemic

Exploring the Antecedents of Fast Digital Transformation Of Museums in the Context of Covid-19 Pandemic

IBikeSafe: A Multi-Parameter System for Monitoring, Evaluation and Visualization of Cycling Paths in Smart Cities Targeted at Cycling Adverse Conditions

The fast transformation of the urban centers, pushed by the impacts of climatic changes and the dramatic events of the COVID-19 Pandemic, will profoundly influence our daily mobility. This resulted scenario is expected to favor adopting cleaner and flexible modal solutions centered on bicycles and scooters, especially as last-mile options. However, as the use of bicycles has rapidly increased, cyclists have been subject to adverse conditions that may affect their health and safety when cycling in urban areas. Therefore, whereas cities should implement mechanisms to monitor and evaluate adverse conditions in cycling paths, cyclists should have some effective mechanism to visualize the indirect quality of cycling paths, eventually supporting choosing more appropriate routes. Therefore, this article proposes a comprehensive multi-parameter system based on multiple independent subsystems, covering all phases of data collecting, formatting, transmission, and processing related to the monitoring, evaluating, and visualizing the quality of cycling paths in the perspective of adverse conditions that affect cyclist. The formal interactions of all modules are carefully described, as well as implementation and deployment details. Additionally, a case study is considered for a large city in Brazil, demonstrating how the proposed system can be adopted in a real scenario.

Entomo-Industry of Hermetia Illucens

Innovation in production use of insects allows us to speak about entomo-industry, which could cause in the future a drop in the relative cost of food. On the basis of biotechnology by using the fly Hermetia illucens the article draws theoretical and applied economic conclusions. Larvae of this fly by eating organic wastes during a few days can grow in hundred times and become a feed for animals, a basis for medicine or even a nutritious supplement, while their waste can become a fertilizer (zoo-humus). From means of labour they turn into the subject of labour with selfreproduction and solution to ecological problem, which can create the added value. In traditional livestock breeding fast transformation does not take place and animal acts mainly as the subject or means of labour. Commercialization of the technology can be achieved through development of module equipment for each of 9 processes and this can make it possible to purchase it stage by stage, depending on the need and resources. Due to this fact competitive advantage for technological entrepreneurship can be provided that can take one of the following three types: in the narrow sense (developing and selling equipment), in the broad sense (manufacturing the product with own equipment) and mixed one (manufacturing and selling of the equipment and finished product, joint work of the developer and user of the equipment). The author designed a synthetic graphic business-model of entomo-technological entrepreneurship. Logical schemes of waste treatment were put forward: centralized and decentralized. It was found out that for agricultural waste the decentralized scheme is more appropriate, as it implies treatment at the place of shaping and economizing on transportation. In Russia the process of commercialization of biotechnologies with the use of Hermetia illucens started in 2015, which is proven by patent activity. However, the market develops rather slowly.

A Regional Earth System Data Lab for Understanding Ecosystem Dynamics: An Example from Tropical South America

Tropical ecosystems experience particularly fast transformations largely as a consequence of land use and climate change. Consequences for ecosystem functioning and services are hard to predict and require analyzing multiple data sets simultaneously. Today, we are equipped with a wide range of spatio-temporal observation-based data streams that monitor the rapid transformations of tropical ecosystems in terms of state variables (e.g., biomass, leaf area, soil moisture) but also in terms of ecosystem processes (e.g., gross primary production, evapotranspiration, runoff). However, the underexplored joint potential of such data streams, combined with deficient access to data and processing, constrain our understanding of ecosystem functioning, despite the importance of tropical ecosystems in the regional-to-global carbon and water cycling. Our objectives are: 1. To facilitate access to regional “Analysis Ready Data Cubes” and enable efficient processing 2. To contribute to the understanding of ecosystem functioning and atmosphere-biosphere interactions. 3. To get a dynamic perspective of environmental conditions for biodiversity. To achieve our objectives, we developed a regional variant of an “Earth System Data Lab” (RegESDL) tailored to address the challenges of northern South America. The study region extensively covers natural ecosystems such as rainforest and savannas, and includes strong topographic gradients (0–6,500 masl). Currently, environmental threats such as deforestation and ecosystem degradation continue to increase. In this contribution, we show the value of the approach for characterizing ecosystem functioning through the efficient implementation of time series and dimensionality reduction analysis at pixel level. Specifically, we present an analysis of seasonality as it is manifested in multiple indicators of ecosystem primary production. We demonstrate that the RegESDL has the ability to underscore contrasting patterns of ecosystem seasonality and therefore has the potential to contribute to the characterization of ecosystem function. These results illustrate the potential of the RegESDL to explore complex land-surface processes and the need for further exploration. The paper concludes with some suggestions for developing future big-data infrastructures and its applications in the tropics.

A hybrid algorithm for reducing PAPR of CO-OFDM system based on fast Hadamard transformation cascading SLM

A hybrid algorithm for reducing PAPR of CO-OFDM system based on fast Hadamard transformation cascading SLM

137Cs ocean distribution and fate at East Mediterranean Sea in case of a nuclear accident in Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant

A 3-D hydrodynamic model, coupled with a Lagrangian drift model, was applied to simulate the dispersion of derived 137Cs activity concentration in case of a nuclear accident in Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) located at the East Mediterranean Sea. The simulated near surface circulation presented a good skill in reproducing observed patterns from satellite altimetry data and existing literature. The dispersion pattern of dissolved 137Cs was investigated on an annual and seasonal basis. In all seasons the dominant pathway of released 137Cs had a westward direction, following the prevailing currents. The different dispersal patterns are mainly related to the intensity of the Asia Minor Current and the local circulation in the vicinity of the Akkuyu NPP. 137Cs was transported during the first month to the neighboring coasts of the NPP, while after the fourth month the distribution of the plume was extended in areas of the Eastern Aegean Sea (including East Crete and Rhodes Islands), as well as at the Antalya coastline. After the 3rd month, the plume reaches areas in the Eastern Aegean Sea (including the Crete Island and Cyclades plateau) while after the 6th month it is spread gradually to the Ionian Sea and Levantine basin. At the end of the annual simulation, the plume appears significantly diluted, with relatively high concentrations found still in Dodecanese Islands and along the Aegean Turkish coast. The 137Cs activity concentration starts to decline after the 9th month in most of the studied areas at the East Mediterranean Sea. The particulate 137Cs was diminished within a month from the accident, due to sinking and its fast transformation to dissolved, showing a similar westward dispersion pattern.

Dynamics and energy coupling of gas puff Z-pinches on a fast linear transformer driver

Gas puff Z-pinch experiments with annular Ar and Ne gas shells have been conducted on the Compact Experimental System for Z-pinch and Ablation Research (CESZAR) linear transformer driver (LTD) with 500 kA current and 160 ns rise time. Here, we present results from the first systematic gas puff Z-pinch experiments using a fast (≤200 ns) LTD as a driver, in which we show that 7% of the stored energy in the capacitors is coupled to plasma kinetic energy as estimated via self-emission and laser schlieren images. 0D and 1D simulations—which do not allow instability growth and thus reach greater maximum average velocities—using initial conditions inferred from experimental implosion trajectories predict coupling in excess of 10% of the stored energy. The Ar and Ne implosions were comparably massed and thus achieved similar maximum kinetic energies, though the Ne pinches were more stable and the x-ray pulses were longer and produced higher yield: 2–5 ns and 0.21–0.52 J (0.15–0.37 J/cm) of Ar K-shell and 12–25 ns and 2.2–3.9 J (1.6–2.6 J/cm) of Ne K-shell, respectively. The difference in stability is most likely attributed to variations in initial conditions such as density distribution and gas breakdown initiation.

Influence of Transition Metals (Cu and Co) on the Carbon-Coated Nickel Sulfide Used as Positive Electrode Material in Hybrid Supercapacitor Device

Herein, a facile, environment-friendly and cost-effective approach was followed for the preparation of metal sulfide-based supercapacitor electrodes. The effect of transition metal interrogation on the morphology and electrochemical performance of carbon-coated nickel sulfide composite electrode was investigated. Physicochemical characterization showed that the enhancement in electrical conductivity and electrochemical reaction sites with the introduction of copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) was due to the variation in morphology. Fast ionic transformation and improvement in the number of redox active sites might improve the supercapacitor performance. The electrochemical experiment showed that the NCoSC electrode exhibited the highest capacitance value of ~760 F g−1 at 2 A g−1 current density as compared to the NCuSC and NSC electrodes. Therefore, a hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) device was fabricated by using NCoSC as the positive electrode and thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRGO) as the negative electrode. The fabricated device demonstrated maximum energy density of ~38.8 Wh Kg−1 and power density of 9.8 kW Kg−1. The HSC device also showed ~89.5% retention in specific capacitance after 10,000 charge–discharge cycles at 12 A g−1 current density. So, the tuning of electronic and physical properties by the introduction of Cu and Co on nickel sulfide improved the supercapacitor performance.

A new FWHT‐CMF‐DFE based approach for channel equalization in CP‐free OFDM systems

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been widely used in wireless communication systems due to its robustness against the frequency selectivity of fading channels. It provides optimal performance and it also meets the requirements of the next generation communication systems. Although OFDM has these advantages, its spectrum efficiency is usually degraded significantly due to the use of cyclic prefix (CP). In this paper, motivated to deal with this issue, the combined structure of Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (FWHT) and Time Domain Equalizer (TDE) is proposed to use in CP-free OFDM systems. The results validated by Monte Carlo simulations decipher the improved performances in terms of spectral efficiencies, bit error rate, peak to average power ratio and out of band emission for using this structure over frequency selective multipath fading channels in CP-free OFDM systems. The acquired simulation results have illustrated that the proposed method provides 20% spectral efficiency without compromising the BER performance.

A Fast Correction Algorithm for Inverse Longitude and Latitude Mapping of Fish Eye Image

In order to solve the problem of large barrel distortion in fisheye lens, an image distortion correction algorithm based on double longitude is proposed to improve the visual effect. Firstly, in the case of unknown lens angle and non-circular fisheye image, the spherical center and its radius are obtained by using fisheye image features, and the radius is optimized to reduce pole distortion; on this basis, the fisheye image is mapped to the spherical surface by orthogonal projection strategy using double longitude model method, which is transformed into the transverse longitude and longitudinal longitude coordinates of the sphere The projection is a square plane image based on the horizontal and vertical double longitude coordinates to realize the fast and accurate image transformation.

The variability of sea surface temperature in the Patagonian Shelf Argentina, from 35 years of satellite information

ABSTRACT The aim of the present work is to analyse the variations of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Anomaly of Sea Surface Temperature (ASST) using more than thirty years of satellite data. We studied if these variations have possible ocean-atmosphere connections with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), and the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) in a crucial region for fisheries off the Patagonian Shelf. For the analysis, we used SST data collected from 1985 to 2019 with Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments. The two databases were merged to obtain 35 years of continuous SST data. The study area was divided into three zones to present different oceanographic and bathymetric characteristics. These zones are located in the gulf, in the middle of the continental shelf, and at the shelf break. For each of the zones, the monthly SST climatology and the ASST series are shown. To define their periodicity, monthly ASST data were analysed spectrally by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Wavelet Transform. Cross-Wavelet Transform (XWT) was applied to analyse the co-variance of ASST with respect to climate indices. Our results show that the isotherm distribution seems to be separated by the 64º W meridian. To the east of 64º W, it follows an oblique direction from southwest to northeast; to the west of 64º W, a more complex behaviour of the SST field seems to be associated with the coastal dynamics. The ASST series shows that the values of negative anomalies are higher than those of the positive ones. Nevertheless, positive ASSTs are more extreme and persistent in time than the negative ones. The ASST wavelet diagrams denote a common and non-stationary periodicity in the three zones, with statistically significant power spectra in the intra-seasonal (9-month) and inter-annual (24-month and 4-year) time scales. There are clearly common features in the wavelet power of the time series related to ASST and climate forcing. The SAM exhibited the closest relationship with ASST in the three zones. The SAM and ASST indices denote significant power peaks in the 2-year and 4- to 6-year bands.

The Advantages and Disadvantages on Teaching and Learning English in Online Setting

This paper explores the pros and cons of using an online setting for teaching and learning English comparing with an in-class setting. The online setting is undergoing a fast transformation and becomes a widely promoted platform due to the COVID-19 pandemic. By reviewing different studies on online teaching, this paper aims to understand the online setting better. This information would be helpful to Vietnam, where the online class has a medium used and short history comparing with other developed and developing countries, so online classes in Vietnam may need adjustment and consideration based on different cultures and learner's experiences. This paper also gives some suggestions for online learning design for English languages to increase learning effectiveness.

Sustainable Partnership: Operational Condition Analysis for Brand Value Co-Creation

Enterprises are the origin of social innovation. Enterprises implement sustainable relations through “people-oriented” social value creation, particularly other economic developments in the post-2020 COVID-19 pandemic no longer show linear development but more diversity. On the one hand, enterprises must face the fast social transformation towards AI and superintelligence. On the other hand, enterprises must cope with green sustainable development, emphasizing corporate social responsibility in innovative research and development. An increasing number of enterprises respond to the service-oriented and green sustainability-based consumer market today by expanding and collaborating between the upstream and downstream relations in supply chains. Therefore, enterprises must construct a healthy and sustainable dynamic value chain through value co-creation. The study analyzes the types of the dynamic brand value chain and the operational conditions that provide enterprises with the direction in searching for and establishing a sustainable partnership. We employ literature review, case analysis, and in-depth interviews to determine the types and causes of the dynamic brand value chain, followed by integrating sustainable design to verify the sustainability in the dynamic brand value chain model. The study findings show that growth in quadrants of culture for the tandem brand value chain acts as the primary motivation to strengthen a sustainable relationship. Subsequently, the development in pursuit of brand value creation will intensify the sustainable relationships and activities of the brand, causing sustainable partnerships to be more intense. The primary motivation for the branch brand value chain lies in the growth in quadrants of culture; the more extensive the development system, the more diverse the participating niche brand, and the brand value innovation of pursuit climbs higher.

An Energy Internet for India: are we ready for a technology leapfrogging?

Abstract Globally, national electricity systems are amid aggressive transitions. The shift from large fossil-fuel based power systems to many small-scale distributed renewable energy systems is a favourable paradigm for a transition to the Energy Internet. Relying on wide spectrum of emerging technologies such as information & communication technologies, the Energy Internet facilitates real-time trade of power through bidirectional flows of electricity, communication, and money. Energy transitions in India are at a fast pace and further transformation to an Energy Internet is an achievable dream. Current structure of expedited energy transition is experienced in the form of transformation in business models of energy utility service companies and energy markets. The objective of this paper is to systematically assess the ongoing transitions, the challenges and the opportunities and examine whether India is ready to leapfrog into a new way of energy transactions which will gradually transform the present electricity system to an Energy Internet. Our findings elaborate a reality check on India’s current transition pathways and answer the question: can an Energy Internet become real in near future?

Field-Circuit Coupling and Electromagnetic–Thermal–Mechanical Coupling Analysis of the Single-Stage Fast Linear Transformer Driver Using Time-Domain Finite Integration Technique

The aim of this contribution is the first numerical investigation on the electromagnetic (EM), thermal, and mechanical coupled fields of a newly developed single-stage fast linear transformer driver (FLTD) with 24-separate columns in the China Z-pinch driver CZ34. Considering the mutual influences of the EM, thermal, and mechanical fields during a pulsed current discharging process of the FLTD, the proposed numerical model is calculated using the field-circuit coupled time-domain finite integration technique (TD-FIT). By making reference to Tonti's classification diagram, integral form state variables in the transient thermal field and mechanical field can be defined similar to those of the EM field. With appropriate time integration schemes, governing equations of different physical fields can be transformed to corresponding algebraic time-updating equations. The two-way interplays of the EM, thermal, and mechanical fields are performed with predefined coupling terms and time steps. The simulated results indicate that during one current discharging process, the temperature rise is less than 1 K and the maximum deformation generated by the Lorentz force is less than 0.1 mm.

PROFESSOR I. V. SMIRNOV (1911–1993) – ORGANIZER OF THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH WORK, FOUNDER OF THE THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF REPRODUCTIVE BIOTECHNOLOGY

The purpose of the article is to highlight the main milestones in the life and creative path of the famous scientist in the field of animal husbandry, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor I. V. Smirnov, his contribution to the formation of the sectorial experimental work and the spread of higher professional education. Research methods – general scientific (analysis, synthesis, classification), special historical (problem-chronological, comparative-historical, biographical), source studies. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the detailed study of the Terezyno period of I. V. Smirnov's activities, during which the new technological solutions were established and implemented contributing to the development of the theory and methodology of artificial insemination of farm animals. It is proved that on the basis of the Kiev Experimental Station of Animal Husbandry "Terezyno" the scientist implemented the concept of the development of higher professional education, based on the combination of the educational process with long-term industrial practice; laid the foundations for international cooperation in the field of reproduction biotechnology in animal husbandry. The main components of the I. V. Smirnov's creativity are highlighted, namely: methods of sperm long-term storage, technologies and techniques of artificial insemination, biology and physiology of reproduction of farm animals, etc. The researcher developed the theory of anabiosis, the theory of cold sperm shock, established the methods for mammalian sperm diluting and evaluating. He updated research on the use of blood groups for testing the lineage of animals and artificially regulating the sex of the offspring. It is shown that the method of mammalian sperm long-term storage formed the theoretical basis for the reorganization of domestic breeding on the basis of the widespread introduction of artificial insemination, contributed to a fast transformation of the gene pool of farm animals due to the involvement of genetic resources of foreign breeding in the selection process. It has been proved that thanks to the I. V. Smirnov's creative initiatives, the foundations have been laid for the development of a new direction in the science of the reproduction of organic species – reproductive biotechnology of farm animals.

Nuclear pasta structures and symmetry energy

In the framework of the relativistic mean field model with Thomas-Fermi approximation, we study the structures of low density nuclear matter in a three-dimensional geometry with reflection symmetry. The numerical accuracy and efficiency are improved by expanding the mean fields according to fast cosine transformation and considering only one octant of the unit cell. The effect of finite cell size is treated carefully by searching for the optimum cell size. Typical pasta structures (droplet, rod, slab, tube, and bubble) arranged in various crystalline configurations are obtained for both fixed proton fractions and $\beta$-equilibration. It is found that the properties of droplets/bubbles are similar in body-centered cubic (BCC) and face-centered cubic (FCC) lattices, where the FCC lattice generally becomes more stable than BCC lattice as density increases. For the rod/tube phases, the honeycomb lattice is always more stable than the simple one. By introducing an $\omega$-$\rho$ cross coupling term, we further examine the pasta structures with a smaller slope of symmetry energy $L = 41.34$ MeV, which predicts larger onset densities for core-crust transition and non-spherical nuclei. Such a variation due to the reduction of $L$ is expected to have impacts on various properties in neutron stars, supernova dynamics, and binary neutron star mergers.

Development of a novel leg-wheel module with fast transformation and leaping capability

We report on the development of a novel two-degrees-of-freedom module capable of transforming its shape between a wheel and a leg, with the length of the latter approximately 3.4 times the wheel radius. The leg-wheel module was empirically built and experimentally evaluated. It utilizes a linkage mechanism and can perform a smooth yet rapid leg-wheel transition within 0.25 s. The design concept, selection of the linkage parameters, and kinematics are described in this paper. The rapid transition from a wheel to a leg endows the robot with wheel-to-leap behavior. The general motion planning strategy of the leg-wheel, as well as the wheel-to-leap behavior, are explained in the demonstration example. The results confirm that the module can perform wheel-to-leap behavior with a height of up to 4.6 times the wheel radius.