Factor In Acute Myocardial Infarction Research Articles

STUDY OF RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN FEMALES

Cardiovascular disease is the most important health issue facing mankind and continues to be major cause of morbidity and mortality.Women are disproportionately affected by coronary artery disease(CAD) compared with men.There are different clinical presentations of heart disease and acute myocardial infarction in women than in men.Also different studies shows that there is difference in the major cardiovascular risk factors amongst men and women at younger age.The present study was undertaken with a view to understand the clinical prole of acute myocardial infarction in women and observe the variations in acute myocardial infarction between men and women. Materials and methods-This observational and analytical study includes 118 female cases of acute myocardial infarction admitted to ICCU and randomly selected 118 male cases of acute myocardial infarction admitted to ICCU during the same tenure.Various necessary th investigations were carried out and risk factors of acute myocardial infarction were determined.All the cases were followed up on the 7 day of admission and one month after discharge from the hospital for various complications.Data thus collected was analysed at the end of study. Results-Maximum number of female cases were in age group 60-69 years(45.6%)while maximum number of male cases were in age group 50- 59 years(33.05%).Anterior wall myocardial infarction was the commonest type of acute myocardial infarction in both groups.ST elevation myocardial infarction was more common in males(94.9%)as compared to females(83.89%) whereas non ST elevation myocardial infarction was common in females(10%) as compared to males (5%).Atypical chest pain was more common in female cases(50.8%)whereas typical chest pain was more common with male cases(52.4%).Also dyspnoea as presenting symptom was signicantly more in female cases(51.6%)as compared to male cases(20.3%).Among the risk factors as Diabetes mellitus,signicant difference was observed in female(45.7%) vs male cases(30.5%).Other risk factors like lack of physical activity was signicantly more in female cases(84.7%) as compared to male cases(50%).Central obesity and family history of CAD were more common in female cases . 42(35.6%) female cases had arrthymias during hospital stay as compared to 50(42.4%) male cases.Post MI angina was present in 21 (20.38%) female cases and 12(11.11%) male cases during one month follow up.Mortality was more common in female cases(12.7%) compared with the male cases(8.47%)but it was not statistically signicant. Females suffer from coronary artery disease slightly at older age Conclusions- as compared to males.Atypical chest pain and dyspnoea are more common presenting symptoms in females compared to males.Diabetes mellitus,central obesity, lack of physical activity and family history of CAD are most common risk factors in female cases for acute myocardial infarction.ST elevation myocardial infarction is less common in females as compared to males.Complications like congestive cardiac failure ,arrthymias are more common in females as compared to males.The overall mortality with acute myocardial infarction are common in females than males.

Clinical Influencing Factors of Acute Myocardial Infarction Based on Improved Machine Learning.

At present, there is no method to predict or monitor patients with AMI, and there is no specific treatment method. In order to improve the analysis of clinical influencing factors of acute myocardial infarction, based on the machine learning algorithm, this paper uses the K-means algorithm to carry out multifactor analysis and constructs a hybrid model combined with the ART2 network. Moreover, this paper simulates and analyzes the model training process and builds a system structure model based on the KNN algorithm. After constructing the model system, this paper studies the clinical influencing factors of acute myocardial infarction and combines mathematical statistics and factor analysis to carry out statistical analysis of test results. The research results show that the system model constructed in this paper has a certain effect in the clinical analysis of acute myocardial infarction.

Prognostic value of free triiodothyronine and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide for patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a prospective cohort study

BackgroundAltered thyroid function and increased N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are prognostic factors in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The study aims to investigate whether free triiodothyronine (fT3) and NT-proBNP are prognostic factors for long-term outcomes in patients with AMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsThis was an observational, prospective, single-center study of consecutive patients enrolled at Fuwai Hospital between January, 2013 and December, 2013. The patients were divided into two groups according to fT3 levels: low fT3 (<2.5 pg/mL) and normal fT3 (2.50–4.09 pg/mL). The primary outcome of this study was the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).ResultsThere were 252 patients with low fT3 and 561 patients with normal fT3. After >2 years of follow-up, patients with low fT3 levels had higher rates of MACEs than those with normal fT3 (27.0% vs. 7.8%, P<0.001). Univariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses showed that NT-proBNP >802.7 pg/mL [hazard ratio (HR) =5.063, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.176–8.071, P<0.001] and fT3 <2.5 pg/mL (HR =3.867, 95% CI: 2.646–5.651, P<0.001) were the strongest predictors of MACEs. After adjustment for traditional risk predictors, fT3 <2.5 pg/mL (HR =2.570, 95% CI: 1.653–3.993, P<0.001) was one of the most important independent predictors of MACEs. Patients with NT-proBNP ≤802.7 pg/mL and fT3 ≥2.5 pg/mL had the best prognosis, while patients with NT-proBNP >802.7 pg/mL and fT3 <2.5 pg/mL had the worst outcomes (P<0.001).ConclusionsLow fT3 is a strong predictor of poor prognosis after AMI. The fT3+NT-proBNP combination might be a valuable predictor of the long-term outcomes of PCI after AMI.

Long-Term Survival and Risk Factors for Post-Infarction Ventricular Septal Rupture

This study was performed to assess long-term survival and identify risk factors for acute myocardial infarction in patients complicated with ventricular septal rupture (VSR). A retrospective analysis of 116 patients with post-infarction VSR (PI-VSR) hospitalised in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2008 to February 2019 was performed. The independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality were assessed using multivariate analysis with a logistic regression model. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were carried out for long-term survival in the surgery group. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 47.4%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age (p<0.05), female sex (p<0.05), no surgical repair (p<0.05), liver dysfunction (p<0.05), high heart rate (p<0.05), and low platelet count (PLT; p<0.05) were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality. The 1-year mortality rate was lower in the surgery group than in the medical treatment group (18.3% vs 84.5%; p<0.005). During the mean follow-up of 5.2±5.1 years (median, 1.3 years), the actuarial survival rates of these patients at 5 and 10 years were 72.3% and 43.2%, respectively. The overall in-hospital mortality rate remained high. The independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality associated with PI-VSR were age, female sex, no surgical repair, liver dysfunction, tachycardia, and low PLT level. The 1-year mortality and long-term outcomes of patients treated with surgery were significantly better than those of patients who were treated conservatively.

Extreme weather conditions as a gender-specific risk factor for acute myocardial infarction.

Acute coronary syndrome is a disease with high prevalence and high mortality. Exposure to heat or cold increases the risks of myocardial infarction significantly. Gender-specific effects of this have not yet been examined. Our goal was to determine whether extreme weather conditions, which become more and more frequent, are gender-specific risk factors for myocardial infarction, in order to help provide faster diagnosis and revascularization therapy for patients. We analysed the incidence of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in a large urban area over a 65-months period in a cohort study. A day was the unit of analysis. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) with Poisson regression models were calculated. All patients with STEMI on Saturdays and Sundays were included. Gender, high or low perceived temperatures (PT), a function of temperature, wind speed and humidity, and meteorological cold and heat warnings by the Austrian Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics (ZAMG) were considered as risk factors. During the 562days of the study period, a total of 1109 patients with STEMI (803; 72% men, mean age 61;14years) were included. The gender difference between men and women was much more pronounced on cold (0°C) days (85% of patients male; 1.8 per day) than on hot (20°C) days (71% male; 1.4 per day) or days without extreme temperatures (72% male; 1.4 per day). We found significant interaction between gender and cold days (IRR of the interaction term 2.3 (95% CI 1.2-4.6), p=0.02). No gender-specific effect was observed on warm days (IRR for interaction 0.9 (95% CI 0.6-1.3), p=0.3). Low perceived temperature pronouncedly increases the already elevated risk for STEMI in males. Whether this effect is based on gender alone, or on one of the cardiovascular risk factors which are more common in men, is up to further study.

Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Adults: Prevalence, Clinical Background and In-Hospital Outcomes with Particular Reference to Socio-Economic Influences a Middle Eastern Tertiary Center Experience

Background: Acute myocardial infarction in young individuals can cause death and disability in early life and has serious consequences for the patients, their family causing an increased economic burden on health system. Identifying the risk factors for acute myocardial infarction in this group of people is necessary for risk factor modification and developing cost-effective secondary prevention strategies as young. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, clinical background and in-hospital outcome of AMI among young (age ≤45 years) adults and its socioeconomic burden. Results: All Acute myocardial infarction patients during the period from 2016-2019 were divided into two groups: young adults (age≤45) and older adults (age&gt;45). Age data were available for 3081 patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction. Out of these 593 (19%) patients were young adults with mean age of 39±6.2 whilst 2488 (80.7%) were older adults with mean age of 60±9. Young adult Patients were more of male gender (92% vs 82%, p&lt;0.001) more smoker (47% vs 30 %, p&lt;0.001) and had more prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥30 34% vs 27%, p&lt;0.001) but were less diabetics (43% vs 57%, p&lt;0.001) and less hypertensive (35% vs 58 %, p&lt;0.001).Young adult patients had higher level of LDL (120±47 vs. 112.9±41.6, P=0.02), total cholesterol (189.2±54.4 vs. 173.9±47.7, P&lt;0.001) and triglycerides (157.7±104.4 vs. 126.6±91, P&lt;0.001).Young adult patients had more extensive thrombus and frequently required thrombus aspiration (16 % vs. 11%, p=0.003) but less common left main disease (0.9% vs 4%, p&lt;0.001) and 3 vessels disease (8% vs 18%, p&lt;0.001). Young adult patients had less deterioration of left ventricular function (EF 42.4±10.4 vs. 41.1±10.6, P=0.04). There was highly significant negative correlation between left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and age (P&lt;0.001) but positive correlation between age and length of in hospital stay (p=0.02).In-hospital complications including pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest and mortality were similar in the two groups. Age, female gender and diabetes were found to be the independent predictors for in-hospital mortality among our patients (P=0.003, 0.05 and 0.05 respectively)

Serum Progranulin As a Risk Predictor in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction.

BackgroundAlthough progranulin was recently proposed as an adipokine that may be involved in glucose metabolic and inflammatory diseases, the role of serum progranulin in cardiovascular disease is elusive and remains disputed. The aim of our research was to determine the concentration of serum progranulin in Chinese patients with cardiovascular disease, notably in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and its relationship to other cardiometabolic risk factors.Material/MethodsThis prospective observational study included 342 Chinese AMI patients and 255 healthy control subjects. Serum progranulin concentrations and various cardiometabolic risk factor levels were investigated. We assessed the relationship between progranulin and other cardiometabolic risk factors. Logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate risk factors in patients with AMI.ResultsProgranulin levels were obviously elevated in AMI patients compared to control subjects (P=0.0001). Correlation analysis showed that progranulin levels were positively associated with coronary artery disease severity (r=0.380, P=0.0001), glucose (r=0.195, P=0.015), and myeloperoxidase (r=0.198, P=0.014). In logistic regression analysis, serum progranulin (Exp(B)=1.104, 95% CI=1.043–1.168, P=0.001), myeloperoxidase (Exp(B)=1.006, 95% CI=1.003–1.008, P=0.0001), and uric acid (Exp(B)=1.020, 95% CI=1.009–1.032, P=0.0001) were independent risk factors in AMI patients.ConclusionsPatients with AMI had significantly higher serum progranulin concentrations than control subjects. This study suggests that serum progranulin is an independent risk predictor in Chinese patients with AMI.

PP538 Burden Of Disease For Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Combining Dyslipidemia In China

IntroductionPrevalence of dyslipidemia in Chinese adults is increasing rapidly. Dyslipidemia is one of the most important risk factors for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which represents a serious disease burden to the country. However, there is no published research on the costs of Chinese patients diagnosed with AMI combining dyslipidemia. This study aimed to report key findings of the disease burden in China, including direct medical costs and direct non-medical costs.MethodsSix hospitals from different geographic areas were selected in China for data collection. Patients who were hospitalized due to AMI combining dyslipidemia from January 1 2016 to December 31 2016 in the six sites were enrolled. Direct medical costs including inpatient and outpatient costs were extracted through electronic medical records; medical costs occurred in other healthcare institutions and direct non-medical costs were collected by a face-to-face questionnaire survey. Results were analyzed with descriptive statistics.ResultsData of 900 patients were analyzed. There were more males (78.40%) than females. The mean age was 62.1 (SD: 11.5). The times of inpatient and outpatient per year were 0.57 and 8.67, respectively. Medium direct medical costs and medium direct non-medical costs were 31,440 RMB (Interquartile range (IQR): 21,533–48,202) (4,443 USD: 3043–6812) and 665 RMB (IQR: 351–1328) (94 USD: 50–188), respectively; while corresponding medium indirect costs per year were 659 RMB (IQR: 226–1579) (93 USD: 32–223).ConclusionsThis is the first study comprehensively analyzing the disease burden of patients diagnosed with AMI combining dyslipidemia in China. The results suggested that the medical cost of this population is still high. Hospitalization cost accounted for 81 percent of the total cost, which was around 1.3 times of the annual per capita disposable income over the same period. Therefore, the importance of providing effective clinical management as well as dyslipidemia prevention and control intervention should be highlighted, especially for middle-aged and elderly males with dyslipidemia.

Elevated levels of cortisol in hair precede acute myocardial infarction

Long term stress exposure is typical for modern societies and might trigger different diseases. This case–control study reveals that persons who had suffered an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) had elevated cortisol concentrations in the month before the acute event. Middle-aged patients admitted to cardiology clinics with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (n = 174) were compared to 3156 controls from a population-based cohort in southeast Sweden. The median Hair Cortisol Concentrations (HCC) for those who had suffered an AMI was 53.2 pg/mg compared to 22.2 pg/mg for the control group (p < 0.001). In bivariate analysis, higher levels of HCC were strongly (OR = 5.69) and statistically significantly associated with current AMI status. The discrimination of cases with AMI from controls remained statistically significant (OR = 5.04) even after controlling for established cardiovascular risk factors in a multivariate analysis. Middle-aged persons with acute myocardial infarction had significantly elevated cortisol levels during the month before the cardiac event. This was evident for both men and women. The biomarker cortisol concentration was independently and statistically significantly related to AMI. Chronic stress seems to be a new promising risk factor for AMI.

Spiritual Well-Being and Its Association with Coronary Artery Disease.

Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality in the world, generating important socioeconomic and cultural impacts. Spirituality has been associated with the main risk factors for acute myocardial infarction, influencing lifestyle, and drug treatment compliance. Estimate the level of spiritual well-being and its association with coronary artery disease. We conducted a case-control study with 88 adults (42 cases and 46 controls) individually interviewed. Using a spiritual well-being scale and collecting socioeconomic and demographic information. We compared groups by Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. Friedman's analysis of variance was used to evaluate the differences between the values assigned to the scale items in each group. Statistically, there was no significant difference between categories and levels of spiritual well-being in any of the groups. Both had high rates, driven by the high level of religious well-being. There was no difference between the rates attributed to the items on the subscale of religious well-being, in the case or control groups (p = 0.959 and p = 0.817). However, the existential well-being subscale revealed variability between the scores attributed to each item in both groups (p < 0.001). The results revealed a high level of spiritual well-being in the analyzed sample. There was no correlation between the levels of spiritual, religious, and existential well-being with coronary artery disease, possibly due to the reduced ability of the religious well-being subscale to discriminate between groups.

Abstract 16420: Double Internal Thoracic Artery Grafts are Associated to Better 10-year Outcomes After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Introduction: Few data on long-term follow-up of effectiveness and advantages related to the employ of double internal thoracic artery grafts (BITA) for coronary artery bypass grafting are available and the advantage of the employ of BITA have been recently questioned. Hypothesis: This observational cohort study was designed by the PRIORITY planning committee to evaluate 10-year follow-up of isolated CABG performed with and without BITA in order to evaluate the impact of BITA on long-term outcomes. Methods: The PRIORITY project was designed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of 2 large prospective multicenter cohort studies on CABG conducted between 2002-2004 and 2007-2008. Data on isolated CABG were linked to 2 administrative datasets. The primary endpoints were death and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) at follow-up. Time-to-event data were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression. Models generation was performed on the full dataset and the validation was performed with Montecarlo simulations. Results: The population consisted of 11021 patients who underwent isolated CABG; double thoracic internal artery grafts was employed in 23.5%. The median follow-up time was 7.9 years (interquartile range 7.4 - 10 years). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, BITA was significantly associated with better survival (HR 0.81, 95%CI 0.73-0.89, p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the employment of BITA reduced the incidence of MACEs at follow-up (adjusted HR 0.83, 95%CI 0.77-0.89, p &lt; 0.001). In details, BITA was demonstrated to be a protective factor for acute myocardial infarction (adjusted HR 0.83, 95%CI 0.72-0.96, p = 0.001) and for rehospitalization for percutaneous cardiac intervention (PCI; adjusted HR 0.72, 95%CI 0.63-0.84, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: The employment of double internal thoracic artery grafts for coronary artery bypass grafting has been associated to significant survival advantage at long-term. Moreover, it is a protective factor for acute myocardial infarction and rehospitalization for percutaneous cardiac intervention, reducing the hazard by 28%.

Circadian pattern of symptom onset in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in western Iran.

BACKGROUNDCircadian variation is known as an important factor in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Moreover, the circadian pattern may help in disease prevention and better medication prescription. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the circadian pattern of symptom onset in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).METHODSThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 777 patients admitted to the Imam Ali Cardiovascular Center, Kermanshah, Iran, with a diagnosis of STEMI from March 2018 to February 2019. Data were collected using a checklist developed based on the study's objectives. Differences between subgroups were assessed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc testing and chi-square test (or Fisher’s exact test).RESULTSOut of the 777 patients, 616 (79.3%) were men. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of age of the patients was 60.93 ± 12.86 years. 380 patients (48.9%) were current smoker, 40.3% were hypertensive, 21.1% had hypercholesterolemia, 18.3% had diabetes mellitus (DM), 25.2% had history of angina, and about 15.0% had history of myocardial infarction (MI). The occurrence of STEMI was most common during hours between 06:01-12:00 (27.7%), followed by 12:01-18:00 (27.3%), 00:00-06:00 (24.3%), and 18:01-24:00 (20.7%), respectively. Gender was significantly associated with circadian pattern of STEMI. Women showed a double peak of symptom onset in 06:01-12:00 and 12:01-18:00.CONCLUSIONThe present study of Iranian patients displayed circadian pattern of STEMI with 2 peaks in the morning and afternoon, and the both peaks were dominated by women.

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Can double internal thoracic artery grafts affect 10-year outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting?

Abstract Background The advantages of the employment of double internal thoracic artery grafts (BITA) for coronary artery bypass grafting have been recently questioned and no data on long-term follow-up are available. This observational retrospective cohort study was designed by the PRIORITY planning committee to evaluate 10-year follow-up of isolated CABG performed with and without BITA in order to clarify and consolidate the contrasting literature. Methods The PRIORITY project was designed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of 2 large prospective multicenter cohort studies on CABG conducted between 2002–2004 and 2007–2008. Data on isolated CABG were linked to 2 administrative datasets. Time-to-event distributions were separately analyzed accordingly to primary event-type (death, MACEs), using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression. Results The population consisted of 11021 patients who underwent isolated CABG that were divided into development and validation datasets; double thoracic internal artery grafts was employed in 24.6%. The median follow-up time was 8 years (interquartile range 7.6–10 years) and was 100% complete. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, BITA was significantly associated with better survival (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.76–0.95, p=0.003). Moreover, the employment of BITA reduced the incidence of MACEs at follow-up (adjusted HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.80–0.94, p=0.001). In details, BITA was demonstrated to be a protective factor for acute myocardial infarction (adjusted HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71–0.99, p=0.05) and for rehospitalization for percutaneous cardiac intervention (PCI; adjusted HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.70–0.96, p=0.013). Conclusions The employment of double internal thoracic artery grafts for coronary artery bypass grafting has been associated to survival advantage at 10-year. Moreover, it significantly decreased the incidence of acute myocardial infarction and rehospitalization for percutaneous cardiac intervention. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Italian Minister of Health

Medicinal plants and bioactive natural compounds as inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase: A literature review.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most important causes for mortality worldwide. Elevated levels of total cholesterol, and particularly LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) are the main risk factor for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and ischemic heart disease. The risk of CVDs could be reduced by decreasing the elevated cholesterol levels. β-hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCoAR) is the primary and rate-limiting enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Recently, the crucial role of nutraceuticals in maintaining normal physiological function was established. Nutraceuticals play an important role in preventing several non-communicable diseases such as obesity, CVDs, cancer, diabetes, and reducing hyperlipidemia. Although the effect of nutraceuticals and herbal medicine on CVDs and dyslipidemia was previously investigated thoroughly, the effect of these natural products on HMGCoAR as one of the important enzymes involved in CVDs etiopathogenesis has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the major aim of this paper was to review the effects of nutraceuticals and medicinal plants on HMGCoAR. Results indicate that different types of natural foods, isolated nutrients, herbal products, and dietary supplements as nutraceuticals decrease the expression and activity of HMGCoAR. This review shows that medicinal plants and nutraceuticals could be used to decrease HMGCoAR activity as accessible and convenient and economical natural compounds to prevent dyslipidemia and CVDs.

Exploration of risk factors for acute myocardial infarction complicated with cerebral infarction.

Exploration of risk factors for acute myocardial infarction complicated with cerebral infarction.

Progress in the studies on the risk factors of acute myocardial infarction in patients under 35 years old.

The incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases in the world are increasing, and the age of onset is gradually getting younger. Extensive atherosclerotic lesions are rare in patients under 35 years old with acute myocardial infarction, and the atherosclerotic burden is low. The risk factors are unique. In addition to traditional risk factors such as smoking and dyslipidemia, new risk factors such as genetic polymorphisms related to blood coagulation, fibrinogen, homocysteine and uric acid, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of patients with early-onset acute myocardial infarction. Enhanced prevention can reduce the incidence of premature coronary heart disease, early detection and early treatment can improve the prognosis. .

Serum Magnesium in Acute Myocardial Infarction: Observation from Bangladeshi Patients

Dyslipidemia is an established risk factor of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but measurement of macro metals like magnesium can be helpful in the prevention and better management of AMI. The aim of this study was to estimate serum magnesium in AMI. This is a case control type of study carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka during the period of January 2015 to December 2015 with a total number of 100 study subjects. Acute myocardial infarction patients were selected as case (50) from coronary care unit (CCU), Department of Cardiology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Normal healthy individuals were selected as control (50) from the attendants of patients, relatives and doctors. Serum level of magnesium were assessed for both case and control groups. The mean values of the variable were compared between them by statistical analysis using SPSS version 16. For all the statistical analysis P&lt;0.05 was considered as significant. The mean values of serum magnesium were 1.63±0.27mg/dl in cases. The mean values of serum magnesium were 2.35±0.28 mg/dl in control group. Significant differences were found in mean values between case and control groups and differences were highly significant (p&lt;0.001). In AMI, serum magnesium level was found to be lower in this study. Serum magnesium is an important trace element that act as cofactor in many biochemical reactions. Decrease level of this important trace element may contribute to pathogenesis of AMI. So with other biochemical risk parameters, routine assessment of serum magnesium level is advocated, which might be helpful for prevention and better management of AMI. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jul 2019;14(2): 71-73

Prevalence of conventional risk factor in acute myocardial infarction among Jammu division population

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death worldwide with an estimated 7 million deaths per year. The majority of these deaths are due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI), so the burden of illness and mortality from AMI is immense worldwide. A region based study was designed and implemented in Government Medical College, Jammu. The outputs obtained have established that the various conventional risk factors like Sex, Age, Dietary pattern, Smoking, Alcohol consumption do have similar pattern in Jammu region as found in rest of the world. Males are more prone to AMI as compared to females.

Effect of miR-26a-5p targeting ADAM17 gene on apoptosis, inflammatory factors and oxidative stress response of myocardial cells in hypoxic model.

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of miR-26a-5p targeting and regulating ADAM17 gene on myocardial cells in hypoxic model. Myocardial cells from 1 day old Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated and cultured for 3 days, and were used for experiment. The hypoxia model of myocardial cells was established after cell grouping transfection. The targeting relationship between miR-26a-5p and ADAM17 was verified by bioinformatics website prediction and double luciferase report experiment. The double luciferase report experiment showed that miR-26a-5p had a targeted relationship with ADAM17, and miR-26a-5p could target and bind ADAM17, down-regulate its expression, and the transfection efficiency of each group was good (P < 0.05). After overexpression of miR-26a-5p, cell activity was increased (P < 0.05), apoptosis was decreased (P < 0.05), and the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly decreased (all P < 0.05). The release of creatine kinase-MB and the expression level of malondialdehyde were significantly decreased (both P < 0.05), and the expression level of superoxide dismutase was significantly increased (all P < 0.05). After overexpression of ADAM17, the results were reversed (all P < 0.05). MiR-26a-5p could target and regulate ADAM17, reduce the apoptosis of myocardial cells and the expression of inflammatory factors in acute myocardial infarction, and reduce the occurrence of oxidative stress.