Extralinguistic Factors Research Articles

Когнитивные основания коннотативной полисемии англоязычных художественных онимов

The study aims to identify the features of ethnocultural connotative polysemy formation for artistic names in the English language within the framework of the linguoculturological orientation of the cognitive approach. The paper examines connotative polysemy as a result of a multi-vector secondary interpretation of English-language artistic names determined by both linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The scientific novelty lies in investigating the phenomenon of connotative polysemy from cognitive positions as a result of derivational naming processes occurring due to perspectivization of various cognitive features. The phenomenon of ethnoconnotation is considered as an ontological property of linguistic units, a potency that can be realized by native speakers in the process of communication. It is the first time that the material of the English language has been used to identify the usual and potential polysemous artistic names with ethnoconnotation. As a result, it has been proved that perspectivization, the foregrounding of a certain section of the frame, serves as an explanatory basis for the examination of the mechanism of generation of connotative meanings. Artistic names can potentially implement an unlimited number of cultural connotations, which indicates their content capacity and relevance for native speakers, as well as the creative nature of language activities in general.

Horoscope in the media space: a linguocommunicative aspect

The article considers the phenomenon of horoscopic text relevant to modern linguistics in general and analyzes it as a type of speech genre in particular. The article argues that the horoscopic text, functioning in the media space, is a cluster integrative unit created under the influence of a number of extralinguistic factors, which is directly reflected both in the linguistic means used in horoscopes and in their structural organization. The ubiquitous digitalization of the information space causes a reduction of a predictive text’s volume and brings it closer to media genres. The proof that the horoscope is a separate speech genre is the regular use of a certain set of speech acts in its texts, which make up the formula of the genre, while the range of relevant speech acts gets limited by this formula. As a result of our analysis of three hundred horoscope texts, we found that two types of a regularly used speech act can be distinguished in their structure, or two basic components of the media horoscope structure. The first component, implemented in a proposition, is represented by an assertive; the second part, perceived as a recommendation, is represented in the form of a directive of various types. We consider that assertives can be divided into informative and evaluative; directives are verbalized by means of prescriptive and motivational varieties, phraseoreflections, promptings with a forecast, permissions and suggestions. Each type of a speech act is verbalized through a certain set of lexical and grammatical means of the language strengthening the communicative position of the author.

A Variationist Study of Quotative System in the Non-native Speech of French

Abstract: Based on sociolinguistic data collected with 40 Chinese L1 learners of French in Paris, this article examines the quotative markers used by nonnative speakers of French in their direct speech reporting. Our results confirm previous findings in other ethnic groups that both linguistic and extralinguistic factors influence the use of some socio-pragmatic variables in non-native speech. On the one hand, it provides new data on the acquisition of socio-pragmatic competence by a less studied learner group; on the other hand, it offers a further reflection on the influence of linguistic taboo on learners’ L1 and the impact of the critical period in the immigration process on their language acquisition.

The conceptual pair “Life” and “Death” in the Chinese linguistic picture of the world: an explanation of the meanings of precedent texts for representatives of Russian linguistic culture

This article is devoted to the analysis of the conceptual pair “Life” and “Death” in the Chinese linguistic picture of the world. The relevance of this study is due to the growing need for successful intercultural cooperation between Chinese and Russian cultures. Due to objective extralinguistic factors, there is an intensive exchange of knowledge between China and Russia. The flow of Chinese students to Russia is increasing; In the learning process, they are interested not so much in mastering the functioning of the Russian language system, but in understanding the “Russian world.” This process can be difficult due to the discrepancy between the original and the target cultures. The purpose of this work is to study the conceptual complex “Life – Death”, implemented in the Chinese linguistic picture of the world, on the basis of precedent texts widely known to recipients. The subject of the study is the differential characteristics of the conceptual dyad, identified in the process of analysis. The material for the work is precedent texts, in particular, poetic and paremiological units containing the lexical component “Life” and “Death” in the Chinese language. Research methods: descriptive method, conceptual analysis, linguocultural commentary method, contextual analysis, questionnaire. The analysis showed that in the system of social relations the role of each person is determined from birth. Death in the Chinese linguistic picture of the world is the other side of life; It becomes grief and loss only if the individual fails to realize his best qualities. In a certain sense, life for speakers of Chinese language consciousness is a moral achievement. The parameters of the Chinese linguistic picture of the world that we have considered constitute the fund of knowledge that will allow us to begin to comprehend the Russian linguistic picture of the world either by “comparing” mental spaces or by eliminating gaps.

Role of Linguistic and Extralinguistic Factors in the Acquisition of /w/ Retainment

Role of Linguistic and Extralinguistic Factors in the Acquisition of /w/ Retainment

Discursive Practice as the Basis for the Modern Theory of Literary Translation

The purpose of this article is to consider the issues of literary translation as a practice that is not only linguistic or intercultural, but has a discursive ontology. Currently, translation theory is moving away from the analysis of translation only in the dimension of working with text, moving towards analysis in the volumetric dimension of the contextual content of the meaning transferred to a different language and culture. Translation, as a practice, can itself become the starting point that generates discourse, while involving many linguistic and extralinguistic factors. In the process of this study, methods such as bibliographic analysis were used to determine the degree of study of the topic, as well as an analysis of discursive translation practice. It is the approach to translation from the point of view of discourse that allows us to move away from the rigid dilemma associated with translatability or untranslatability. In result, it’s possible to conclude, that discursive practice allows us to look at translation as a dynamic process in which the narrative unfolds on several levels at once, which means that there is no longer a critical need to determine the quality of translation only by questions of achieving equivalence.

MATERIALS OF DIALECTOLOGICAL PRACTICE AS A SOURCE OF THE STUDY OF MODERN MIDDLE POLISSYA DIALECTS

The article confirms the status of the materials of dialectological practice as an important source for the study of Ukrainian dialects from the position of synchrony in general and the study of the modern state of Middle Polissya dialects in particular, given the possibility of recording colloquial speech with the help of various technical devices, which enables its authenticity and reliability. Records of samples of dialectal connected speech, recorded by students of Zhytomyr State University named after Ivan Franko during dialectological practice in 2022–2023 from native speakers of mostly older generations, testify to the preservation of defining dialectal features primarily at the phonetic and morphological levels, which are the most static and undergo the least changes, compared, for example, with the lexical one. The analyzed dialect texts most clearly demonstrate the presence of phonetic features in the realm of vocalism, in particular, the functioning of the sounds of heterogeneous articulation [o] and [e] both in the place of etymological counterparts, and ѣ as a reflex, the absence of [i] and its replacement by other sounds (for example, [i] – in the northern regions Zhytomyr Oblast, [иі] – a bit further south, while the last feature led to a significant number of palatalized sounds, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the presence of dispalatalization of a number of consonant sounds, which has been known in the studied area for a long time. Among the morphological features, the most obvious are the presence of full uncontracted forms of adjectives, pronouns and numerals, truncated forms of adjectives, numerals, pronouns in the masculine singular nominative case, preservation of the ancient ending -e in neuter nouns, the function of the ancient infinitive in -t, etc. At the same time, the materials of dialectological practice actualized a number of problems, which mostly due to extralinguistic factors (the Russian-Ukrainian war, the migration of people from the occupied territories or those where hostilities are ongoing to the territory of Polissya, the migration of the Poleschuks themselves from areas bordering Belarus, the decrease in the number of the autochthonous population, the presence of education in the majority of the inhabitants-speakers etc.) appear every time before dialectologists in the process of collecting speaking material and its subsequent interpretation. In general, the Middle Polissya ethnolinguistic continuum demonstrates durability and continuity in linguistic terms from the most ancient state to the present.

Acoustic Variability of /ptk/ and /bdɡ/ in Spanish: A Pilot Study

Propelled by existing research on stop consonant variability in Spanish, this pilot study provides a preliminary acoustic analysis of stop consonant lenition exhibited by speakers of six different varieties of Spanish in Latin America and Spain to explore the gradient acoustic variability in the production of /ptk/ and /bdɡ/ among speakers of different Spanish varieties. Using the acoustic correlate of relative intensity, this analysis considers the effect of various linguistic factors (phoneme, lexical stress, point of articulation, sonority) as well as the extralinguistic factor of Spanish variety on the production of stop consonants in initial, intervocalic position. Results display a higher degree of weakening among speakers of Peninsular and Insular varieties of Spanish compared with those of Latin-American varieties such as Colombian, Mexican, and Peruvian. These exploratory data support the gradient nature of consonant lenition and provide a baseline for future research on stop consonant variability across the Spanish-speaking world.

The Role of Extralinguistic Factors in the Formation of the Lexical-Semantic Group "Fortitude (Courage) " In the English And Spanish Languages of the XIII-XV Centuries

The article discusses the features of the formation of the lexical-semantic group "Fortitude (Courage) " in the English and Spanish languages of the XIII-XV centuries, an important role in the formation of which was played by extralinguistic, in particular, religious factors. The source of the research material in English is presented by manuscripts of the XIII-XV centuries contained in the Corpus of Middle English Prose and Verse. The source of the research material in Spanish is presented by manuscripts of the XIII-XV centuries contained in the electronic corpus of the Corpus del español. The lexemes of this group in the languages under study belonged to the core of the lexis of positive moral and ethical evaluation in the period under review. This is explained by the significant role of the Church in the formation of ethical norms in mediaeval society. Mediaeval authors singled out seven virtues, three of which were considered theological (Faith, Hope, Love), and the remaining four were called cardinal: Prudence, Justice, Purity, and Fortitude (Courage). The names of virtues became semantic centers around which lexis of positive moral and ethical evaluation was formed in the English and Spanish languages of the XIII-XV centuries.

Semantic changes in the diachronic perspective from the viewpoint of ethnic experience categorization in the English language

The article considers semantic changes in English words as certain movements in accordance with figurative schemes within the framework of the conceptual structure of the word and lexical categories. We believe this aspect to be relevant as the traditional approach to semantic changes of words in the diachronic perspective does not reveal the mechanism of transition from one meaning to another. In terms of cognitive linguistics, it is possible to more profoundly describe the phenomenon of recategorization in the English word semantics in the diachronic perspective and understand the essence of these changes. The scientific novelty of this study is the evaluation of semantic changes in the vocabulary of the English language from the standpoint of categorization, which is considered within the framework of diachronic changes influenced by a variety of external, extralinguistic factors, including the level of the development of civilization, culture and thinking of the English-speaking nation. We have provided rationale for the hypothesis that every shift of the meaning towards “improvement” or “deterioration” in the diachronic perspective will depend on the direction of the movement (to the core or periphery) of the word conceptual base: deterioration of the meaning is often associated with its movement towards the periphery, and improvement - with its movement to the core. The expansion and narrowing of the meanings of words is associated, respectively, with the movement from its part to its whole and from its whole to its part in the conceptual structure of words. In each specific case, the language selects the optimal way to change the value. This is the theoretical significance of our research. The possibility of using research materials in courses in the history of the English language, linguistic and cultural aspects of the English language, lexicology and stylistics of the English language determines the practical significance of the study.

Pragmatics of coloronyms in art spaces (based on the French and English languages)

This article considers formation and evolution vectors of lexical units belonging to the semantic field “Color” in English and French. The purpose of this study is to describe the functional status and pragmasemantic parameters of the color vocabulary in the French and Russian-speaking art space. The relevance of the presented work is due to the intensive transformation of the extralinguistic space today. We gain deeper knowledge of it and more complicated structure of this knowledge, which leads to the evolution of the language systems themselves whose vocabulary shows the most sensitive reactions and, consequently, the highest dynamics. The work is based on English and French dictionaries, as well as on the texts of special literature, articles, reviews and comments from users of specialized art sites and forums. The article clarifies the concept of a coloronym and provides the basic principles of color space standardization and related nominations. We establish the most significant functional trends that determine the emergence of new coloronyms. The article describes in detail the mechanisms of nomination in the diachronic aspect. Based on a detailed structural and historical analysis of lexical units, we draw conclusions about the productivity of certain types of human activities, which serve as a source of a significant number of coloronyms: traditionally it is the sphere of fashion, art, as well as craft, industry, medicine and travel. The study also reveals the growing role of extralinguistic factors in the current processes of color naming, highlighting the policy of world-famous organizations as a specific factor in the creation of new units.

LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL SPECIFICITY OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH A FOOD COMPONENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF RUSSIAN NATIONAL CUISINE)

The article deals with the analysis of the linguistic and cultural features of phraseological units with a food component in order to identify the unique features formulated in the process of the gastronomic culture development of Russian national cuisine. The authors analyze the specifics of phraseological units including a food component, due to the influence of extra linguistic factors: historical, geographical, economic, cultural and linguistic types of interaction. The research work reveals the peculiarities of the worldview, character and beliefs of the Russian representatives which is the key influence on the formation and functioning of certain phraseological units with a food component in the modern Russian language. The research work results in drawing up thematic groups classification of phraseological units with food components such as “porridge”, “bread and bakery products”, “spices”, “vegetables” which are identified in the course of study based on Russian phraseological dictionaries; the authors analyze the frequency of phraseological units usage with identified components in the modern Russian language as well present the reasons of the certain food components productivity.

ECONOMIC AND LEGAL DOCUMENTS IN THE ACADEMIC SPHERE: CONTENT-RELATED, LINGUISTIC AND TRANSLATIONAL ASPECTS (ON THE MATERIAL OF ENGLISH, CHINESE AND UKRAINIAN)

The purpose of the article is to analyze English and Chinese texts of the authentic official documents regulating economic and legal relations in the academic sphere in the XXI century as well as their translated versions in Ukrainian. The object of the study is the process of Ukraine’s EU integration and cooperation with the P. R. C. in the academic sphere alongside their documentary support. The subject of the research is language and translation tools aimed at reproducing the content of the authentic official documents regulating cooperation terms and conditions between Ukraine, European Union, and China in the academic sphere from English and Chinese into Ukrainian. The results of the study are, on the one hand, specification of the concepts “academic activity”, “academic integration”, “rights and obligations of parties to academic activity”, “conditions for financing academic activities”, “synergism of the translatological paradigm”; on the other hand — identification of the synergism phenomenon within the translatological paradigm under focus. Conclusions: synergism of the translatological paradigm within the research material has been specified according to these indicators: 1) adequacy of reproducing terminology in the Ukrainian language; 2) adequacy of reproducing grammatical constructions; 3) preserving the text frame. The success of translation is correlated both with the linguistic awareness of the translator and with the awareness of the practical basis for concluding and implementing international agreements in the academic field, academic mobility programs. The perspectives of further research are seen in the study of interaction principles of linguistic and extralinguistic factors while dealing with synergism in the source and target texts.

ЭПИСТОЛЯРЛЫҚ ТІЛДІК ТҰЛҒА: КАТЕГОРИЯЛЫҚ ЖӘНЕ ТИПОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ ЕРЕКШЕЛІК

The article deals with issues related to the term-status of the phrase «epistolary linguistic personality», which is used in linguistic research in recent years. The original concepts of scientists in the study of the phenomenon of linguistic personality are compared, including various criteria taken into account in the typology of linguistic personality, their views on the grouping of linguistic personality in relation to the fields of linguistic science. The analysis of linguistic and extralinguistic factors taken into account when considering ETT, the image of the author within the framework of epistolary communication and the features of his linguistic expression in the text is carried out. Based on the definition given by A.V.Kuryanovich of the epistolary linguistic personality, categorical and typological features of the epistolary linguistic personality are determined. The material for the analysis was the letters of the national hero, writer Bauyrzhan Momyshuly to M.Gabdullin, M.Auezov, M.Abdikhalykov.

Invariant and Variability Boundaries as Indicators of the Translation Adequacy (Exemplified by Contemporary American Prose)

The object of the study is the novel "The Collector" by the American writer Nora Roberts. Interrelation of the contents’ meaning invariant and its variability inevitably springing up in the fiction translation process due to linguistic as well as extra-linguistic factors is analytically considered. Special heed is paid to the transcendence of the admissible or «tolerated» variability which is bound not only to infringe the translation invariant, but also to distort the original contents’ meaning as well as its distinctive stylistic features. Examples in the form of textual excerpts borrowed from the original and its published translation are compared and juxtaposed on the basis of the detailed linguistic examination of the voluntary deviations from the original made up by the translator both involuntarily, i.e. erroneously, and deliberately. They consist mostly either of the source text’s contents omission or introduction of his/her personal dysfunctional, redundant, and completely unjustified additional information to the target text. The examples are mainly classified according to the factors causing either the variability of the source text or its meaning’s distortion as well as to the effectiveness of various means aimed to protect the translation invariant. In most cases, the authors suggest their own equivalent versions of either omitted or distorted original’s excerpts as appropriate contextual correspondences. The authors conclude that such excessive variability in the translation of the novel into Russian distorted the general meaning of the original, changed its semantics and stylistics.

Стиль как реляционная поливалентная категория

The modern theory of style requires clarification of some aspects of this multifaceted phenomenon, because of its absolute anthropocentric and functional nature, as well as the resultant immanent connection of style not only with linguistic elements but also with extralinguistic factors. The study shows that such clarifications are largely related to style characteristics, such as relationality, which is the explicit expression of the relationship between the language and the person using it in specific types of speech activities and communications in the style and through it, polyvalence or the ability to express not one, but a whole bunch of correlative ties between language units and non-language phenomena, alternativity, which means an implication of the will expression of a linguistic persona in the style category. This will expression is aimed at consciously choosing from two or more options available to the linguistic persona based on the resources of the appropriate language and language experience to utter the desired message. As a modus of formulating a specific functional-conceptual whole realized through the interconnected set of features of a systemic-structural formation that can be distinguished and interpreted, style is a crucial parameter of utterance, text and discourse. Being the specific functional-conceptual whole formulation modus, it is realized through the interconnected set of features of a systemic-structural formation that can be distinguished and interpreted. Recognition of stylistic information contained in the holistic statements formulation modus optimizes the successful course of speech communication.

Рецензия на коллективную монографию «Дискурсивные основания речеведения: научный текст — новое знание — перевод»

A review of the collective monograph “Discursive foundations of speech production: scientific text – new knowledge – translation” under the general editorship of M.P. Kotyurova (Perm: PSNIU, 2023. 300 p.) is presented. Two scientific directions are investigated — stylistics of scientific text and speech studies. This gives an opportunity to study the significance of the influence of extra-linguistic factors on text formation. An experimental study is described strategies of translation of a scientific text, which aims to create a portrait of the translator as a “linguocultural and functional-speech phenomenon”.

Anthropocentric features of toponyms in Australia and Oceania as a reflection of the geographical and historical factors of their appearance in the language

Toponyms are a complex system, the semantic and structural features of which reflect the cultural and historical peculiarities of the nation. The toponyms of Norfolk Island stand out from other toponyms of the English language due to the isolated geographical location of the island and its violent history. This article discusses in detail the extralinguistic factors that determine the semantic features of geographical names of Norfolk Island. The historical factors that influenced the creation of a significant number of place names include the fact that the settlement of Norfolk Island was founded as a British penal colony. Other factors include political and economic dependence on the UK, and later on Australia. It is noted that the most important among such factors is the motivation of the residents who inhabited Norfolk Island after its discovery by Captain J. Cook. The historical factors we are considering influence the formation of certain connotations of the toponyms of Norfolk Island and Australia. The article proposes a structural and semantic classification of toponyms of Australia and Oceania. The criteria that served as the basis for describing the classification include the presence of positive or negative stylistic coloring. It is noted that some names change their stylistic coloring. This phenomenon is an example of historical rehabilitation. Among the most common anthropogenic factors affecting the structure of toponyms, we have identified the influence of historical figures on the development of the island and the difficult living conditions of the first settlers. Such factors determine the choice of a toponym and are reflected in the presence or absence of its stylistic coloring.

Communicative tactics of self-presentation of the addresser in Lesya Ukrainka's epistolary discourse

The article examines the communicative tactics of the addresser's self-presentation in Lesya Ukrainka's epistolary discourse. The study of letters belonging to one and the same linguistic personality, in the unity of linguistic and extralinguistic factors of text creation, makes it possible not only to learn about the facts of the biography of the author of the letters, but also to penetrate into the work of thinking, the mechanisms of communicative activity. This is the reason for the relevance of this investigation. The purpose of the article is the analysis of communicative tactics that implement the general communicative strategy of self-presentation in Lesya Ukrainka's epistolary discourse. The main tactics are: 1) self-characterization, in which the author of the letters describes her appearance, character, intellectual properties, physical and emotional state; 2) characteristics provided by other people, real or imagined; 3) comparison herself with other people; 4) comparison of different hypostases of one's personality; 5) self-identification by national identity; 6) self-identification through social and professional status; 7) self-identification through social and family ties; 8) self-nomination in the signature as a component of the end of the letter; 9) evaluation of one's own communicative activity; 10) formulation of own life principles; 11) description of her lifestyle, daily activities, household chores; 12) philosophical understanding of one's existence. Thus, Lesya Ukrainka uses various communicative tactics of self-presentation in her letters to various persons. These tactics form pragmatic, semantic[1]structural and linguo-stylistic integrity within the framework of a single communicative strategy. The self-presentation of the author of the letters reflects her linguistic personality as a communicatively active, reflective, self-ironic, self-critical person who needs communication and self-realization in the field of literary creativity. The prospects for further research are linked to the analysis of the selection of communicative tactics depending on the specifics of the addresser and other extralinguistic factors.

Speech etiquette situation of apology in classes of Russian as a foreign language (on the example of Asya Petrova's story «Sorry, Fool»)

The paper proposes to pay attention to the study of speech situation of apology by foreign students on the example of modern fiction text analysis. Since reading as a kind of speech activity is connected with the cognitive function of the language, the proper selection of texts in the classes of Russian as a foreign language contributes to the application of the factual information contained in them in practice, as well as increasing linguocountryological competence of students. The research updates the role of speech etiquette in the aspect of linguo-country studies and raises the problem of finding relevant and communicatively valuable material for teaching, the selection of such texts that would be available for intercultural discussion. Choosing the story Sorry, Fool by the childrens writer Asya Petrova, the authors describe the advantage of modern childrens literature over other sources and aim to create productive intercultural communication in the classroom. Analyzing the situation of an apology at advanced levels of language proficiency, the authors consider an apology as a communicatively defined event that takes into account contemporary realities and extra-linguistic factors. A system of exercises and questions, including the traditional complex of text tasks: pre-textual, by-textual and post-textual exercises aimed at the formation of the behavior culture and the development of oral speech, is proposed for the formation of students communicative skills. The research resulted in the testing of the presented work in practical classes with foreign students on topics related to speech etiquette and human speech culture. The authors note that the affective reading on the example of Asya Petrovas story Sorry, Fool proved to be effective in practice, contributed to the creation of a situation of success in the organization of international communication and allowed to implement the participants intentional promotion of the principles and values of their culture in the class.