Experiences Of Officers Research Articles

Діяльність консульства Японії в Одесі під керівництвом Шімади Шіґеру. Частина ІI

The history of the Japanese consulate in Odesa consists of two key periods: 1889–1910 and 1926–1937. Shimada Shigeru became the third head of the Soviet-era institution, working as a consul in Odesa from 1927 to 1930. The main content of Shimada’s work was writing reports. The source of information for writing reports was periodicals and personal experience of consular officers. To understand the affairs of the Soviet Union, they often went on various business trips. During the period of Shimada’s work in Odessa, he made about 200 reports. The main topics were economic reviews, analysis of the food crisis, international trade, ethnic picture of the region, the state of industrial development, strengthening the totalitarian system, the implementation of various cultural projects and more. The consul saw the low standard of living of the population. He predicted the future disaster in agriculture, namely Holodomor. The materials of the many consul’s reports were intercepted by Soviet counterintelligence agents. However, they did not manage to discover really secret materials. In addition, the consul monitored changes in the Soviet government. He evaluated results of its activity extremely negatively. During official meetings, Shimada always showed loyalty to the USSR, held restrained views in his reports, but openly criticized the Soviet reality in personal conversations.

The impact and experience of female police officers in peacekeeping missions: A qualitative exploration

ABSTRACT This paper explores the differences in experiences between female and male police officers deployed in United Nations peacekeeping missions. In the last decade, the United Nations Police (UNPOL) have pushed to increase the percentage of female officers deployed to peacekeeping missions. These UNPOL officers are at the forefront of post-conflict police reform. Police reforms can have a serious impact on how females are treated in UNPOL and in the host nation. UNPOL officers face various challenges, including difficulties transitioning into a multicultural environment and the physical dangers they must circumvent in a peacekeeping mission. The differences between male and female officers are discussed to provide insight into the impact of the missions and the policy implications to improve the effectiveness and efficacy of the missions.

‘Me’ versus ‘We’: exploring the personal and professional identity-threatening experiences of police officers and the factors that contribute to them

ABSTRACT From semi-structured interviews with 42 Canadian police officers, the study suggests that the occupational context created both personal and professional identity threats are largely based on the degree to which officers aligned with the image of the ideal worker as physically strong, aggressive and committed to the job. Because perceived nonconforming members also violated gendered expectations for behavior, they not only experienced threats to their personal identities, but also were potentially subjected to bullying, harassment, and isolation. Socialization processes and occupational stigma were identified as two key factors that intensified the occupational identity and the ‘us’ and ‘them’ divide leading to more vigorous defenses against group identity threats. Despite the salience of these contextual factors, not all officers experienced the identity threats in the same way, highlighting changing views on what it means to be an ‘ideal’ police officer as well as opportunities for reform.

What Socialist Politicians Can Do: An Interview with Nikil Saval

Nikil Saval was elected to the Pennsylvania State Senate in 2020. Insofar as there is a typical path to American public office, Saval didn't follow it. The New York Times called him the "n+1 candidate" (after the magazine he used to co-edit); he was a reporter and essayist, and the author of Cubed: A Secret History of the Workplace. He was also an organizer with UNITE HERE from 2009 to 2013, and, fatefully, his Philadelphia home became a canvassing hub for the Bernie Sanders campaign in 2016. In August, I spoke with Saval about his experiences in office, and the connection between socialist ideas and everyday politics

Police Officer Experiences with Community Policing and Views on Counterterrorism in Somalia

ABSTRACT This article examines frontline officers’ experiences with community policing and how these experiences shape their attitudes toward different security actors engaged in counterterror activities in a region experiencing protracted conflict (i.e., Kismaayo, Somalia). Relying on path dependency theory and an original and new dataset, the current study finds that officers with experience with the organizational adaptation dimension of community policing are less likely to believe that militarized forces with offensive functions are suited to respond to terrorism, while experience with the community engagement dimension makes officers less likely to believe an armed intelligence force with an informant cultivation mandate is suited for countering terrorism. These findings expand the scholarly understanding of community policing and counterterrorism by focusing on officers’ actual experiences with different dimensions of community policing and how these experiences shape frontline officers’ attitudes in a region dealing with prolonged warfare, an active terrorist threat, and a plurality of forces.

Analisis Penyebab Terjadinya Missfile Berkas Rekam Medis di Ruangan Filling RS St Elisabeth Batam Kota

This research is motivated by the occurrence of missfiles in terms of searching for medical record files where officers who borrow medical record documents do not write in the expedition book which causes obstacles in carrying out patient actions. The officer is not careful in preparing the medical record file where the document will be used but it is not on the proper shelf The study was to determine the flow of medical record file retrieval, to find out the flow of medical record file storage and the causes of missfiles in the medical record file filling room at St Elisabeth Hospital Batam City. This study uses a qualitative method. The data collection of this research was carried out by the researcher by means of interviews and observations. The population of this study consisted of four medical record officers and 1 nurse. Result: when the service is seen from the Man and Method factors, including the man factor, namely the level of education and work experience of officers. The method factor is that 100% of SOPs have not been implemented on returning and borrowing medical record files because there are still officers who do not know the correct application of SOPs. This is what causes the missfile in the filling room. Conclusion: The officers did not focus when filling out the medical record files due to the fatigue of the officers, the lack of thoroughness of the officers and the rush of the officers when they wanted to fill in the medical record files which could cause missfiles and where the return and loan SOPs did not work.

An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis on the Experience of Probation Officers in Managing People With Antisocial Personality Disorder.

People who are managed by the National Probation Service and convicted of high risk offences will often meet criteria for antisocial personality disorder and have complex psychosocial needs; this group of people present with high risk behavior which may professionals have been reluctant to work with in the past who are associated with higher rates of recidivism. This study investigated the experiences of probation officers in managing people who meet the criteria for Anti Social Personality Disorder. Semi structured interviews were conducted with six participants to capture their experiences of working with this population, the challenges they faced, and coping mechanisms employed, through analysis using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Three superordinate themes were identified which revealed participants internal feeling, strategies employed, and external challenges. They spoke about internal negative feelings, specifically feeling controlled, having mistrust, a lack of confidence, being overwhelmed with emotion, and experiencing a fear of risk behaviors. Other themes involved external pressures as well as different coping responses. Implications are discussed to help probation officers to understand this population, for the organization to support staff to work with challenging behaviors and prevent burn out, to enable positive outcomes, and for potentially reducing reoffending.

Transformation of Administrative Data into Statistical Reporting Through the Introduction of State Statistical Survey “Implementation of Administrative Proceedings”

The problem of formation of statistical reporting as administrative data by the judicial bodies of Ukraine is considered. The situation regarding the publication of judicial statistics by the statistical organization of the European Commission and statistical bodies of some foreign countries is analyzed. The necessity of forming the state statistical survey “Implementation of administrative proceedings” on the basis of judicial statistics data is substantiated.
 It is noted that high-quality information of the State Statistical Survey (hereinafter – SSS) on administrative proceedings in Ukraine is necessary to make informed, sound management decisions to protect the rights, freedoms and interests of citizens and rights and interests of enterprises, institutions and organizations, the constitutional order Ukraine, the established law and order, strengthening the rule of law, prevention of violations by the subjects of power.
 The experience of the Federal Statistical Office of the Federal Republic of Germany, the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova and statistical institutions of other countries has been studied. For Ukraine, which is trying to achieve the level of democratic, social, legal state, there is an urgent need to resolve a range of legal, political and socio-cultural issues related to creating favorable conditions for comprehensive protection of the rights and interests of individuals and legal entities which is the foundation of economic development of the country. An important role in ensuring such level is played by judicial statistics, which is formed, in particular, in the implementation of administrative proceedings. At the same time, the use of statistical research methods as a result of consideration of administrative cases by court helps to better understand the peculiarities of socio-economic development of our state, to assess the effectiveness of public authorities and courts.
 It is concluded that the results of observations on administrative proceedings should be freely available on the official website of the State Statistics Service with reference to sources of such information, namely, according to the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine, local administrative courts, Courts of Appeal, Administrative Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court.

The Roles and Competencies of Women Sulh Officers in Malaysian Syariah Courts

Sulh officers are the backbones of the implementation of sulh as on of the alternative dispute resolutions in syariah courts. The knowledge and experience of Sulh officers could influence the process and the success of Sulh sessions. The objective of the research is to identify (i) the roles and competencies of women sulh officers in handling and resolving mal cases; (ii) their confidence levels; and (iii) their advantages and disadvantages in terms of their skills. Another objective is to identify the differences of the period of services between the women sulh officers in the Federal States (shared services) and the ones in the other States. By using both qualitative and quantitative methods, this research proves that a competent women sulh officer is significant and valuable to achieve the objective of sulh, ensuring the smoothness of case resolutions, thus contributes to the overall performance of syariah courts.

"Dare to Share": Improving Information Sharing and Risk Assessment in Multiteam Systems Managing Offender Probation.

Managing offenders released from prison requires a multiteam system (MTS) approach, with teams from across police, probation, and other criminal justice agencies. However, public inquiries highlight current approaches are impaired by poor information sharing that compromises risk assessment and recall decisions, which can allow serious further offences to occur. Little research has focused on the causes of these information sharing difficulties. The current study draws on the perspectives and experiences of probation and police officers to improve understanding of causes of information sharing difficulties. The research is conducted within the context of a new enhanced information sharing ‘Direct Access’ initiative implemented in one region of the UK (Devon and Cornwall) that permits probation to directly access police information technology systems. This provides a novel opportunity to cross validate MTS theory to the real-world context of offender management and considers what works in practise to overcome information sharing challenges. Eleven semi-structured interviews were conducted with police (N = 4) and probation (N = 7) officers. Thematic analysis revealed six themes: i) information sharing difficulties and impact; ii) causes of information sharing difficulties; iii) impact of ‘Direct Access’ on information sharing practices; iv) workload inequality; v) training; and vi) evolution of ‘Direct Access’. Overall, findings highlight that information sharing difficulties are causes by not knowing what information to request or share, limited resources, lack of clarity about General Data Protection Regulation and concern about consequences of breaching this. These barriers can result in delays and failures to share information, which hinders the accuracy of risk assessments and ability to safeguard. Findings also highlight that providing statutory partners with ‘Direct Access’ to I.T systems can improve the relevance and timeliness of information. However, ‘daring to share’ is not enough to address trust issues without also clarifying expectations regarding information use and perceived workload inequalities.

From the “Lavender Scare” to “Out and Equal”: LGBTQIA+ Diversity in the U.S. Intelligence Community

Like most formal organizations in the United States, the agencies in the Intelligence Community (IC) have historically comprised white men and reflected their stories and interests. In the last few decades, however, the agencies have made efforts to diversify the workforce along multiple dimensions of inequality. In response to these initiatives, researchers—to include the agencies themselves—have sought to understand and elevate the experiences of officers who identify outside of the white and male demographics, with race, ethnicity, and gender as the primary targets of these studies. In contrast, it is only in the last few years that the agencies have made efforts to increase the visibility and sense of belonging among the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, asexual or ally, and other sexual and gender minorities (LGBTQIA+) population in the IC. LGBTQIA + intelligence officers work in a career with a particularly fraught history: it began with the so-called Lavender Scare in the 1950s—a period during which gay and lesbian government officers were considered security risks—and it was legal for them to be fired for this reason until 1995. With a short history marked by rapid change, research on this population has been relatively slow and scant to date. What do we know about the experiences of LGBTQIA + intelligence officers, and where do we go next? This article will consider these questions and explore opportunities and challenges that the structures and cultures of the IC present to the LGBTQIA + population.

An Empirical Study on the Deficiencies and Optimization of the Management System of Tourist Attractions Based on Human Resource Management

Today, with the deepening of economic globalization and the further intensification of competition among enterprises, the role and functions of human resource managers of enterprises have undergone major changes. Their main responsibilities have shifted from administrative and logistical type work to becoming strategic partners in businesses. Therefore, competency-based human resource management is gradually attracting the attention of enterprises, which use the competency model to effectively identify the potential characteristics of individuals, thus dynamically realizing the consistency of human-work-organizational strategic goals. Based on the social reality of profound changes in human resource management in the era of big data, this study uses natural language processing and machine learning methods to dynamically mine 165,811 enterprise recruitment data for feature analysis and model construction of human resource management job capabilities. To capture the job profile data of job seekers, experts are required to observe and score the career profile according to the competency model, obtain training data, and then study the application of the competency model in resume screening, and build the competency matching model. The results show that among the variables extracted from resumes, whether they majored in human resources, internship experience, student officer experience, the size of the company they work for, their level and their highest level of education has a significant impact on overall ability characteristics, while working hours, reward experience, and education have no significant effect on ability characteristics. The accuracy, recall rate, accuracy, and Fl score of the ability prediction model built by machine learning are all above 70%, indicating that the model can effectively imitate the behavior of experts, evaluate the competency according to the resume, and realize the ability matching in the resume screening from small-scale manual operation to big data machine calculation.

‘You can’t un-see what you’ve seen’: An ex-prison officer's autoethnographic account of suicide and self-harm in a UK male adult prison

Internationally, prisons are challenging environments for officers and prisoners, and suicide and self-harm have ramifications for both parties. Suicide and self-harm in prison far exceed prevalence in the general population and officers experience many psychological and emotional impacts including distress, bereavement, guilt, shame, accountability, desensitisation and PTSD. This article explores relational and institutional dynamics and cultural expectations placed upon officers when dealing with suicide/self-harm. Prison officer culture can be limited in supporting officers around trauma and it can be perceived as stigmatising and a weakness to seek help. This article explores a former prison officer's experience of dealing with trauma around self-harm and suicide including the first experience of suicide, moral conflict and the impact of losing a colleague to suicide. I worked as a prison officer at a category ‘B’ local prison in the (UK) between 2003 and 2009 and kept a reflective journal during service. Drawing upon Autoethnography (AE), I seek to explore the lived experience of trauma from an ‘insider perspective’ using prison research to interpret retrospective accounts. Concepts around emotional labour, occupational morality and prison officer occupational culture/ socialisation are used to highlight the complexities of prison officer work around suicide/self-harm. The prison service (UK) needs to reduce stigma in officers who need help and support around mental health and coping with trauma, with strategies like peer support programmes, regular supervision/mandatory counselling and extensive debriefs to support officers in the aftermath of traumatic critical incidents.

Confidence in Their Craft: Assessing the Relationship Between Officer Work Experiences and Their Perceptions of Self-Efficacy

The detailed study of officer experience has received relatively little attention within the policing literature despite it being integral to nearly every facet of their role. Drawing on survey data ( N = 691 officers), the current study examines how the unique work experiences of officers (i.e., shifts, crime areas, duty assignments, in-service trainings) are related to their perceptions of confidence (i.e., self-efficacy) in the ability to perform different job-related tasks. Results revealed that more tenured officers, having worked a greater number of shifts, and those who completed increased in-service trainings had significantly higher confidence in performing both law enforcement and order-maintenance/service-oriented duties. Several other officer characteristics were also found to have varying levels of significance in relation to their confidence. Overall, the findings support the inclusion of more nuanced measures of officer experience, as well as the potential applicability of self-efficacy theory within policing research moving forward.

Research note: Office participation and the dissipating populism-distrust connection

Recent studies have shown that the correlation between political distrust and support for populist and radical parties dissipates when these parties are in office or have office experience. In this research note we argue and demonstrate that it is not so much office experience that matters, but actually being in office. Moreover, we show that the populism-distrust connection (1) exists before populists enter a government coalition; (2) dissipates during their time in office; and (3) can resurface after they have left office again. Finally, we show that the ‘dissipation effect’ exists among all types of populist parties (also those that are not radical left or right), but not among other non-mainstream parties like, for instance, green or regionalist parties. These are important findings because they suggest that this effect is only temporary, and, at least partly, due to parties' populist messages.

DEVELOPMENT OF LAW ENFORCERS’ COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN ТHE USA

Based on the study of the experience of training law enforcement officers in the United States, there has been stressed in the article on the need to improve the police training considering development of communicative and interpersonal skills. These skills as well as creative thinking, problem-solving and decision-making skills are among the most needed for the professional efficiency of every law enforcement officer. The author considers that a new law enforcement agency serving the social needs and protecting the rights of citizens requires modern approaches to the police training. So, as the community-oriented policing is an important aspect of law enforcement work, police training academies should train their officers to interact effectively with public. Coming from the USA research outcomes, the core interpersonal competencies for law enforcement officers are identified as following: ability to use good judgment and to problem solve; capacity for empathy and compassion; capacity for multi-tasking; ability to demonstrate courage and to take responsibility; ability to be resourceful and show initiative; demonstrating assertiveness; possess and demonstrate integrity; capacity for engaging in teamwork and ability to collaborate. The contemporary methodologies like problem-based learning, communications-based instructions, and practical scenario training providing development of law enforcers’ communicative and interpersonal skills are analyzed in the article. Within training programs these methods integrate many of the educational results such as: thinking critically with the ability to analyze complex problems; locate, assess, and utilize significant educational resources; display outstanding skills related to written and oral communications; and develop into life-long learners by using their intellectual and content knowledge. The author says that the experience of the USA police training according to the mentioned sphere can be crucially useful for the police reform process in Ukraine.
 Кеу words: communication skills; interpersonal skills; law enforcers; police training; the USA.

Aggression Against Police Officers and Behavior Toward Citizens: Reciprocal Influence or Common Causes?

Police officers are often the victim of aggression by citizens, which has negative consequences for them and society in general. Therefore, it is important to gain knowledge about related factors. This study examines to what extent experiencing aggression as a police officer is related to their patience with citizens and use of force weapons and tools. Two explanations based on the victim-offender overlap are examined: experiences of aggression and behavior toward citizens influence each other vs. both have common causes. This study was conducted on the basis of a longitudinal survey among police officers (N = 693). The results show that behavior toward citizens, including patience with citizens and the use of force is related to the aggression police officers experience. The association decreases but does not disappear when common causes are taken into account, in this case socio-demographic and work-related characteristics. No direct support is found for reciprocal influence. Implications and suggestions for further research are described.

The merits and risks of body-worn camera footage in domestic and family violence incidents and legal proceedings: a study of police perceptions and experiences

ABSTRACT There has been significant investment by police agencies in the use of body-worn cameras (BWCs). Preliminary evidence suggests that when used in the context of domestic and family violence, BWC footage may strengthen evidential cases and prosecutions. There is, however, a paucity of research examining the merits of and risks posed by the use of BWC footage in DFV incidents and legal proceedings. Notably absent in much of the literature are the views and experiences of police officers who, as initial owners of BWC footage, are likely to affect how it is produced and interpreted. This paper presents findings from the first Australian study to examine how police officers, as users and operators of BWC technology, perceive the use of BWC footage in DFV-related civil and criminal legal proceedings in two Australian state jurisdictions: Western Australia and Queensland. While broadly supportive of BWC technology, police respondents, especially those from specialised DFV units, identified various benefits and limitations to using BWC footage in the context of DFV, including that BWCs have the potential to capture DFV upon police call-outs, but can be limiting insofar as they do not show ongoing patterns of violence. Our findings highlight the importance of exercising domain-specific, rather than a ‘one size fits all’ approach when it comes to understanding the benefits and limitations of BWC technology.

Abjection in extremely gendered colonial organizations: Female military firefighter officers in Brazil

It is often suggested that some occupations are inherently more suited to men or to women. Such beliefs can become norms that can have powerful effects on those who inhabit, or wish to enter, such occupations. This article explores the discursive framing of gendered occupations by considering the experience of cis female military firefighter officers in the masculine world of the Corpo de Bombeiros Militar in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. We identify this Global South organization as extremely gendered but also profoundly colonial in its patriarchal order and its hierarchical culture and structure. We use Kristeva’s and Butler’s work on abjection to understand how these officers and their bodies are differentiated. Based on interviews and document analysis, we foreground their abjection using three examples: the organization’s physical entrance test, the maternal body and its masculine organizational grammar. Yet, just as they are targets of exclusion, these women and their bodies are also necessary to maintain the hypermasculinity of this organization. Our contribution is to analyse abjection in a specific hypergendered organizational context where masculinity is not only amplified by the co-presence of military service and firefighting, but also where gender relations, structure and culture have deep colonial roots.

LAW ENFORCEMENT IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE: A CASE ANALYSIS

The study is a case analysis on the experiences of the law enforcement officers in the administration of justice. The respondents were 5 selected law enforcement officers from Northern Luzon, who were chosen through convenience sampling. A validated interview guide was utilized in data gathering. Data gathered were then collated, themed and analyzed. The study revealed that the perceived role of the law enforcement in the administration of justice centered on law enforcement, it involves the conduct of arrest, investigation and filing of cases. The law enforcement officer’s experience in the administration of justice is attributable to following protocols, encounter with the accused and trauma from these experiences. It is then concluded that the law enforcement officer’s perception on their role and their experiences in the administration of justice adhere to their mandates as defined by their manual. Such experiences also reflect the human nature of obedience and weakness for the trauma experienced. In the light of the conclusions, it is also recommended that the programs suggested be adapted. KEY WORDS; Law Enforcement, Administration of Justice, Live Experience