Expectations Of Tourists Research Articles

Paisajes discordantes. La crisis de la valoración patrimonial y una realidad en contravía

En el contexto de un mundo cada vez más globalizado, que afecta en particular las ciudades de América Latina y que está orientado, entre otras cosas, a homogeneizar las prácticas de consumo, los bienes patrimoniales (materiales e inmateriales) son transformados en mercancía que añade valor a las ciudades que deben responder a la demanda por el interés que despiertan para el turismo internacional y para la sobrevivencia de algunas economías locales. Las acciones que se toman desde las instancias gubernamentales para la gestión del patrimonio tienden a ver sus valores desde una perspectiva instrumentalista que en la mayoría de los casos no considera las verdaderas necesidades de la población que habita estos lugares generando procesos de gentrificación o tomado acciones donde se tiende a petrificar las prácticas y a que se impongan simulacros orientados a complacer las expectativas de los turistas ávidos de consumir "cultura". La valoración, por tanto, requiere de visones más amplias donde se tenga una aproximación holística del territorio. En este sentido, la noción de paisaje contribuye a este propósito. Sin excluir otros tipos de valoración, la comprensión de un lugar patrimonial, desde esa noción de paisaje, permite abordar el problema desde diferentes aspectos y lograr un mejor reconocimiento para la planificación con el fin de poder tomar acciones de mayor pertinencia en la gestión de estos lugares.

ICT and the Sustainability of World Heritage Sites. Analysis of Senior Citizens’ Use of Tourism Apps

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and applications (apps) for tourists are key tools for the sustainability of World Cultural Heritage Sites (WCHS). Their integration into tourism marketing strategies poses challenges regarding the satisfaction of the expectations of the target stakeholders, particularly senior tourists, people aged 60 and over. This paper adopts an exploratory and descriptive approach that combines qualitative techniques (focus groups), to study the use senior citizens make of ICT and tourism apps, with quantitative ones. In this sense, content analysis has been performed on a sample of tourism apps. The results reveal that ICT are essential tools for senior tourists and positively influence tourists’ final perception of the travel experience. The analysis of these mobile apps shows that they meet the expectations of senior tourists, who constitute a relevant generation for cultural tourism and are of special interest for the sustainability of WCHS. The configuration and development of these tools must be adapted to this generation, which we call Generation W.

ТРАНСГРАНИЧНЫЙ ДАЧНЫЙ ТУРИЗМ: ОБЗОР РОССИЙСКОЙ ДАЧНОЙ МОБИЛЬНОСТИ В ФИНЛЯНДИИ

The article defines main motives of Russian second home tourism in Finland in the context of international trans-border mobility. Based on the theoretical approaches to motives of second home tourism, the article reveals motivations of Russian second home owners. Russian motives contrast other research results on the topic. Second home motives and trans-border mobility are presented in the context of societal discourse in Finland, which demonstrates contradictory opinions and expectations of Russian tourists and Finnish inhabitants.

Are tourists with higher expectation more sensitive to service performance? Evidence from urban tourism

Abstract This study aims to revisit the classic topic of tourist satisfaction formation in the context of urban tourism, and contribute to the dialogue by verifying an expectation-as-moderator paradigm. A model depicting the relationship between expectation, service performance, perceived value, and tourist satisfaction was constructed and tested based on three-year survey data collected from two major sectors of tourism industry in Hong Kong (accommodation and attraction), using Moderated Structural Equation Model. The results reveal that the moderation effect of tourist expectation exists in accommodation sector, but does not exist in attraction sector. The conclusion suggests that tourists with higher expectation towards accommodation service tend to be more sensitive to service performance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Senses by Seasons: Tourists’ Perceptions Depending on Seasonality in Popular Nature Destinations in Iceland

Seasonality in visitor arrivals is one of the greatest challenges faced by tourist destinations. Seasonality is a major issue for sustainable tourism as it affects the optimal use of investment and infrastructure, puts pressure on resources and can create negative experience of crowding at destinations. Peripheral areas commonly experience more pronounced fluctuations in visitor arrivals. Iceland is one of those destinations. Although the number of tourists visiting the country has multiplied in recent years, seasonality is still a major challenge, especially in the more rural peripheral areas of the country. Iceland’s high season for tourism occurs during its brief summer (June to August), but in recent years more people visit the country on shorter winter trips, creating new management challenges. This research is based on an on-site questionnaire survey conducted in seven popular nature destinations in Iceland which compares the experience of summer and winter visitors. The results show that winter visitors are more satisfied with the natural environment while their satisfaction with facilities and service is in many cases lower. The areas are generally perceived as being more beautiful and quieter in winter than in summer. However, most destinations are considered less accessible and less safe in the winter. Tourists are much less likely to experience physical crowding during winter, although winter visitors are more sensitive to crowds, most likely because of expectations of fewer tourists. Finally, this research shows that tourists are less likely to encounter negative effects of tourism on the environment in the winter, (e.g., erosion or damage to rocks and vegetation), than in summer. The results highlight the importance of understanding visitor perceptions in a seasonal and temporal context.

Consumption of a literary tourism place: a perspective of embodiment

With contemporary cultural transformation and the expansion of consumption, tourism has been elevated to embodied consumption of the entire tourist destination. This study examined the case of Liangshan in the Shandong province – the birthplace of the famous story of Water Margin in Chinese classical literature – to construct an analytical framework for the consumption of literary tourism. Using data collected from personal interviews and online blogs and analyzed by content analysis, this study determined the relational structure of literary tourist embodied consumption. Research findings revealed that the existence of literary works as a ‘preconstruction’ or ‘preunderstanding’ was an expectation of literary tourists. There were different dimensions of embodied consumption of literary tourism, which were interdependent and mutually permeating. Perception, imagination, understanding, and emotion are mutually evocative in the multisensory experience of a literary tourism place. This study contributes to theory by providing further understanding of literary tourists’ aesthetic experience of embodied consumption and offers implications for literary tourism resource development, local destination brand marketing, and the inheritance of humanistic values.

Tourism Perception Of General Toilet Hygiene In Objects And Tourist Attractions In Bali

This study aims to determine the perception of tourists on the cleanliness of public toilets in Tourist Objects and Attractions in Bali. The population of this study is all public toilets that are spread on the attractiveness of tourism in all districts and cities in Bali. The toilet samples used were 20 public toilets and a sample of 10 respondents from each toilet or equal to 200 people. Data collection methods used are interviews, observations, and questionnaires. Data analysis techniques used are qualitative descriptive and analysis of interest and performance levels. The results showed that tourists' perception of the cleanliness of public toilets on tourist objects and attractions in Bali was 2.18, which meant that the toilets were less clean. Tourist comments show smelly, dirty toilets, no tissue and no soap. The level of suitability between experience and tourist expectations of cleanliness and public toilet facilities at tourist attractions in Bali is 47%. This shows that only 47% of tourist expectations can be met. While the remaining 53% cannot be fulfilled

Identifying sensor placement problem in smart tourism through consumer-oriented approach

Tourism activities have shown a rapid growth depending on economic return. The ability to meet expectations in tourism services requires the collection of more information about consumers. Tourism sector has an important source of big data, and there has been a significant opportunity in terms of real-time customer-oriented services creation by using data sensor networks. In this context, it is important to determine sensors’ location to collect eligible information. It is necessary to create an effective consumer oriented solution with an optimal cost because of high number and variability of attractiveness. The aim of the research is determining the sensor placement criteria that can be used to collect most effective consumer attitude and behaviour information in order to create the smart tourism area. It was preferred to use the fuzzy AHP method because the information to be gathered contained multiple criteria, differed tourist expectations, and binary comparisons were included. It has been seen that “Direction to tourism attractions of destinations (gastro, entertainment, nature etc.) (attractiveness)” and “guide to popular tourist destination (popularity)” criteria are the main specifications of the locations for the sensor’ placement point according to attractiveness preferences of tourists.

HOMESTAY SEBAGAI FASILITAS PARIWISATA DARI PERSPEKTIF WISATAWAN DI KABUPATEN SAMOSIR

This research aims to know the perspective of tourists against the availability of the current homestay in Samosir. Research methods used in this research was the qualitative method with descriptive analysis techniques.In this study that will be scrutinized is the perspective of tourists against homestay Samosir Regency. Research findings: (1) the tourists prefer to stay in homestay than a hotel because of the cheaper cost.(2) the existing Services in the homestay or good already is in compliance with the expectations of tourists.(3) Yet the existence of the development of the homestay is located directly in the tourist area and there are several homestay has not been in accordance with the standard concept of homestay.

Uloga sportskog događaja u kreiranju turističke ponude Vrnjačke Banje

Tourism has huge and growing importance for the global economy, especially for the economies of developing countries. It represents the leading economic branch in many countries which is confirmed by the revenues they generate. However, there is an increasing emphasis on tourism events and a very large number of trips for satisfaction purposes that are associated with a particular event. Tourism is gaining great importance, but the expectations of tourists are also increasing, as well as their desire for specific experiences. In this way, these events contribute to attractiveness and to drawing tourists to certain places that they perhaps would never visit otherwise. They also have an influence on extending the stay at a destination and contribute to creating a reputation of a particular place, which enriches the tourist experience. The importance of organizing sports events is reflected in the fact that they can significantly affect the tourist offer of the destination. The subject of the paper is to examine the contribution of the organization and management of a martial arts manifestation to the tourist offer of a local community. The aim of the paper is to show that domestic consumption, although small, achieved in organizing such an event represents secure income for the destination.

Assessment of tourist satisfaction index: evidence from Armenia

he paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of tourist satisfaction evaluation. Satisfaction is the fulfilment of human needs. The distinction between tourist expectations and perceived performance shows the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction. If expectations exceed perceived performance, this means that the customer is satisfied. Satisfaction leads to loyalty and revisits. Hence, it is crucial to evaluate the satisfaction level of tourists and find out gaps. Systematization literary sources and approaches for solving the problem indicate that many countries have their indexes to measure customer satisfaction. The main purpose of the research is to measure tourist satisfaction in Armenia. Investigation of the topic in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence: the main literature was observed, the index and model of tourist satisfaction evaluation were elaborated for Armenia, and a survey was conducted among 385 incoming tourists during 2018. Methodological tools of the research methods were sociological survey, IPA analysis, CSAT, NPS methods. As a result of the calculations, the main issues of service quality were detected. The main results were analyzed using Importance-performance matrix. Also Customer satisfaction score and Net promoter score were calculated. The paper presents the results of an empirical analysis that shows the main gaps in the quality of tourism services

Reflecting on the human dimensions of wild dolphin tourism in marine environments

Purpose –Many studies report on the potential ecological impacts of wild dolphin tourism, risks to people, and economic benefits to local communities. Fewer studies report the social aspects (human dimensions) of dolphin tourism, such as visitor satisfaction and attitudes of participants. This communication postulates that human dimensions are an important consideration in any strategy to keep wild dolphin tourism operations sustainable by balancing the welfare of the dolphins and the desires and expectations of tourists to interact with these charismatic, iconic creatures. Methodology –This communication synthesizes learning gained from a recent quantitative systematic literature review of marine wildlife tourism, a previously unreported review of wild dolphin tourism literature, and a recent study from the Dolphin Discovery Centre in Bunbury, Western Australia. Findings–Human attitudes towards marine mammals ultimately reflect how dolphin tourism is developed and managed. It is therefore important to understand how people experience and perceive dolphin tourism. Wild dolphin tourism is of great value to local economies, tour operators, and visitors who enjoy those experiences. The potential impacts that can arise from dolphin tourism need to be understood and minimised by actions under the control of tour operators and government authorities. This is important to make the satisfaction visitors gain from such experiences worthwhile and to ensure the long-term sustainability of wild dolphin tourism experiences. Originality of the research –Most wild dolphin tourism research has an ecological focus. This communication demonstrates that equally important social research, concerned with understanding visitor awareness, knowledge, expectations, and satisfaction, has a vital role to play in developing best practice management for wild dolphin tourism experiences.

“Somos de marca”. Turismo y marca UNESCO en el Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial

The UNESCO brand represents an added value in cultural heritage and recently in intangible heritage. With this distinction you get a remarkable visibility and prerogatives in tourist destination offers that are not always developed in the same way, hence the need for its analysis. The present work addresses the theme of the UNESCO brand in Intangible Heritage and its relationship with tourism from a case study: the revitalization of traditional knowledge of artisanal lime in Moron de la Frontera (Seville, Andalusia), recognized program as an example of good safeguard practice, registered in the Register of Good Practices of UNESCO in 2011. Although exhibiting a heritage asset as a UNESCO brand (we are brand) is a recognition of prestige, we consider to what extent and in what way that recognition satisfies the tourist expectations that the local society may have.

Tourist Preferences and Satisfaction in Karangasem Virgin Beach, Bali

The development of Virgin Beach which has not been maximized has caused many complaints from tourists, both aspects of completeness of facilities, accessibility. Tourist preferences and satisfaction are important factors in developing Virgin Beach to make it better in the future. This study aims to find out the preferences and satisfaction of tourists in Virgin Beach, Karangasem, Bali. This type of research is descriptive quantitative, the number of samples of 40 visiting tourists taken using incidental sampling techniques. Questionnaires that are distributed using a Likert scale have been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics with the assessment categorization method based on the average score and IPA (importance performance analysis) with a method of looking for gaps between expectations and performance. The results of this study conclude that tourist preferences in Virgin Beach are good, have an average value of 3.6 in the interval of 3,5 - 4,2. While tourist satisfaction shows from 5 variables, namely: reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and tangible evidence, only responsiveness and assurance variables that have performance in accordance with tourist expectations and are able to satisfy tourists while physical evidence and reliability variables have lower performance from the expectations of tourists so that they have not been able to support the satisfaction of tourists on Virgin Beach and the empathy variable is not too expected by tourists to support their satisfaction at Virgin Beach. And it is necessary to develop from the aspect of tourist facilities, and improve service performance.

Kształtowanie przestrzeni rekreacyjnej Szczecina w działaniach podejmowanych przez władze miasta

Artykuł ma charakter empiryczny i prezentuje część badań prowadzonych w latach 2012–2017 w ramach projektu badawczego „Aktywność turystyczna i rekreacyjna mieszkańców na przykładzie Szczecina”. Rozważania stanowią ocenę działań podejmowanych przez władze miasta w zakresie kształtowania przestrzeni rekreacyjnej miasta, w kontekście zdiagnozowanych potrzeb i uwarunkowań. Przeprowadzone analizy wykazały, że wydatki miasta władz związane z kulturą fizyczną, turystyką i rekreacją systematycznie rosną, co wiąże się z podejmowaniem nowych projektów w zakresie rozwoju rekreacji. Świadczy to o dużym znaczeniu rekreacyjnego zagospodarowania miasta dla kompleksowo rozumianej jakości życia w mieście. Dodatkowym aspektem prowadzonych inwestycji w Szczecinie jest zmiana orientacji przestrzennej miasta i przywrócenie obszarom nadrzecznym ich rekreacyjnej funkcji. Ponadto stwierdzono, że prowadzone działania i projekty pozostają w ścisłej korelacji ze zdiagnozowanymi oczekiwaniami mieszkańców i turystów.

Tourist Expectations of Malaysian Shopping Mall Experiences

This paper reports on a qualitative research which was undertaken to explore tourists’ expectations of shopping experiences in Malaysia. Knowledge regarding the elements of tourists’ expectations about their shopping activity experiences in Malaysia is deficient amid the fact that shopping holds the second biggest share of tourist expenditure for Malaysia. Seven international tourists were intercepted in different shopping malls in Kuala Lumpur and responded to the questions, “what specific mall attributes do you desire when shopping?” and “what were your shopping expectations for the shopping experience that day?” Results from the research will be used to form items suggested for a quantitative survey which will be undertaken in a bigger study.

Food Choice Determinants of Island Tourists: an Implication Towards Sustainable Island Tourism

This study aims to investigate factors that influence food choice of international tourists at small island settings. In this study, Perhentian Island was selected as a representative of small islands as the island received the largest number of international tourists, particularly in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. A close-ended questionnaire survey was conducted at various tourism spots in Perhentian Island and a total of 173 international tourists were interviewed in this study. Descriptive analysis was applied to summarize the tourists profile and travel pattern. Satisfaction gap analysis generated important factors that influence food choice among island visitors. As the majority of the international tourists to island destinations in Malaysia were on a multi-destination vacation, the results of the study could be crucial to the real needs and expectations of island tourists in Malaysia. Finally, effective development and marketing strategies could be devised to enhance the growth of food tourism, targeting remote island destinations in Malaysia.

RURAL TOURIST EVENTS IN EUROPEAN DESTINATIONS

Rural tourism in Europe is a very important segment of the European tourism market, which is confirmed by numerous indicators. Rural areas are not just a food production base or underdeveloped areas, but for years they represent destinations of intense interest of tourists. The paper analyzes the tourist events of the developed European destinations, pointing out that a numerous trips resulting from satisfaction are precisely related to a particular event. Tourism is attached to a great importance, but also the expectations of tourists are growing, as well as their desire for specific experiences. As a positive example is Austria in function of the sustainable development of rural areas. Some parts of this country promote healthy food, rest and relaxation in healthy and preserved nature. Also, rural tourism in Spain is an important sector in the economic development of the country, with the more known events of the Bulls Race (Spanish: encierro), the Holy Sunday (Spanish: Semana Santa), Tomatina (Spanish: la Tomatina). Given that rural tourism has the potential to diversify the offer, various products have been developed that provide an adequate supply of France throughout the year such as summer festivals, crops, winter sports, cultural heritage and the like.

Images and Expectations of Chinese Tourists Visiting an Arctic Destination: Rovaniemi, Finnish Lapland

During the last years an increasing number of Chinese tourists are travelling to the Arctic regions. Rovaniemi in Finland is one of the most popular destinations among them. Here Chinese tourists, with a preconceived image of the Arctic, can enjoy clean air and nature, meet Santa Claus, see the Northern Lights, and thus meet their expectations.This paper is based on an online survey made in April and May 2016 among Chinese that went to visit Rovaniemi and its surroundings.Results show, among other things, that there are a growing number of tourists organising their own travel, and a higher demand for leisure activities. The level of satisfaction after the experience is pretty good, and the expectations, according to the pre-formed images, are fulfilled.

Russian-speaking tour guide’s language mastery: mastering foreign language for quality service assurance

A professional tour guide is regarded as a front-liner of the tourism and the ambassador of his/her country. Therefore, the performance of a tour guide is very important as a quality assurance of services in order to fulfil the tourists’ satisfaction. This study aims at investigating the mastery level of the tour guide’s Russian language related to the quality assurance of uniform services in meeting the tourists’ satisfaction. By applying a descriptive qualitative research, the data was collected through observation, interview, and document review. The theory used to undertake this study is communicative competence (grammar, sociolinguistics, and communicative strategic). The study reveals that the mastery of Russian language for a professional tour guide has been proven to meet the expectation of Russian tourists to get the excellent service as a quality assurance to provide the tourist satisfaction so that products prepared by travel agents and purchased by the tourist are carried out properly.&nbsp