Excellent Resolution Research Articles

Development and Validation of Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method and Characterization of Degradation Products of Anti-neoplastic Agent by LCMS-MS

In present research a stability indicating reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was developed and validated for quantification of azacitidine and its degradants. The chromatographic isolation of azacitidine carried out using Phenominex C18 (150×4.6 mm, 5 μ) column, movable phase of 0.1% HCOOH in water and acetonitrile (30:70 v/v), at a flowing rate of 1-mL/min analyzed at 210 nm. The %recovery findings ranged between of 99.13–99.41%. The limit of detection (LoD), and limit of quantitation (LoQ)values were assessed from the rectilinear plot and were found to be 3.78 and 15.12 μg/mL. The regression equation of the linearity curve was found to be y = 851.76x + 310.38 and r2 value of 0.9998. The samples were subjected to stress degradation and characterized by three acid degradation products by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) - DPI, DPII, and DPIII. The stationary phase and movable system attained excellent resolution as chromatographic isolation and structure identification was accomplished using LC-MS/MS fragmentation

A bubble-enhanced lanthanide-doped up/down-conversion platform with tumor microenvironment response for dual-modal photoacoustic and near-infrared-II fluorescence imaging

As an important tumor diagnosis strategy in precision medicine, multimodal imaging has been widely studied. However, the weak imaging signal with low spatial resolution and the constant signal of lack of specific activation severely limit its disease diagnosis. Herein, a bubble-enhanced lanthanide-based up/down-conversion platform with tumor microenvironment response for dual-mode imaging, LDNP@DMSN-Au@CaCO3 nanoparticles (named as LDAC NPs) were successfully developed. Combining the advantages of photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and the second near-infrared window (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging (FI), significantly improved the accuracy of diseases diagnosis. LDAC NPs with flower-like structure were synthesized through the encapsulation of uniform lanthanide-doped nanoparticles (NaYbF4:Ce,Er@NaYF4 named LDNPs) with dendritic mesoporous silica (DMSN). The gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were then in situ grown on the surface of DMSN and the surface were finally coated with a layer of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Under the excitation of the 980 nm laser, LDNPs showed strong emission of NIR-II at 1550 nm due to the doping of Ce and Er ions, showcasing excellent spatial resolution and deep tissue penetration characteristics, while the resulting visible light emission (540 nm) enables Au NPs to generate PAI signals with the aid of LDNPs via the fluorescence resonance energy transfer effect. In acidic tumoral environment, CaCO3 layer could produce CO2 microbubbles, and the PAI signals of LDAC NPs could be further enhanced with the generation of CO2 bubbles due to the bubble cavitation effect. Simultaneously, the NIR-II FI of LDAC NPs was self-enhanced with the degradation of the CaCO3. This intelligent nanoparticle with stimulus-activated dual-mode imaging capability holds great promise in future precision diagnostics.

Ultrastrong Infrared Emission at 1460 nm from Lanthanide-Doped Nanoparticles with Interfacial Sensitization.

Fluorescent imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II; 1000-1700 nm) has recently received tremendous attention due to its excellent tissue probing depths and high resolution. Under NIR pumping, lanthanide-doped nanoparticles can emit infrared light covering a wide range of 800-3000 nm which has good potential for NIR-II imaging and detection. However, the low efficiency hinders their application. Here, we report intense infrared emission at 1460 nm from lanthanide-doped core/shell nanoparticles with efficient interfacial sensitization. The emitter Tm3+ ion and the sensitizer Yb3+ and Nd3+ ions are spatially separated in core and shells so that the efficient interfacial energy transfer is established between Tm3+ and Yb3+/Nd3+ ions, while thermal vibration spread of high concentration of Yb3+ ions and cross-relaxation among Tm3+, Yb3+, and Nd3+ ions are suppressed. As a result, the ultrastrong NIR-II emission at 1460 nm is achieved, which is more than 100-times that in classic core/shell nanoparticles doped with Tm3+ (NaYF4:20%Yb,0.5%Tm@ NaYF4).

SQUID-based superconducting microcalorimeter with in situ tunable gain

Cryogenic microcalorimeters are outstanding tools for x-ray spectroscopy due to their unique combination of excellent energy resolution and close to 100% detection efficiency. While well-established microcalorimeter concepts have already proven impressive performance, their energy resolution has yet to improve to be competitive with cutting-edge wavelength-dispersive grating or crystal spectrometers. We hence present an innovative SQUID-based superconducting microcalorimeter with an in situ tunable gain as alternative concept that is based on the strong temperature dependence of the magnetic penetration depth of a superconductor operated close to its critical temperature. Measurements using a prototype device show no sign for any hysteresis effects that often spoil the performance of superconducting microcalorimeters. Moreover, our predictions of the achievable energy resolution show that a competitive energy resolution O(300 meV) with a suitable combination of absorber and sensor material should be easily possible.

The narrow-line region properties of ESO 138-G001 unveiled by SOAR/SIFS observations

ABSTRACT We study in detail the inner ∼600 pc of the Seyfert 2 galaxy ESO 138-G001 by means of the Soar Integral Field Spectrograph attached to the SOAR telescope. This source is known for displaying a very rich coronal line spectrum and a blob of high-excitation emission ∼3 arcsec south-east (SE) of the active galactic nucleus (AGN). The nature of this emission has not been fully understood yet. The excellent spatial and spectral resolution of SIFS allows us to confirm that the bulk of the coronal line forest emission region is very compact, of ∼0.8 arcsec in diameter, centred on the AGN and most likely powered by radiation from the AGN. In addition, evidence of a nuclear outflow, restricted to the inner 1 arcsec centred at the nucleus is found based on the detection of broad components in the most important emission lines. The gas in the inner few tens of parsecs filters out the AGN continuum so that the NLR is basically illuminated by a modified SED. This scenario is confirmed by means of photoionization models that reproduce the most important lines detected in the SIFS field of view. From the modelling, we also found that the black hole mass MBH of the AGN is about 105.50 M⊙, in agreement with previous X-ray observations. The spectrum of the SE blob is dominated by emission lines of low- to mid-ionization, with no hints of coronal lines. Our results show that it represents gas in the ionization cone that is photoionized by the filtered central AGN continuum.

Effects of different manufacturing techniques on the performance of planar antennas

This study investigates antenna performance based on its manufacturing process. Two types of planar antennas are manufactured on FR-4 dielectric using three different techniques: traditional lithography, laser ablation, and the novel SSAIL (selective surface activation by laser) technique. Various characteristics, such as reflection coefficient, gain, half-power beamwidth, and surface conductivity, are measured to compare the results. These findings offer invaluable insights for choosing the most suitable antenna manufacturing technique, particularly since the SSAIL technique has not been previously compared to alternative methods in the context of antenna production. In both types of antennas, the highest gain is achieved using laser ablation, with the slot-loaded patch antenna reaching 8.5 dBi and the Yagi-Uda antenna reaching 9.76 dBi. Antennas manufactured using SSAIL technology are notable for their excellent resolution and usefulness in constructing structures on non-metallized dielectrics.

On nonparaxial single-pixel imaging of semitransparent objects using flat diffractive optics

High numerical apertures can result in distortions appearing in a single-shot image, rendering the acquisition of usable images challenging, if not outright impossible. However, in the realm of single-pixel imaging, various strategies can be employed to effectively inspect objects with an excellent resolution, contrast and brightness. Recent advancements in flat photonic components have facilitated the development of compact nonparaxial imaging systems, which show great promise, particularly in the THz range of wavelengths. These innovations hold the potential to advance fields such as communication, material inspection and spectroscopy. In this study, we delve into the imaging of semi-transparent objects with varying levels of detail. Furthermore, we introduce a nonparaxial design for a flat hyperbolical lens and evaluate its performance in these imaging scenarios, comparing it to structured illumination techniques involving Airy, Bessel, and common thin lens configurations. We present findings regarding potential improvements in imaging attributable to the nonparaxial hyperbolical lens.

Three-dimensional refractive index microscopy based on the multi-layer propagation model with obliquity factor correction

Multi-layer propagation model-based intensity diffraction tomography (IDT) is a three-dimensional (3D) microscopy imaging technique to reveal the structural information of optically thick or multiple scattering samples. However, the performance of existing multi-layer propagation models deteriorates with increasing illumination angle, which can prevent good 3D refractive index (RI) imaging. To overcome this limitation, we incorporate the obliquity factor (OF) into the multi-layer propagation model. Numerical simulation validates that the forward propagation and the RI reconstruction both can be considerably improved. Then, the 3D RI reconstruction performance is quantitatively and qualitatively validated by optical experiments on polystyrene microspheres and peony pollen grains, respectively. In addition, excellent optical sectioning and high spatial resolution are experimentally demonstrated on various unlabeled fixed and living samples, including an Arabidopsis root, HeLa and HCT-116 cells. Time-lapse 3D imaging of living samples is performed for the first time for multi-layer propagation model-based IDT, demonstrating its potential application to some biological and medical studies.

Triphenylamine-substituted BODIPY dye based photoinitiators for free radical and cationic photopolymerization under visible LED irradiation and application in 3D printing

Until now the photopolymerization process is largely dependent on the hazardous UV or near UV light irradiation. Herein this work, a series of boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) derivatives substituted by electron-donating triphenylamine moiety on different positions were introduced and investigated thoroughly. Markedly, their photoinitiation abilities under mild conditions, e.g. visible LEDs irradiation and room temperature, were examined for the first time. In combination with an iodonium salt and an amine as the co-initiators, these BODIPY dyes could form three-component photoinitiating systems (PISs) for the purpose to initiate both the free radical polymerization of acrylate monomers and cationic polymerization of epoxy monomers. Interestingly, under the irradiation of LED@405 nm, LED@530 nm or LED@660 nm, some of these BODIPYs-based PISs could conduct high monomeric conversion and rapid photopolymerization rates, as reflected by the relevant photopolymerization kinetics. Then the notable photochemical reactivity of these BODIPY dyes was examined by both steady state photolysis and fluorescence quenching experiments, and theoretical calculation was also performed on them in details. Finally, photocuring 3D printing technique was applied to the acrylate/epoxy mixture resin, as the result the BODIPYs-based PISs demonstrated great potential to fabricate truly three-dimensional objects in macroscopic scale with excellent spatial resolution.

Silicon-Based Avalanche Photodiodes: Advancements and Applications in Medical Imaging

Avalanche photodiodes have emerged as a promising technology with significant potential for various medical applications. This article presents an overview of the advancements and applications of avalanche photodiodes in the field of medical imaging. Avalanche photodiodes offer distinct advantages over traditional photodetectors, including a higher responsivity, faster response times, and superior signal-to-noise ratios. These characteristics make avalanche photodiodes particularly suitable for medical-imaging modalities that require a high detection efficiency, excellent timing resolution, and enhanced spatial resolution. This review explores the key features of avalanche photodiodes, discusses their applications in medical-imaging techniques, and highlights the challenges and future prospects in utilizing avalanche photodiodes for medical purposes. Special attention is paid to the recent progress in silicon-compatible avalanche photodiodes.

Comparative study for chiral separation of Atracurium besylate isomers: Eco-friendly HPLC using Lux Cellulose-3 chiral column, and TLC-Densitomerty approaches

Liquid chromatography offers an efficient strategy for chiral drug separation using specific stationary phases or mobile solvent additives. Two approaches are performed for Atracurium besylate (ATR) chiral separation involving three isomers (cis-cis, cis-trans, trans-trans isomers). The initial method depended on reversed phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) employing Lux Cellulose-3 as a chiral stationary phase (CSP) and acetonitrile: water (90:10, v/v) as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.7 mL min−1 with UV detection at 280.0 nm. The obtained peaks of ATR isomers were fairly separated with excellent resolution values. The isomer ratio was found to be 57.89% cis-cis, 36.57% cis-trans, 5.54% trans-trans (expected ratio 55.0–60.0%: 34.5–38.5%: 5.00–6.50%, respectively). Linearity, precision and accuracy were proven to be acceptable over the concentration range of (10.0–100.0 μg mL−1) ATR. Utilizing CSP provided the best separation within short analysis time (3 min) and decreased the waste generation when compared to other reported methods. The alternative method was based on thin layer chromatography (TLC) chiral separation using β-cyclodextrin sulphated sodium salt (S-β-CD) as a chiral mobile phase additive. The separation was achieved on silica gel plates using acetonitrile: methanol: water: ethyl acetate: 1% acetic acid (5:2:1.5:1:0.5, by volume) as a developing system. The linear regression analysis data were assessed for the regression line in the range (1.0–15.0 μg band−1) of racemic ATR. The two proposed methods have been validated for ATR chiral separation in commercial vials, following the relevant FDA and ICH guidelines. The obtained results were statistically compared with those of the official HPLC method showing that there was no significant difference.

Status and prospects of the PandaX-III experiment

The PandaX-III experiment searches for neutrinoless double beta decay of 136Xe with a high-pressure xenon gaseous time projection chamber (TPC). Thermal-bonding Micromegas modules are used for charge collection. Benefitting from the excellent energy resolution and imaging capability, the background rate can be significantly suppressed through the topological information of events. The technology is successfully demonstrated by a prototype detector. The final detector has been constructed. In this paper, we will report the status of the PandaX-III experiment, including the construction and commissioning of the final detector, and the Micromegas-based TPC performance test in the prototype detector.

Scintillation properties of [formula omitted]:[formula omitted] crystals grown by Cz, EFG and Bridgman methods with a multifunctional melt growth furnace

Cs3Cu2I5:Tl is a novel scintillator boasting high density, a substantial light yield, and excellent energy resolution, making it promising for applications in gamma-ray spectroscopy. In this paper, we developed a multi-functional melt growth furnace capable of convenient configuration for the Czochralski (Cz), Edge-defined Film-fed (EFG), and Bridgman methods. We successfully grew Cs3Cu2I5:Tl crystals using the Cz, EFG, and Bridgman methods, yielding crystal sizes of Φ15 mm, Φ12 mm, and Φ30 mm, respectively. The obtained crystals exhibit satisfactory crystalline quality, although they are susceptible to cracks during the cooling, cutting, and polishing processes. Samples are taken from the crystals to undergo analysis to investigate their optical and scintillation properties. Findings indicate that our Cs3Cu2I5:Tl possess a large Stokes shift of 175 nm with nearly no spectral overlap between the PLE and PL spectra. The radioluminescence emission peaked at 505 nm, accompanied by a scintillation decay time of 828 ns. The samples exhibited a commendable energy resolution of 4.8% at 662 KeV and a high light yield of 83000 ph/MeV when coupled with a PMT. This study validates the viability of employing CZ and EFG methods for the growth of Cs3Cu2I5:Tl crystal, in addition to showcasing the Bridgman method for the growth of centimeter-scale Cs3Cu2I5:Tl crystals.

Estimate of fetal brain temperature using proton resonance frequency thermometry during 3 Tesla fetal magnetic resonance imaging.

T2-weighted Single Shot Fast Spin Echo (SSFSE) scans at 3 Tesla (3T) are increasingly used to image fetal pathology due to their excellent tissue contrast resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Temperature changes that may occur in response to radio frequency (RF) pulses used for these sequences at 3T have not been studied in human fetal brains. To evaluate the safety of T2-weighted SSFSE for fetal brains at 3T, magnetic resonance (MR) thermometry was used to measure relative temperature changes in a typical clinical fetal brain MR exam. Relative temperature was estimated using sets of gradient recalled echo (GRE) images acquired before and after T2-weighted SSFSE images which lasted 27.47±8.19 minutes. Thirty-one fetuses with cardiac abnormalities, and 20 healthy controls were included in this study. Fetal brain temperature was estimated by proton resonance frequency (PRF) thermometry and compared to the estimated temperature in the gluteal muscle of the mother. Seven scans with excessive motion were excluded. Local outlier factor (LOF) was performed to remove 12 additional scans with spurious phase measurements due to motion degradation and potential field drift. Linear regression was performed to determine if temperature changes are dependent on the rate of energy deposition during the scan. For the 32 participants used in the analysis, 17 with cardiac abnormalities and 15 healthy controls, the average relative fetal temperate change was 0.19±0.73 ℃ higher than the mother, with no correlation between relative temperature change and the rate of images acquired during the scans (regression coefficient =-0.05, R-squared =0.05, P=0.22, F-statistic =1.60). The difference in the relative temperature changes between the fetal brain and mother's gluteal tissue in the healthy controls was on average 0.08 ℃ lower and found not to be statistically different (P=0.76) to the group with cardiac abnormalities. Our results indicate that the estimated relative temperature changes of the fetal brain compared to the mother's gluteal tissue from RF pulses during the course of the T2-weighted SSFSE fetal MR exam are minimal. The differences in acquired phase between these regions through the exam were found not to be statistically different. These findings support that fetal brain imaging at 3T is within FDA limits and safe.

Determination and Method Optimization of Lianjie Liyan Compound Mixture

Euchresta japonica, Platycodon grandiflorum, Belamcanda chinensis, and Adenophora tetraphylla are the four medicinal substances that make up the Lianjie Liyan compound mixture, a type of compound preparation for treating throat diseases such as pharyngitis and laryngeal carcinoma. The preparation has been used clinically for a long time and has been proven that it has curative properties in terms of alleviating pain and other symptoms. However, no quality control research on this preparation has been done yet. The pharmacological components in the main quality control standards, including Oxymatrine, matrine, N-methylcytisine, platycoside-D in Platycodon grandiflorum, and irisaxanthin in Shegan, were analyzed to further standardize the clinically rational use of this preparation and prevent the occurrence of adverse reactions and side effects. In this study, the five active components in the mixture were determined concurrently for the first time with the help of Box-Behnken design and response surface approach. The properties of established model showed excellent resolution and sensitivity, good reproducibility and speed, and accurate prediction thanks to the optimization of HPLC measurement conditions. The established approach was precise and trustworthy, and it offered helpful support and references for the construction of the Lianjie Liyan compound mixture as well as for the quality control.

Autonomous monitoring of traffic, rail, and industrial noise using acoustic vector beamformers based on 3D MEMS accelerometers

Fully unattended acoustic monitoring has been hindered by the need to automatically discriminate specific sources from overall noise levels at a measurement location, even if that noise is very close in proximity. Existing 3D microphone-based acoustic intensity or camera solutions are unwieldy and expensive for real-time deployments. A new system has been developed for autonomously monitoring noise levels in transportation and industrial settings, managed within an IoT network. Each measurement node has one or two Acoustic Real-time Event Sensors (ARES) and a beamformer algorithm using 3D MEMS accelerometer-enabled Acoustic Vector Sensing (AVS) technology. Beamforming enables the system to focus on specific areas or sources of noise, delivering more precise monitoring and identification of noise sources, useful for noise reduction efforts and compliance with noise regulations. Deploying 3D accelerometers, rather than microphone arrays, in the beamformer provides improved system performance and environmental protection, with reductions in array size, cost, and unwanted sidelobes. ARES beamformer array apertures occupy just 1 cm for a single sensor, or 13 cm for 2 sensors, and can distinguish sources in frequencies from 50 to 2 kHz with excellent angular resolution, in real-time. Example traffic and rail noise applications are presented.

Comparing the Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasonography, CT, MRI, and PET/CT in Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

(1) Background: In oral cancer staging, ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) are routinely used in clinical practice. The present study is a retrospective examination of the diagnostic accuracy of cervical lymph node metastasis using US, CT, MRI, and PET/CT, with histopathological diagnosis as a reference, to compare the different diagnostic imaging modalities. (2) Methods: The participants included 16 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma who underwent US-, CT-, MRI-, and PET/CT-based preoperative diagnostic imaging and simultaneous primary lesion resection and neck dissection, including 82 level regions and 424 lymph nodes. We compared the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of each imaging modality based on the imaging results and the pathology results of metastasis. (3) Results: Of the four diagnostic imaging modalities, PET/CT exhibited the highest sensitivity but the lowest specificity and accuracy. US, CT, and MRI had high specificities. Comparing each level region and lymph node showed that differences were observed in PET/CT. (4) Conclusions: PET/CT to diagnose lymph node metastasis requires a comprehensive evaluation because it produces more false positives than other diagnostic imaging modalities. Using US, CT, and MRI, which have excellent spatial resolution, improves diagnostic accuracy at the lymph node level.

Recanalization status and temporal evolution of early ischemic changes following stroke thrombectomy.

Present-day computer tomography (CT) scanners have excellent spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio and are instrumental detecting early ischemic changes (EIC) in brain. We assessed the temporal changes of EIC based on the recanalization status after thrombectomy. The cohort comprises consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke in anterior circulation treated with thrombectomy in tertiary referral hospital. All baseline and follow-up scans were screened for any ischemic changes and further classified using Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS). Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the impact of recanalization status using modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) on temporal evolution of ischemic changes. We included 614 patients with ICA, M1, or M2 occlusions. Median ASPECTS score was 9 (IQR 7-10) at baseline and 7 (5-8) at approximately 24 h. mTICI 3 was achieved in 207 (33.8%), 2B 241 (39.3%), 2A in 77 (12.6%), and 0-1 in 88 (14.3%) patients. Compared to patients with mTICI 3, those with mTICI 0-1 and 2A had less favorable temporal changes of ASPECTS (p < 0.001). Effect of recanalization was noted in the cortical regions of ICA/M1 patients, but not in their deep structures or patients with M2 occlusions. All ischemic changes detected at baseline were also present at all follow-up images, regardless of the recanalization status. Temporal evolution of the ischemic changes and ASPECTS are related to the success of the recanalization therapy in cortical regions of ICA/M1 patients, but not in their deep brain structures or M2 patients. In none of the patients did EIC revert in any brain region after successful recanalization.

A Spatiotemporal Cascade Platform for Multidimensional Information Encryption and Anti‐Counterfeiting Mechanisms

AbstractThe efficient collaboration of light tunability and intelligent deformation of fluorescent materials can create an advanced spatiotemporal cascade platform that enables multi‐level and multidimensional information storage and encryption. Here, cellulose‐based dynamic double‐network hydrogels with excitation‐dependent (Ex‐De) behavior are proposed. The mechanism of multi‐channel radiative relaxation and multiple excited state transition of the photoactive component 4′‐([2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridin]−4′‐yl)‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]−4‐carbaldehyde (TPy‐CHO) has been established, and a desirable regulation of excitation energy (wavelength, intensity) on the time scale for multi‐level encryption has been achieved. Notably, the dense hydrogen bonds and non‐covalent interactions in polymer networks not only enhance the Ex‐De behavior, but also provide excellent optical resolution and richer polychromic fluorescence. Even ideal cold white fluorescence is obtained through energy transfer between organic (TPy‐CHO) and inorganic (lanthanide ion) hybrid materials. Simultaneously, this unique network structure endows the hydrogel with temperature‐mediated self‐healing, controllable shape programming behavior and anti‐swelling ability, allowing to achieve dynamic multidimensional information encryption capability. The encoded information can reversibly emerge and disappear, allowing for instantaneous on‐demand decryption and intelligent re‐writability. As a result, a promising multi‐level and multidimensional synergistic anti‐counterfeiting mechanism is established through the cascade process of “spatial security‐ light trigger‐ fluorescence multilevel output‐temporal rewriting”.

A validated RP-UPLC method for estimation of Samidorphan and Olanzapine in mixed powder and combined tablets

Back groundThe key objective of the research study is to develop a new stability-indicating RP-UPLC approach to determine the presence of Samidorphan and Olanzapine simultaneously in bulk and their combination. A successful separation of Samidorphan and Olanzapine was achieved by using HSS column C18 (100 × 2.1 mm), a mobile phase of 0.1% orthophospharic acid: Acetonitrile (70:30 v/v), flow rate of 0.3 mL/min, and detection wavelength of 230 nm. The stability of the analytes in bulk and dosage forms was evaluated using extreme forced conditions, such as hydrolysis with acid and base, peroxide oxidation, and heat degradation, following ICH guidelines.ResultsOlanzapine and Samidorphan had retention times of 0.46 and 0.93 min, respectively. Olanzapine and Samidorphan have linear responses from the proposed method in the concentration ranges of 5–30 µg/mL and 2.5–15 µg/mL, respectively. The computed detection and quantification limits for Olanzapine were 0.22 µg/mL and 0.471 µg/mL, and for Samidorphan were 0.12 µg/mL and 0.36 µg/mL. All method validation parameters have complied with the ICH guidelines' Q2 acceptance limits. The stability representing the feature of the approach has been seen with the excellent resolution among the Olanzapine and Samidorphan and degradation products.ConclusionThe suggested RP-UPLC method was extremely sensitive, precise, and stable-indicating. The technique can potentially be used in the production of Olanzapine and Samidorphan for routine analysis in the quality control department.Graphical abstract