Excel Program Research Articles

Proposal for the implementation of the DMAIC methodology as a tool to improve productivity in the manufacturing area of an organic chocolate company – 2022

Productivity is an indicator that allows calculating the capacity of organizations to use their resources to generate goods or services and, at the same time, to diagnose the state of the company generated by different internal and external factors. For this reason, manufacturing companies have to improve the productivity of their processes to obtain their final product through management tools and thus remain in the market. For this reason, this study proposes to determine how the application of the DMAIC methodology intervenes in the improvement of productivity in the manufacturing process of a company dedicated to the manufacture of organic chocolates, year 2022.the research was applied, it was carried out under a pre-experimental design, with a descriptive-explanatory level having as population the production of organic chocolates during 26 days and a sample of 13 days that corresponds to the period after applying the improvements. This sample was obtained by the data collection method and for its processing the Excel program was used. As a result of this study, it was obtained that with the implementation of the DMAIC methodology, productivity had an average increase of 1,75 %, going from 92,32 % to 94,07 % after applying the improvements. Regarding the elements of productivity, an average increase of 0,89 % in efficiency and 0,93 % in effectiveness was obtained. It is concluded that the DMAIC methodology as an improvement tool significantly intervenes in the increase of productivity in the processes and that its application should be of knowledge for other organizations in the manufacturing sector

ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВО УЗБЕКИСТАНА И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ЕГО РАЗВИТИЯ ПУТЕМ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ РАЦИОНОВ КОРМЛЕНИЯ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ ТАБЛИЦ

The Republic of Uzbekistan livestock and poultry farming state’s general overview in recent years and the main problems of its development is given. The full fledged detailed feeding role and its importance through the modern technologies for rations’ preparation, taking into account the of nutrients, breeding work with farm animals and poultry actual content through the simple and affordable rations by computer technology and digital technologies using creation are shown. To organize farm animals and poultry’s full fledged detailed feeding on private and small farms, a simple program is offered using of which is available for any farmer. At rations compiling within the Microsoft Excel program framework on one sheet by data on nutrition and the amount of feed entering, you can create a rations for any type of farm animals and poultry, taking into account their production and physiological state. At additional data input, the program will also allow to analyze this rations according to such indicators as energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate and mineral content, and as well as their ratio. The compilation of scientifically based rations by simple and accessible computer programs will allow to obtain maximum amount of livestock and poultry products in the Republic of Uzbekistan at their quality improving. By this program using the farmer enters normative or factual data on his nutritional value for farm feed, species’ feeding standards, production and physiological condition of farm animals and poultry. If desired, in this program, it can be analyzed the rations compiling, its disadvantages and advantages identifying, and it can also enter data on feed prices into the program in order to the compiled rations’ cost estimating. This simple ration preparation will allow to improve small farm livestock and poultry feeding, that will have a positive impact on genetic potential manifestation and farm animals and poultry production to increase.

Elaboração e validação de Instrumento de Identificação de Assédio Sexual de Estudantes de Medicina (IIASEM)

Abstract Introduction: Sexual harassment is a reality that permeates hierarchical and gender power relations, and although noticeable in the medical and academic environment, it is considered a silenced violence that causes organic and psychological harm, with great consequences for the victim. Objective: To develop and validate an instrument to identify the occurrence of sexual harassment in medical students. Method: This instrument was developed, after reviewing the literature on the subject, with Likert-type responses at five option levels, which has two parts: the first with information on the participants’ sociodemographic and academic characteristics and the second containing 21 items grouped into three dimensions: forms of harassment, facilitating factors and identification of the harasser in the academic environment and in hospital practice. Semantic and content validation was carried out by consensus of experts and FACE validation was carried out by a focal group of 12 students, two from each year of the course. To verify reliability, the instrument was sent to 1,146 medical students once a week for four weeks, with 350 (30.5%) students responding to the Test following the recommendation for psychometric studies. After 15 days, the Retest was started with the 350 Test respondents, following the same submission chronology to verify stability. In the Retest, 69 responses were obtained. The Excel program version 16 was used to create the database and the Stata statistical program version 13 was used for the analysis. The instrument was applied online using the LimeSurvey free software. Results: The reliability of the instrument was evidenced by a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.8163 and 0.7826 for Test and Retest, respectively. For the verification of stability, the Stuart-Maxwell test was used, which showed a value of p = 0.126 and the weighted Kappa, where the result of all 21 assertions are contained in the confidence interval, demonstrating the homogeneity of the distribution of the average scores between the Test and the Retest. Conclusions: The validated instrument proved to be reliable and stable and can be used in medical schools to identify sexual harassment in medical students.

АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ ПРОЦЕССА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ОТЧЕТНОСТИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ ЯЗЫКА PYTHON И MS EXCEL

The article is an overview of the use of Python and MS Excel programming language tools to automate the reporting process in an organization. The authors discuss methods and techniques for using Python to collect, process, and analyze data, as well as generate reports. Particular attention is paid to the integration of Python with MS Excel, which allows you to combine the powerful analytical capabilities of Python with the convenience and flexibility of Excel spreadsheets. The article provides Python code examples and explains steps to create automated reports using tools from both platforms. This approach can significantly increase the efficiency of the reporting process and reduce the likelihood of errors by automating routine tasks. In addition, the article highlights the benefits of using Python, such as the ability to work with large amounts of data, create custom functions and scripts for specialized analytical tasks. This approach allows organizations to significantly reduce the time spent on reporting preparation and improve the quality of its analysis.

An Exploration of Cultural impediments, Adjustments, and academic motivations of Pakistani Undergraduate Students at China

The present study aims to unveil the motivations and experiences of Pakistani undergraduate students at China. The research questions of the study were what are the intellectual, economic, and cultural factors that motivate young Pakistanis to pursue educational possibilities in China, how various challenges encountered by Pakistani students in China, including language hurdles, cultural adjustment, academic adjustments, and socio-economic challenges. The universe of the study was Multan city and unit of analysis was those students who have accomplished their undergraduate studies from China in the diverse range of academic realm from natural and social science students. Researchers used purposive sampling to obtain the data from the concerned respondents and the interview guide was used as a tool to collect the data. The saturation point of the study was 7 respondents (4 males, 3 females). The study concluded that key motivator is a thirst for cultural exploration, as well as specialized academic programmes, economic prospects, and the perceived quality of education. Academic and personal development can take root in China because to its diverse cultural offerings, abundant international chances, and excellent educational programmes. The study is novel to formulate policies and practices for attaining human capital in context of growth and productivity.

Quais os principais motivos da não comparência aos exames de Saúde no Trabalho? Estudo observacional numa instituição hospitalar pública

Introduction Non-attendance at medical appointments is a widely recognized problem in healthcare systems, and it is associated with various factors. Occupational health examinations have distinct characteristics from medical appointments in other specialties due to their mandatory nature, legally required for both the employer and the employee. However, despite efforts, a considerable number of absences persist. Objectives To understand the underlying reasons for absences from these examinations. Methodology This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in a public hospital institution. Employees of the hospital who missed their appointments in the first half of 2023 were contacted in July of the same year to conduct a telephone survey consisting of three multiple-choice questions related to the study’s theme. Microsoft Excel and SPSS Statistics programs were used for data analysis. Results A total of 278 absences were identified during the aforementioned period out of a total of 1589 scheduled health examinations, resulting in an absenteeism rate of 17.5%. Among the 212 telephone responses obtained, the primary reasons for non-compliance with occupational health examinations were mainly due to absence caused by acute illness, vacation, or time off, accounting for 20.3% of occurrences (n=43); lack of awareness of the appointment or it not occurring in a timely manner, representing 19.8% of responses (n=42); prolonged absence due to chronic illness, pregnancy, or parental leave, comprising 17.9% (n=38); inability to be absent from work in 16.5% of cases (n=35), and forgetfulness in approximately 12.7% (n=27). Additionally, only 26.9% of the workers rescheduled their health examination. Approximately 59.9% of the working population considers themselves insufficiently informed about the purpose and importance of health examinations, as well as the areas of Occupational Health intervention, showing receptiveness to further training in this area. Conclusion This study provided a deeper understanding of the underlying reasons for absences from occupational health examinations, opening an opportunity for the implementation of interventions aimed at minimizing this organizational problem, which has a substantial impact on the surveillance of workers’ health. KEYWORDS: health examinations; absences; occupational health; occupational medicine.

PSYCHOSOMATIC MANIFESTATIONS OF MILITARY PSYCHOTRAUMA

Introduction. War is a super-powerful extreme event that causes adaptive capacity to decline. The need for a clearer understanding of the specifics of war psychotrauma and its clinical consequences for all components of human health determines the relevance of the topic of this study.
 The aim of the work is to study the peculiarities of psychosomatic relationships in persons with the consequences of war psychotrauma.
 Materials and methods. The experimental study group consisted of 32 patients from the number of temporarily displaced persons, the control group – 34 patients who did not change their place of residence during the entire period of the full-scale war. The diagnosis was aimed at identifying neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders, according to the rubric (F40-F48) of the ICD-10. Assessment of the somatic condition was carried out on the basis of analysis of anamnestic data, clinical examination of the patient and indicators of laboratory tests. Psychodiagnostic methods were used to assess the mental states of patients (Clinical Questionnaire for the Detection and Assessment of Neurotic States; Methodology for the express diagnosis of neurosis by K. Heck and H. Hess; Questionnaire SAN (Mood, Activity, Mood); Methodology for the diagnosis of Taylor's anxiety level; Self-assessment of mental states according to Eysenck; Ch. Spibleger's Reactive and Personal Anxiety Assessment Scale in the modification of Y. Hanin. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out in the Microsoft Excel program and with the help of the Social Science Statistics online calculator.
 Results. As a result of the analysis of anamnestic data, clinical examination and analysis of laboratory tests, psychosomatic disorders were found in patients of both research groups: in 29 (90.63%) patients of the experimental group and in 26 (74.47%) patients of the control group.
 Conclusions. It has been confirmed that a prolonged stressful extreme situation of a full-scale war causes the formation of negative mental states accompanied by psychosomatic manifestations, the formation of a closed vicious circle of a pathological psychosomatic process. A high close direct correlation was found between the level of reactive anxiety, autonomic disorders, well-being, activity, mood of patients and psychosomatic symptoms. The absence of a statistically significant difference in the risk of developing psychosomatic disorders as a result of war psychotrauma in temporarily displaced persons and those who did not change their place of residence was revealed.

Usage of an Excel Spreadsheet for a Thermal Endurance Test Report

Power cables are one of the important parts of electrical power systems. It is important to know the materials that make up the cable or what the life of the cable will be at a given temperature. Therefore, aging tests are performed for the materials used in the cables. One of these tests is the thermal endurance test of the cable. The curve fitting process is performed to the data obtained as a result of this test and the temperature value (the temperature index) corresponding to the 20000-hour life of the cable is found. Automating the process of curve-fitting and finding the temperature index will be useful for companies or research centers that perform this test. Instead of expensive programs such as Matlab or Mathematica, the easy-to-use and accessible Excel program is a very economical and useful solution to evaluate these test results. In this study, the thermal endurance test was briefly described and a spreadsheet was prepared in Excel to evaluate the results of this test. Using the data taken from the measurements made for the EPR material, it has been checked that the spreadsheet works correctly. Such a spreadsheet can be easily used in cable factories to evaluate thermal endurance test results.

Women's representation in local government in Sri Lanka: a study on the new (local government) electoral system

The female population of Sri Lanka is 51.6%. Women are well represented in a variety of sectors, such as education, health, etc. Women's presence in political institutions is low, despite the fact that it is considerable in grassroot level political activities. In light of the rising female population, it is by no means adequate. To address this issue, Sri Lanka's local government entities now have a mixed election system and a 25% female quota system under the Local Government Election (Amendment) Act No. 01 of 2016 and No. 16 of 2017. It was first put into practice in the 2018 local elections. The goal of this study was to determine whether the aforementioned constitutional provisions have resulted in a numerical increase of 25% in the representation of women in local government, whether the quality of participation has increased as a result, and whether these provisions will result in the creation of a new, promising women's representation in the future national politics. It is important to examine whether the 25% women's representation quota system introduced by the aforementioned constitutional provision has grown numerically and whether the stated goals have been achieved in practice with regard to women's representation. For this study, both primary and secondary data were used. A questionnaire based on 60 selected delegates from 12 local governing bodies was used to gather primary data in the Kalutara district. Simple statistical techniques were used to analyze quantitative data and information, and descriptive techniques were used to analyze quantitative data and information. MS Excel program was used to analyze the primary data. New constitutional provisions have resulted in a numerical increase of 25% for women's representation in local government bodies. It evolved from elected officials. Although the number of women in leadership positions has increased, their qualitative participation has not. It is observed that the level of quality participation has been hampered. The development of a women's representation that can inspire fresh optimism for tomorrow's politics on the national level, is not at a satisfactory level. Therefore, the constitutional measures that were enacted to promote women's representation have not actually achieved their intended goals.

Intraocular lens power calculation formulas: a scientometric analysis.

The most accurate method of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in cataract surgery has not been determined, and further studies are needed to reach a consensus. The aim of this study was to assess publications related to IOL power calculation formulas, mapping their yearly trends, most productive authors, top publishing countries and institutions, and areas of specialization for IOL power formulas. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of research articles published on the topic of IOL power calculation formulas. Using PubMed, we employed appropriate search terms and filtered the results for the period of January 1, 1946, to June 28, 2023. Data were analyzed using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Microsoft Excel programs. The visual representations of the collected data through the use of figures was provided to demonstrate the aspects of IOL power calculation research. We retrieved 5475 documents in the initial search. Analysis of these documents revealed an increase in the number of publications, from one publication in 1946 to 201 publications in 2023. The top three countries contributing to these publications were the United States, China, and Japan, collectively accounting for over 27% of the total articles. However, the two institutions with the highest contributions were located in the United Kingdom and Hungary, neither of which was among the top 10 countries in overall contributions. Overall 15 326 authors contributed to publications pertaining to IOL power calculation formulas. Among these authors, the most prolific contributors included Achim Langenbucher from Saarland University (Germany), Giacomo Savini from G.B. Bietti Foundation I.R.C.C.S. (Italy), and Kenneth J Hoffer from the University of California (United States). Saarland University emerged as the most productive institution, contributing equally to two distinct departments: the Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell Research and Congenital Aniridia, as well as the Department of Experimental Ophthalmology. The School of Physical Science at the Open University in the United Kingdom engaged in partnership with various institutions including Eye & Laser Clinic Castrop Rauxel in Germany and Johannes Kepler University Linz in Austria. Among the top 10 keywords found in the publications were "cataract", "cataract surgery", and "intraocular lens". This study represents the first scientometric analysis of publications related to IOL power calculation formulas. The study offers valuable insights into the geographic distribution, contributing authors, and emphasis of research on the IOL power calculation formulas. Further cooperation is essential to pinpoint the most suitable formula and to address gaps in our current understanding.

ЦИРКУЛЯЦИЯ ОРВИ У ДЕТЕЙ Г. БЕРДСКА НОВОСИБИРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ В СЕЗОН 2022-2023 Г.

Вackground. Acute respiratory diseases are the most common among all infectious diseases, both in the world and in the Russian Federation. Prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and timely detection of the viral etiology of these diseases is an urgent public health task. Purpose of the study. The aim of this work was to identify the viral etiology of acute respiratory diseases in children's age group patients who sought medical help with signs of upper respiratory tract infections at the Berdsk Central City Hospital. Patient Characterization and Research Methods. The target group of the study was patients aged 0-17 years in the acute stage of upper respiratory tract disease who presented with signs of infection. Identification of the genetic material of respiratory viruses was carried out by real-time PCR using the AmpliSens “ARVI - FL” diagnostic kits (FBIS Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor, Russia). Methods of statistical analysis. Microsoft Office Excel program was used. Results and conclusion. The result of the research revealed that 81.33% of samples of biological material received a positive result for at least one infection. Identified: RNA viruses SARS-CoV-2, influenza A (Influenza virus A), influenza B (Influenza virus B), respiratory syncytial virus (hRSv), metapneumovirus (hMPV), parainfluenza types 1, 2, 4 (hPiv), RNA coronaviruses species OC43, E229, NL63, HKUI (HCoV), RNA of rhinoviruses (hr v), DNA of adenoviruses of groups B, C and E (HAdV), DNA of bokavirus (HBoV), and in 12.59% of cases of the number of positive samples, the presence of coinfections is observed. The results of this work are aimed at verifying the etiological factor of ARVI and strengthening the prevention of the spread of upper respiratory tract infections in the population.

Investigation of in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of hawthorn vinegar obtained from Endemic Crataegus tanacetifolia (Poir.) Pers.

In this study, the in vitro antidiabetic, antioxidant activity and total flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC) of vinegar obtained from endemic Crataegus tanacetifolia (Lam.) Pers. (Rosaceae), (hawthorn) were examined. The hawthorn vinegar obtained from Malatya province (MS) and the vinegar (TS) obtained from Konya were used as study material. Their antidiabetic activity was determined by α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory methods. Antioxidant activities were determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and ferrous iron chelating (FCA) assays. The absorbance were read in the Elisa reader and evaluated with Excel and GraphPad programs. The MS has been found to have higher α- amylase (95.12± 3.71%) and α-glucosidase inhibitory (81.62 ± 0.33%) effects. The TS demonstrated (94.13 ± 3.85%) α-amylase and (75.35 ± 2.19%) α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, respectively. The TPC was found to be in TS (467.59 ± 6.73) mg GAE/mL MS (328.46 ± 5.50) mg GAE/mL. The TFC was found as (1.94 ± 10.36) mg CE/mL and (1.32 ± 10.96) mg CE/mL in TS and MS vinegar, respectively. The FCA was found to be in TS (33.37 ± 0.53%) MS (31.08 ± 10.87%). The DPPH radical scavenging activity was found as (73.82 ± 2.12%) in TS and (80.12 ± 4.45%) in MS. ABTS radical scavenging activity was found to be the highest in TS with (82.51± 0.78%) and in MS found as (78.65 ± 0.55%). The antidiabetic, antioxidant activity, TPC and TFC determinations of these vinegars were performed for the first time with these methods.

Peculiarities of the weed infestation of young paulownia (Paulownia tomentosa L.) stands

Goal. To study the weeding processes of young Paulownia tomentosa (Paulownia tomentosa L.) plantations for the further development of an effective weed protection system in the conditions of the Forest Steppe of Ukraine.
 Methods. To study the interaction of research objects with weather conditions, cultivation methods and technology, field methods (in particular, small-plot), as well as visual, measuring, weight, quantitative and physiological methods were used. The laboratory method was used to determine the quality characteristics of the soil of the experimental plots. Processing of experimental data was performed using the Microsoft Office Excel computer program.
 Results. It was established that young stands of paulownia in the first stages of vegetation are actually a free ecological niche, which is quickly filled by weeds. The largest number of weed species was from the Gramineae, Brassicaceae, and Asteraceae families. There was one species each from the Polygonaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Solanaceae, and Convolvulaceae families. In the second year of vegetation, the seedlings of Echinochloa crusgalli (L. Pal. Beauv), Chenopodium album L., Elymus repens (L.) Gould, Setaria glauca (L.) Pal. Beauv, Sinapis arvensis L., Polygonum convolvulus L., Thlaspi arvense L. On average, more weed seedlings were recorded during the accounting period than in the first year of crop vegetation.
 Conclusions. It has been experimentally proven that before establishing the plantations, the site should be evaluated for the presence of problematic weed species that can potentially multiply in paulownia plantations and interfere with effective plant care. The presence of weeds in young paulownia stands during the growing season leads to a significant suppression of culture plants. Establishing the features of the formation of weeding of paulownia plantations in the second year of vegetation is impossible without a comprehensive determination of plant growth parameters. Information about the specifics of weeding make it possible to correctly develop an effective system of protection against weeds.

Assessment of Health Care Providers Attitudes and Practices Concerning Medication Errors in Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Medication errors are one of the leading causes of patients’ morbidity and mortality in health care settings
 Objective: Assess awareness, attitude and practices of health care providers toward medication errors in Saudi Arabia.
 Methodology: Cross-sectional study design was used in the period of three months, from 01 July to 30th November, 2023. participants were selected randomly. 329 health care providers including physicians, pharmacists and nurses working in different hospitals, primary health care centers and private clinics in different regions of Saudi Arabia, participated in the study. Dat was analyzed using Microsoft excel program.
 Results: The mean score of good knowledge about medication errors among respondents was 77%, average score of good attitudes toward medication errors among respondents was 72%. 74% of respondents were willing to inform supervisor if they had noticed a medication error. The causes for not reporting medication error were fear of any legal consequences (41%), self-management (23%), busy with work (15%) and did not know whom to inform (21%). Less than half (48%) of study subjects had previously filled an adverse drug reaction form.
 Conclusion: Medication errors play a significant role role in the quality of health of our patients. Health care providers in Saudi Arabia have good knowledge and positive attitude toward medication errors. However, medication error reporting is still not sufficiently done.

Motivation and entrepreneurship in the students of the last cycles of administration of the National University of Cañete

Introduction: motivation is fundamental in the entrepreneurship of the students of the National University of Cañete. Motivation is the drive that a person feels to achieve their goals.Objective: the contribution that this study will provide will be to encourage students to undertake, in turn new jobs will be generated, a source of income and greater economic development in the province of Cañete. This research work was carried out at the National University of Cañete, which is in the district of San Vicente, belonging to the province of Cañete – department of Lima. The objective was to determine how motivation is associated with entrepreneurship in students in the final cycles of Administration at the National University of Cañete, 2021.Method: the type of research used was basic, with a quantitative - deductive, correlational - descriptive level and non-experimental - cross-sectional design. The variables used were motivation and entrepreneurship, the dimensions of the research were the following: need for achievement, need for affiliation, need for power, innovation, risk management and proactivity. The population was made up of 178 students from the last cycles of the professional Administration degree at the National University of Cañete. The total sample was 73 students. For the data collection process, the questionnaire was used as an instrument and the survey of the study variables according to the Likert scale was used as a technique. Likewise, in the descriptive and inferential analysis of the data, Microsoft Excel programs and SPSS version 25 statistics were used.Results: finally, to determine the correlation between the variables, the Pearson parametric test was used, through which the following results were obtained with a P-Value = 0,00, that is, a P < 0,05, which establishes that motivation is associated with entrepreneurship of the students of the last administration cycles of the National University of Cañete.Conclusions: in conclusion, the results of this research reveal a clear and significant association between motivation and entrepreneurship among students in the final cycles of Administration at the National University of Cañete. Additionally, the importance of entrepreneurship education in the academic curriculum to prepare students for an entrepreneurial future and the potential impact on local economic development by generating employment and income opportunities is highlighted. These findings establish a solid foundation for future research and emphasize the relevance of promoting entrepreneurship in academic and community settings

Comparison of the Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Effects of Oleuropein Extracted from Arbequina Olive Leaves with the Extracts of its Leaf and Fruit

Introduction: Olive leaf is an evergreen plant and enriched in phenolic compounds and antioxidants. Oleuropein is the most common type of phenolic compounds can found in Olive leaves. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of Oleuropein extracted from olive leaf with the extracts from its leaf and fruit.
 Methods: The type of study was experimental and after ethanol extraction from olive leaf and fruit, oleuropein was isolated from the leaf extract. Antimicrobial effects of Oleuropein obtained from olive fruit and leaf extracts against Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria were determined using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. Amounts of phenolic compounds were derived by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and the antioxidant effects were determined by the 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical inhibition method. SPSS version 16 software was used for statistical calculations, Excel program used to draw graphs and one-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the effect of the intervention.
 Results: Oleuropein was extracted from olive leaf in the amount of 14% with a purity of 70%. The highest and lowest amount of phenolic compounds and the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects were observed for Oleuropein obtained from olive leaf and olive fruit extracts, respectively. The amount of oleuropein phenolic compounds was equal to 879.16 (µg GAE/g), its MIC against S. saprophyticus and P.aeruginosa bacteria was equal to 3.25 and 12.5 mg/ml, respectively. Its antioxidant activity was equal to 8.59 µg/ml.
 Conclusion: In the present study, oleuropein was extracted from olive leaves and the study showed that the amount of oleuropein in the Spanish Arbican variety was obtained with the highest value of 14%. According to the results of antimicrobial activity and antioxidant, it can be concluded that olive leaf extract and extracted oleuropein have the potential to increase and improve the performance of preservatives and antioxidants.

Обоснование перспективной схемы кривошипного гидромотора для гидропривода опорно-поворотного устройства манипулятора лесовозного автопоезда

The task of increasing the efficiency of hydraulic manipulators with traditional column turning mechanisms installed on logging road trains can be solved by installing column turning mechanisms with crank hydraulic motors from hydraulic cylinders. Variants of the arrangement of hydraulic cylinders in a crank hydraulic motor were studied graph analytically by determining tangential and radial forces acting on the rotary column of the hydraulic manipulator. At first, calculations were performed based on static methods to evaluate the effect of forces on the rods of hydraulic cylinders in the working positions of the column rotation mechanism. After that, using the COMPASS computer-aided design system, circular diagrams of tangential and radial forces of the considered options for the arrangement of hydraulic cylinders in a crank hydraulic motor were constructed. Further, in the Microsoft Excel program, graphs of changes in tangential forces acting on the rotary column of the hydraulic manipulator were plotted. Schemes with five and six hydraulic cylinders have the best option of influencing the bearings in which the column is rotated. The ranges of radial forces for them ranged, respectively, from 3.32 to 22.07 kN and from 11.175 to 11.297 kN, and tangential forces – from 257.893 to 285.274 kN, and from 300.471 to 354.059 kN, which can be used in the design of new drive designs for turning columns of hydraulic manipulators. For the practical implementation of the proposed design of the crank hydraulic motor, it is planned to make a rational choice of the location of the hydraulic cylinders of the crank hydraulic motor on the frame of the logging road train on the basis of simulation modeling.

Enhancing Awareness of Diclofenac as an Over-the-Counter Analgesic in the Northern Border Region of Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Diclofenac was identified by the Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee of the European Medicines Agency as a high-risk NSAID in terms of its effects on the heart and circulation when administered systemically, i.e. capsules, tablets or injections.
 Objective: To evaluate the knowledge and awareness about over the counter analgesic medication (Diclofenac) among people living in northern border region – Saudi Arabia.
 Methodology: Self-administered cross-sectional study conducted during a period of two months (October and November 2023) on random sample of 430 Saudi people living in the Northern Border Region. The data was analyzed by Microsoft excel program by means of Descriptive statistics.
 Results: Toothache and headache were the most worried pain among participants (32%) and (31%) respectively, majority (72%) of participants buy OTC medication for pain from community pharmacy on the advice of pharmacist. Small percentage (20%) thought that medications containing diclofenac have very few side effects, 76% didn’t know any side effect of diclofenac, 47% didn’t know that diclofenac in high dose has adverse effects on kidney, 71% didn’t know that diclofenac cause gastrointestinal adverse effects. About one fifth of participants (21%) didn’t know the maximum dose of diclofenac when they use it, tablet is the preferred dosage form of diclofenac (27%) followed by granules (16%), dosage of 100 mg is the most frequently used (36%) followed by 50 mg (16%). 
 Conclusion: Saudi people’s knowledge about diclofenac as one member of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was insufficient. Knowledge about related adverse effects of diclofenac was lacked which exposes to misusage that may carry accidents and severe side effects especially among high-risk population.

3D Printed Carbon Framework with the Graphene Aerogel for Microbial Fuel Cell Application

There is a high interest in living organism-compatible materials associated with electrically active interfaces. Bacteria/electrode interfaces implement smart, functional systems with responses, based on which it is possible to elaborate self-regulating energy generation systems. Carbon materials have a number of advantages, such as biocompatibility, low electrical resistance, and the possibility of increasing the electrode surface on an industrial scale. The most promising approach for the industrial production of electrodes is 3D printing. We propose a 3D-printed carbon electrode – a novel lightweight material for electrodes in bioelectrochemical systems for efficient bioelectricity utilization.The pyrolytic process for manufacturing carbon electrodes is promising for upscaling and industrial applications. However, there is a problem of volume loss when 3D-printed polymers are pyrolyzed in an inert environment. We propose a new strategy for the thermal treatment of 3D-printed polymers that allow for reduced volume loss under pyrolytic carbonization. In addition, to achieve a higher electrode surface area, the graphene aerogel could be impregnated into the 3D-printed scaffolds. Chemical modification of graphene surface can enhance biocompatibility. Specifically, the oxidation of graphene leads to forming a hydrophilic and biocompatible material. We tune graphene hydrophilic properties and electrical conductivity via control over the thermal reduction of the oxidized form of graphene–graphene oxide1.Such sponge morphology affords 3D-printed carbon scaffolds an excellent lightweight host scaffold for microorganisms, in which the graphene nanowalls are homogeneously occupied by S. oneidensis MR-1. We demonstrate a novel sustainable method to produce graphene-based lightweight 3D printed electrode materials for green energy production from biomass. The proposed technology creates the opportunity for novel, innovative, disruptive graphene applications that can lead to the establishment of new energy-related industries and facilitate many startups in the ecosystem. Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Ministry of Education (Singapore) through the Research Centre of Excellence program (grant EDUN C-33-18-279-V12, I-FIM). References Xuanye Leng, Ricardo J. Vazquez, Samantha R. McCuskey, Glenn Quek, Yude Su, Konstantin G. Nikolaev, Mariana C.F. Costa, Siyu Chen, Musen Chen, Kou Yang, Jinpei Zhao, Mo Lin, Zhaolong Chen, Guillermo C. Bazan, Kostya S. Novoselov, Daria V. Andreeva, Carbon, 205, 2023, 33-39.

Re-Centering Race in Emancipatory Entrepreneurship: Black Female Tech Founders, Money, and Meaning in a Detroit-Based Incubator Program

This study is an anthropological inquiry into the perceptions and attitudes of Black female tech entrepreneurs towards capitalism in the context of an incubator program in Detroit, USA. Drawing upon ethnographic data from the STEM Entrepreneurial Excellence Program (STEEP), the study reveals the intricate relationships that Black female founders maintain with money and capitalism. These complexities manifest in moral quandaries related to fundraising and distrust in outsourcing financial management, emanating from a long-standing scepticism towards capitalism and intertwined with historical traumas. The research emphasizes the significance of comprehending minority entrepreneurs’ historical inequalities and lived experiences with capitalism to discern their diverse attitudes and performances in entrepreneurship – an aspect frequently neglected in entrepreneurship scholarship. By examining the intersection of race, gender, and entrepreneurship, the essay contributes valuable insights into the nuanced dynamics shaping entrepreneurial experiences of Black women in the technology sector.