Excellent Deformation Research Articles

Infrared light responsive shape memory tracheal stent based on TPU6/PCL4/PANI composites

3D printed tracheal stent based on light-responsive shape memory composites (SMC) has a good application prospect due to its remote, non-contact drive and the ability to adapt to complex environments. This paper detailed the fabrication, characterization, and infrared light (IR) actuating shape memory effects of the SMC based on the thermal polyurethane (TPU)/poly(caprolactone) (PCL)/polyaniline (PANI)/composites. Herein, the experiments have explored the preparation and process parameters and 3D printing properties (e.g., filament-molding temperature, 3D printing temperature, and speed) on the premise of smooth printing of the composites. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC), micro-morphology, and tensile testing was operated to characterize the properties of the TPU6/PCL4/PANI composites. Additionally, shape memory performance has shown that the shape memory fixation rate of the prepared IR-responsive SMC was about 99%, and the shape recovery ratio was approximately 95%. Therefore, this work customized the tracheal scaffold based on TPU6/PCL4/PANI composites by 3D printing technology (FDM), which possesses excellent IR-triggered remote-controlling structure deformation performance. Moreover, by collaborating with minimally invasive surgery, 3D printed IR-actuating SMC structures can expand the application scope in the biomedical field and provide a new way for personalized implantable medical devices.

Hemodynamic analysis of thoracic endovascular aortic repair with left subclavian artery reconstructed by chimney stent.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the hemodynamic consequences of thoracic endovascular aortic repair which reconstructed left subclavian artery by chimney stent (ch-TEVAR). Two patients who underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and left subclavian artery (LSA) reconstruction using chimney stents were selected. Preoperative and postoperative CTA images were collected to reconstruct hemodynamic models for comparing and analyzing blood pressure, blood flow velocity, and wall shear stress in the aortic arch and its major branches. Concurrently, morphological alterations and position of chimney stent were also assessed. After the reconstruction of LSA in ch-TEVAR, no endoleak was seen, but the stent in LSA was compressed. The blood flow velocity of the LSA increased and disordered, the pressure was reduced, and the WSS was increased. Even more, there were a large amount of turbulence found in the LSA of one case, and its LSA was blocked. Chimney stent reduces the occurrence of endoleak due to its excellent deformation ability, but the compressed stent has a greater impact on the hemodynamics of LSA and eventually leads to LSA occlusion; in order to keep the LSA unobstructed, it is necessary to pay attention to the position of the chimney stent and keep it straight and do not fold or twist. Chimney stent has little influence on the aortic arch and the rest of the aortic arch branches.

Corrosion Behavior of Nacre-Inspired (TiBw-TiB2)/Al Composites Fabricated by Freeze Casting.

Nacre-inspired metal matrix composites have received much attention due to their excellent deformation coordination ability, which can achieve the synergy of strength and ductility. The preparation of nacre-like Al matrix composites by freeze casting has been a promising application, but the continuous ceramic-rich layer affects the corrosion resistance of the composites, facing complex corrosion problems during service. In this work, the microstructure and corrosion behavior of the nacre-inspired (TiBw-TiB2)/Al composites fabricated by freeze casting and squeeze casting were systematically studied. The results indicated that the Al layers and ceramic-rich layers had little change, about 35 μm and 31 μm, respectively, with an increasing ratio of the Ti/TiB2. Meanwhile, a high Ti/TiB2 ratio resulted in an increase in the Fe-Ti intermetallic phases, which was detrimental to the corrosion performance of the composites and was prone to pitting. The electrochemical test results showed that the 3Ti7TiB2 composite had the lowest corrosion current density (15.9 μA) and intergranular corrosion depth (231 μm), indicating that it had the best corrosion resistance, which can be attributable to its stable and dense passivation film. Two different corrosion phenomena during the intergranular corrosion test existed in the present nacre-inspired (TiBw-TiB2)/Al composites: intergranular corrosion in the Al matrix layer and pitting corrosion in the ceramic-rich layer. Among all the composites, the corrosion depth of the 3Ti7TiB2 composite was the smallest and significantly less than that of the 2024Al alloy. In addition, the continuous ceramic-rich layer acted as a corrosion channel during corrosion, significantly degrading the corrosion resistance of the nacre-like Al composites.

Magnetically Actuated Transport Pipeline with Self-Perception

Soft transportation devices with high flexibility, good stability, and quick controllability have attracted increasing attention. However, a smart soft transportation device with tactile perception and a non-contact actuating mode remains a challenge. This work reports a magnetic soft pipeline (MSP) composed of sensor film, a magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) cavity pipeline, and heater film, which can not only respond well to tactile compression stimuli but also be transported by magnetic actuation. Notably, the sensor film was integrated on the upper surface of an MRE pipeline, and the relative resistance change (∆R/R0) of the MSP was maintained at 55.8% under 2.2 mm compression displacement during 4000 loading cycles. Moreover, the heater film was integrated on the lower surface of the MRE pipeline, which endows the MSP with an electrothermal heating characteristic. The temperature of the MSP can be increased from 26.7 °C to 38.1 °C within 1 min under 0.6 V. Furthermore, the MSP was attracted and deformed under the magnetic field, and the ∆R/R0 of the MSP reached 69.1% under application of a 165 mT magnetic field density. Benefiting from the excellent perception and magnetic deformation performances, the magnetic actuate transportation of the MSP with self-sensing was successfully achieved. This multi-functional soft pipeline integrated with in situ self-sensing, electrothermal heating, and non-contact magnetic actuating transportation performance possess high potential in smart flexible electronic devices.

Compressive and Tensile Behavior of High-Ductility Alkali-Activated Composites with Polyethylene Terephthalate Powder

Researchers have been engaged in the study of high-ductility concrete (HDC) due to its excellent ductility and cracking control ability. This study combines the concepts of HDC and alkali-activated composites (AAC) to develop high-ductility alkali-activated composites (HDAAC) using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) powder. Experimental investigations were conducted to assess the compressive and tensile properties of HDAAC, focusing on the impact of varying PET powder content (0%, 15%, 30%, and 45%) and fly ash/slag ratios (FA/GGBS, 6:4, 7:3, and 8:2). The results indicated that the compressive strength of HDAAC ranged from approximately 30 MPa to about 100 MPa, with the specimens maintaining good integrity after axial compression failure due to the bridging action of PE fibers. The replacement of quartz powder (QP) with PET powder slightly decreased the compressive strength and elastic modulus of HDAAC, albeit mitigating its brittleness under compression. An increase in GGBS content enhanced the compressive strength and elastic modulus of HDAAC due to the increased formation of the C-A-S-H reaction products, leading to reduced porosity and a denser microstructure. Under axial tension, HDAAC exhibited typical multiple-cracking behavior with significant pseudo-strain hardening. Increases in the PET content and FA/GGBS ratio resulted in finer cracks, indicating excellent crack control and deformation capabilities. The initial cracking strength, tensile strength, and ultimate tensile strain ranged from 3.0 MPa to 4.6 MPa, 4.2 MPa to 8.2 MPa, and 4.1% to 7.2%, respectively. Despite a decrease in the initial cracking strength and tensile strength with higher PET content, the ultimate tensile strain of HDAAC slightly increased. Observations under a scanning electron microscope revealed a distinct interfacial transition zone near the PET powder, leading to poor bonding with the alkali-activated matrix. In contrast, QP dissolved on the surface in highly alkaline environments, forming better interface properties. These variations in interface properties can be used to interpret the variations in the mechanical performance of HDAAC.

LM-Gel Plasticine Based on Binary Cooperative with Kneadable Shaping and Conductivity.

Liquid metal (LM)-based polymers have received growing interest for wearable health monitoring, electronic skins, and soft robotics. However, fabricating multifunctional LM-based polymers, in particular, featuring a convenient shaping ability while offering excellent deformability and conductivity remains a challenge. To overcome this obstacle, here, we propose a strategy to prepare LM-Gel "plasticine" (LGP) with great deformability, which is composed of a PVA (poly(vinyl alcohol)) soft network and an LM conductive phase. LGP can be easily constructed into different shapes such as plasticine and can be applied to different conditions (such as building a 3D circuit, circuit repair, and switch). Meanwhile, LGP has great conductivity (2.3 × 104 S/m) after surface annealing. Besides, LGP has a good electric heating performance, which shows the potential for application in wearable heating devices. Thus, this approach not only provides a way to prepare LM-polymer plasticine but also provides a novel perspective toward extending the applied range of LM-polymer composites.

Seismic performance of self-centering steel column base with buckling-restrained bars

Self-centering structures, emerging as a vital innovation in earthquake-resilient design, offer notable advantages in structural integrity, rapid functional recovery post-earthquake, and economic efficiency over the building's life cycle. This paper introduces a self-centering steel column base, employing buckling-restrained bars for energy dissipation. Through an analysis of its force mechanism, it conducts low-cycle reciprocating load test on four set of specimens with varying buckling-restrained bars and axial compression ratios. The results demonstrate the column base's superior seismic performance, characterized by its ability to rapidly restore seismic functionality after unloading and replacing the buckling-restrained bars. The force-displacement hysteresis curves exhibit a distinctive double-flag shape, with a minimal residual story drift of 0.001 rad, underscoring the structure's exceptional self-centering capability. The displacement ductility coefficients and equivalent viscous damping coefficients confirm the column base's excellent deformation and energy dissipation capabilities. Furthermore, a refined ABAQUS finite element model is developed and validated against the load test results, further analyzing the seismic performance relative to key structural parameters.

Nanosized austenite and coherent nanoprecipitates making maraging steel strong and ductile

Here we report a microstructural design in maraging steel, which renders superior strength-ductility synergy by combining the advantages of transformation induced plasticity and dislocation cutting mechanisms, via an economic thermomechanical route suitable for industrial scale. It aims at innovating ductile maraging steel without conceding too much strength. Specifically, a high-strength maraging steel is first treated by cold-rolling and intercritical annealing, which leads to partial retransformation and precipitation of supersaturated needlelike/near-spherical B2-structured nanoparticles occurring simultaneously in dislocated α′-martensite matrix. The material is further optimized by peak-aging, yielding a desired microstructure, with nanosized γ-austenite (d‾γ ∼150 nm) dispersed in lath α′-martensite (d‾α′ ∼130 nm) with dense spherical B2-nanoprecipitates (d‾B2 ∼6.5 nm), i.e., an austenite-maraging structure with hierarchical heterogeneity at nanoscale. The yield strength is measured to be ∼1.65 GPa, which is largely retained as it combines boundary strengthening, dislocation strengthening and ordering strengthening of nanoprecipitates. Surprisingly, significant work hardening renders an ultimate strength even high up to ∼1.9 GPa and a decent ductility of ∼6–7%, twice that of conventional maraging steels. Interrupted microstructure examination unravels that it is the hierarchical microstructure heterogeneity-induced sequential activation of plasticity-enhancing mechanisms that confers such excellent deformability. At the stage soon after yielding (ε∼1.5–3%), deformation-induced transformation from metastable γ-austenite to α′-martensite imparts a significant strain hardening rate (Θ) up-turning. At the high strain stage (ε>3 %), multiple dislocations cutting through B2-nanoprecipitates promotes the interaction and accumulation of dislocations, thereby postponing Θ attenuation and prolonging ductility.

Stretchable and Breathable Electroluminescent Displays Based on Ultrathin Nanocomposite Designs.

Stretchable electroluminescent devices represent an emerging optoelectronic technology for future wearables. However, their typical construction on sub-millimeter-thick elastomers has limited moisture permeability, leading to discomfort during long-term skin attachment. Although breathable textile displays may partially address this issue, they often have distinct visual appearances with discrete emissions from fibers or fiber junctions. This study introduces a convenient procedure to create stretchable, permeable displays with continuous luminous patterns. The design utilizes ultrathin nanocomposite devices embedded in a porous elastomeric microfoam to achieve high moisture permeability. These displays also exhibit excellent deformability, low-voltage operation, and excellent durability. Additionally, the device is decorated with fluorinated silica nanoparticles to achieve self-cleaning and washable capabilities. The practical implementation of these nanocomposite devices is demonstrated by creating an epidermal counter display that allows intimate integration with the human body. These developments provide an effective design of stretchable and breathable displays for comfortable wearing.

A ray-inspired flexible robot fish with stable controllability actuated by photo -responsive composite hydrogels with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Drawing inspiration from the movement behaviour of rays in nature, we have successfully developed a ray-inspired flexible robot fish driven by visible light. A composite made of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has excellent biocompatibility and photo-responsive deformability. The PNIPAM hydrogel flexible material of the robot fish was prepared by light curing printing technology. Under the control of visible light, the robot fish swims in a straight line at an average speed of about 0.42 mm/s. The photoinduced asymmetric deformation mechanism is used to control the deformation of the fins on both sides of the robot fish, so that the robot fish can turn and realize directional swimming control. These findings have important implications for the development of flexible bionic robots and provide valuable insights for the research of bionic robots driven by visible light.

Experimental study on the triaxial mechanical properties of hybrid steel fiber–reinforced self-compacting concrete

In this study, the triaxial mechanical properties of hybrid steel fiber–reinforced self-compacting concrete (HSFRSCC) were investigated. Based on previous research, a mixture of HSFRSCC that satisfies the requirements of compression and workability performance was determined. Conventional triaxial compression tests were performed at confining pressures of 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 MPa. The results showed that all the specimens had excellent deformation ability, and both the steel fibers and confining pressure improved the ductility of HSFRSCC. With an increase in the confining pressure, the triaxial peak stress and strain of concrete were increased. The differences in the damage characteristics of HSFRSCC and plain concrete were compared based on scanning electron microscopy test results. Finally, the applicability of the Mohr–Coulomb criterion with that of the Willam–Warnke (W–W) criteria to HSFRSCC was compared. the results showed that the nonlinear W–W criterion had a better fitting effect. Hence, the relationship between triaxial peak stress, peak strain, and confining pressure was established, and the triaxial compression meridian formula for HSFRSCC was obtained.

Integrated construction of stretchable supercapacitor with outstanding deformation stability and flame retardancy

The fast development of wearable electronics requires urgently stretchable energy storage devices, but conventional stretchable energy-storage devices suffer from poor dynamic deformation stability. The key is to create a new construction strategy of "electrode/electrolyte interface integration". Herein, we have proposed a clever strategy that combines layer-by-layer electrospinning with a self-selected vapor-phase polymerization (VPP) method to assemble the integrated stretchable supercapacitors (ISSCs). Furthermore, the interface stability enhancement mechanism is revealed through experimental and theoretical simulations, showing that the synergistic effect of molecular chain entanglement and mechanical meshing endows excellent anti-deformation stability of ISSCs. As a result, the as-assembled ISSCs deliver excellent dynamic deformation electrochemical stability with 99.5 % capacitance retention after 500 stretching cycles at strain and outstanding flame retardancy (limiting oxygen index (LOI) up to 48.1 % at a film thickness of only 0.22 mm). The innovative integrated design strategy endows a systematic construction plan for the scalable fabrication of wearable organic energy storage devices.

Injectable Mesh-Like Conductive Hydrogel Patch for Elimination of Atrial Fibrillation.

Irregular electrical impulses in atrium are the leading cause of atrial fibrillation (AF), resulting in fatal arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Traditional medication and physical therapies are widely used, but generally suffer problems in serious physical damage and high surgical risks. Flexible and soft implants have great potential to be a novel approach for heart diseases therapy. A conductive hydrogel-based mesh cardiac patch is developed for application in AF elimination. The designed mesh patch with rhombic-shaped structure exhibits excellent flexibility, surface conformability, and deformation compliance, making it fit well with heart surface and accommodate to the deformation during heart beating. Moreover, the mechanical elastic and shape-memory properties of the mesh patch enable a minimally invasive injection of the patch into living animals. The mesh patch is implanted on the atrium surface for one month, indicating good biocompatibility and stability. Furthermore, the conductive patch can effectively eliminate AF owing to the conductivity and high charge storage capability (CSC) of the hydrogel. The proposed scheme of cardiac bioelectric signal modulation using conductive hydrogel brings new possibility for the treatment of arrhythmia diseases.

A Novel Thermal Deformation Self-Stabilization Flexible Connection Mechanism

In micro-LED chip repair, a nanopositioner is commonly used to adjust the positioning of the LED chip. However, during the bonding process, the heat generated can cause the positioning system to deform, leading to inaccurate alignment and poor-quality chip repair. To solve this issue, a novel flexible connection structure has been proposed that can eliminate thermal deformation. The principle of this novel flexible connection structure is that the thermal distortion self-elimination performance is achieved via three flexible connection modules (FCM) so that the thermal stress is automatically eliminated. First, the paper introduces the principle of thermal deformation elimination, and then the design and modeling process of the proposed structure are described. A heat transfer model is then developed to determine how temperature is distributed within the structure. A thermal deformation model is established, and the size of the FCM is optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA) to minimize the thermal deformation. Finite element analysis (FEA) is used to simulate and evaluate the thermal distortion self-elimination performance of the optimized mechanism. Finally, experiments are conducted to verify the reliability and accuracy of the simulation results. The simulations and experiments show that the proposed structure can eliminate more than 38% of the thermal deformation, indicating an excellent thermal deformation self-eliminating capability.

Microstructure, mechanical properties, and fracture behavior of multi-core through steel wire reinforced brass composite rod produced by a solid-liquid continuous casting and composite technique

A multi-core through steel wire reinforced brass composite rod was fabricated using a solid-liquid continuous casting and composite technique. Microstructure evolution, interface, mechanical properties, and deformation behavior of the composite rod during the room temperature tensile process were studied. The results showed that the steel wires in the composite rod were distributed in a regular hexagonal shape, forming a brass/steel interface with good metallurgical bonding. After annealing at 700 °C for 1h, the tensile strength of the composite rod was 376 MPa, and the elongation to failure was 46.3 %, whose tensile strength was 21 % higher than that of the brass cladding single steel wire composite rod with the same steel percentage. During uniform tensile deformation, each steel wire in the composite rod experienced a consistent and uniform tensile stress. When the tensile deformation became unstable, the central steel wire experienced the highest level of tensile stress, initially leading to the occurrence of necking and fracture. As the tensile strain increased, the brass grains underwent twisting and rotation. In addition, the steel grains were elongated along the tension direction, and the number of low-angle boundaries increased. The straight brass/steel interface was transformed into a wavy pattern with a good bonding interface, indicating that the composite rod exhibited excellent synergetic deformation capability. The mixing laws based on hybrid effects have good applicability to multi-core through steel wire reinforced brass composite rod, with a strength error of less than 7 %.

Robust ultrahigh electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness based on engineered structures of carbon nanotube films

High-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with ultrathin, flexible, and pliable mechanical properties are highly desired for high-end equipments, yet there remain large challenges in the manufacture of these materials. Here, carbon nanotube film (CNTF)/copper (Cu) nanoparticle (NP) composite films are fabricated via a facile electrodeposition method to achieve high electromagnetic shielding efficiency. Notably, a CNTF/Cu NP composite film with 15μm thickness can achieve excellent EMI shielding efficiency of ∼248 dB and absolute EMI shielding effectiveness as high as 2.17×105 dB cm2 g-1, which are the best values for composite EMI shielding materials with similar or greater thicknesses. These engineered composite films exhibit excellent deformation tolerance, which ensures the robust reliability of EMI shielding efficiency after 20,000 cycles of repeated bending. Our results represent a critical breakthrough in the preparation of ultrathin, flexible, and pliable shielding films for applications in smart, portable and wearable electronic devices, and 5G communication.

Wear behavior of ultrafine WC-Co cemented carbide end mills during milling of Inconel 718

Two innovative ultrafine cemented carbide end mills, denoted C1 and C2, were synthesized through spark plasma sintering, featuring compositions of WC-8Co-0.4VC-0.4Cr3C2 and WC-40(Ti,W)–8Co-0.4VC-0.4Cr3C2, respectively. Their wear behaviors were delved into during the precision machining of Inconel 718, and distinct disparities in wear evolution and tool longevity were unveiled. C1 exhibits exceptional wear resistance, surpassing C2 by a striking margin of 7.4–9.5, depending on the cutting speed employed. The sharp cutting edge of C1, characterized by a single hard phase of WC, minimal grain size, and high hardness, demonstrates excellent wear resistance and deformation resistance, thereby minimizing the onset of notch wear. In contrast, C2 experiences severe adhesive and diffusive wear phenomena, which culminate in substantial flank wear and cutting edge chipping. The addition of 40 wt% of (Ti,W)C exacerbates adhesion, flaking, and notch wear during machining. The prolonged and intensified adhesive wear witnessed in C2 leads to the deterioration of the tool surface and the formation of deep wear craters on the flank face. A comparison evaluation involving the prepared novel tools and commercially available end mills reveals that C1 boasts a longer tool life that outstrip those of its commercial counterparts by approximately 1.7–3.5 times under identical cutting conditions.

Bayesian optimization of origami multi-cell tubes for energy absorption considering mixed categorical-continuous variables

Multi-cell structures have been widely utilized in energy-absorbing applications for their lightweight and superior mechanical properties. However, they may produce high peak forces that are harmful to occupant safety during a vehicle collision. In addition, the naturally formed folding and global bending modes under axial loads can significantly restrict their energy-absorbing capability. In this study, a novel origami multi-cell structure is proposed to avoid excessive peak loads and at the same time to guide the deformation mode to improve the energy-absorbing capability. Four cross-sectional types of origami multi-cell structures are investigated experimentally and numerically. The results indicated that the web-to-web (W2W) type origami multi-cell structures are most promising for energy absorption, while web-to-corner (W2C) structures yield low peak forces and excellent deformation modes in our study cases. To further exploit the potential of these structures, multi-objective optimization is required to consider the conflicting objectives of maximizing energy-absorbing capability and minimizing the peak force. However, it is challenging for traditional optimization to deal with continuous, integer, and categorical variables simultaneously. Therefore, the Bayesian optimization method based on the Hamming distance is utilized to handle mixed categorical-continuous variables to optimize origami multi-cell tubes. The optimization results indicated that the optimal origami W2C can decrease the peak force by 30 % while keeping a similar level of specific energy-absorbing capability compared with the conventional W2C structure. Moreover, the optimal origami W2C structure can improve the energy absorption by 40 % compared with the origami W2C baseline design.

Overcoming the Na-ion conductivity bottleneck for the cost-competitive chloride solid electrolytes

Chloride solid electrolytes possess multiple advantages for the construction of safe, energy-dense all-solid-state sodium batteries, but presently the chlorides with sufficiently high cost-competitiveness for commercialization almost all exhibit low Na-ion conductivities of around 10−5 S cm−1 or lower. Here, we report a chloride solid electrolyte, Na2.7ZrCl5.3O0.7, which reaches a Na-ion conductivity of 2.29 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 25 °C without involving overly expensive raw materials such as rare-earth chlorides or Na2S. In addition to the efficient ion transport, Na2.7ZrCl5.3O0.7 also shows an excellent deformability surpassing that of the widely studied Na3PS4, Na3SbS4, and Na2ZrCl6 solid electrolytes. The combination of these advantages allows the all-solid-state cell based on Na2.7ZrCl5.3O0.7 and NaCrO2 to realize stable room-temperature cycling at a much higher specific current than those based on other non-viscoelastic chloride solid electrolytes in literature (120 mA g−1 vs. 12–55 mA g−1); after 100 cycles at such a high rate, the Na2.7ZrCl5.3O0.7-based cell can still deliver a discharge capacity of 80 mAh g−1 at 25 °C.

Dynamic mechanical response and deformation mechanism of poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) / epoxy resin(EP) shape memory polymer composites

The dynamic mechanical response and deformation mechanism of poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and epoxy resins shape memory polymer (SMP) composites were investigated in this paper. The SMP composites were a blend of PCL and epoxy resins by using the facile melt-mixing method. The distribution of PCL in the composites was observed by SEM, which was in from microparticle morphology to continuous morphology with the increasing PCL content. And the dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) tests were performed to demonstrate the viscoelastic properties and shape memory effect of the PCL/EP composites. Based on the above characterization of PCL/EP composites, the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests were performed to study the dynamic mechanical properties at the strain rates of 4000/s to 7000/s. The results showed that the flow stress increased with the increasing strain rate, which exhibited an obvious sensitivity to strain rate. However, the flow stress of PCL/EP decreases with the increasing PCL content due to the low strength of PCL. And PCL/EP composites failed in a typical ductile failure mode under quasi-static loading, whereas an excellent plastic deformation ability was observed at high strain rates, which was attributed to the heat generated by the plastic work during the adiabatic compression. Combining with the experimental results, the corresponding deformation mechanism was also discussed.