Example Of Sweden Research Articles

Data Visualisation of the National Bibliography of Sweden in 2015–2022

The aim of the article is to analyse the experience of visualising the national bibliography data as a method of studying the documentary flow of the country’s publishing products, and as a means of imaging publishing industry statistics (using the example of Sweden). Research methods. Achieving the set goal is carried out using a system of general scientific and special methods: theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalisation, etc.), empirical (description), review and analytical, comparative, statistical, etc.). The methodological basis of the study are general scientific principles of objectivity, complexity, continuity and comprehensiveness. From the standpoint of scientific methodology, the issue is studied on the system approach basis. Scientific novelty. The conducted analysis of the project in data visualisation of the national bibliography of Sweden presents an original approach to imaging some certain bibliographic data set, studying the documentary flow of publishing products, conducting publishing statistics, and informing users more widely in an accessible form. Main conclusions. The national bibliography of Sweden presents current and quality statistics data on the country’s publishing products. Implemented by the Royal Library of Sweden, the project in bibliographic data visualisation shows that the national bibliography, as an authoritative and transparent indicator of tendencies in Swedish book publishing, makes it possible not only to analyse the products publication, but also to clearly and definitely visualise and illustrate it. Visualisation makes it possible to identify certain relationships in the set of information about new publications, to display the distribution of data, as well as composition and comparison. The project demonstrates the ability of the Royal Library of Sweden, as a national bibliographic agency, to effectively and efficiently adapt to the modern media-landscape, and respond to the current demands of time and the users’ needs. Mastering the Swedish experience in data visualisation can contribute to improving the Ukrainian bibliographic practice and transformation of the national bibliography of Ukraine in the digital environment.

Legitimating Policy Branding: Constructing “Sellability” of Sweden’s Feminist Foreign Policy

This article examines how foreign policy branding is legitimated as a response to human rights crises. Drawing on legitimation theory (van Leeuwen, 2007), this study takes a discourse perspective with a focus on the enactment of foreign policy in communication and argues that legitimacy is the foundation for constructing a convincing and credible image of a country and its foreign policy. Building on the example of Sweden’s feminist foreign policy and an analysis of relevant policy documents, three themes were formulated. These illustrate that Sweden’s feminist foreign policy branding was legitimated by framing the policy as a form of “good” activism, creating a knowledge brand of the policy, and aligning the policy branding with established discourses of solidarity. Thus, the study suggests that a branding logic imposed by the attention economy leads foreign policy communication to focus on constructing “sellability” of foreign policy, legitimating it in ways that make it relatable to wider publics. This article contributes to foreign policy communication research through the conceptual development of foreign policy branding.

Global experience in public debt reduction (on example of Sweden, Switzerland, and Iceland)

Public debt reduction is one of the main objectives of budget policy formation in the current crisis conditions. In this regard, the study of the experience of different countries in this area is relevant. Therefore, the aim of the study was to provide recommendations for reducing the debt burden in the Kyrgyz Republic, based on the experience of other countries. The main methods used in the research were historical, comparison and generalisation. The study analysed the factors affecting the reduction of public debt in the Kyrgyz Republic. It was concluded that the components that can help affect the debt burden in the country are inflation, economic development, and a targeted policy of the state to pay debts. It was shown that in the current realities, countries that are successful in this direction most often use the latter approach. In addition, the situation in Sweden, Switzerland and Iceland was analysed directly and the main recommendations were given as to how the Kyrgyz Republic can improve its current situation in terms of debt reduction. These recommendations focused primarily on fighting corruption and improving the situation in the context of institutional development, as well as reducing expenditures to achieve a budget surplus. It was recommended not to increase taxes directly to increase state revenues, but to increase the efficiency of their collection. The data obtained from the results of the study can be used to formulate public policy in the area of public debt and budget management both in the Kyrgyz Republic and in other countries

Citizenship and mobility of the poor: Sweden during the 19th century

AbstractThe distinctive features of the modern form of citizenship include, among other things, that it is both internally inclusive and externally exclusive; that it establishes legal equality so that membership of the state supersedes all other memberships and allegiances; and that it defines membership as independent of residence. These characteristics largely evolved during the “long nineteenth century”, the period between the French Revolution and the First World War. Similar to that of today, the historical situation in which citizenship evolved was one of intensified mobility. With the example of Sweden, this article finds that citizenship, in both its internal and external dimensions, was elaborated partly as a way to manage the mobility of the migrant poor. The contours of citizenship emerged as authorities aimed to control and direct the movement of the poor, which preceded control efforts. This has implications for our understanding of citizenship as well as of the state, and highlights the agency of migrants.

Social protection for older persons: an adequacy – comparative perspective

Introduction: This paper presents the social security institutions used by older persons in selected countries from the perspective of the well-being of the elderly. The authors consider social security institutions for older persons to be old-age pension systems and long-term care systems and, to a limited extent, benefits under the health care system, which, although targeted not only at older persons, in many cases have become the starting point for the development of long-term care institutions.Purpose: The aim of this study is to draw attention to the need of a holistic approach in the protection of older persons and the need for further analysis from the perspective of their well-being. The main assumption is that to obtain the protection picture for older persons it is necessary to assess not simply old age pensions but also other benefit systems.Materials and methods: Description of the social security institutions for older persons with the aim to assess the extent of the social protection they provide. In these assessments the authors employ quantitative data as well as the opinions of national and international experts. This methodology draws on a case study approach.Results: (1) Older persons with decreasing pension amounts will face difficulties in the financing or co-financing of their long-term care costs. The health care for older persons often overlaps with long term care. There are requests for the co-ordination of these two institutions, but in practice this is not easy to achieve. Financial incentives as well as institutional traditions play a role in this respect.(2) Countries that have introduced long-term care systems and are facing rising costs are undertaking many studies on the effectiveness or efficiency of their operations. Some countries have introduced long-term care within the context of population ageing, such as in Korea; unlike in Germany, where the system targets all dependent people. (3) The early application of generous solutions (for example in Sweden or Germany) may foster claimant attitudes and hamper the reduction of pension systems. In Eastern countries, such as Korea, on the other hand, poverty levels are very high because older persons were simply not prepared to be left unsupported.

Bourdieu the ethnographer: Grounding the habitus of the ‘far-right’ voter

This article pushes the work of Bourdieu to more ethnographic directions within international social sciences, particularly studies of everyday (in)security. Thematically, it looks at how transformations in global politics towards increased xenophobia and the normalisation of ‘far-right’ politics can be examined through mobilising ‘Bourdieu the ethnographer’ (Blommaert, 2005). Using the example of Sweden, and an ethnography of everyday life around a refugee resettlement facility in 2013 and 2014, the article argues that Bourdieu the ethnographer provides important conceptual tools for understanding the way in which logics of (in)security shifted ever further into everyday life. This thus offers an interesting way to think about the normalisation of far-right and xenophobic politics more broadly. Through conducting this specific type of Bourdieu-inspired ethnography, the article empirically grounds the ‘habitus’ of the so-called ‘far-right’ voter. Taking seriously the temporal dimension of habitus, Bourdieu the ethnographer orients analysis towards transformation, evolution and flux, allowing ‘far-right’ to be conceived relationally. In the Swedish case, we are thus able to trace the shift from a ‘welcoming’ to an ‘exclusionary’ type of politics.

УРОВЕНЬ УРБАНИЗИРОВАННОСТИ ТЕРРИТОРИИ: КЕЙС ШВЕЦИИ

Against a background of intensively growing urban population as well as expanding urban network and complicating agglomeration forms, the development of a system of objective indicators that would reflect the level of urbanization of a particular territory remains an unresolved problem. The same applies to the system of corresponding calculations. The paper presents a modified version of the authors’ methodology for determining a territory’s urbanization level through the example of Sweden, taking into consideration the individual national and regional characteristics of the country. The use of a scoring system based on indexing the specially selected indicators made it possible to identify the numerical limits of values necessary for grouping Swedish municipalities into super-urbanized, highly urbanized, and medium-urbanized. A comprehensive methodology proposed by the Russian economic geographer Ernest Faibusovich in 2018 was used as a methodological basis. However, it required significant changes to its components in relation to Sweden, which was due to the differences in the criteria applied in Russia and Sweden to categorize different types of settlements according to their population, due to the size of the territory of the country and its individual municipalities. We also introduced a new indicator for indexing – the share of urban areas in the total area of the region. So far, there have not been any studies presented in scientific literature that would make an attempt to determine the level of a territory’s urbanization based on the example of a foreign state. This work can serve as an impetus for further development of this direction in geo-urban studies, and the methodology used can be taken as an analog base when studying states where the principles of territorial planning are close to the Swedish ones.

Сучасний стан державного боргу України та перспективи використання зарубіжного досвіду управління державними запозиченнями

The article is devoted to an important component of the country’s financial security –public debt. The formation of governmental borrowing is caused by the State’s need for additional financial resources. These resources are used to ensure the fulfillment of all tasks set before the State aiming to ensure economic and social prosperity. Improperly developed policy of public debt management will undermine the financial security of the State. To analyze the state of public borrowing, the following indicators were considered: the volume of total, external and internal public debt of Ukraine from 2017 to 2021; the ratio of external, external-guaranteed, internal and internal-guaranteed public debt of Ukraine in 2021. It was determined that over the last 5 years the dynamics of governmental borrowing has been changing from positive to negative and vice versa. The problems of public debt management in Ukraine include inefficient using of borrowed funds; raising loans to cover existing debt; imperfect legislative support; small volumes of gold and foreign exchange reserves; permanent budget deficit, etc. The following prospects for public debt management were identified: a policy to reduce the budget deficit; greater focus on domestic creditors; diversification of investors; fulfillment of IMF lending conditions; simplification of the IGLBs procurement system, etc. The international experience of government borrowing management was also considered. The most effective public debt model that can be implemented in Ukraine is the example of Sweden, where the government launched a policy of reducing public debt through systemic reforms that need to be implemented at all levels of the State management

Modelling and predicting the spread of COVID-19 cases depending on restriction policy based on mined recommendation rules.

This paper is an extended and supplemented version of the paper "Recommendation Rules Mining for Reducing the Spread of COVID-19 Cases", presented by the authors at the 3rd International Conference on Informatics & Data-Driven Medicine in November 2020. The paper examines the impact of government restrictive measures on the spread and effects of COVID-19. The work is devoted to the improvement of recommendation rules based on novel ensemble of machine learning methods such as regression tree and clustering. The dynamics of migration between countries in clusters, and their relationship with the number of confirmed cases and the percentage of deaths caused by COVID-19, were studied on the example of Poland, Italy and Germany. It is shown that there is a clear relationship between the cluster number and the number of new cases of diseases and death. It has also been shown that different countries' policies to prevent the disease, in particular the timing of restrictive measures, correlate with the dynamics of the spread of COVID-19 and the consequences of the disease. For example, the results show a clear proactive tactic of restrictive measures by example of Germany, and catching up on the spread of the disease by example of Italy. A regression tree and guidelines about influence of features on the spreading of COVID-19 and mortality due to this infection have been constructed. The paper predicts the number of deaths due to COVID-19 on a 21-day interval using the obtained guidelines on the example of Sweden. Such forecasting was carried out for two potential government action options: with existing precautionary actions and the same precautionary actions, if they had been taken 20 days earlier (following the example of Germany). The RMSE of the mortality forecast does not exceed 4.2, which shows a good prognostic ability of the developed model. At the same time, the simulation based on the strategy of anticipatory introduction of restrictions gives 2-6% lower values of the forecast of the number of new cases. Thus, the results of this study provide an opportunity to assess the impact of decisions about restrictive measures and predict, simulate the consequences of restrictions policy.

Organization and legal status of ombudsmen in foreign countries: the example of Sweden, Germany and England

Organization and legal status of ombudsmen in foreign countries: the example of Sweden, Germany and England

The Shifting Politics of Public Services: Discourses, Arguments, and Institutional Change in Sweden, c. 1620–2000

AbstractThis article analyses the inherent conflict between public and private interest from a long time-perspective, using the example of Sweden from 1620 to 2000. The main argument is that there have been two equally decisive historical shifts in the political discourse on how to organize public services in the past: First, a shift from an early modern patriarchal discourse to a more expansive articulation of publicness during the nineteenth century. Second, a shift toward privatization and deregulation in the late twentieth century. Both these shifts must be considered to fully explain the changing forms of public organization up to the present day. Theoretically, the concept of “publicness” is used to explain the political discourses on the organization of public services. Drawing on three discursive chains, the argument is that the political development was affected by the politicians’ conception of the political community, the form of organization, and by perceptions of values such as equal access and modernity. Our results demonstrate how and why political arguments for or against private service providers have motivated profound changes in the way public services are perceived of and organized.

Use and intensity of electronic invoices in firms: The example of Sweden

Electronic (e−) invoices potentially enhance environmental sustainability in several stages from production of paper to its usage. This study investigates empirically to what extent a set of firm characteristics and external factors associate with the probability to send e-invoices and with the intensity of usage, based on a representative survey of approximately 1500 Swedish firms. An invoice is considered electronic when it is exchanged in an automated system between the buyer and the seller. The analysis includes firms with one employee or larger across all industries except, agriculture, fishery, forestry, public administration and defence. Descriptive statistics show that 42 per cent of the firms in 2016 send e-invoices. By use of a two-part model, estimation results reveal that both internal and external factors are associated with the e-invoice behaviour. The probability of adoption is significantly higher for firms with government sector clients and a large number of invoices. The intensity estimation exhibits a reverse pattern, where the number of e-invoices is most strongly associated with the invoice pattern. Another internal factor of importance for the extent of e-invoices is the level of labour productivity. Construction firms have the highest probability to adopt e-invoices and manufacturing firms scale-up the usage. Besides this, neither industry affiliation nor size-class is crucial. When size-class is estimated separately, it appears that medium-sized and large firms strongly associate their invoice adoption with type of client, while the extent of the activity is solely related to internal factors. For micro enterprises and small firms, kind of client is the most important aspect at all.

Je li blockchain tehnologija budućnost digitalizacije zemljišnih knjiga?

U radu se daje prikaz osnovnih značajki blockchain tehnologije i analizira mogućnost njezine primjene u radu zemljišnih registara. Razmatra se kako blockchain može unaprijediti sigurnost i transparentnost registra nekretnina, osigurati integritet podataka, ubrzati i olakšati prijenos prava na nekretninama i postupak upisa. Navode se primjeri Estonije, koja je najdalje odmakla u primjeni blockchain tehnologije u javnoj upravi i uspostavila digitalno društvo, kao i primjer Švedske, u kojoj je 2018. dovršena treća etapa pilot projekta o primjeni blockchain tehnologije u radu zemljišnoga registra. Navode se i primjeri Brazila, Hondurasa, Gruzije i Dubaija. Zaključno se razmatra opravdanost uvođenja blockchain tehnologije u hrvatski zemljišnoknjižni sustav.

National court review in environmental matters: part of the problem or part of the solution?

This article constitutes a report on problems that may typically arise for domestic legal practitioners when they are called upon to apply EU environmental law. Strict standing requirements in some countries of Central Europe are mentioned. German Schutznormtheorie is explained and criticised. The ongoing problem of direct access to justice so as to challenge plans and programmes is described. Consistent interpretation in the light of the Aarhus Convention and/or relevant European Union law is presented as a solution. The example of Sweden and Italy shows that the European Union has a remarkable diversity of different systems when it comes to administrative justice. One important issue when it comes to the implementation of European Union law is whether the national administrative judge may carry out an ex officio review of the relevant law or is bound by the grounds of the appeal.

Analysis of life satisfaction of the elderly population on the example of Sweden, Austria and Germany

Under the conditions of population ageing, particular interest is paid to the study of life satisfaction in older ages. The purpose of the article is to assess the level of life satisfaction of the population in old age. The main method is econometric modelling using individual data from the Study of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). According to the results of the study, ageing itself does not necessarily worsen one’s perception of life - there is no evidence from Austria and Spain that all people systematically, regardless of the year of birth, go through a stage of a lower level of life satisfaction. An important factor of life satisfaction is health self-assessment.

Social and Islamic diffusion in the Nordic countries with the example of Sweden by year 2050

The purpose of this paper is to study the Muslim migration flow on the territory of Northern Europe in the last quarter of XX – first half of XXI centuries, the analysis of pattern and genesis of a new geopolitical reality in the region on the example of Sweden, as applied to its state by year 2050. In the process of writing the paper, the authors relied on advanced achievements of scientific thought, described in geographers’ fundamental research (the study was based on the theory of innovations’ diffusion by a Swedish geographer T. Hagerstrand), in sociologists’ works (theory of innovations’ diffusion by G. Tarde and E. Rogers), historians, anthropologists, economists and philosophers’ research. It is the example of Sweden which fully illustrates the paradox of the whole situation and, at the same time, allows to make the main conclusion on the basis of the study conducted in this paper. Thus, in 1975, the Muslim population of the Kingdom was 0.25%; in 2017, according to official data, every tenth citizen is Muslim. Currently, in 2019, Sweden only has a Muslim population exceeding five populations of Iceland. If the same trend continues (without repetition of the European migration crisis of 2015), by 2025-2027 every fifth, and by 2035-2040 every fourth citizen will be Muslim (Fig. 1-9 illustrate this idea). We have studied, analyzed and presented all stages of migration processes development in Sweden from 1995 to 2020 on the generalized cartographic material and predicted it for the period from 2020 to 2050, respectively. By 2020, the Muslim population of Sweden will be more than 20%. This migration diffusion will affect, first of all, 13 of the 25 largest municipalities, where the ethnic, autochthonous Swedish population will appear the minority. And in just a few years, the same situation will happen in the remaining three largest municipalities: Westeros, Orebro and Norrköping. 70% of Stockholm’s residents and every second resident of southern Sweden will be Muslims. By 2050, it is possible to split the Muslim part of Sweden, up to the administrative and territorial change of interstate borders, especially between Sweden and Denmark, where a Muslim agglomeration has already been formed between Copenhagen and Malmö.

Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes) isolated from prosthetic joint infections is less susceptible to oxacillin than to benzylpenicillin.

Introduction: The frequency of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) due to Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes) is increasing, especially shoulder PJIs. The recommended antibiotic prophylaxis for hip and knee arthroplasties is beta-lactam antibiotics, predominantly cephalosporins. However, for example in Sweden, isoxazolyl-penicillin cloxacillin is used. No specific recommendations for shoulder arthroplasties are available. The aim of the present study was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for different antibiotics for C. acnes; and, more specifically, to compare the MIC values for benzylpenicillin and oxacillin.Materials and methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for nine different antibiotic agents were obtained by gradient test (Etest) using strains of C. acnes (n= 57) isolated from PJIs from shoulders (n=31), hips (n=21), and knees (n=5).Results: All isolates had low MIC values for most of the tested antibiotic agents, and showed a wild type MIC distribution. The exception was clindamycin with 9% of the isolates displaying decreased susceptibility. The MIC values obtained for benzylpenicillin were significantly lower than the MIC values for isoxazolyl-penicillin (oxacillin).Conclusion: These in vitro results indicate that benzylpenicillin might be a more effective prophylactic treatment to prevent shoulder PJIs caused by C. acnes. However, further studies on the subject are needed, and the effectiveness of the prophylactic treatment should be evaluated using randomized controlled studies and/or register-based studies.

Hydrogenation of road transport on the example of Sweden and Poland

The article analyzes the activities within the EU and national concerning the introduction of hydrogen fuel in road transport. The advantages and disadvantages of this drive were addressed. A directional program of hydrogen propulsion technology motion was presented on the example of Sweden and Poland. The most recent activities in Sweden regarding the so-called Nordic Hydrogen Corridor European Project.The location of basic hydrogen refueling stations in Poland until 2030 was proposed (HIT-2-Corridors European Project). These stations should be located in both TEN-T corridors running through Poland, i.e. in 1 - Poznan 2 - Warsaw, 3 - Bialystok, 4 - Szczecin, 5 - the Lodz region, 6 - the Tri-City region, 7 - Wroclaw, 8 - the Katowice region, 9 – Krakow, to ensure the possibility of passing vehicles equipped with fuel cells (FCEV - Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle) among others between Western Europe and Scandinavia.

Islamic diffusion of Nordic countries: Sweden

The purpose of this paper is to study the Muslim migration flow to the Northern Europe in the last quarter of the 20th - first quarter of the 21st century, the pattern analysis and the genesis of the new geopolitical reality in the region, illustrated with the example of Sweden. The authors used a considerable amount of sources and literature, devoted to the study of the topic under analyses in order to accomplish the set tasks. Throughout the article, the authors relied on the advanced achievements of scientific thought, outlined in the fundamental studies of historians, sociologists, anthropologists, economists, philosophers and geographers (based on the innovations diffusion theory by a Swedish geographer T. Hagerstrand). Sweden demonstrates the paradox of the whole situation, and at the same time the main conclusion drawn from the study carried out in this paper: in 1975, the Muslim population of the Kingdom was 0.25%, in 2017, according to official data, every 10th citizen was Muslim. In Sweden only, Muslim population which equals to the population of five Iceland’s populations is residing. If this tendency goes on (the events of 2015 unrepeated), then by 2025-2027, Muslim will be every 5th, and by 2035-2040, every 4th person. In 2018, according to unofficial data, the Muslim population of Sweden is balancing between 14,5 and 17,5%. 75% of all Muslims in Sweden live in two agglomerations, of which 53-55% in the metropolis of Stockholm and Uppsala, 20-25% in the capital of Denmark Copenhagen and the Swedish city of Malmö connected by the Öresund Bridge, in the absence of the actual border between the states. This circumstance creates a single region, where, according to the estimates, from 280,000 to 350,000 Muslims are living. Islamic diffusion and ghettonization which are objectively characteristic of northern territories due to their geographic, climatic, and sometimes geomorphologic features only aggravate the emerging situation.

Randomised controlled trials in Scandinavian educational research

ABSTRACTBackground: The Scandinavian countries have a long history of implementing social interventions, but the interventions have not been examined using randomised controlled trials until relatively recently compared with countries like the United States and the United Kingdom.Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the history of randomised controlled trials in Scandinavian compulsory schools (grades 0–10; pupil ages 6–15). Specifically, we investigate drivers and barriers for randomised controlled trials in educational research and the differences between the three Scandinavian countries Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.Methods: To locate relevant trials, we performed a systematic search of four bibliographic databases and a search for grey literature. Results were combined with trials located through direct contact with researchers and government officials. A trial was included if one or more interventions were randomly assigned to groups of students and carried out in a school setting with the primary aim of improving the academic performance of children aged 6–15 in grades 0–10 in Denmark, Norway, or Sweden. We included both conducted and ongoing trials. Publications that seemed relevant were screened based on full-text versions. Data extraction included information from the included studies on grade level, study period, sample size (N), project owner, funding source, and theme. In addition, we conducted two semi-structured interviews by phone or in person with central employees in funding agencies and ministries and 25 correspondences with researchers and policymakers.Findings and conclusion: RCTs in grades 0–10 were few in all of Scandinavia until about 2011, after which there was an increase in all three countries, although at different rates. The largest number of trials has been conducted in Denmark, and the increase is more marked in Denmark and Norway compared with Sweden. International trends towards more impact evaluations and results from international comparisons such as PISA have likely affected the development in all countries, but while many trials in Denmark and Norway are the result of policy initiatives, only one such example in Sweden was identified. We believe the lack of government initiatives to promote RCTs in Sweden is the most likely explanation for the differences across the Scandinavian countries. Funding and coordination from the government are often crucial for the implementation of RCTs and are likely more important in smaller countries such as the Scandinavian ones. Supporting institutions have now been established in all three countries, and we believe that the use of RCTs in Scandinavian educational research is likely to continue.