Example Of India Research Articles

THE IMPLICITY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSPARENCY OF BANK LENDING TO THE REAL SECTOR AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: WORLD EXPERIENCE

The modern development of the global economy is associated with multiple transformational challenges that raise the issue of ensuring an appropriate level of mutual trust between banking and industrial businesses. This issue is especially relevant for Ukraine, which is facing a crucial task - the post-war reconstruction of the national economy on the basis of sustainability, integrity and environmental friendliness. The aim of the paper is to identify implicit links between the transparency of bank lending to the real sector and economic development over the past 15 years in twelve countries, including Ukraine. This study is based on the correlation and regression tools for analysing relationships. As a result, the article confirms the hypothesis of the existence of significant cause-and-effect relationships between improving banking transparency, reducing corruption, growing economic freedom, increasing lending to the real sector and ensuring economic growth for a number of countries, regardless of their level of economic development. It has been found that in countries with steadily high corruption and economic freedom perception indices, the significance of the correlation with the development of bank lending to the real sector is lost. The reasons for deviations from the natural dialectic of the studied relationships are revealed in the example of India and Turkey. The peculiarities of their formation, preconditions and prospects for strengthening in Ukraine are highlighted. The contribution of the National Bank of Ukraine to increasing the level of transparency of lending activities of second-tier banks is investigated.

Friends or Foes: Is Unamendability the Answer to Democratic Backsliding?

Unamendability is often viewed as a ‘lock on the door’ that can keep enemies of constitutional democracy out, at least for a time. Unsurprisingly, it has also been invoked as a potential bulwark democratic backsliding. While it may not entirely thwart authoritarian populist takeovers, unamendability – including in the form of basic structure doctrines or constitutional identity review – is said to at least delay them, buy some time for defenders of constitutional democracy to resist, and clearly signal to the outside world (including supranational institutions such as the European Union) that foul play is afoot. This article questions such easy assumptions about the nature and operation of unamendability, both in general and in an authoritarian populist context in particular. It argues, based on the examples of India and Hungary, that unamendability is a tool either too ineffective to be deployed against authoritarian populists in power, even while courts may not have been fully captured, or one they are just as comfortable wielding as their opponents. For example, the Indian Supreme Court’s hitherto celebrated basic structure doctrine has been useless in the face of the court’s refusal to hear or decide key challenges against the government. Additionally, drawing on the Hungarian case, the article shows the dark side of constitutional identity review includes captured courts defending majoritarianism and exclusion in the name of a national identity perceived as under attack. In other words, doctrines of unamendability may quickly and subversively turn into instruments of entrenching the very authoritarian populist projects proponents of such doctrines abhor.

Assessment of Its Implementation on Safety on Yamuna Expressway

With the promise of fast connectivity between Greater Noida and Agra, the Yamuna Expressway represents modern infrastructure in India. Amidst all this splendor, though, is a grave worry: security. In order to reduce hazards and improve safety standards, this article investigates the complex network of obstacles that has been encountered while implementing safety measures on the highway. Numerous accidents, including fatalities, have been a recurring problem on the Yamuna Expressway since its opening. The expressway's relatively straight and smooth construction makes it easy for drivers to speed and act irresponsibly, which is the main cause of these incidents. Drivers disregard safety protocols and speed limits with complete disregard for the consequences, which is worsened by the lack of effective enforcement of traffic regulations. The absence of necessary safety elements is one of the primary obstacles to guaranteeing safety on the Yamuna Expressway. Poor lighting, inadequate signage, and restricted emergency services are some of the initial shortcomings that have greatly impacted drivers' ability to navigate safely, especially in bad weather or at night. There have been ongoing attempts to resolve safety problems, but the results have been mixed. The expressway's safety infrastructure has been strengthened by the implementation of measures such as crash barriers, better signage, expanded CCTV surveillance, and more police patrolling. Unfortunately, problems with corruption within law enforcement agencies, a lack of staff, and limited resources make it difficult to apply these restrictions effectively. The Yamuna Expressway can only be made safer with a comprehensive plan. A culture of safety among drivers can be greatly enhanced by public awareness programs that promote responsible driving and emphasize the repercussions of reckless driving. Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) integrate cutting-edge tech to improve traffic management and accident prevention via tools like speed cameras, automatic toll collecting, and real-time traffic monitoring. The Yamuna Expressway is an impressive example of India's infrastructure, yet it will remain unfulfilled until the critical problem of safety is resolved. The Yamuna Expressway has the potential to become a model of safe and efficient transportation for the millions of people who use it every day if we recognize the problems, find lasting solutions, and encourage everyone to do their part to keep everyone safe.

When Victors Claim Victimhood: Majoritarian Resentment and the Inversion of Reparations Claims

ABSTRACTFrom the mid‐20th century onwards, diverse groups — whether formerly enslaved populations or victims of mass atrocities — have demanded reparations as part of a wider struggle for justice. However, in the current global climate of right‐wing resurgence, both the recognition of victimhood and demands for justice are in danger of being subverted and hijacked. These developments create additional obstacles to addressing genuine reparations demands. This manifests in at least three ways. First, there is a selective application of victimhood status and recognition, often along old fault lines of race or religion. In this way, the oppression of some groups is no longer recognized as a legitimate object of reparations; indeed, their claims to justice are seen as unfair demands against dominant groups. Second, we see the blatant continuation of the very practices that the reparations movement has sought to establish as wrongs. Third, not content with negating existing demands for reparations from below, powerful groups are going a step further and, as part of supremacist projects, asserting their own right to reparations. In doing this, they use the language and moral claims of reparations and decolonization that have emerged through the global reparations movement. This article seeks to illustrate these developments through the examples of India and Israel, including the demand for ‘restoration’ of sacred sites to Hindus and Jews.

Проблемы устойчивого развития в аспектах мирового энергопотребления и экологической грамотности населения

The Stockholm Conference of 1972 set a set of tasks for the governments of different countries aimed at reducing the anthropogenic impact on the natural environment. The current economic and environmental activities of modern countries are examined using the examples of India, Germany and Russia. India and Germany, which have economies of different levels of development, have a similar need for traditional heat and power resources to ensure sustainable development of the national economy and the implementation of environmental tasks set for the countries by their leadership. Russia is in an advantageous position, having large reserves of fuel and energy resources, allowing it to be independent in choosing development paths. Aware of its responsibility to future generations, our country is actively pursuing a policy of reducing its impact on the environment. The international community of scientists and experts has articulated the major human impacts in 2022, highlighting global warming, biodiversity loss, deforestation, plastic pollution, air pollution, especially greenhouse gases from agriculture, and poor government governance. There are huge food losses due to overproduction and large amounts of food waste amid nearly a billion hungry people in the world. The problem of “fast fashion” is identified, which leads to the generation of significant amounts of fabric waste, including synthetic ones. The last two problems are associated with excessive consumption of a significant part of the world's population, which contradicts the general interest of the population in the environment. The marketing policy of organizations using images of nature protection, aimed at the emotions of people who do not have a holistic picture of the world, a penchant for critical analysis, or sufficient knowledge in the field of environmental and natural sciences, is called “greenwashing”. Countering this policy, aimed at increasing consumption under the slogans of reducing the anthropogenic impact on nature, should be based on a consistent government policy to increase environmental consciousness, education and upbringing of citizens.

Migration processes and their management in South Asian countries on the example of India, Bangladesh and Pakistan

South Asia is a subregion of the world characterized by high migration mobility of the population. The number of emigrants from this region is more than 43 million people, and the number of immigrants is almost 14 million people. Most of them occur in the country’s three largest subregions by population: India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. The purpose of the study is to study the management of migration processes in South Asia. For this purpose, the following tasks were solved: territorial analysis of the direction of migration processes in the largest states of South Asia; studying the features of the regulatory framework in the field of migration policy in the region; analysis of approaches and methods for managing migration processes in India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. The directions of migration processes have been studied through territorial analysis: in the context of emigration and immigration. The author’s maps were compiled based on current migration data. The regulatory framework related to the implementation of migration policies in India, Bangladesh and Pakistan is analyzed. The features of the approaches and methods that are used in each of the three countries in relation to the regulation of migration processes both within South Asia and beyond its borders are identified. The following territorial specificity of migration processes in South Asia can be noted: the subregion is more a donor of international migrants (more than 43 million people) than a recipient (almost 14 million people); emigration is growing most rapidly in India, while in Bangladesh and Pakistan it is more regulated by the state and used as a factor in socio-economic development; Immigration processes are completely different in India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. India is characterized by a concentration of international flows, especially from neighboring countries, while Bangladesh and Pakistan are becoming new homes for refugees from Myanmar and Afghanistan, respectively. Migration processes in the countries of South Asia are characterized by intensive and multidirectional nature. Larger numbers of emigrants come from other subregions of the world, while immigration processes affect nearby countries. If we talk about intraregional migration processes, then India is the country that receives the largest number of immigrants from neighboring South Asian countries. Migration policy is an important part of the dynamic development of any modern state; currently India, Bangladesh and Pakistan are making efforts to formalize and institutionalize this process.

Skill development in the informal hairdressing sector in South Asia: the case of India

ABSTRACT Despite many schemes, barely 5% of India’s workforce is skilled. In India, there is a shortage of trained workers in the informal hairdressing sector, suggesting the relevance of skill development. This is crucial as one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) emphasizes developing skills for vulnerable groups. Thus, this study uses the example of India to explore skill development, engaging an exploratory approach. The study finds that several skill development initiatives are neglected in the hairdressing sector, and some of the programmes fail to provide the desired results. Therefore, rather than expanding the vocational training system, a comprehensive skill development program is required that improves the socioeconomic conditions of the hairdressers, solves gender inequality in the sector, and the problem of skill development to the vulnerable.

Revealing the features of international secondary education systems and their influence on the architecture of buildings of educational organizations (on the example of India)

Secondary education is compulsory all over the world. The implementation of this educational level takes place in school buildings of various sizes and types. It seems appropriate to study the features of the educational systems of the largest countries and their impact on the architecture of the school building with the subsequent systematization of similar and distinctive features with the Russian typology of school buildings in order to find the best options for its transformation in response to changes in external influencing factors. The article discusses the features of the development of the education system in India with an emphasis on the middle level. The current regulatory documents are analyzed, the most typical examples of school buildings are given. The issue of the development of digital education in the country is highlighted.

Migration mobility of the population of South Asiа: On the example of India, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Afghanistan

The countries of South Asia are among the most densely populated on the planet. Active migration processes are observed in the region, which have an impact on the socio-economic development of countries. The statistical data and reports of the International Organization for Migration of the United Nations served as an empirical basis for studying the migration mobility of the population of the countries of South Asia. The study is based on information on the structure of emigration and immigration of India, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Afghanistan in absolute and relative terms. For greater clarity, a cartographic method was used: author’s maps were created that reflect the specifics of migration processes in the countries of South Asia in terms of absolute and relative indicators. The scientific base concerning economic and social development of India, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Afghanistan is systematized. The study revealed the specifics of migration flows in the countries of the region on the basis of statistical information on the emigration and immigration of citizens, calculated in absolute and relative terms. The factors influencing the migration mobility of the population are revealed. A retrospective analysis of migration processes in India, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Afghanistan was carried out to identify similar and different features in their history that continue to influence the current migration processes taking place in the region. The reasons for the popularity of India among migrants from neighboring countries of South Asia are substantiated. The influence of the heritage of British India on modern interstate processes in South Asia is shown. The differentiation of intraregional and interregional migration flows in South Asia is analyzed. An assessment is made of the impact of migration processes on the socio-economic development of India, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Afghanistan. The characteristics of the current features in the migration situation in the countries of South Asia are formulated.

Towards a Regenerative Role of Cultural Heritage in Climate Resilience; the Case of the Indian Water Infrastructure Heritage

Despite great efforts in facing climate change challenges—especially by the UN Paris Agreement, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and companion documents (Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and the New Urban Agenda)—generally speaking, current policies on climate change and Disaster Risk Reduction at both national and international levels have not yet been centrally positioned in respective plans for heritage, and cultural heritage still does not have a central role in such policies. The main aim of this paper is to explore the culture/cultural heritage’s complex interrelationship with climate change by delving into critical issues/gaps and recommendatory encounters of heritage framework in climate change framework and vice versa at the international level and an example in India. Accordingly, this paper showcases a type of Indian Water Infrastructure Heritage; Stepwells, traditional underground water management systems in arid western India which, unfortunately, with modernization, lost their original function and hence, nowadays, most are abandoned. Thus, by the situational analysis of such an Indian urban-scale type of heritage, this paper concludes with critical reflections on the necessity of the systemic relationship among sustainability, conservation, and development, especially in practice and the need to recall the notion of sustainability again.

Humanitarian Diplomacy as a Tool for India's Middle East Strategy

India is among the first responders to Türkiye’s call for international help following the devastating earthquakes which occurred on February 6, 2023. India’s immediate and large-scale relief effort operation has been deliberately named as Operation Dost, which is a common word between Turkish and Hindi, meaning ‘friend.’ This relief operation is the latest example of India’s rising humanitarian aid to the Middle East region. India’s relief efforts in the Middle East include providing scholarships, healthcare services, and shelter for those affected by civil wars, conflicts, and disasters. Although one cannot rule out the moral side of this humanitarian effort, India’s increasing attention in responding humanitarian crises in the region also has strategic dimension. There is an undeniable connection between a state’s foreign interests and its engagement in humanitarian action. Humanitarian aid promotes diplomatic relations with recipient countries, enhancing donor country’s reputation. The Middle East region is a critical energy and remittances source for India. India aims to protect its interests in the Middle East especially after its regional rival the People’s Republic of China (PRC) also increases its presence. Humanitarian aid is an appropriate tool for India to boost its visibility among the countries and the peoples of the Middle East. In long-term, successful humanitarian aid builds up diplomatic capital, strengthening India’s position in the region.

INTELLEKTUAL MULK HUQUQINI BOSHQARISH VA TEXNOLOGIYALAR TRANSFERINI DAVLAT TOMONIDAN QO‘LLAB-QUVVATLASHNING TASHKILIY-HUQUQIY MASALALARI

This article discusses the role and importance of state support in the management of intellectual property rights and technology transfer. The issues of domestic and foreign experience of state programs in this direction are discussed. In particular, the organizational and legal framework of IT technology transfer in Uzbekistan, as an example of India and the Republic of Belarus, was analyzed. The aspect of state participation in intellectual property management from the perspective of not only public but also private law is touched upon. This is demonstrated by the experience of the European Union. At the same time, the issues of improving contractual and legal mechanisms for regulation of technology transfer in IT parks and the expected results were discussed. Comparative legal analysis, methods of logical interpretation, and systematization were chosen as the main methods in this study. Also in the study, the expression of norms of technology transfer is analyzed, and ideas for further improvement of the existing situation in comparison with the legislation of foreign countries are put forward.

On the content and control of silicon in water sources and drinking water (literature review)

Introduction. The problem of the presence of silicon in water sources and drinking water remains relevant, since there is still no sufficient understanding of the role of silicon contained in drinking water in the prevention and development of human diseases, there is no consensus on the need to establish hygienic maximum concentration limits for silicon and the feasibility of monitoring the silicon content in water. There are two opposing points of view on the effect of silicon presented in drinking water: on its definitely positive effects, and on its negative impact on human health. None of these points of view is fully confirmed and definitively proven.
 Literature Search Methods. Literature search methods on Scopus, CyberLeninka, PubMed databases: selective, analytical-synthetic, typological.
 The main part. The review provides evidence of the importance of controlling the content of silicon in drinking water. The results of a number of studies devoted to assessing the ability of silicon supplied with drinking water to counteract the toxic effect of aluminum on brain tissue, thus reducing the risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, are considered. Examples are given of studying the possible relationship between silicon content in drinking water and an increase in cases of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (on the examples of India and Indonesia), and the data on the negative health effects of long-term drinking of silicon-containing water in the silicon province of Chuvashia. Information is also given on the content of silicon in the water of water sources and drinking water in the Russian Federation and abroad, also the currently used methods for the analytical control of silicon in water.
 Conclusion. The problem of the content and control of silicon in drinking water and water sources includes many unresolved issues, which will be considered by the joint actions of toxicologists, epidemiologists, chemists, specialists in hygiene and sanitary protection of water bodies.

Cooperation Between Asian Countries in the Field of Digital Identification of a Person

The author considers the keyways of cooperation between Asian countries in the field of digital identification of a person. The specifics of memorandums on the joint development and development of integration solutions for cross-country digital identification are shown using the example of Singapore, South Korea, India, the Philippines. The dissemination of strategies and approaches to the digital identification of citizens through educational and outreach activities has been demonstrated using the example of China and India. The provision of financial, organizational and methodological support in the creation of national systems of digital identification of a person is considered using the example of India, Sri Lanka and the Philippines. The key areas of application of leading solutions in this area are also presented: the Indian Aadhaar system, Singapore’s Singpass, the Chinese social credit system. The trends of transition to open platform solutions and decentralized methods of digital identification of citizens, which simplify their use both within the country and abroad, are highlighted.

Miłosz Pinned Down?

Miłosz Pinned Down?

TEACHING AT THE RIGHT LEVEL (TaRL) THROUGH THE ALL SMART CHILDREN APPROACH (SAC) IMPROVES STUDENT'S LITERATURE ABILITY

The TaRL approach was developed by Pratham. In his video entitled How to Teach Kids to Read in as Little as 50 Days he says: “All over the world a growing belief is that if you open a school the children will (successfully) learn. But children are not studying, for example in India 97% are enrolled in schools but 50% of children cannot read paragraphs for 2nd graders”. The stages in the implementation of SAC consist of 3 stages: assessment, grouping, and learning according to level/ability. After going through these three stages by carrying out literacy learning for 2 weeks, then a reassessment is carried out. The results of the SAC program assessment can improve children's abilities, namely at the beginner level, letters, words, and paragraphs decreased from 55% to 50%, and at the story level increased from 45% to 50%. The students who progressed to level up reached 30%. The data on increasing students' literacy skills were obtained using the Naturalistic Research method. Grade 1 to grade 6 children are assessed individually. The instrument used is a test. The tests used are letter cards, word cards, paragraph texts, and short story texts equipped with questions about the content of the story.

Heart Disease Prediction using Machine Learning

Abstract: The term "heart disease" refers to any heart disease or condition that can cause heart problems. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, taking many lives each year. CVD is a group of cardiovascular diseases and includes heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease and other conditions. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 17.9 million people worldwide die each year from coronary heart disease. If we take the example of India, every year the number of deaths due to heart disease has increased. Studies show that, from 2014 to 2019 the number of deaths from heart disease increased by 53%. Many threatening factors such as personal and work habits and genetic predisposition are major causes of heart disease. A variety of harmful habits such as smoking, alcohol and caffeine overdose, stress, and inactivity as well as other physical factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and pre-existing heart conditions are the main causes of heart disease. Over time, these harmful substances cause changes in the heart and blood vessels that can lead to heart attacks and strokes. Therefore, prevention of heart disease is very important to prevent these dangerous events and other potential complications of heart disease. Machine learning is a flexible part of AI that helps predict heart disease. In this research work, we will use the UCI database with 14 attributes to predict heart disease. The main goal of this study is to use ML algorithms to improve the heart disease prediction system and to more accurately predict these diseases in patients, thereby reducing the number of deaths by alerting patients. Keywords: Heart Diseases, Classification Algorithms, Machine Learning, UCI dataset.

Relationship between propensity to social innovation and striving for gender equality: sample study based on the example of India

Social innovation is the search for new and conclusive solutions to social problems aimed at improving the welfare of individuals and communities. Studies on social innovation and its implementation, especially with regard to the importance of gender equality and the impact of the gendered perspective on the implementation of such social innovations, are still scarce. Based on Gabriel Tarde’s social theory, our study shows the urgency of addressing pressing social problems. The research objective is to statistically assess the implementation of social innovation in India, specifically from a gendered perspective. 400 responses were collected in August and September 2021 through a structured survey questionnaire which used simple random sampling of probability sampling method. The responses came from the northern states of India (especially Punjab, Delhi, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh). The data analysis was done by means of statistical tests (using the SPSS 25 program) after validating the concepts, and was based on the results of frequency and percentage distribution of responses, one-sample t-test, ANOVA and correlation-regression tests. The study concludes that gender plays an important role in the implementation of social innovation in India, and gender equality must be incorporated into every facet of social innovation to reach its full potential and benefit everyone.

Importing export zones: processes and impacts of replicating a Chinese model of urbanization in rural south India

ABSTRACT This article examines the development of a south Indian “industrial city”, modelled on a Chinese counterpart. The privately-operated city is a key example of India’s new-style Special Economic Zones (SEZs). These represent a national shift, motivated by China’s SEZ success, from enclave-style “export processing zones” to integrated townships. Drawing on fieldwork from 2018, we compare three issues with the Chinese “model”: the city’s establishment and spatial planning; the gendered hiring practices of its firms; and its incorporation of local villages. These three aspects represent different mechanisms through which the “model” is translated into the Indian context, by different actors, with different outcomes. In line with policy mobilities scholarship, we argue that models cannot be straightforwardly replicated, and we call for more attention to the outcomes of attempted replication, in particular the urban development implications of selective, complex, multi-level adaptation of a Chinese “model” and its interaction with local Indian contexts.

Comparative Characteristics of a Subsequent Morbidity Wave COVID-19 in Various Regions of the World

Relevance. The COVID-19 pandemic is characterized by a long undulating course. One of the directions of the dynamic assessment of the incidence of this infection is, as is known, the characterization of the determinants of the epidemic process and the study of the actual effectiveness of various measures.Aims. Were to study the features of the COVID-19 morbidity in the European, American and Asian regions of the world on the example of individual countries with an assessment of the possible impact of regime-restrictive measures on the daily increase in cases.Materials & methods. A descriptive epidemiological study involved the use of the following data on COVID-19: daily increase in new infections in absolute numbers and relative indicators during 1 June 2020 till 30 November 2020 in five countries (France, Italy, USA, Brazil, India) , description and timing of various restrictive measures. Information obtained from open sources (situation reports from WHO, CDC, ECDC, national ministries of health, etc.). Time series characterized, defining sharply differing values, timing and duration of ups and downs, the rate of average daily growth (decline). Statistical analysis was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 26.Results. On average, for the analyzed period of time, 1303 were registered in Italy, 4897, France – 52799, Brazil – 31853, India –50507new cases. The average incidence rate in the compared countries ranged from 500.98 ± 417.06 per 100,000 in India to 4399.43 ± 2390.77 per 100,000 in the US. After the passage of the «first wave» of the incidence of COVID-19, regardless of the region of the world, there was an increase in the daily increase in new cases of SARS-CoV-2 in the summer-autumn period of 2020. Furthermore, with the differences in the morbidity rates in the different countries, there were also characteristics the formation of similar to the region. For the European region (Italy, France), there was a simultaneous beginning of an increase in the incidence in August-September 2020, a similar trend towards exponential growth and synchronous fluctuations in the daily increase in absolute cases of diseases. For the countries of the American region (USA and Brazil), a similar sinusoidal nature of the dynamics of the average daily increase in infection cases and its synchronicity until October 2020 was revealed. The Asian region, on the example of India, had significant differences in the dynamics of the analyzed indicators in comparison with the countries of the European and American regions. Differences in the formation of morbidity in the summerautumn period were more pronounced between the regions and related to the level of average daily growth, the incidence rate, the month of the maximum rise in the incidence in this period, and trend differences. Comparison of the ongoing isolation measures with the daily increase in cases revealed their discrepancy. This could create the preconditions for the activation of the epidemic process of infection and the ineffectiveness of measures.Conclusions. We found that in the five countries examined, the situation developed according to a similar scenario. Nevertheless, in different regions of the world there was a specificity in the involvement of the territory in the epidemic process. A more in-depth study of the timeliness and completeness of regime-restrictive measures against SOCID-19 should include a comparison with the patterns of formation and manifestations of the epidemic process. In turn, this is important for scientifically based implementation and increasing their effectiveness.