Evacuation Locations Research Articles

Studi Lokasi Evakuasi Masyarakat dalam Mitigasi Banjir Lahar Dingin di Sisi Selatan Gunung Marapi

This study aims to: 1) Map the cold lava flow zone on the south side of Mount Marapi. 2) Mapping the cold lava flood hazard zone on the south flank of Mount Marapi. 3) Mapping the location of community evacuation in mitigating cold lava flood on the south side of Mount Marapi. This type of research uses descriptive quantitative approach. Data collection techniques were literacy study, internet searching and field survey. Data processing analysis techniques using scoring and weighting methods. The data visualized in this research are 8 rivers upstream from the south side of Mount Marapi. The results of this research are: There are 3 results of this research: 1) Nagari located in the cold lava flood flow zone on the south side of Mount Marapi are Nagari in Tanah Datar Regency: Sungai Jambu, Parambahan, Limo Kaum, Simabur, Pariangan, Batu Basa, Padang Magek, Paninjauan, Panyalaian, Batipuh Ateh and Sumpur. Nagari in Padang Panjang City: Kota Panjang, Ngalau, Pasar Usang and Ganting. 2) There are 3 classes of cold lava flood hazard zones: low hazard 23.12%, medium hazard 46.44% and high hazard 30.44%. 3) 8 evacuation locations are obtained, namely in Nagari Batu Basa, Nagari Limo Kaum, Nagari Batipuah Ateh, Nagari Padang Panjang and Nagari Simabur.

Tsunami Response in Batu Bengkung Beach Tourism, Gajahrejo Village, Malang Regency

Batu Bengkung Beach in Malang Regency has excellent potential as a natural tourist destination. However, the natural condition which is an area prone to tsunami disasters also cannot be ignored. Safety considerations and minimizing casualties are the main reasons this tour aims to make adjustments to aspects of tsunami disaster mitigation. Likewise for the sustainability of tourism in the future. The method carried out is through qualitative and quantitative data research. Direct observation at the location is also needed to determine exactly the existing conditions, as well as interviews with several resource persons as data reinforcement. The result is the application of aspects of tsunami disaster mitigation that are relevant to existing natural conditions. Aspects of tsunami disaster mitigation that can be applied are, first, the determination or determination of evacuation locations and evacuation routes. By utilizing natural conditions surrounded by hills, these conditions can be an ideal evacuation location. The second early warning is in the form of an alarm or siren warning of a tsunami. Aims to notify of the tsunami disaster and is expected to evacuate immediately. The third erected vertical evacuation buildings in the form of tsunami shelters that met FEMA guideline standards. And finally regular disaster mitigation simulation training.

The Influence of Comic Media Education “SIMEBA” (Siap Menghadapi Banjir) on the Self-Efficacy Level of Flood Disaster Preparedness Among Mts Muhammadiyah Sirau Students in 2023

Background: Floods cause various kinds of losses in the form of property losses and social losses. Floods in Sirau Village routinely occur every year because of the village's geographical location which is concave, but the community is always not ready to make any preparations if a flood occurs, such as planning evacuation locations, carrying out evacuation simulation exercises, not preparing a first aid box or preparing a special place to store archives. important. People need to have good self-efficacy and knowledge to overcome problems in order to avoid their impacts. Method: This research used a pre-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest. The sample was 46 respondents using proportional random sampling technique. Then the Wilcoxon test is used for statistical tests. This research instrument uses a questionnaire to collect data, and comic media as an educational intervention. Results: This research shows that the majority of respondents received a good category after the intervention with a Self Efficacy level of 73.9%. The p value obtained from the Wilcoxon test is 0.00 < 0.05. This means that there is a significant influence on the level of self-ability on preparedness for flood disasters. Conclusion: Good Self Efficacy will influence the Respondent's abilities and skills in managing or dealing with uncontrollable situations such as disasters.

GIS-based identification and analysis of suitable evacuation areas and routes in flood-prone zones of Nakhon Si Thammarat municipality

Floods are a significant issue across Southeast Asia, with Thailand, particularly the Nakhon Si Thammarat Municipality, being heavily affected due to its unique conditions such as heavy rainfall, rapid urbanization, and low-lying coastal position. This study utilizes Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze the flood-prone areas of Nakhon Si Thammarat Municipality, assess its road networks, and identify optimal evacuation locations and routes. Various data layers such as slope angle, elevation, distance from roads, rainfall, TWI, NDVI, land use, soil texture, distance from rivers, stream density, and road density are integrated using the frequency ratio method. The findings reveal areas with very high flood susceptibility, which span 198.78 sq. km (56.74%) at the high frequency level, 299.43 sq. km (37.63%) at the low frequency level, and 284.62 sq. km (53.88%) at the moderate frequency level. During flood scenarios, travel times saw an average increase to 21.4 min, which is a fourfold surge compared to regular conditions, highlighting the impact of floods on evacuation strategies. Upon evaluating the road network under flood conditions and applying network analysis techniques, efficient and safe evacuation routes were determined. The results, which underscore a fourfold increase in travel time during flood scenarios, present valuable insights for emergency management authorities across Thailand and Southeast Asia to devise comprehensive evacuation plans, thereby enhancing regional resilience against future flood events. Furthermore, the methodologies and findings are adaptable and can be applied to other flood-prone regions within Southeast Asia, contributing to improved disaster preparedness and response.

Determine of Potential Evacuation Locations as Disaster Mitigation Against Landslides

Bandar Lampung City has a lowland topography, which is quite diverse in valleys to ridge hills. The city’s development made the face of the city of Bandar Lampung turn into a dense residential area between the hills. Landslide is one of the disasters that often occur in Indonesia. About 15 sub-districts that are prone to landslides in Bandar Lampung, including West Telukbetung, East Telukbetung, South Telukbetung, Bumiwaras, Panjang, Kedamaian, North Telukbetung, Tanjung Karang Pusat, Enggal, Tanjung Karang Barat, Kemiling, Langkapura, Kedaton, Rajabasa and Sukabumi (BPBD, 2018). Research about landslide-prone areas with a geospatial approach aimed at disaster mitigation efforts. The study results will be necessary information about disaster mitigation to minimize loss of life and material. The geospatial approach integrates landslide threat maps with road networks and public facilities. Also, the landslide threat area’s accessibility and affordability functions can be arranged to secure the city’s priority location. The preparation of a landslide threat map begins by compiling an entire dataset in spatial data information from various sources. Whole datasets are arranged based on parameters that affect landslides. Each parameter has a different weight and is summarized in the Overlay method. It is hoped that this research can be used as a reference in disaster management and spatial planning in Bandar Lampung in the future. The determination of public facility services using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method.

Identifikasi Jalur Evakuasi Institut Teknologi Dan Bisnis Nobel Indonesia

Occupational safety and health procedures are very important in every building but are more important in high-rise buildings because they pose unexpected threats, such as fire or earthquakes. Faced with this hazard, an evacuation route is needed to maintain security and safety. The existence of an evacuation route in the building can facilitate the access of building occupants to the evacuation location. This study uses qualitative methods with interviews, documentation, and direct observation. The results of the study show that the evacuation route in the building consists of an evacuation route map and safety signs consisting of evacuation route direction symbols, exit symbols, and assembly points that are placed in accordance with applicable standards.

Generating Evacuation Route for Tsunami Evacuation Based on Megathrust Scenario Hazard Model in Palabuhanratu Village, Sukabumi, West Java

Palabuhanratu Village is one of the villages in Sukabumi, West Java, that is susceptible to earthquake and tsunami risks. This research intends to revise the tsunami hazard map, undertake a spatial analysis of the distribution of evacuation sites, and identify optimal tsunami evacuation routes. The tsunami hazard map was updated using tsunami modeling with COMCOT based on the worst-case scenario of potential magnitude moment 8.8 for the Megathrust segment in the south of West Java from PuSGeN. This modeling was used to predict the worst probable tsunami impact. On the basis of field survey data regarding the location of evacuation sites, evaluation of the distribution of evacuation sites was conducted. In addition, service area analysis is utilized to assess the service area of the present evacuation site in relation to each hamlet in Palabuhanratu village. Approximately 57.33 percent of the town could be affected by a tsunami, according to the findings of this study. The greatest tsunami height along the coast is expected to be between 18 and 22 meters, and the arrival time is 22 minutes. From a total of 35 hamlets, we determined that two hamlets in the Palabuhanratu village area were not harmed by the tsunami. Because not everyone can reach the evacuation location in time, the findings of this study show the need for an additional vertical evacuation site.

Development And Evaluation Of The Webgis Application To Support Volcanic Hazard Mitigation In The Southern Flank Of Merapi Volcano, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia

Merapi Volcano is one of the active volcanoes in Indonesia, which is located in the Central Java and Yogyakarta Province. The eruption of Merapi Volcano is a threat to people living on the slopes of Merapi, especially on its denselypopulated southern flank. The purpose of this study was to build a webGIS to support volcanic hazard mitigation regarding Merapi Volcano and evaluate the webGIS system for determining the community’s perception. This research was the first to produce a product that is used by government agencies related to volcanic disaster mitigation. webGIS development was carried out using an open source platform. System evaluation was carried out using usability testing. The samples were obtained using systematic the random sampling method of respondents who lived in the villages on the southern flank of Merapi volcano. webGIS was built using LeafletJS and QGIS, combined with spatial data about the evacuation locations, health facilities, evacuation routes, government offices, educational facilities and worship facilities, with a basemap obtained from Openstreet Map and Google Satellite. WebGIS was equipped with a database query feature to make it easier for users to find geographical information. The usability testing results showed that as many as 83% of the respondents were very satisfied with the appearance and information of webGIS, while as many as 82% were very satisfied with the navigation offered via the webGIS display.

Optimal junction localization minimizing maximum miners’ evacuation distance in underground mining network

ABSTRACT Safety is a primary consideration in underground mining operations. Accidents could cause fatalities, injuries, and permanent disability of labourers, as well as irreparable financial and reputational losses. As an underground mine consists of many workspaces distributed in various zones, the selection of a junction location will be significant for timely evacuation of miners from different areas. This paper aims to determine the optimal location of the junction point for emergency evacuation in the underground network. The location problem is formulated as a MiniMax problem. Three methods are presented: Elzinga–Hearn algorithm, a three-dimensional extension of the Elzinga–Hearn algorithm, and the Welzl algorithm. The proposed methods are fully implemented in Python, and their functionality is demonstrated by conducting various case studies in 2D and 3D. The case studies showed that the proposed approaches could be used to determine junction point(s) in an underground network to serve as an evacuation location.

Tsunami Mitigation Strategy at Watu Ulo Beach Based on Numerical Modeling Using Delft3D-Flow

The coastal area of Watu Ulo Beach in Jember has great resource potential but also the potential for major disasters, such as a tsunami. Tsunamis can cause casualties and destroy buildings. Thus, it is important to assess the possibility of future tsunami disasters. This study aims to simulate a tsunami at Watu Ulo Beach using Delft3D-Flow to analyze the possibility of affected areas. The tsunami modeling is based on two simulations, namely Scenario 1 as model validation using the characteristics of the 1994 Banyuwangi earthquake. Model validation calculation uses the MAPE method <10%. Scenario 2, modeling the southern Java megathrust earthquake, was analyzed to obtain the time and wave height as well as tsunami run-up and inundation, visualizing the area affected by Watu Ulo Beach. The simulation results show that the tsunami wave height at Watu Ulo Beach reached 12.57 m with a travel time of 29 minutes. The run-up elevation was 9.21 m, and the inundation distance was 2.38 km from the Watu Ulo coastline, indicating that the tsunami caused substantial damage. As an area affected by the tsunami, Sumberejo Village has an inundation area of 634.68 ha, and Sabrang Village has an area of 250.03 ha. The temporary evacuation location for Watu Ulo Beach is set at Tanjung Papuma Street via the shortest route of 0.57 km from the assembly point. Based on the results of this study can be used as a reference for determining temporary evacuation routes and locations for tsunami disaster mitigation in coastal areas.

Sosialisasi Model Lokasi Evakuasi Untuk Mitigasi Gempa Bumi Di Siten, Desa Sumbermulyo, Kapanewon Bambanglipuro, Kabupaten Bantul

Community service activities were carried out in Siten, Sumbermulyo Village, Kapanewon Bambanglipuro, Bantul Regency. The counseling was attended by members of the Family Empowerment and Welfare (PKK) group. Since the 2006 great earthquake, the public has been educated on earthquake response. However, they do not know the relationship between geological features and the value of local wisdom. Earthquakes of small scale and intensity are still being felt. Through service activities, the participants understand the emergency location planning model after the earthquake disaster. The introduction of local wisdom values ​​in the existence of several places becomes a means of educating the existence of geological features in the earthquake disaster area. Some of these places include springs, historical heritage sites, and isolated hill of Gunung Cilik. Based on the optimization of the results of previous research on geological features and Google Earth, an earthquake evacuation location is recommended. Evacuation locations are directed at limestone hills, 1 km to the west from the service location. Google Map can be used by participants to identify the evacuation route. In the discussion, a simulation of the evacuation was proposed to be carried out

Cooperation in Disaster Communication Model in Bali, Indonesia

This study aims to analyse the model of disaster communication carried out by the government, especially the Karangasem Regency Public Relations, toward the communities impacted by the eruption of Mount Agung to lessen the risk of disaster. This research applied qualitative descriptive research with a case study method. The case study method specifically looked at the context of disaster communication in the Mount Agung eruption disaster in Bali in 2017. To obtain in-depth data, a focus group discussion and in-depth interviews were carried out as data collection techniques and the data analysis technique used the Miles and Huberman model. The results revealed that the government’s communication model of Mount Agung disaster management worked together with the community through PASEBAYA. The synergy communication model had effectively handled the Mount Agung eruption disaster, considering that disaster management should involve communication, information, coordination, and cooperation. The communication synergy model was carried out by delivering messages in disaster communication from the government to the community to quickly and accurately reach disaster victims and information related to the appeal to use traditional and technology media to evacuate in safe areas, with evacuation locations and order to bring only essential items when evacuated.

Intelligent evacuation model in disaster mitigation

Mitigation is a pre-disaster action that aims to prepare for a disaster situation. One of the mitigation activities is evacuation, which aims to reduce disaster-related losses. Because disaster damage cannot be predicted, dealing with evacuation efforts requires a dynamic model. This study will utilize a dynamic model that combines the game theory model for choosing the evacuation location and the open vehicle routing problem (OVRP) model for selecting evacuation routes to create an intelligent system. The game theory model will be used to supplement the selection of alternate evacuation locations by taking into account geographical features that are very uncertain in the event of a crisis. An evacuation route equipped with an OVRP model with the goal of optimizing travel time is required to mobilize disaster-affected people. With the development of the Intelligent Evacuation System idea, combining the two models will create a new model. The simulation model is evaluated using linear, interactive, and discrete optimizer (LINDO), which may minimize the evacuation time from the evacuation route to a safe destination by 50 minutes if there is no contra-flow to allow more people to be evacuated.

Decision Support System for Determining Flood Evacuation Locations in Kabupaten Bandung Using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method

West Java Province is one of the provinces with the most flood disasters, which is 863 times and the highest number of floods occurred in Kabupaten Bandung is 228 times. Because floods often occur in Kabupaten Bandung make BPBD (Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah) must respond to this problem, including by choosing a quick evacuation location. Choosing an appropriate evacuation route is very helpful in reducing losses and especially saving people's lives. So we need a computer-based system that can help BPBD in determining which location is most suitable as an evacuation location in Kabupaten Bandung by using the SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) method. This method is a simple weighting method or additional weighting to solve problems in a decision support system. The results of this study are a rank of recommendations for evacuation locations in Kabupaten Bandung. To test the feasibility and suitability of the system, a BlackBox test and user acceptance test was carried out.

MONITORING THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF TODDLERS WITH LILA RIBBONS IN DISASTER SITUATIONS IN CANDIPURO VILLAGE LUMAJANG

The impact of the eruption of Mount Semeru in Lumajang Regency, East Java, was in the form of environmental damage and caused many fatalities. The problem that needs to be addressed is related to the adequacy of nutrition for high-risk groups of people, including infants and toddlers, whose nutritional status and food intake are often not monitored. As an effort to overcome nutritional problems that arose after the eruption of Mount Semeru in Candipuro Village, Lumajang Regency. Monitor the nutritional status of toddlers aged 6-59 months who are at the evacuation site in Candipuro Village by measuring the Upper Arm Circumference (LiLA) using the Toddler LiLA tape and carried out for 1 month from the preparation stage, implementation to activity reporting. This Community Service activity was carried out at the Candipuro Village evacuation site with a target of 25 toddlers aged 6-59 months, and the results showed that the Toddler LiLA measurement that was carried out was declared successful because the toddlers whose nutritional status was monitored were confirmed to have good nutritional status while in the evacuation location. This activity is prioritized for toddlers because infants and toddlers are the most vulnerable group and require special nutritional treatment in the technical response to health crises due to disasters. It is stated that monitoring toddlers' growth must be carried out every month so that if toddlers experience nutritional problems, they can be handled more quickly and resolved.

The development of Firefly algorithm with fuzzy logic integration for priority search simulation of flood evacuation routes

Heavy rain in a particular area can cause flooding in both the primary area and the surrounding area. A flood is an event where water is inundated in an area due to increased water volume. Due to high level of water and other hazards arising from flooding, flood victims need to move to a location prepared for evacuation. To get to that location prepared, the victims must get through a safe route. Searching for safe evacuation routes is important to save flood victims and bring them to the evacuation centre safely. Search for evacuation routes related to obstacles on the road to get through. Slippery roads, high puddles of water on the roads, rivers that are located close to the roads that flood victims will have to get through, drainage of waterways and the vulnerability of victims are taken into consideration in choosing a route to get to the evacuation location. There are several problems in choosing a safe route: (1) how to take into account the obstacles on the road to be passed (2) how to choose the priority of the route to be passed with the obstacles encountered. The proposed solution to deal with the problems encountered are (1) to take into account road obstacles by giving the obstacle weights. Fuzzy logic is used to calculate the value of obstacle weights (2) the problem of selecting route priorities will be solved using the firefly algorithm. The firefly algorithm is an algorithm inspired by the social life of fireflies. The priority route for evacuation of flood victims is sought using the method proposed in this study which is the optimal route. The optimal route referred to in this study is the route that has the smallest obstacle weight value. The simulation results show that the fuzzy logic integrated into the firefly algorithm (FuFA) provides a safe route priority, indicated by the smallest obstacle weight value.

Analysis of landforms, early warning system, locations and evacuation paths for reducing flood disaster risk in Sragen, Central Java, Indonesia

One of the areas in Central Java Province that is prone to flooding is Sragen Regency. The distribution of flood disasters occurs in commensurate rivers and river confluences in lowlands which are dominated by settlements and agricultural land. The purpose of this study was to analyze the distribution of landforms along riverbanks in residential areas and rice fields, refugee shelter locations and evacuation routes for handling disaster risk reduction. The research method is grounded research by recording the population census and public facilities at the affected residential locations. Determination of evacuation locations and routes by using evacuation criteria parameters and safe distance parameters to determine the classification of refugee evacuation locations. The results of the study found that there was a lack of understanding of the landforms of river borders for agricultural and residential land, the utilization and loss of embankments on comparable rivers, especially in areas of interconnection between rivers in the lowlands. To minimize the risk of flooding, it is necessary to add EWS, river border land that is already owned by the community, the use of right of use must be gradually returned as a river border and the selection of the right location and route evacuation.

PENENTUAN LOKASI DAN JALUR EVAKUASI TSUNAMI DI KABUPATEN CIANJUR JAWA BARAT

The villages of Sukapura, Cisalak, and Jayapura in Cidaun Subdistrict, Cianjur Regency, West Java are three of the 584 villages on the south coast of Java which are very prone to tsunamis with a high hazard class. In the 2011-2031 Cianjur Regency Spatial Plan, the area designated as the site and route for tsunami evacuation is very far from the villages of Sukapura, Cisalak and Jayapura. The purpose of this study was to identify the site and route of tsunami evacuation in the three village areas. The method used in this research is tsunami run-up modeling with a model builder to measure the tsunami inundation area. Determination of tsunami evacuation sites uses overlay analysis, while determining tsunami evacuation routes uses network analysis. The results of this study, there are 17 tsunami evacuation sites and 5 tsunami evacuation routes to the nearest evacuation location in each village area. The research is expected to provide an overview for the local community and advice for the government in order to increase awareness and mitigate tsunami disasters.

Participatory Mapping of Tsunami Evacuation Routes (Case Study of Karangbenda Village Cilacap Regency)

Indonesia is one of the countries with a high tsunami risk, in this case the community plays an important role in disaster management, one of which can be done through the preparation of a tsunami evacuation route map which can be done through participatory mapping. This research was conducted in Karangbenda Village, Adipala District, Cilacap Regency, the purpose of this study was to determine how the skills of the community in determining tsunami evacuation routes were compared with the criteria for evacuation locations and effective evacuation routes and to test the effectiveness of tsunami evacuation routes prepared by the community. Data collection in this study was carried out through focus group discussions (FGD) and field surveys. The results show that the community can arrange a tsunami evacuation route properly, the evacuation route consists of the evacuation location and evacuation route, the designated evacuation location is in accordance with the evacuation location criteria and the evacuation route is in accordance with the route obtained through network analysis. The effectiveness level of the tsunami evacuation route was 98.82% and there were some people who were unable to reach the evacuation location within the specified time, totaling 36 people who were in the area of Dusun Congot to be precise in RT 02 / RW 02 because of the long distance from the evacuation location.

Assessment of potential locations for evacuation in Depok Municipality using images from UAV

This study aims to perform assessment of public facilities in Perumnas Depok Utara, Depok Municipality, Indonesia for evacuation locations using images from UAV. A UAV device, a DJI Phantom 4 was flown at 100 metres height to capture seven locations of public facilities located within Perumnas Depok Utara residential area. Raw images from DJI Phantom 4 underwent image processing and georeferencing process to generate smooth aerial images. Public facilities locations were identified from acquired images and later digitized to generate layers of assessment parameters. Each locations were scored based on rating of all criteria’s parameters. Seven criteria serve as foundation layers for evacuation assessment namely size, ownership, availability, capacity, infrastructure, transportation and safety. Study result shows that Jawa Soccer Field is the first rank of potential evacuation location while Balai Rakyat Meeting Place is the least potential evacuation location. Total area for potential evacuation locations around 43,000 m2 and can accommodate 28,961 people or equal to 60.5% of Beji Village’s population.