Ethical System Research Articles

Gamification for Mental Health and Health Psychology: Insights at the First Quarter Mark of the 21st Century.

The concept of gamification, originally rooted in digital media and game design, has increasingly emerged as a pivotal element in psychology and engagement strategies. Its application spans diverse domains within healthcare, offering innovative solutions to transform patient care through behavior modification and heightened engagement. This contemporary perspective explores theoretical frameworks and provides a critical interdisciplinary examination of current advancements in gamification for mental health and health psychology, identifying existing knowledge gaps and projecting future trends and research directions within these contexts. Based on this, concise criteria for designing, implementing, and evaluating gamification in healthcare, aligned with acknowledged best practices to promote ethical, fair, and trustworthy systems, are outlined, establishing a robust theoretical framework to design gamified interventions and scientifically evaluate their impact.

Between “Jing 敬” and “Cheng 诚”: A Linguistic Study of the Internalization Process in the Pre-Qin Confucian Ethical System

Between “Jing 敬” and “Cheng 诚”: A Linguistic Study of the Internalization Process in the Pre-Qin Confucian Ethical System

The role of moral integrity in the association between moral self and moral sensitivity among nurses: A mediation model.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between moral self, moral integrity, and moral sensitivity in decision-making among nurses. Background: nurses face moral dilemmas almost on a daily basis. Studies have demonstrated that nurses with high moral sensitivity make thoughtful decisions and exhibit professional responsibility. The current study seeks to examine personality variables that may be related to moral sensitivity among nurses. Design: A cross-sectional study. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the IRB of the authors University's ethics committee (number: AU-HEA-LO-20220317). Written consent was obtained from all participants. Methods: A structured questionnaires were administered to a sample of 187 Israeli nurses. Results: The degree of nurses' moral self, moral integrity and moral sensitivity was relatively high. "Patient-centered care" was found to be the most significant component of moral sensitivity. The next component is "Using knowledge bases," followed by "Exercising professional judgment." While the concept of patient-centered care was found to be related to the nurses' moral self, the other components were found to be related to their moral integrity. The mediation model found that moral integrity mediates and even strengthens the moral self in its connection with moral sensitivity. Conclusions: Understanding the role of moral self and moral integrity in explaining moral sensitivity, can contribute to achieving a desirable combination of "the good and the right" in nursing practice, thereby enhancing nurses' work. From a practical perspective, these findings are also relevant to nursing education. Nursing education plays a pivotal role in fostering moral and ethical decision-making in both clinical aspects and ethical moral sensitivity. Strengthening the moral self and moral integrity among nursing students can aid in making balanced and morally sensitive decisions while also building moral and ethical support systems to assist students in distressing and emergency situations.

Ethical Considerations in Human-Centered AI: Advancing Oncology Chatbots through Large Language Models.

The integration of chatbots in oncology underscores the pressing need for human-centered AI that addresses patient and family concerns with empathy and precision. Human-centered AI emphasizes ethical principles, empathy, and user-centric approaches, ensuring technology aligns with human values and needs. This review critically examines the ethical implications of employing Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3 and GPT-4 in oncology chatbots. It examines how these models replicate human-like language patterns, impacting the design of ethical AI systems. The paper identifies key strategies for ethically developing oncology chatbots, focusing on potential biases arising from extensive datasets and neural networks. Specific datasets, such as those sourced from predominantly Western medical literature and patient interactions, may introduce biases by over-representing certain demographic groups. Moreover, the training methodologies of LLMs, including fine-tuning processes, can exacerbate these biases, leading to outputs that may disproportionately favor affluent or Western populations while neglecting marginalized communities. By providing examples of biased outputs in oncology chatbots, the review highlights the ethical challenges LLMs present and the need for mitigation strategies. The study emphasizes integrating human-centric values into AI to mitigate these biases, ultimately advocating for the development of oncology chatbots that are aligned with ethical principles and capable of serving diverse patient populations equitably.

Call of duty: rethinking the relationship between economics and ethics in teaching – walking in the footsteps of Albion Small

This paper argues that economics education needs to be underpinned by a new ‘system of ethics’ whose goal is to help students achieve a better understanding of today’s global challenges. Given the absence of a single universal truth in ethical matters, this ‘system of ethics’ combines Weber’s ‘ethics of conviction’ and ‘ethics of responsibility’ in a way that aims to instill in students ‘attitudes’ in reference to global ends and social values as advocated by Albion W. Small. An ethical approach to economics education forces us to consider relations of power in economic activities and, for that reason, to recognise that the production and distribution of economic resources is a matter of justice. It forces us to consider the question of what kind of society we want and how we can improve the common good. This new ‘system of ethics’ to be promoted in economics curricula requires economics professors to answer a ‘call of duty’ which should be reflected by their teaching methodology and course contents. I use courses dealing with money and finance as an example to showcase this new ‘system of ethics’.

Konsep dan Urgensi Pancasila Sebagai Sistem Etika

Pancasila, as the basis of the Indonesian state, not only acts as a constitution but also as an ethical system that underlies national and state life. In the midst of the challenges of globalization and modernization, the values ​​of Pancasila are experiencing significant tests. This article explores the concept and urgency of Pancasila as an ethical system, highlighting the reasons for the need for Pancasila as a moral guide in everyday life. Through historical, sociological and political approaches, this article analyzes the dynamics and challenges faced by Pancasila as an ethical system. A deep understanding of the essence of Pancasila as a source of values ​​and the urgency of its existence in shaping national character is the main focus of the discussion.

Family therapy and the ecology of parallel universes

AbstractAstrophysicists and cosmologists seriously propose that our universe, with its three dimensions and local physical bylaws, is one of an infinite number of parallel universes. This paper discusses the relevance of these ideas for contemporary systemic family therapy, such as thinking about the therapist's positioning in relation to the family. Ideas such as the anthropic principle suggest each meeting of a therapist and family forms a unique systemic entity or singularity with its own universe of by‐laws peculiar to a location in time and space. We are like travellers between parallel family therapy universes where the therapist's epistemology, theory or model is less important than how therapists and clients position themselves towards each other. This ecological positioning encompasses contextual, emotional, cultural, ethical and spiritual belief systems.

Christian Motifs and Images in the Short Story by V. G. Korolenko “In a Bad Society”

The article analyzes Christian motifs and images, evangelical quotations and reminiscences that make up an important semantic layer of the work.In the center of the events is the fate of a six-year-old boy (the hero-narrator), who, after the death of his mother, experienced the “horror of loneliness” and is looking for a “soul mate.” It is established that such evangelical reminiscences as “separating sheep from goats” (Matthew 25:32), “helping others” (Matthew 25:33‒46), make it possible to identify the axiological coordinates of the inhabitants of the Ukrainian town where the protagonist’s family lives. It is shown that the behavior of the townspeople explicates such a phenomenon of religious life as Pharisaism, recalling the conversion of Christ to the Pharisees (Matthew 25:27‒28). The text includes an allusion to the biblical story of Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen. 13:13) and parallels the situation to that in the small town in western Ukraine which exists only by virtue of three righteous people living there, one of whom is the narrator’s father. Also, the mention of the biblical prophet Jeremiah doesn’t seem accidental: he had to convert the people who had departed from the faith, knowing well that his calls to repentance would remain fruitless (Jer. 20:8). The events of the short story show that the boy’s personality is formed under the influence of beggars and vagabonds, as opposed to ordinary people who seek to observe the moral law. It has been determined that an important place in the plot structure is occupied by the good/evil, life/death and heart/stone oppositions, which outline the main differences in the characters’ ethical systems. According to the conclusions, in the imagined world of the short story, the inhabitants of Princetown, whose hearts have hardened, are the antithesis of the boy Vasya and his friends from the dungeon with merciful and sympathetic hearts. Their very existence seems to remind readers of the well-known words of the Savior: “…unless you turn and become like children, you will not enter the Kingdom of heaven” (Matthew 18:3).

Development of Sparkol Videoscribe Interactive Video Learning Media Integrated with Case Method on Pancasila Material

This study aims to develop an interactive Sparkol VideoScribe learning video integrated with the case method in the Pancasilacourse, which will enable students to understand the Pancasila material better. The problem is the lack of interactive learning mediathat students can access, especially when learning Pancasila. This research uses the type of research development (Research andDevelopment) with the 4-D development model with the stages of defining, designing, developing and dissemination. Thedevelopment stages are integrated in the activities of 1) Integration of Pancasila material, namely the History of Pancasila Formulation, Pancasila as an Ethical System and Pancasila as the Basis for Science and Technology Development; 2) Integrating the material that has been developed into the Sparkol VideoScribe application; 3) Development of Sparkol VideoScribe Interactive Video integrated with Case Method; 4) Preparation of validation instruments and validation of Sparkol VideoScribe Interactive Video Integrated with Case Method by material experts and media experts; 5) Implementing videos that have beendeveloped to students while reflecting and evaluating; 6) Disseminating research products to students. The results of this studyare based on the results of material expert validation obtained a result of 85% with the category "Very Valid". In addition, basedon the assessment of media experts, the result is 75% with the category "Valid". Based on the assessment results from material andmedia expert validators, the interactive video learning media Sparkol VideoScribe is suitable for use in the Pancasila learning process.

Pancasila Sebagai Sistem Etika

Ethics is a science that discusses the habits and customs that develop in society. Pancasila as an ethical system in Indonesia is closely related to the basic values contained in the five precepts of Pancasila. The purpose of Pancasila as an ethical system is to find out the reasons related to it, political sources, historical sources, and sociological sources of the ethical system in Pancasila. In addition, it can find out the dynamics or challenges and urgency and essence of Pancasila as an ethical system. The method used is a qualitative research method with a study or literature study approach. The results of this study are that Pancasila plays an important role for Indonesian citizens in regulating appropriate behavior or behavior and is a guideline and foundation for society in ethics.

Analysis of the repercussions of Artificial Intelligence in the Personalization of the Virtual Educational Process in Higher Education Programs

This study examined how artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the personalization of the virtual educational process in higher education programs. A systematic review of literature published between 2012 and 2023 was carried out, evaluating empirical studies, reports and review articles available in academic databases such as IEEE Xplore, SpringerLink and Google Scholar. Methods discussed include intelligent tutoring systems, learning analytics, and recommendation systems. The results showed that AI significantly improved the personalization of learning. Intelligent tutoring systems provide real-time adaptive feedback, adjusting content and pacing based on students' individual needs, improving their understanding and retention. Learning analytics helps identify student behavior patterns and predict academic issues, thereby facilitating timely interventions that help improve performance. Additionally, recommender systems personalize study materials based on student preferences and progress, thereby optimizing the educational experience. However, significant challenges have been identified, such as the need to protect data privacy and mitigate algorithmic biases that can affect the fairness and efficiency of these systems. In conclusion, the integration of AI into virtual higher education has enhanced the personalization of learning, improving both student satisfaction and academic performance. However, there is a need to continue to focus on developing ethical and equitable AI systems to address identified issues and maximize educational benefits

Transformation of Islamic Economics: Opening Halal Opportunities Amid the Dynamics of Society 5.0

Various correlated variables affect the transformation of the Islamic economics in the context of society 5.0. These variables include halal supervision and certification, public awareness of sharia principles, product and service innovation, collaboration between Islamic financial institutions and technology companies, and integration of advanced technology. New product and service innovations, such as sukuk bonds and Islamic mutual funds, also contribute greatly to the transformation of the Islamic economics. On the other hand, the integration of technologies such as fintech and blockchain has increased accessibility and transparency in Islamic financial services, and increased public awareness of the benefits of the Islamic economics has increased demand for Islamic goods and services. Technology companies and Islamic financial institutions work together to produce innovations in Islamic financial services, while technologies such as blockchain ensure authenticity and transparency in the halal industry. Understanding these components is important in transforming the Islamic economics towards a more inclusive, sustainable and ethical economic system in a 5.0 society.

Face Recognition Based on Deep Learning: A Comprehensive Review

Face recognition technology has undergone transformative changes with the advent of deep learning techniques. This review paper provides a comprehensive examination of the development and current state of face recognition techniques influenced by deep learning. We begin by discussing the fundamental deep learning models that have dramatically enhanced the accuracy and efficiency of face recognition, highlighting pivotal architectures such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and autoencoders. Subsequent sections delve into the application of these models in various environments and challenges, such as different lighting conditions, occlusion, and facial expressions. We also address the integration of deep learning with emerging technologies such as 3D facial reconstruction and multimodal biometrics. Furthermore, the review explores the ethical, privacy, and bias concerns inherent in facial recognition systems, focusing on the need for responsible and fair practices in AI. Finally, future directions are suggested, focusing on the need for robust, adaptable, and ethical face recognition systems. This paper aims to provide an important resource for researchers and practitioners in the field of computer vision, providing insight into the technological advances and ongoing challenges in deep learning-based face recognition.

Pancasila sebagai Sistem Etika

Pancasila and ethics are intertwined because they both teach positive values. Pancasila ethics are based on Pancasila values, such as divinity, humanity, unity, populism, and justice. From these values, the Pancasila ethical system emerged which serves as a guideline for individual behavior in social life in Indonesia. The Pancasila ethical system continues to be developed in its implementation, so that every step and effort of the Indonesian people in achieving common goals can be directed correctly. This research uses a qualitative approach with literature study methods or literature research. This research focuses on written works, including research results that have been published. The main source of data for this article is the results of research published through google scholar. Data collection is carried out using the keywords "Pancasila" and "ethical system". Data analysis was carried out qualitatively with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The findings of this research are that the application of Pancasila as an ethical system is moral guidance that can be actualized into concrete actions, involving various aspects of life. Pancasila as a state ethical system also needs to be applied as the foundation of morality and state integrity that is hidden in every individual citizen so that he can master spiritual and mental attitudes in community life. Critical-analytical studies are also needed to find out if the element of subjectivity is fanatical and avoidable

Approaches for Maintaining Ethics in AI-Drive Education Solutions and Foster Sustainability

Abstract This article introduces sequential strategies regarding the way to use artificial intelligence as a learning facilitator for both teachers and students while preserving ethics and the legislative norms launched. Learning solutions are proposed to be used both by students, to study at school, but also at home, and by teachers to meet all the needs of students. The intelligent systems that are in general proposed to be part of the educational process can be designed so that the norms of ethics and responsibility are taken into account and as many actors involved in the educational environment, whether they are teachers, students, people who run educational institutions or decide to country level to be as it embraces with a much higher level of confidence artificial intelligence learning systems. For this work, a qualitative analysis was carried out to answer the question of how learning systems implemented with artificial intelligence should be built so that ethical principles are not neglected. While ensuring a sustainable environment. Specifically, a review of academic articles was conducted to highlight the concerns and importance of artificial intelligence in education. An analysis was also made of documents produced by specialised institutions such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), U.S. Department of Education, World Economic Forum, European Commission, European Parliament, Council of the European Union, and The Institute for Ethical AI in Education on the topic of ethics in artificial intelligence and and the guidelines outlined for building ethical systems and including sustainability. In the conclusion section of the article, admissions are made that there is necessary support from the institutions, so it is still possible to make educational systems with artificial intelligence that respect ethical norms and pay attention to sustainability.

Bridging the Chasm Between Intentions and Behaviors: Developing and Testing a Construal Level Theory of Internal Whistle-Blowing

The recent wave of corporate scandals has necessitated a more systematic investigation of internal whistle-blowing as a potential way to prevent wrongdoing. Our understanding of whistle-blowing, however, has been hampered by a deep chasm that exists between employees’ intent to blow the whistle and their whistle-blowing behaviors. We argue that to fully bridge this gap, we need to consider employees’ cognitive states at the time of whistle-blowing intentions versus behaviors and to link these cognitive states to the ethical systems within the organization’s ethical infrastructure to understand which systems are more effective in cultivating whistle-blowing intentions and which systems help translate those intentions into behaviors. Across one multisource field study and one multiwave experiment, we found support for our arguments that top management values-based communication systems, which are more high construal (abstract), affect whistle-blowing intentions whereas ethical accountability systems and ethical retaliatory systems, which are more low construal (concrete), moderate the relationship between whistle-blowing intentions and behaviors. By linking ethical systems within the organization’s ethical infrastructure to the two stages (intentions and behaviors) of the whistle-blowing process and the accompanying cognitive states, we develop and empirically test a construal level theory of internal whistle-blowing. Funding: This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Singapore, under its Academic Research Fund Grant Calls [MOE 2019-T2-1-192 and MSS16B012].

Ethik (Ethics)

Does Goethe’s work contain an ethical system? Goethe’s life coincided with the flowering and end of ethics as a philosophical discipline, and his two Wilhelm Meister novels—Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre (1795–96; Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship) and Wilhelm Meisters Wanderjahre, oder die Entsagenden (1821/29; Wilhelm Meister’s Journeyman Years, or the Renunciants)—constitute a reflection in the position of the individual in the Age of Ethics. In the Lehrjahre, Goethe narrates the travails of the individual in a world no longer secured by the moral cosmology of Christianity, while, in the Wanderjahre, he paints a picture of a fragmented world, dominated by the single value of utility, in which the individual seems scarcely to play any role at all. Each novel contains a sustained engagement with a philosophical ethics—the former, that of Kant and his notion of the Ideal; the latter, that of Spinoza and the relationship between the part and whole—that it seeks not to represent, but rather to adapt as a narrative and hermeneutic practice. In this way, both Wilhelm Meister novels stand, together, as one single plea for an artistic ethics in a world at once administered and disintegrating.

Re-enchanting the World: Pope Francis’s Critique of the “Technocratic Paradigm” in Laudato Si’ and Laudate Deum

The first part of this article offers a systemic comparison of Pope Francis’s “integral ecology” with the “technocratic paradigm.” The second part is devoted to an internal critique of the paradigm: (i) the primacy accorded instrumental causality in a “disenchanted world,” (ii) the technical reduction of prudence, and (iii) the consequent fragmentation of ethical systems. The critique supports key aspects of Francis’s ecological ethics: the option for the poor, intergenerational responsibility, and recognition of the intrinsic value of nonhuman nature. The third part shows how such an internal critique underwrites the uses of religious rhetoric in public reasoning: the re-enchantment of the world.

The ethics of artificial intelligence in healthcare: From hands-on care to policy-making.

Contemporary healthcare at all levels increasingly uses Artificial Intelligence (AI). However, since the various levels involve different tasks, have different data needs, and different ethical obligations, the AIs that are used have to be differently structured. Also, since healthcare construed as a commodity involves different ethical parameters from healthcare construed as a right, and different ethical systems entail logically distinct considerations, this also necessitates the need for differently structured AIs. This column sketches how and why this is the case. It concludes with a brief look at why AIs programmed into quantum computers would not change this.

UAV-Based Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review, Current Trends, and Research Challenges

The rising popularity of drones significantly impacts package delivery services, offering both unique opportunities and challenges. This survey explores the diverse applications of drones for last-mile deliveries, highlighting their capacity to access remote areas and create new business prospects. Use cases, ranging from critical medical deliveries to addressing COVID-19 pandemic needs, underscore the transformative potential of drone technology. While recognizing drones’ eco-friendly attributes in eliminating harmful gas emissions, the survey addresses battery constraints, necessitating an investigation into physical energy models to extend flight autonomy. This becomes crucial for operational capabilities, especially in adverse weather conditions. A reliable communication infrastructure is crucial for the success of drone operations in package delivery, especially during unexpected events, as seamless connectivity plays a key role in facilitating efficient control and monitoring between ground stations and drones. This enables dynamic rerouting, enhancing overall delivery reliability. The survey explores innovative approaches, including collaborations with other vehicles like trucks, trains, and buses, optimizing the last-mile delivery process. Despite the transformative potential, concerns about privacy, security, safety, and risk management in drone delivery are acknowledged. The work also emphasizes responsible and ethical implementation, considering diverse concerns associated with widespread adoption. In contrast to existing survey articles focused on specific technical aspects, this comprehensive survey broadens its scope. It covers ethical issues, sustainability aspects, healthcare systems, physics models, innovative approaches, reliable communications, security and safety concerns, and real test-beds in drone-based delivery systems. The survey not only identifies potential applications and tackles technical challenges but also integrates broader considerations. In addition, this work extensively explores the motivations, lessons learned, and future directions in the realm of drone delivery. Analyzing existing literature, it provides valuable insights for researchers, industry professionals, policymakers, and stakeholders keen on understanding the dynamic evolution of drone technology in the package delivery domain.