Essence Of Innovation Research Articles

ІННОВАЦІЙНІ НАПРЯМИ В АГРОТУРИСТИЧНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

The article highlights the essence of innovation in agritourism. The main directions of innovative development taking into account foreign experience are considered. It is emphasized that agritourism must be constantly changing, as stability often means stagnation and leads to loss of competitiveness in the market of agritourism services. Presented by the results of a questionnaire survey on the introduction of innovations in agritourism by type, which was conducted among the owners of farmsteads in Lviv region. It is determined that most owners of farmsteads use marketing, social and product innovations. Proposals for the introduction of a number of innovations in agritourism have been formulated. Some of them have no analogues in Ukraine, others ‒ provide for the improvement of existing methods of agritourism. The following innovations in agritourism are offered: Weekend agritourism, Agrotourism, All inclusive, “Single Family” Program, Business Consultations, Agrotourism open-air museums, Ecological program “Clean Land”, Landscape at 360 °, Farm webcams. The driving force behind the development of agritourism is the introduction of innovations. It is impossible to move forward in this area and successfully develop your agritourism business without changes and innovations. A conceptual model of innovative development of agritourism is proposed. The generalized model envisages key directions, types of innovations according to the level of novelty and the main stages of introduction of innovations in agritourism. The first stage is the initiative of entrepreneurs who identify the main problems, needs and tasks, as a result of which is the generation and search for new ideas in agritourism. The second stage involves the development of new ideas based on the collected information base through analysis and synthesis in collaboration with relevant experts in various fields, as well as the selection of the most promising ideas and solutions, which are subsequently transformed into agritourism innovations. The third stage is the management of innovation in agritourism. During this period, its effectiveness is assessed, as a result of which the innovation is successfully implemented, returned for refinement or completely rejected.

Implementation of social and ecological innovations of cities of the Western Ukraine

Recently, the global economic community has been focusing on the importance of accelerated innovative development of the national economy. World institutes predict scientific and technological growth as the main engine of survival of enterprises and countries in today's competitive environment. Concerning the formation of innovation infrastructure, it is advisable to define the latter as a set of related and complementary production and technical, information and communication structures, enterprises, management systems, necessary and sufficient for successful reproduction of innovation, as well as implementation and dissemination of innovations to implement innovation strategy development. Infrastructure should promote the territorial spread of innovations or scientific and technical capabilities of the state to satisfy public interests. Thus, innovation should be considered a complex process of creating, disseminating and using a new practical tool for a new social need. Management of the formation of the market of ecological innovations at the state level is designed to ensure the reproduction of ecological demand, ecologically oriented production base, human factors and motives for greening. The eco-innovation market is a segment of the overall innovation market. Ecological interests (national, regional, local and personal) are important for the formation of the market of ecological innovations. A partial idea of the interests of consumers gives the attitude of the population to environmental problems – the higher the concern of consumers about environmental problems, the higher their interest in environmental innovation. According to the significance of changes in the nature, content and results of the enterprise and its units distinguish technological, production, economic, trade, social, and innovation in management. The main essence of innovations in the social and ecological sphere of the organization of cities of the Western region of Ukraine is considered in the article. The main factors contributing to the emergence of innovations in the social and environmental spheres and the need for their development are identified. The concepts of «innovation» and «innovation process» are studied. The most well-known methods for finding funding sources for innovation in the social and environmental spheres are analyzed. The main goal of innovation in cities' social and ecological development in the Western region is emphasized. The main problems that significantly affect people's quality and safety in the Western cities of Ukraine are identified.

ИННОВАЦИИ КАК НОВЫЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ И НОВЫЕ СПОСОБЫ ВЕДЕНИЯ БИЗНЕСА

The article describes the characteristics of the innovation process, reflects the essence of innovation. The points of view of the founders of the theory of economic dynamics on the innovation process are presented. The conditions influencing the development of scientific and technological progress and sustainable economic growth of the economy are revealed. A feature of the rapid development of information technology, science, digital transformation in a crisis situation caused by the COVID–19 pandemic has been identified. The authors noted the dependence on the different degrees of allocation by researchers of the material or intellectual result of the innovation process, the interpretation of the definition of innovative products. Examples of the implementation of innovative activities in some areas and industries are presented. The possibility of solving economic, social, environmental problems through the emergence of new production processes and new ways of doing business is emphasized. The authors summarize the importance of reorganizing and re–evaluating the existing resources of companies, finding effective approaches to improving the value chain for organizations and the impact of innovation on the creation of new jobs, investment growth and the development of a competitive economy.

CORPORATE COMMUNICATION: INNOVATION, PUBLIC RESPONSABILITY AND CITIZENSHIP IMPACT

The essence of innovation is creativity, which allows finding new solutions to existing problems. Innovative organizations do not depend solely on an entrepreneur, but on teams of experts gathered to create an entrepreneurial spirit. For this reason, it is necessary to use scientific techniques to promote creativity, as well as encourage and reward people and organizations that innovate, through the recognition of successful practices, both in the public and private sectors. Thus, public communication is at the basis of the quality and effectiveness of public service, the modernization of administrations and institutions, as well as the exercise of democracy.
 
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Культура инновационной деятельности как фактор социально-экономического развития общества

The paper shows the relationship between the culture of innovation and the socio-economic development of society. The essence of innovation and innovation process is determined. The types of innovations are presented and their characteristics are stated. The influence of creative work and creativity on the formation of an environment that promotes the activation of the processes of creating science-intensive developments is revealed. The role of the culture of innovation in ensuring effective knowledge management and disclosing opportunities for the accumulation and development of human capital has been determined. Particular attention is paid to the process by which knowledge is transformed into innovative development. It is shown that knowledge is a key resource that companies need to gain a competitive advantage and intensive development. The work reveals the influence of the culture of innovative activity on the formation of cognitive capitalism, economic growth and development of society.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF INVESTMENT AND INNOVATION STRATEGY AT THE ENTERPRISE

The purpose of the article is to develop and theoretically substantiate the mechanism of formation of investment and innovation strategy of the enterprise in the conditions of institutional transformations. It has been established that future competitiveness is associated with innovation, and for enterprises it is associated with their innovative activity. At the same time, the innovations themselves become objects of investment. Methodology. In the course of the research, scientific methods were used that took into account the laws and regularities of economic theory, agrarian economics, agrarian management, the dialectical and historical approach to scientific knowledge. Results. For enterprises operating in modern conditions, it is advisable to form an investment and innovation cross-functional strategy, which allows to coordinate tasks in the field of innovation and investment in achieving the goals of the overall strategy. The essence of innovation and investment strategy is based on limited resource provision of development processes, taking into account that investments act as an independent source of competitiveness and as a means for innovative development, but must be implemented in a better combination of investment directions. In addition, the investment and innovation strategy allows to provide the necessary cyclical processes of enterprise development in combination with the cyclical nature of the economy for a long period. Investment and innovation strategy must have a structural integrity in terms of resource use and impact on the enterprise as a whole. This strategy of the enterprise should be consistent with the overall strategy, contribute to the achievement of common goals, strengthen the competitive, financial, technological position of the enterprise, as well as create opportunities for further growth and development. The role of investment and innovation strategy is subordinated to the strategic goals of the enterprise and is transformed depending on the type and objectives of the overall strategy, can range from full focus on creating and implementing innovation to investment in support of current activities and sustainability. Practical implications. The practical significance of the study is that its scientific and theoretical results, proposals, conclusions and generalizations form the scientific basis for solving the problem of formation of investment and innovation strategy of the enterprise in modern conditions. Value/originality. The implementation of the proposed measures will increase the efficiency of enterprises of all sectors of the national economy and ensure the process of formation of investment and innovation development of the economy.

Knowledge Sharing and Transfer in an Open Innovation Context: Mapping Scientific Evolution

The essence of innovation lies in knowledge, which is why open innovation opens the door to knowledge transfer with agents outside the organization. In order to comprehend the joint scientific trajectory of these two areas of knowledge, the aim of this study is to identify and analyze the main indicators of scientific behavior involved in the research field related to the link between open innovation and knowledge transfer or knowledge sharing concepts through bibliometric and network analysis. The results show clear European leadership in scientific production developed in universities. In addition, the high quality of the main sources of diffusion infers publications of good scientific quality. The most recognized source of knowledge used in new research is directed towards university-company relationships in an open innovation environment. Network analysis related to keywords has allowed us to define the most interesting, relevant fields of research, highlighting the importance acquired by topics such as ‘communication’, ‘inter-organizational context’ and ‘education’, to better focus on future research of the scientific community. It can be concluded that the scientific development of both concepts is an active field in the academic community, and also, that new key terms appear, opening new paths of research.

ECONOMIC ESSENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF INNOVATIONS IN MODERN ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

Goal. Determining the economic essence of innovation based on the analysis of legislative and literary sources. Characterization of scientists' views and highlighting the main approaches to understanding the essence of innovation. Formulation of own vision of economic essence of innovations as a factor of development and competitiveness in modern conditions of dynamic changes. Method. To achieve this goal, a systematic approach, deductive method, comparison, grouping, generalization, analysis and synthesis are used. Results. Innovations are the introduction of new - new technologies, products, services, organizational solutions, business models that provide results in the form of economic, scientific and technical, social, informational, environmental effects and competitive advantages. Innovation is seen as an idea, a creative source of creating new, better, original, more effective, as a special means of adapting to the market and consumer needs. Innovation as a process reflects the need for innovation in today's competitive environment. Indicates the existence of life cycles of innovation from the origin of the idea and its justification to implementation and practical use. Innovation reflects development, emphasizing its dialectical connection with economic fluctuations. Scientific novelty. The definition of innovation as a result of the idea in the form of introduction of new or improved technologies, products, services that have economic, social and other effects in the process of development and gaining competitive advantage. The formulated definition includes selected approaches to the consideration of innovation as a technology, product or service (introduction of a new one); as an effect, a result; as ideas; as a process; as development. Practical importance. A comprehensive understanding of the essence of innovation on the basis of key aspects of its sources and impact on the competitiveness of economic entities will better identify the types of innovations, their characteristics, evaluation of efficiency.

Innovative Directions of Tourism Development

In the article, the introduction of innovations in the field of tourism is considered as an important factor in the competitive world of the tourism market. The essence of innovation in this regard is revealed based on a theoretical analysis of the definitions given by this category of scientists. There are also presented directions of innovative development of the tourism sector through the application of information technologies in the field.

Evaluation of Scientific and Technological Research in China’s Colleges: A Review of Policy Reforms, 2000–2020

Purpose: This study conducts a systematic review of policy reforms for the evaluation of scientific and technological research (E-STR) in China’s colleges. In doing so, it identifies changes to past policies, as well as the objectives and realizability of the most recent policy reform. Design/Approach/Methods: This study systematically reviews the contexts of E-STR policy reforms in China’s colleges post 2000 using three important related policy documents from 2003, 2013, and 2020 as samples. Research findings were obtained via content analysis. Findings: Unlike previous attempts, the most recent policy reform has incorporated the lessons learned while introducing highly targeted measures and a monitoring mechanism. Such reform should accelerate the promotion of major original scientific research in China’s colleges, enhance the contribution of scientific research to socioeconomic development, and strengthen support for the cultivation of undergraduate talents. Originality/Value: Initiated in the early part of 2000, China’s latest E-STR policy reform constitutes an important turning point in the initiative to burst the research bubble and return to the essence of innovation. It will drive China’s colleges to embark on a research path that places value on original innovation and contribution to socioeconomic development.

INNOVATIONS IN THE AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS IN UKRAINE


 
 
 The main purpose of the research is to determine the role of innovation of agrarian enterprises for their effective management, as well as analysis of the internal and external environment of innovation activity of agrarian enterprises, their threats and opportunities with the help of SWOT-analysis. The systematization of literary sources and approaches to innovative activity of agrarian enterprises made it possible to generalize that the fundamental questions related to the interpretation of the essence of innovations, innovation activity and innovative processes of enterprises, with the specifics of their manifestation in agrarian enterprises, were investigated by domestic and foreign scientists as well as regulated by normative- legal acts. The urgency of solving this scientific problem lies in the fact that the determining factor of the efficiency of economic activity of the enterprise is their innovative development, which is based on the introduction and implementation of innovations, which determine the improvement of its activities, affect the strengthening of its market positions and produce suitable conditions for its development. One of the promising areas for innovations is the agrarian sector. Introduction of innovations in practice in all spheres of agrarian enterprises contributes to: the increase of labor productivity, decrease of expenses and cost of production, saving of various kinds of resources, increase of volumes and improvement of efficiency of agrarian production. The article analyzes the main directions of IT innovations in agrarian business, innovative solutions (products) and opportunities. It is determined, that any agrarian enterprise has its own peculiarities and specificity and requires individual innovative solutions. The management of the company often can easily identify, what is needed to increase the efficiency. And sometimes the services of analysts and IT consultants, who are professionals of their business, and can unmistakably determine the individual needs and decisions, can be useful. The peculiarities of formation and development of innovation process in agriculture were analyzed. A SWOT analysis of innovative activity of agrarian enterprises was conducted, which allowed to identify their strengths (weaknesses) sides, opportunities and threats. The results of the research can be useful for scientists, specialists and heads of agrarian enterprises, teachers of higher educational establishments, postgraduates, students and all those, who are interested in problems of development and efficiency of innovation activity.
 
 

Multifigure Technique in Igor Stravinsky’s Orchestral Composing of the Neoclassical Period (on the example of the ballet “Apollon Musagète”)

Multifigure Technique in Igor Stravinsky’s Orchestral Composing of the Neoclassical Period (on the example of the ballet “Apollon Musagète”)

СУТНІСТЬ ІННОВАЦІЙ ТА ЇХ МІСЦЕ В СТРУКТУРІ ЧИННИКІВ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ

In modern conditions, the development of the world economic system is due primarily to innovative processes associated with the creation and implementation of advanced advances in science and technology. Therefore, the sphere of innovation has become the most important resource of the state, the efficiency of which determines the dynamics and progressive development of the national economy. In this regard, the intensification of innovative activities of economic entities becomes a necessary condition for the realization of national interests in the economic security of the country. Innovative development of economic entities in the economy is one of the most important processes that ensure its safe integration into the global economic space. In the modern economic literature there are not enough publications devoted to the substantiation of the place and role of innovative development in the process of ensuring economic security. Despite the special attention paid to the issues of economic and national security abroad, studies of this problem in the foreign economic literature have not become widespread. The paper investigates various scientific approaches to determining the essence of innovations and examines their place in the structure of economic security factors of economic entities. Based on the selection of groups of factors that affect economic security, the paper presents its decomposition into relevant areas of security. The study of innovation as a factor of economic security in the article is based on clarifying the content of innovation as an economic category. The paper analyzes two fundamentally different approaches to understanding the essence of innovation: innovation as a result and innovation as a process. To obtain the most complete idea of the essence of innovation, as well as to identify the best conditions for their creation and introduction into economic practice, theoretical approaches to the emergence of innovation are considered. It is determined that in the most general form of the innovation model can be divided into linear and interactive models. The term "innovation" has been clarified and supplemented in terms of ensuring sustainable development, which is based on the environmental imperative of economic development.

Principles of providing innovative development of enterprises

Purpose. The aim of the article is to substantiate the feasibility of using theoretical and methodological tools to ensure the innovative development of enterprises and to further forming the practical basis for their effective functioning. Methodology of research. General and special methods are used in the course of research, in particular: dialectical, monographic and system analysis – to substantiate the essence of innovations, innovative development, to determine the possibilities of further use of the “TAMO” model; graphic, abstract and logical – when forming conceptual bases of innovative development of enterprises. Findings. It is determined that the innovative development of an enterprise should be defined as a process of directed regular change of its state, which depends on purposeful, consistent movement to a balanced innovation state under the influence of synergistic action of innovative potential, periodic regrouping of forces caused by the logic of STP, the source of which are innovations that create innovations that create new opportunities through the ability to find strategic priorities and purposeful search for ideas, new solutions, ways to commercialize them and implement them as stimulants ensure victory in the competition. It is proved that the formation of the conceptual foundations for ensuring the innovative development of the enterprise is directly influenced by the features that determine the theoretical foundations, the methodological basis, the main components of management and its further improvement. The scheme of conceptual bases for the management of innovative development of enterprises is formed, which contains the concept of object and subject of research, mission and goals, methodological basis and levels by which they study the need for innovations, the potential of innovative development is evaluated, the directions of realization are determined: theoretical, methodological, instrumental, organizational and practical, commercialization of research results, international and public-private partnership on financing of innovative activity and efficiency in innovative business. Originality. The definition of the essence of innovative development of the enterprise has been further developed; the scheme of conceptual and practical bases of providing of such development of the enterprises with definition of directions of realization has been formed. Practical value. The obtained results of the study can be used to extend the use of the “TAMO” model in the process of creating and commercializing innovations through the formation of an innovative trajectory using the conceptual framework scheme to manage the innovation development of enterprises. Key words: innovative development, enterprise, commercialization of innovations, efficiency, management.

Innovations in rural tourism in Poland and Romania

The interest in rural tourism in Poland and Romania is the result of processes originating from economic and social factors reflecting the needs of both rural inhabitants and tourists. A significant growth in the field of rural tourism leads to implementation of innovative products in the development of tourist services. The aim of the study presented in this paper is to show the essence of innovation as a component of the contemporary tourist industry, and to present the type of innovations that occur in rural tourism in Poland and in Romania. The theoretical part analyses innovation in the field of rural tourism. The empirical part, in turn, presents case studies of tourist businesses in rural areas, taking into account the implemented innovations, in both Poland and Romania. The case studies are presented based on interviews with owners of tourist facilities.

Meaningful analysis of innovation, business and entrepreneurial ecosystem concepts

Over the last decade academic literature has faced a boom of publications devoted to the notion of ecosystem, which resulted in the emergence of various research streams and corresponding fragmentation of the research domain. The existing variety of meanings and contradictory definitions necessitates conducting a thorough literature review on three tightly coupled concepts of innovation ecosystem, business ecosystem and entrepreneurial ecosystem. This study is based upon a mixed technique, which combines a bibliometric analysis and in-depth investigation of papers devoted to these research streams. Through examining their theoretical background, constructing conceptual structures and performing an in-depth analysis we were able to define the essence of innovation, business and entrepreneurial ecosystems as well as their distinctive features. Then, we proceeded with a comparative analysis of these concepts, which allowed us to outline the existing similarities and to demarcate the concepts from an ontological perspective. This study provides certain clarification for the existing conceptual mix in the field of the ecosystem research and can be used as a foundation for a further investigation of the concept.

ОСНОВНІ ПРИНЦИПИ АКТИВІЗАЦІЇ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The article considers the basic principles of activating the innovative activity of the enterprise. It is noted that innovation is the most important means of structural changes in production, ensuring the competitiveness of products and providing conditions for modern enterprises to enter the foreign market. Incomplete use of own domestic investment sources and reasons of socio-economic, legal and political nature necessitate the intensification of innovative activities of enterprises. The essence of the management of innovation processes at the enterprise is that in the modern market the enterprise can be positioned only with a high level of technical or qualitative characteristics of products. In addition, the economic essence of innovation is manifested in the unity of all its components, properties, internal processes, relationships, contradictions, trends and is a set of economic, financial, commercial and organizational measures taken by participants in the innovation and investment process to finding the necessary investment resources, rational formation of their structure and selection of the most effective objects for investment. The effective implementation of innovations in the enterprise depends on the available resource potential of the enterprise and the efficiency of its use. It is noted that the innovation and investment activities of the enterprise is a purposeful process of implementing a set of measures to obtain the appropriate effect, requiring justification of investment, search and selection of investment resources aimed at using research, innovation, fundamentally new products for further implementation. domestic and foreign markets. The intensification of innovative activities will provide the company with technological changes that determine scientific and technological progress, improve product quality, its competitiveness and enable access to the international market with manufactured products. It is argued that the implementation of the basic principles of innovation in a modern enterprise will introduce an investment and innovation management system, based on the actions of levers, expressed in the organization, planning and promotion of efficient use of investment resources and their successful investment in innovation projects to achieve effect.

Innovative strategy increase competitiveness of telecommunications enterprises

The economic essence of innovation and competitiveness are clarified in the article. The existing problems of innovation activity of telecommunication enterprises and the role of innovations in increasing their competitiveness are revealed. Priority directions formation of innovation paradigm increase of telecommunication enterprises competitiveness, which will strengthen their competitive positions on local and global markets of telecommunication services, are substantiated.

Innovations as an attribute of modernity: philosophical and pedagogical discourse

The paper aims at exploring the philosophical and pedagogical foundations of modernity, as well as to figure out the innovations as an attribute of modernity. Modernity in philosophy refers to the fundamental modification of pre-modern political philosophy of the concept of innovations. Modernity, however, in philosophy and pedagogy refers to the move from feudal social order to the capitalistic one under the grand project of industrialization, secularization and rationalization. Modernity, from its commencement, possesses two innate characteristics: one is epistemological or conjectural which is the actual philosophy, and another one is ontological or applied. The article reveals the contents of the main theoretical approaches to understanding the essence of innovation from the point of view of philosophical and pedagogical discourse. Differences in the understanding of innovation in the context of different philosophical, economical and pedagogical discourses are identified. The purpose of this article is to provide a historical philosophical and pedagogical perspective on theories of innovation, and a sense of their broad range. Tracing the history of the discourses of scholars, practitioners and policy-makers, and exploring how and why innovation became defined by J. Schumpeter. Five types of innovations are distinguished by the author. Also, it is stressed that the concept of "innovation" as a new scientific and organizational combination of scientific factors is motivated by entrepreneurial aspirations. Therefore, it is stated that societal and political transformations perpetually cause tension in educational systems, this is the locus of a seemingly endless struggle. The debate repeatedly merges philosophical, epistemological and pedagogical issues. In this article a theoretical framework of the innovations concept, relational trust and risk-taking is evoked to examine implementation of this aspect in the learning environments. The research reported in this article provides an analysis of pedagogical, instructional and learning innovative discourses drawn from the point of view of philosophical and pedagogical literature.

Formation of special skills and skills of future law enforcement officers at the stage of professional formation

The purpose of the work is theoretical substantiation and experimental verification of the effectiveness of the author's training methodology for future law enforcement officers, aimed at improving the level of special skills.
 On the basis of the analysis of the peculiarities of the patrol police officers' activity, the current normative documents that regulate the specifics of professional training of future law enforcement officers, requirements for the professional preparedness of law enforcement officers are established. It is ascertained that the professional readiness of the patrol police officer is determined by the armed knowledge of the legislative base, the formation of special motor skills, the development of professionally important features, the availability of practical experience.
 A thorough study of job situations shows a low, and sometimes insufficient, level of enforcement of police enforcement measures.
 The effectiveness of the author's training methodology aimed at increasing the level of special police officers' skills development is substantiated and experimentally tested. The essence of innovations is the introduction of specially developed situational tasks, variational situational tasks and complex development of professionally important qualities in the educational process.
 The study was attended by trainees of the police training course (n=61) of the National Academy of the Interior's Academy of Police Center for Primary Professional Training.
 In the context of the professional activity of patrol police officers, identifying the level of special skills and skills required to identify three indicators: 1) «Formation of skills and skills in self-defense tactics»; 2) «Formation of skills in fire training»; 3) «Effectiveness of scenario solving».
 The results of the pedagogical experiment proved the effectiveness of the author's teaching methodology. The use of the proposed innovations contributed to the development of indicators that characterized the special skills and skills of future law enforcement officers. At the end of the pedagogical experiment, a significant difference in the development of the indicators of «Formation of skills and skills in self-defense tactics» (p<0.05) and «Effectiveness of scenario solving» (p<0.001) and unreliable in the indicator of «Formation of skills in fire training» (p>0.05). Prospects for further research are to substantiate the technique of improving the special skills of patrol officers during training in the system of official training.