Environment In Beijing Research Articles

Modeling the thermally adaptive performance of building exterior walls with linear temperature-dependent thermal conductivity

The concept of adapting to variable external thermal environments by varying the thermophysical properties of building envelopes has gained increased attention in recent years. This study aims to evaluate the thermally adaptive performance of exterior walls incorporating linear temperature-dependent thermal conductivity-based insulation (LTTI). A variant resistance–capacitance nodal model was developed and validated against Fluent simulations, demonstrating high accuracy and time efficiency. The study evaluates the thermally adaptive indices (i.e., the adaptive time lag, adaptive decrement factor, and thermally adaptive ratio) for LTTI-based walls with at different temperature-dependent slopes under the Beijing climate. The results show that the dynamic thermal indices follow a parabolic pattern, whereas the monthly adaptive indices exhibit a folded line pattern with the extreme value in July. The maximum value for the adaptive time lag and decrement factor reached 3.8 h and 0.003 at −1.0 mW·m−1·K−2, while minimum extreme value is observed at 1.0 mW·m−1·K−2 with −3.8 h and −0.003, respectively. Furthermore, the study determines the relationship between the heating, cooling, and overall thermally adaptive ratios and the seasonal month and the temperature-dependent slope. At a temperature-dependent slope of 1.0 mW·m−1·K−2, the heating, cooling, and overall thermally adaptive ratios were approximately 0.162, −0.045, and 0.160, respectively. These findings suggest that LTTIs with a positive slope adapt to the thermal environment in Beijing, while those with a negative slope exhibit the opposite, anti-adaptive performance. These results could provide insights into the development of energy-efficient and thermally adaptive building envelopes based on LTTI materials.

Green Oases in the Concrete Desert: Combatting Beijing’s Heat with Urban Greenery

In the face of rapid urbanization, Beijing confronts the escalating challenge of the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, characterized by significantly higher temperatures in urban areas compared to their rural surroundings. This phenomenon not only exacerbates the thermal discomfort in city environments but also poses a substantial risk to public health and well-being. Amidst this urban climate crisis, the potential of green spaces emerges as a crucial mitigative and adaptive strategy. This comprehensive study embarks on an in-depth exploration of the multifaceted role that urban greenery plays in combatting the UHI effect and bolstering the well-being of Beijing’s residents. Employing a triangulated research methodology, the study harnesses high-resolution satellite imagery to delineate the thermal footprint of green spaces within the urban matrix of Beijing. Through detailed temperature analysis, it meticulously quantifies the extent to which parks, gardens, and tree-lined avenues contribute to cooling urban environments. Complementing this quantitative analysis, the study engages with the urban populace through extensive surveys, capturing perceptions and lived experiences of the thermal environment and the subjective well-being associated with access to green spaces. The findings reveal a significant cooling effect attributed to urban greenery, with marked temperature reductions in areas with dense vegetation cover. Beyond the thermal benefits, the research uncovers a positive correlation between access to green spaces and improvements in residents’ physical and psychological health, highlighting the critical role of green spaces in promoting urban livability and sustainability. This study advances the discourse on urban planning and public health by providing empirical evidence of the benefits of integrating green spaces into the urban fabric of Beijing. It underscores the urgency of adopting green infrastructure as a standard in urban development projects, not only as a countermeasure to the UHI effect but also as a foundational element for enhancing the quality of life in densely populated urban centers. The research concludes with strategic recommendations for urban policymakers, advocating for the expansion and optimization of green spaces as indispensable assets for achieving a resilient and health-promoting urban environment in Beijing.

Influence of view factors on intra-urban air temperature and thermal comfort variability in a temperate city

Urban geometry is known to be one of the major factors in explaining the intra-urban temperature variations. A commonly used indicator to describe the urban geometry is the sky view factor. However, the existing studies have shown that the relationship between SVF and urban temperature is quite contradictory. This suggests that a single SVF cannot accurately quantify the urban geometry. For comparison, we here propose to use view factors, including sky, building and tree view factors (SVF, BVF, and TVF, respectively), to accurately quantify the three-dimensional urban geometry. Based on microclimate measurements conducted in Beijing Olympic Park and its surrounding urban environment in Beijing, China, the impact of view factors on intra-urban air temperature and thermal comfort was evaluated. Measurements were conducted along a selected path during hot summer days with clear skies and light winds by mobile traverses. The obtained results showed that SVF was positively correlated with air temperature during the day but negatively correlated with air temperature at night. BVF mainly played a warming role in both daytime and nighttime. Especially at night, BVF was the main geometric warming factor. TVF had a significant cooling effect during the day but did not have a negative effect at night due to reduced SVF. There was a strong point-to-point correlation between SVF and outdoor thermal comfort in the daytime. The mean differences in Mean Radiant Temperature and Physiologically Equivalent Temperature between shaded and unshaded sites were 12.0 °C and 6.8 °C, respectively, which suggested that providing effective shading is extremely important for improving outdoor daytime thermal comfort.

InVEST Model-Based Spatiotemporal Analysis of Water Supply Services in the Zhangcheng District

The Zhangcheng District is critically responsible for protecting water resources, preserving sand sources, and improving the ecological environment in Beijing. Quantitative evaluation and research on the ecosystem water supply services in this area are beneficial for developing conservation planning and establishing ecological compensation mechanisms in water conservation areas. In this paper, based on the land use, meteorological, soil, and field observation data of the research area, the InVEST water yield model is used to estimate the water supply of the ecosystem in the Zhangcheng District. The model quantitatively analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of water supply services in the basin and the influence of different topographic factors. The results show that the average supply of ecosystem water in the Zhangcheng District is approximately 45 mm, and there is a degree of spatial heterogeneity. The total water supply in the Zhangcheng District is relatively small. The water resource supply in the southwest is relatively small, the rainfall in mountainous forest areas in the southeast is high, its water supply is higher, and the supply of forest land water is relatively high. The high-value areas are mainly distributed at 1500 to 3500 m and 15°~40°; the water supply on the sunny slope is greater than that on the shady slope. With the increase in altitude and slope, the water supply in the basin tends to increase first and then decrease.

Effects of forest belt in park on the chemical composition for PM2.5

This paper represents results on the effects of forest belt on seasonal variation on the main chemical components for PM2.5 in the park environment in Beijing. PM2.5 samples were collected inside and outside a conifer forest simultaneously for 1 year in Beijing Olympic Forest Park. Chemical components including organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), water-soluble ions and elements in PM2.5 were measured. Results indicated that forest belt had significant impacts on PM2.5 chemical compositions of park. Organic matter, SO4 2-, NO3 −, NH4+, and crustal matter were the dominant components of PM2.5. The measured OC was divided into primary OC (POC) and second OC (SOC) parts following the method of EC tracer. Concentrations of OC, SOC, as well as SO4 2-, NO3 −, NH4+ and K+ in PM2.5 inside of forest were markedly higher than those outside of forest. The highest concentrations of OC, EC, and SO4 2- were observed in winter and the lowest values were found in summer. In contrast, the highest concentrations of most crustal elements were observed in spring, and the highest levels of pollutant elements were found in winter. Among these elements, annual mean concentrations of As and Cr exceeded WHO standard during monitoring period.

Transformative Urban Changes of Beijing in the Decade of the 2000s

The rapid economic growth, the exodus from rural to urban areas, and the associated extreme urban development that occurred in China in the decade of the 2000s have severely impacted the environment in Beijing, its vicinity, and beyond. This article presents an innovative approach for assessing mega-urban changes and their impact on the environment based on the use of decadal QuikSCAT (QSCAT) satellite data, acquired globally by the SeaWinds scatterometer over that period. The Dense Sampling Method (DSM) is applied to QSCAT data to obtain reliable annual infrastructure-based urban observations at a posting of ~1 km. The DSM-QSCAT data, along with different DSM-based change indices, were used to delineate the extent of the Beijing infrastructure-based urban area in each year between 2000 and 2009, and assess its development over time, enabling a physical quantification of its urbanization which reflects the implementation of various development policies during the same time period. Eventually, as a proxy for the impact of Beijing urbanization on the environment, the decadal trend of its infrastructure-based urbanization is compared with that of the corresponding tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) column densities as observed from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) instrument aboard the second European Remote Sensing satellite (ERS-2) between 2000 and 2002, and from the SCanning Imaging Absorption SpectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY aboard of the ESA’s ENVIronmental SATellite (SCIAMACHY /ENVISAT) between 2003 and 2009. Results reveal a threefold increase of the yearly tropospheric NO2 column density within the Beijing infrastructure-based urban area extent in 2009, which had quadrupled since 2000.

Urban Human Settlement Environment Suitability Assessment—A Case Study of Beijing

In this study, an index system for evaluating the suitability of urban human settlements was established by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). According to the single index score of information entropy standardized scaling treatment, the suitability of human settlements in Beijing from 2004 to 2017 was comprehensively evaluated. The results show that the suitability of human settlements in Beijing is obviously improved, and the suitability of resources and environment has experienced significant fluctuations, which is different from the trend of sustainable growth of economic and social habitability. The purpose of this study is to improve the understanding of the historical changes and future development trends of the human settlements environment in Beijing, and to further promote the construction of the human settlements environment in the capital and the continuous improvement of the quality of life of the citizens. Introduction

The digital revolution – digital entrepreneurship and transformation in Beijing

ABSTRACTThis article explores digital entrepreneurship and the impact of digitalization on the entrepreneurial environment in Beijing. The empirical data are composed of 20 semi-structured interviews with Beijing-based entrepreneurs. The article applies institutional theory to explore the state sponsored push for entrepreneurship, innovation and digitalization, and how the entrepreneurs are experiencing transformed environments. The findings highlight that entrepreneurs experience a heightened societal trust and increased support, yet a lack of institutional trust. Government initiatives and digitalization are found to have rejuvenated entrepreneurship in China, providing greater opportunities for economic action, but dominant institutions need to further develop to ensure the growth of a successful and sustainable entrepreneurial environment. This article contributes to digital entrepreneurship literature by offering unique empirical evidence regarding how institutional environments (e.g. local contexts, regulatory and social forces) can influence and impact the emergence of private enterprise in China.

Dematerialization in Beijing from the perspective of material metabolism

City has always been a concentrated area of consumption and pollution in a country or region. Solutions to the dematerialization of city would exert a profound impact on the entire socio-economic system. And the issue of resources and environment in Beijing, the center of China’s politics, economy, and culture, becomes a focus of attention both domestically and internationally. In this paper, we used the economy-wide material flow analysis to describe the socio-economic development and the current situation of resources and environment in Beijing during the period 1992–2015. Based on this, Tapio decoupling model and the logarithmic mean divisia index method were used to analyze the level and influencing factors of dematerialization in Beijing. The results of the study showed that: From 1992 to 2015, GDP of Beijing increased from 61.25 billion yuan to 623.45 billion yuan, at the same time, direct material input and domestic processed output also increased from 139.88 million tons and 78.63 million tons in 1992 to 205.17 million tons and 166.27 million tons in 2015 respectively. Judging from the change of the decoupling relationship between economic growth and resources and environment, the level of dematerialization in Beijing was continuously increasing. And the dematerialization level of resource consumption was slightly better than that of pollution discharge. The high expansion of population and economy was not conducive to the realization of dematerialization in Beijing. However, the decrease of the intensity of material utilization played a crucial role in the process of dematerialization in Beijing. Moreover, increases in material circulation and social overall level of cleaner production were beneficial to the realization of dematerialization.

Mining the regularity of landscape-structure heterogeneity to improve urban land-cover mapping

The availability of remote sensing images of various resolutions has enabled the incorporation of landscape structures in land-cover mapping. Despite the effectiveness of landscape metrics in quantifying landscape structures, they are inadequate in characterizing three elements: spatial neighborhoods, spatial dependencies, and semantic dependencies. Moreover, methods for mining the regularity of landscape-structure heterogeneity (i.e., spatial variations in landscape structures) are still limited, particularly for applications in urban land-cover mapping. This study hence proposes a novel approach with the aims to (1) characterize landscape structures considering the above three elements; (2) mine the regularity of landscape-structure heterogeneity; and (3) apply landscape-structure information as contexts to improve urban land-cover mapping. To achieve the first aim, landscape-structure features including pair-wise spatial relationships and neighborhood-based landscape metrics are defined. To accomplish the second aim, a clustering technique and a landscape infographic are used to cluster landscape structures and visualize landscape-structure types, respectively. Finally, a hierarchical classifier based on the feedforward multi-layer perceptron is developed for the third aim. Experiments are conducted in a heterogeneous urban environment in Beijing, China. The results show that the proposed approach, which considers 34 landscape-structure features and 19 landscape-structure types, achieves a classification accuracy improvement of 6.43% compared with the approaches without considering landscape-structure information. This study therefore demonstrates the effectiveness of incorporating landscape-structure features and landscape-structure types in improving urban land-cover mapping.

Multimedia fate modeling and risk assessment of antibiotics in a water-scarce megacity

As a result of the widespread use of antibiotics, a large amount of excretion from human and animals containing antibiotic residues was discharged into the environment with wastewaters and manures, leading to potential adverse effects on ecosystem health. To understand the environmental fate of antibiotics, a dynamic level IV fugacity model was established here by introducing the novel process of nondiffusive wastewater irrigation from water to soil, and applied to a large-scale water-scarce region, the megacity Beijing. Furthermore, a Monte-Carlo based risk assessment approach was employed to evaluate the potential risks posed by antibiotics in water, sediment and soil, combined with the soil-water equilibrium partitioning method. Model validation, sensitivity and uncertainty analysis suggests that the fugacity model can successfully simulate the reported concentration data within an average difference of 0.2 logarithmic units. Results showed that more than one hundred tonnes of antibiotics were estimated to be discharged into the environment of Beijing in 2013, and, resulted in high antibiotics levels and posed high potential risks on the aquatic environment. On the other hand, although wastewater irrigation increased the antibiotics concentrations in soil and even dominated the total transfer fluxes, the overall risk levels of antibiotics in the soil were acceptable.

계승과 변화, 다양성과 가능성 : 최근 北京의 극 공연 및 공연환경 탐색

계승과 변화, 다양성과 가능성 : 최근 北京의 극 공연 및 공연환경 탐색

Aerosol pollution and its potential impacts on outdoor human thermal sensation: East Asian perspectives

Aerosols affect the insolation at ground and thus the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD, a measure of aerosol pollution) plays an important role on the variation of the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) at locations with different aerosol climatology. The aerosol effects upon PET were studied for the first time at four East Asian cities by coupling a radiative transfer model and a human thermal comfort model which were previously well evaluated. Evident with the MODIS and AERONET AOD observations, the aerosol pollution at Beijing and Seoul was higher than at Chiayi (Taiwan) and Hong Kong. Based on the AERONET data, with background AOD levels the selected temperate cities had similar clear-sky PET values especially during summertime, due to their locations at similar latitudes. This also applied to the sub-tropical cities. Increase in the AOD level to the seasonal average one led to an increase in diffuse solar radiation and in turn an increase in PET for people living in all the cities. However, the heavy aerosol loading environment in Beijing and Seoul in summertime (AODs > 3.0 in episodic situations) reduced the total radiative flux and thus PET values in the cities. On the contrary, relatively lower episodic AOD levels in Chiayi and Hong Kong led to strong diffuse and still strong direct radiative fluxes and resulted in higher PET values, relative to those with seasonal averaged AOD levels. People tended to feel from “hot” to “very hot” during summertime when the AOD reached their average levels from the background level. This implies that in future aerosol effects add further burden to the thermal environment apart from the effects of greenhouse gas-induced global warming. Understanding the interaction between ambient aerosols and outdoor thermal environment is an important first step for effective mitigation measures such as urban greening to reduce the risk of human heat stress. It is also critical to make cities more attractive and enhancing to human well-being to achieve enhancing sustainable urbanization as one of the principal goals for the Nature-based Solutions.

Molecular characterization of Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from the environment in Beijing, China

The molecular type of environmental Cryptococcus neoformans in Beijing was not clear. Our study aims to reveal the molecular characterization of C. neoformans complex from environment in Beijing, China. A total of 435 samples of pigeon droppings from 11 different homes in Beijing were collected from August to November in 2015. Pigeon droppings were inoculated onto caffeic acid cornmeal agar (CACA) to screen C. neoformans complex. Bruker Biotyper matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was performed for species identification. Serotype and mating type was determined by specific primers. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms of URA5 (URA5-RFLP) were applied to genotype. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was done for further identification and sequence type (ST) determination. Altogether, 81 isolates of C. neoformans AFLP1/VNI were recognized from 435 pigeon droppings in this study. The positive rate for C. neoformans AFLP1/VNI from pigeon droppings in different homes varied from 5.0% to 52.6%, the average was 20.2%. All of these cryptococcal strains were serotype A, MATα. They were genotyped as VNI by URA5-RFLP and were confirmed by MLST. No other molecular types of C. neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii isolates were isolated. Their STs were identified as ST 31 (n = 54, 66.7%), followed by ST 53 (n = 10), ST 191 (n = 8), ST 5 (n = 5), ST 57 (n = 3), and ST 38 (n = 1). We concluded that not only clinical but also environmental isolates of C. neoformans need to be investigated more deeply and more extensively. The virulence difference between ST 5 and ST 31 need to be explored in the future.

Impact of the 2008 Olympic Games on urban thermal environment in Beijing, China from satellite images

Beijing has suffered from a rapid development of urbanization in recent years especially since the successful bidding of the 2008 Olympic Games on July 13, 2001 in Moscow. To identify the influence of this paramount sporting event on development of the urban heat island (UHI) effect, this paper examined the spatial expansion of the urban size and UHI effect in Beijing from the years 1999, 2004 to 2008 and 2008 to 2013 using Landsat satellite images. These time spans indicated the process of urbanization in Beijing before and after hosting the 2008 Olympic Games. A new method was proposed to delineate the whole urban boundaries in Beijing governmental area by combining the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical information Science (GIS) technologies. The spatial expansion intensity and directions both for urban size and UHI effect were computed and analyzed. By 2013, the urban size of Beijing expanded to more than twice its size in 2008. The sprawl directions for the urban size and the areas with a severe UHI effect were the same, whereas the areas with a severe UHI effect were not enlarged with the increasing urban size. This indicated that the urban development in Beijing after hosting the games was more reasonable which makes the Beijing city be more livable. Statistically, the UHI effect was mitigated when the ratio of areas with water-pervious surfaces to the whole urban region was more than 35%. The urban thermal environment has been improved by increasing the areas of the water-pervious surfaces since hosting the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.

Analysis of relationship between Beijing's environment and development based on Environmental Kuznets Curve

Urbanization nowadays is a very important driving force for China's social and economic development, but the resource shortage and pollution accompanied have troubled China especially in the urban areas. As the capital of China, Beijing is a mega-city and densely populated. Its development and prosperity is supported by a large amount of material consumption, rendering a severe shortage of natural resources and serious pollution. Underlying the premise of maintaining its development and prosperity, Beijing is facing an enormous challenge in dealing with heavy pollution load. Therefore, it is a very important step to decouple the relationship between economic development and environmental pollution. This paper makes a study on the relationship between the economic growth and pollution load for Beijing based on the analysis of Environmental Kuznets Curves (EKC) which builds an econometric model using data over the period 1990–2014. We found the intensity of most pollutants have arrived at the turning point around 2006 while the total amount of most emissions remain at a high level, this is a favorable initiation for the transforming the development patterns as it has begun to decouple the pollution intensity and economy. Based on the statistics, this paper further analyzes the driving factors behind the active change. We found that the adjustment of industrial structure, a reasonable city planning, powerful measures in pollutants control and technology advance, contribute a lot to the transformation. Especially in the recent years, Beijing and correlative regions took joint measures to prevent and reduce air pollution, which have an apparent functions. Finally, this paper proposes several suggestions for Beijing to decouple the economic growth and environmental pollution load, based on these important conclusions.

Numerical Simulation of NOx and Particular Matter Distribution from Urban Street in Beijing China

In recent years, air quality has been a nation-wide issue in Beijing, China with frequent appearance of haze. Disappointingly, most detectors and sensors are mounted in suburb regions that are over ten kilometers away from the center of Beijing. Additionally, most researches are focusing on a general air flow in large scale instead of a specific community. It is important to be aware of the air quality at living communities in urban areas due to a large population. In this study, computational fluid dynamic (CFD) technologies were used to analyze the distribution of NOx and particular matter (PM) from urban street in Beijing to evaluate the air quality at a certain building. As most air pollutions are caused by vehicle emissions in urban areas, containing NO x and particular matters, traffic emissions were considered as the only source of contaminants in this study. Commercial software ANSYS Fluent ® was used to simulate a number of dispersion scenarios under different boundary conditions to quantify the pollution level for the selected living environment in Beijing, China. Mass fraction, isosurfaces and streamlines of contaminant were presented to analyze the pollution distribution around the area

Seasonal concentrations, contamination levels, and health risk assessment of arsenic and heavy metals in the suspended particulate matter from an urban household environment in a metropolitan city, Beijing, China.

The levels and health risks of arsenic and heavy metals (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the suspended particulate matter (SPM) collected from an urban household environment in Beijing of China for 12months were investigated. The mean concentrations of the studied toxic elements were higher and lower than crustal abundance and PM2.5 in the urban outdoors of Beijing. The concentrations of the studied elements displayed significant seasonality. The highest concentrations of the total elements occurred in winter, followed by autumn, while the lowest concentrations were recorded in summer. Based on the calculated values of enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo), the levels for As and Cu were heavily contaminated, while those for Cd, Pb, and Zn were extremely contaminated. As and Pb might pose risks to children and adults via ingestion exposure. The accumulative risks of multi-elements resulted from dermal contact and inhalation exposures were not negligible. More attention should be paid to reducing the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks posed by the toxic elements bound to urban household SPM particles via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact exposure.

The Influences of Industry Development on the Urban Environment in Beijing, China

Based on the statistical analysis and on-site interviews, this paper combines to assess the effects of industrial location, industry mix, industry ownership, and environmental policies on urban pollution levels in Beijing, China. A regression model relates these variables to an index of overall environmental quality for Beijing city. Shift-share analysis is used to determine the direction of recent sectoral shifts, and interviews and anecdotal evidence provide a broader context for our conclusions. We found that industry type, ownership and size significantly affect urban pollution levels. We conclude that although local enforcement of environmental regulations in Beijing has been effective, at the national level it is still inadequate. Finally, we recommend that policies calling for a reduction in the role state-owned and certain small-scale industries be incorporated into the larger economic goals of the central government.

Time-series analysis of ambient PM₁₀ pollution on residential mortality in Beijing

To explore the short-term impact of ambient PM(10) on daily non-accidental death, cardiovascular and respiratory death of residents in Beijing. Mortality data of residents in Beijing during 2006 to 2009 were obtained from public health surveillance and information service center of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, contemporaneous data of average daily air concentration of PM(10), SO(2), NO(2) were obtained from Beijing Environment Protection Bureau (year 2005 - 2006) and public website of Beijing environmental protection (year 2007 - 2009), respectively, contemporaneous meteorological data were obtained from china meteorological data sharing service system. Generalized addictive model (GAM) of time serial analysis was applied. In additional to the control of confounding factors such as long-term trend, day of the week effect, meteorological factors, lag effect and the effects of other atmospheric pollutants were also analyzed. During year 2006 to 2009, the number of average daily non-accidental death, respiratory disease caused death, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused death among Beijing residents were 140.1, 15.0, 65.8, respectively;contemporaneous medians of average daily air concentration of PM(10), SO(2), NO(2) were 123.0, 26.0, 58.0 µg/m(3), respectively;contemporaneous average atmosphere pressure, temperature and relative humidity were 10.1 kPa, 13.5°C and 51.9%, respectively. An exposure-response relationship between exposure to ambient PM(10) and increased daily death number was found as every 10 µg/m(3) increase in daily average concentration of PM(10), there was a 0.1267% (95%CI: 0.0824% - 0.1710%) increase in daily non-accidental death of residents, 0.1365% (95%CI: 0.0010% - 0.2720%) increase in respiratory death and 0.1239% (95%CI: 0.0589% - 0.1889%) increase in cardiovascular death. Ambient PM(10) had greatest influence on daily non-accidental and cardiovascular death of the same day, while its greatest influence on respiratory death occurred 5 days later. The ambient PM(10) pollution increased daily non-accidental, respiratory disease caused, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused deaths among residents in Beijing, and lag effect existed as for the effect of ambient PM(10) pollution on respiratory disease caused death.