Entrepreneurial Culture Research Articles

EVALUATION OF HELIX INNOVATION MODELS AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT ZONES IN TÜRKİYE WITHIN THE NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM FRAMEWORK

Economic growth and sustainable development, as well as increasing competitiveness in international markets, depend on the establishment of a knowledge-based socio-economic structure. Helix innovation models (HIM) are used to prepare the ground for a knowledge economy, society, and democracy, and to make economic growth and development sustainable. The triple HIM, focusing on the creation, diffusion, and commercialization of knowledge through triple network structures and hybrid organizations, is an effective model for fostering innovation and entrepreneurial culture. The model, obtained by including media-based and culture-based public and civil society actors in the triple helix structure, is referred to as the quadruple HIM. The triple and quadruple HIMs are expanded to include the natural environment factor in the quintuple HIM. Türkiye's national innovation system (NIS) has been designed within the scope of the triple HIM. The contribution of technology development zones (TDZs) in Türkiye to the NIS has been evaluated within the framework of HIMs and the entrepreneur and innovative university index. In this context, it has been concluded that enhancing intellectual property performance and economic and social contributions, as well as developing university-industry collaboration, are necessary.

The significance of individual, group and future knowledge at a business level through the knowledge-based lens

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to enhance the conceptual and practical understanding of individual, group and future knowledge as perceived by company owners and managers operating in Vietnam. To date, knowledge gaps remain concerning this emerging economy, for instance, regarding the significance of knowledge management (KM) skills and innovativeness in positively affecting firms' journey. Overall, the study will add to the extant KM literature, partly address extant research gaps and develop a conceptual model. To support the study's literature foundation, the knowledge-based view framework will be considered.Design/methodology/approachAn inductive approach and multi-case study were chosen. The views of 17 individuals in leadership positions representing six companies were gathered through semi-structured, in-depth interviews.FindingsThe analysis revealed the influence of seven dimensions. First, the importance of individuals' knowledge is conceptualised by the conspicuous, approach-based and self-initiated dimensions. Second, the collective action-based and collective approach-based knowledge dimensions illuminate the importance of group knowledge. Third, the externally and internally-oriented knowledge dimensions provide guidance and understanding concerning future knowledge. The analysis also underlines the alignment between the findings and the knowledge-based view in various areas.Originality/valueThe dimensions illuminating the research have practical implications for business owners/managers, for instance, motivational and rewarding strategies that companies could consider in order to enhance or maintain a high flow of knowledge acquisition and operationalisation. Furthermore, these implications could help foster a stronger entrepreneurial culture and benefit Vietnam or other emerging economies in their development and success journey. Conceptually, a developed framework affords a richer understanding of the different facets of knowledge at a company level.

The Influence of Economic and Entrepreneurial Education on Perception and Attitudes towards Entrepreneurship

The entrepreneurial behavior of individuals is a result of a complex assembly of factors, and education is one of them. The article is aiming to address the scientific gap in the relation between education and the intention and attitudes in entrepreneurship by focusing on the analysis of the economic and entrepreneurial background as a determinant factor. Besides that, the study looked for the factors that influence entrepreneurial intention and intended to find out if there are significant differences between economic and non-economic backgrounds and entrepreneurial intentions of individuals. A survey with 582 validated respondents was employed in the north-west and the west part of Romania to determine the entrepreneurial intention of the residents. For investigating the results, descriptive statistics were used to analyze the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, and principal component analysis with varimax rotation was conducted to reduce the number of items used to analyze the entrepreneurial intention of the respondents. The study demonstrated the significance of entrepreneurial education for entrepreneurs and the entrepreneurial process: the higher variance is given by entrepreneurial intention (58.75%) for those with economic studies and by entrepreneurial capacity (58.39%) for those without economic studies. It concludes that entrepreneurial education policies should concentrate on the increase of opportunities for entrepreneurs and on creating a culture of entrepreneurship. Regression analysis revealed that entrepreneurial capacity, personal attraction, social valuation, and entrepreneurial education/economic background significantly predict entrepreneurial intention.

Enabling Social Entrepreneurship for the Disabled

Social entrepreneurship has the potential to offer job opportunities for people with disabilities (OKU). However, there is a gap between the effectiveness of existing social entrepreneurship activities and the desire of people with disabilities to become social entrepreneurs. This paper aims to detail the plan of study for exploring the basic principles practiced by social entrepreneurs with disabilities in overcoming challenges and creating opportunities within their social entrepreneurial business. This study targeted disabled entrepreneurs and five key informants to be interviewed through the Quintuple Helix method. The study is expected to become the basis of generalizing the culture of social entrepreneurship among the disabled group.

Representations of Entrepreneurship in Local Media: A Comparative Analysis

Entrepreneurial culture is a key element of the success of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Previous studies have shown that regional levels of entrepreneurial activity tend to remain persistent over long periods of time and that cultural attitudes in favour of entrepreneurship and rooted in the history of the region can influence innovation activity and new business formation today. Prior research has studied the entrepreneurial culture investigating individuals’ perceptions, attitudes, values, and entrepreneurial personality fit. However, such approaches fail to address the importance of social representations of entrepreneurship as a part of entrepreneurial culture. The aim of this study is to increase understanding about the local entrepreneurial culture within entrepreneurial ecosystems by analysing local media representations of entrepreneurship as indications of local entrepreneurial cultures in the entrepreneurial ecosystem context. The research was carried out as a comparative study of two Finnish regions: Päijät-Häme and South Karelia. The primary research data consists of 120 newspaper articles from regional daily newspapers. The results suggest that in the studied regions local media particularly helps transmit entrepreneurial success stories as an ecosystem service. Also, narratives of entrepreneurial ambition, innovativeness and risk acceptance were transmitted to the local audiences. Some regional differences were also detected, which might reflect the different historical backgrounds and regional levels of entrepreneurial activity. This paper presents the preliminary results of the study which are of value for both ecosystem actors and policymakers designing initiatives to strengthen the local entrepreneurial culture and public discourse promoting entrepreneurship.

Evaluation of Program For Funding Assistance for Beginner Entrepreneurs: A Case in Universitas Terbuka

This research examines the impact of the Entrepreneurship Development Assistance Program initiated by the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs through the Field of Entrepreneurship Development and Human Resource Development on Open University (UT) students. In 2015, the Ministry provided financial support and limited training and mentoring to UT students to foster entrepreneurship. The program is monitored over two years, from the student submitting a business proposal to funding, and is extended to the next three semesters. Students interested in starting their own business must submit a proposal, which is evaluated for feasibility and potential funding. This research involves contacting students who have participated in the 2015 Program. A total of 266 program participants were identified as the target population for the study. These participants came from Bandung, Batam, Denpasar, Jember, Jogjakarta, and Semarang. By equipping student entrepreneurs with adaptability and resilience, the program has the potential to foster a culture of entrepreneurship and contribute to economic growth and innovation in the long run.

THE ROLE OF INTRAPRENEURSHİP IN BLUE OCEAN STRATEGY

The realization of intrapreneurship activities is one of the important points in the achievement of a unique market position for the businesses to which the blue ocean strategy is implemented, and also in creating value for customers. However, in the implementation of this strategy, businesses need to make foresight and planning for how long they can maintain their position. In this case, the primary issue is to integrate the blue ocean strategy within the intrapreneurship relationship. In the markets that adopt the red ocean strategy, all competing businesses have intense efforts to win for the same business, while in the blue ocean strategy, there is a free market structure where the players are the same but different markets are located, rather than intense competition, aimed at creating innovation and benefit. The more unique, inimitable and inaccessible to the competitors, the higher the gains of the enterprises and the longer their lifespan will be. An intrapreneur is a person charged with generating and/or developing new ideas within the business. Today, it is seen that the popularity and benefits of intrapreneurship activities are increasing. In order to enter the blue oceans, which is an important factor for businesses to expand into new areas and increase profit maximization, it is very important for business management to create a policy to support intrapreneurship activities, as well as to create a new organizational culture that will support intrapreneurship. The success of the blue ocean strategy, which makes a difference in establishing the basis of the business strategy and providing competitive advantage, depends on the innovation-oriented, entrepreneurial culture of business managers. The aim of this study is to examine the "Blue Ocean Strategy", which is an alternative model in value creation, and the effects of intrapreneurship activities in businesses on this strategy in a conceptual framework.

Entrepreneurship Education Pedagogical Approaches in Higher Education

Entrepreneurship education, as an emerging scientific field, has undergone significant evolution at the conceptual and praxis levels. The concept of entrepreneurship was considered from a broad perspective as the capacity to act upon opportunities and ideas, thereby creating social, cultural, or financial value in diverse contexts. The study and cultivation of this competence are highly relevant to enhancing employability and equipping young people with the skills, knowledge, and attitudes necessary within an entrepreneurial culture for the exercise of active citizenship. This study aims to consolidate the concept and analyse the pedagogical approaches in entrepreneurship education, particularly focusing on experiential learning. It also explores the most frequently used instructional methods in higher education programmes. The research is based on a comprehensive literature review, complemented by a case study of the entrepreneurship education programme implemented at the University of Lisbon, in Portugal, enriched by data collected from one of its curricular units. Experiential learning emerges as a valid approach in entrepreneurship teaching, especially when teachers effectively combine practical experience with theory while learners assume the shared responsibility of learning from experience. As the most recommended instructional methods, one can point to collaborative pedagogical models, namely problem-based learning, project-based learning, peer assessment, design thinking, formative feedback, service learning, and active methodologies that integrate digital technologies.

THE CULTURE OF LEGAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES FROM COACHING

This article explores the development of legal entrepreneurship culture in public universities through coaching. While the relationship between public universities and productive sectors in Brazil is limited, in the United States, this culture is more pronounced, having a global influence since the 20th century. Universities are hubs for knowledge production and professional advancement. However, depending on a country’s political perspective, academic entrepreneurship can either be readily embraced or face cultural barriers. For instance, while the U.S. boasts a strong tradition of academic entrepreneurship, Brazil, despite progress, still finds this culture hindered by political and economic factors. Particularly in Brazil, debates about the state’s role in the economy, especially education, are exacerbated by ongoing political and economic crises. This context raises questions about promoting entrepreneurship, specifically in the legal field, within public universities. How can coaching assist in this endeavor, bridging the gap between academia and productive sectors? This paper argues that entrepreneurship, prevalent in the business world, is vital in the academic setting, especially in the legal domain traditionally oriented towards public service. A further rationale for this study is the rising global significance of coaching and its benefits for human and institutional development. The article employs the inductive method by Francis Bacon, examining how coaching can cultivate an entrepreneurial spirit in academia, specifically at the State University of Bahia in Itaberaba.

Entrepreneurial Mindset as a Facilitator and Barrier to Entrepreneurship Development: The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Culture

Entrepreneurship has been globally identified as an important factor for economic development. The importance of entrepreneurship has encouraged policymakers to invest in entrepreneurship development, and entrepreneurial mindset and culture are being assumed as important factors to consider in developing entrepreneurship success and growth. This study focused on the role of entrepreneurial mindset and culture on the entrepreneurship success or failure in South Africa. The objective of this study was to understand whether entrepreneurship culture can enhance entrepreneurial mindset and whether both entrepreneurial mindset and culture enhance entrepreneurship success and development. A qualitative research approach was used for this study, where a systematic literature review was followed as the method of review. Various online databases and peer-reviewed journal articles were used in analysing appropriate and relevant literature. The findings revealed that culture and mindset have a robust contribution towards entrepreneurship development and success. The findings further revealed that entrepreneurship culture makes an important contribution to the development of an entrepreneurial mindset, which encourages entrepreneurial intentions and venture success. This study indicates that the creation of an entrepreneurial mindset that drives creativity and innovation, resulting in new ventures being created and entrepreneurship culture being cemented, is very important in encouraging entrepreneurship growth and success.

Entrepreneurial Capacities and Knowledge Development Processes – insights from a research project –

The importance to enhance entrepreneurial capacities and knowledge development in is part of the Europe 2030 strategy with the aim to advance a European entrepreneurial culture. Consequently, entrepreneurship education is considered essential and thus encouraged by European Commission. Europe is facing a high rate of unemployment according to International Labour Organization (2022) and thus entrepreneurship capacities need to be developed as a possible way for facing unemployment. To address this problem and identify the main entrepreneurial capacities and knowledge processes to develop those capacities a literature review and a focus group were performed. The results show that the ten students participating in the focus group identified as the most urgent entrepreneurial capacities to be improved in young entrepreneurs are critical thinking, technical knowledge, problem solving capacity, relational and communication capacities, and team working. Regarding the most relevant knowledge development processes to promote successful entrepreneurship, they suggested education and training for the practical transition from the idea to its realization.

Entrepreneurial Culture and Performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Anambra State, Nigeria

This study examines the role of entrepreneurial culture on performance of small and medium enterprises in Anambra State, Nigeria. The study aims to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial mindset, entrepreneurial leadership and entrepreneurial values on financial performance, marketing performance, and environmental performance. Relevant literature were reviewed. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The survey instrument used for data collection for the study was a structured questionnaire with 5 Likert scale responses. The population of study was 2093 made up of registered small and medium scale enterprises in Anambra State, Nigeria. The statistical formula by Borg and Gall was employed to determine the sample size of 408. The instruments were subjected to face and content validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was established through the test-retest and Cronbach Alpha. Simple percentage analysis was used in the analyzing research question. Hypotheses for the study were analyzed using Linear Regression Analysis (MRA). The study revealed that entrepreneurial mindset has a significant positive effect on financial performance, entrepreneurial leadership styles have a significant positive effect on sales performance of small and medium enterprises, and entrepreneurial value has a significant positive influence on marketing performance of small and medium enterprises. The study therefore concluded that entrepreneurial culture has a significant positive effect on the performance of small and medium enterprises in Anambra State, Nigeria. The study recommended that entrepreneurship education in universities should consider teaching techniques that require students’ to have hands-on enterprise experience as well as to practice entrepreneurial directed approach in improving entrepreneurial mindset. Government should encourage the facilitation of workshops and seminars for SMEs operators in order to help their improved entrepreneurial leadership styles for better organizational performance.

The Effect of Sustainable Entrepreneurship on Economic Development in Jordan: The Mediating Role of Environmental Performances

This study examines how Jordan's economic development is impacted by sustainable entrepreneurship (SE), with an emphasis on the mediating function of environmental performances (EP). To be more precise, we look at how Jordanian entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial leadership, culture, and mentality support SE and ultimately impact economic development through EP. We use data gathered from a sample of 250 Jordanian entrepreneurs to evaluate our assumptions using a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling technique. According to our research, SE significantly and favourably influences EP, which in turn mediates the relationship between SE and economic development. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that Jordanian entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial leadership, culture, and mentality all have a favourable impact on SE. Policymakers, business owners, and other stakeholders interested in advancing sustainable economic development in Jordan should take note of these results. Our research emphasises how critical it is to create an entrepreneurial ecosystem that supports entrepreneurs' sustainable leadership, culture, and way of thinking. Furthermore, our results imply that Jordan's economic development may benefit from initiatives to enhance EP, offering policymakers a possible way to encourage sustainable entrepreneurship. Overall, by analysing EP's mediating role in the relationship between SE and economic development, this study adds to the body of knowledge on sustainable entrepreneurship and offers insightful information to practitioners and policymakers who wish to support sustainable economic development in Jordan.

The relationship between organizational culture and organizational entrepreneurship of employees of Sports and Youth in Hamadan province, Iran

The purpose of this study was to the relationship between organizational culture and organizational entrepreneurship of employees of Sports and Youth in Hamadan province, Iran. This is a descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population of the study was all employees of the General Directorate of Sports and Youth of Hamadan Province, whose number is 125 people and due to the limited statistical population, total number sampling, was used. To measure organizational culture, Denison's organizational culture questionnaire was used, which included 60 questions and 4 components of involvement in work (participation), similarity (compatibility or integration), adaptability, and mission and to measure organizational entrepreneurship, Margaret Hill's organizational entrepreneurship questionnaire was used, which includes 13 questions and 4 components of organizational actions, individual attitude, flexibility and entrepreneurial culture. These questionnaires are used as a useful tool. Cronbach's alpha coefficient in this study for organizational culture components is 0.944 and organizational entrepreneurship components are 0.839, which indicates the high reliability of the questionnaires. The validity of these questionnaires was also confirmed by sports management experts. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze them. In the descriptive statistics section, the frequency and percentage of cumulative frequency were used, in the inferential statistics section, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to normalize data distribution. Pearson and Regression correlation test using spss.25 software was used to test the implementation hypotheses.

Mapping the urban heritage environment : An explorative case study of the entrepreneurial culture of Hyderabad Sindh, Pakistan

This paper delves into a location’s historiography to learn more about communities and practices that have contributed to the heritage environment, some of which has been degraded as a result of rapid expansion, megacity migration and failure to conserve the built and cultural heritage. Because of its deep and rich urban historical background, the city of Hyderabad, located in the southern province of Pakistan, was chosen as a case study. The professional communities of Sindh, which once played a vital role in the city’s splendour, as well as the region’s rich culture and economy, are of particular interest in this paper. The analysis adopted an exploratory approach to explore historicity to achieve and preserve its long-term viability, which included engaging with the people who live in those areas. This research explored the rich connections between geography, history and emotions associated with any location, and explains how mapping aids in understanding different elements through their various dimensions. According to the findings of this paper, history as an exploratory tool has the potential to play a transformative role in Hyderabad city, boosting economic development, creativity and improving the efficiency of the historic built environment. The findings of this study inform that in view of its historicity, the socioeconomic aspect of Hyderabad city has significantly generated unique trading trends, society and spaces that provide a ‘sense of place’. Five key elements of the historicity framework developed in this paper include: offshoots of old patterns with revised strategies; designing user-friendly spaces that denote true, authentic and factual claims about the past; regenerating the place using its local products as heritage environments; adopting the historic urban landscapes (HUL) approach as a tool to explore for revitalising heritage; and developing integrated planning.

Research and technology organizations as entrepreneurship instruments: the case of the Institut National d’Optique in the Canadian optics and photonics industry

Research and technology organizations (RTOs) are studied in the innovation policy literature mainly as providers of R&D services and as intermediaries between universities and the private sector. Through the case of the Institut National d’Optique (INO), Canada’s leading RTO in the optics and photonics industry, we argue that RTOs can also act as entrepreneurs by generating technologies and commercializing them through licensing, technology transfers and spin-offs. By analyzing the broad range of activities undertaken by INO, we also discuss what characteristics make some RTOs more likely to embrace entrepreneurship than others. Those characteristics include the following: renewed access to government funding to build a strong in-house research infrastructure and scientific workforce; strategic R&D planning that incorporates commercial objectives and an environment that encourages a culture of entrepreneurship among employees; the ability to act as the driving force of a network of academic, government and private sector organizations. From a policy perspective, the INO case indicates that the main value of using RTOs as entrepreneurship instruments does not lie in profitability but rather in developing dynamic regional systems of innovation.

Sustainable Institutional Entrepreneurial Culture and Innovation For Economic Growth

This article discusses institutional entrepreneurial culture and the enabling factors for sustainable economic growth. This study aims to identify the key factors contributing to institutional entrepreneurial culture development. The research utilizes a qualitative approach, and the results show that an innovative and entrepreneurial culture can enhance a country's long-term economic prosperity. A strong relationship exists between culture, innovation, and long-term economic success. Therefore, it is important to promote an institutional entrepreneurial culture through several factors, such as supporting government policies and programs, developing supporting infrastructure, education, and training, and cooperation between the public and private sectors. This research provides useful insights for policies and interests in the economic sector to promote innovation and entrepreneurship that can enhance economic growth. As such, this article provides important insights for readers interested in developing a sustainable institutional entrepreneurial culture and economic growth.

Students’ entrepreneurial learning through an internship abroad: A cross-cultural experience

Background: Cross-cultural learning provides students with the opportunity for improved self-awareness when they are placed in unfamiliar situations where their understanding of who they are and what they can do is challenged or expanded. This paper built on the concepts of experiential learning in rich contexts and self-image shocks and explored the research question on how cross-cultural learning in entrepreneurship exchange programmes offered students unique personal learning possibilities and outcomes.Aim: The aim was to build new theoretical and empirical knowledge on the influence and importance of cross-cultural learning in entrepreneurship education (EE).Setting: The study involved South African (SA) students taking part in an internship programme in the vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystem of Bergen, Norway.Methods: Adopting a longitudinal design and purposive sampling, four SA students were included in the study. Data were acquired from two reflective group sessions, on two separate instances, and a final student reflection report. The interviews were transcribed and coded along with the written reflection reports and these data sources were subjected to thematic analysis.Results: Four themes were uncovered: Learning about the entrepreneurial culture triggers comparison with own culture, Embracing uncertainty and developing entrepreneurial capabilities, Transformational learning through self-image shocks, Can I become a future entrepreneur? Where am I going?Conclusion: The research highlighted the importance of cross-cultural experience and foreignness as powerful triggers in stimulating students’ introspection and development of self-image.Contribution: The research combines two research streams, hence advancing our theoretical conceptualisation of cross-cultural learning in EE.

Сравнительный анализ моделей инновационной активности вузов

Introduction. Universities play an important role in the formation and transfer of new knowledge, its application and commercialization, becoming centers of intellectual development, scientific discoveries and technological progress. Innovative activity is one of the key success factors for a university in the field of domestic higher education. This determines the relevance of considering the directions of universities innovative activity development, taking into account various models of innovative activity, stages of the universities’ life cycle and their functions. Theoretical analysis. The analysis of university models (1.0–4.0) was carried out and the methods for implementing innovations, as well as the expected results of innovative activity, were considered. Depending on the performance of a particular function by a university, different results of innovation activity arise depending on the level of the university’s innovative activity when performing each of these functions and stages of the life cycle. The directions of the university innovative activity development are analyzed depending on its life cycle stage and a comparative characteristic of the university’s models according to the innovative activity methods is carried out. Results. The key directions for the universities innovative activity development are presented, including strengthening ties with industry and organizations for joint research, development and new technologies implementation, creation of special programs and structures that support innovation, increasing financial support for innovative projects and initiatives, developing a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship.

Exploring the born global firms from the Asia Pacific

AbstractThis study aims to synthesize the extant research on the Born Global Firms (BGF) phenomenon, mainly focusing on the Asia Pacific region (APAC). We adopt the systematic literature review methodology to identify the main context-specific drivers (‘success factors’) and outcomes of BGFs’ accelerated internationalization and the challenges they face before, during, and after global expansion. The analysis and evaluation of relevant studies reveal several critical variables that need to be extensively investigated (separately and in tandem) by scholars in order to advance existing theories and, at the same time, explain the out-of-pattern behaviors of BGFs outside the typical ‘Western economy’ context. Among the core variables are international entrepreneurial orientation and culture adoption, organizational learning and networking strategies, global strategic human capital and network resources (as predictors of BGFs’ international performance) and resource constraints, institutional and cultural distances, and liabilities of newness, smallness, foreignness, outsidership, and emergingness (as constraints to BGFs’ success). By identifying the research gaps and proposing a comprehensive framework with promising avenues for future research into the phenomenon of BGFs from the APAC region, this study helps enhance our understanding of the global strategy formation and execution processes of international new ventures from ‘the East’ and stimulate interdisciplinary dialogue between international business, strategy, and entrepreneurship scholars.