Entire Business Process Research Articles

HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS ACCEPTANCE AT WONOSARI REGIONAL HOSPITAL, GUNUNGKIDUL, YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA

Background: The hospital management information system (HMIS) is a computer system that processes entire health care business processes, including reporting and administrative procedures, to obtain information quickly, precisely, and accurately. The Wonosari Regional Hospital is a type B hospital that has implemented the HMIS. This study aimed to analyse the HMIS use in the Wonosari Regional Hospital, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta.Methods: This is a quantitative study using a cross sectional design. Seventy-nine staffs participated in this study that recruited using the purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire, then analysed statistically.Results: Perceived ease of use was found significant (p-value ≤ 0.05) associated with HMIS use.Conclusions: Perceived ease of use influenced the use of HMIS at the Wonosari Regional Hospital, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta.

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT UNDER MARKET UNCERTAINTY

This article proposes to consider global supply chain management as a process of management and coordination of the entire business process chain of supply actors, each of which has its priorities and goals in the process of ensuring fast and cost-effective delivery of goods or/and services to consumers, fair distribution of risks, costs and benefits among all participants in the chain. It is formulated that the main idea of the enterprises' transition to a new global level should be to build global logistics and the corresponding global supply chain management. The analysis of scientific sources allowed the author to offer a generalized definition of the supply chain as a linearly ordered system of legal entities and individuals (economic units), which distinguishes suppliers of initial and final levels, manufacturers, distributors of first and final levels, companies involved and performing operations in the process of moving material and related flows from one logistics system to another or the final consumer. It is noted that the main way to prevent negative consequences in the enterprises' activities as those operating in the supply chain is to consider the logistics chain not as a set of individual functional activities, but as global management of the entire supply chain. A prerequisite for effective supply chain management is the integration and coordination of business processes within the enterprise as ways to identify market uncertainty, as well as the presence of external partnerships to share external uncertainties and benefits for a more efficient logistics chain as a whole. Keywords: global logistics, supply chain, supply chain management, global supply chain management, market uncertainty, risk.

УПРАВЛІНСЬКІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ЛОГІСТИКИ ПОСТАЧАННЯ

Modern realities of enterprises operation actualize the need to optimize logistics chains by intensifying administration actions of managers to detail logistics expenditures and automate the business process. At the same time, the functional focus of the company's interaction with partners in supply logistics is to perform tasks aimed at minimizing logistics costs. Minimization of logistics costs, as well as the introduction into management practice of other principles of logistics (timeliness of deliveries, assurance of quality and declared deadlines) creates additional competitive advantages of the enterprise and optimizes its entire business process. Under these conditions, the issue of management approaches is actualized, which makes it possible to increase production flexibility, adapt the enterprise to competitive conditions, optimize flow processes, integrate elements of the production management system, ensure maximum capacity of production facilities, optimize basic and auxiliary operations, manufacture products in accordance with existing orders and fully meet the expectations of the main stakeholders of the enterprise. The vector of application of management approaches should be based on definite, specific for a particular business unit, measurable parameters of operating activities, which would be indicators of overall performance of the enterprise and informationally integrate the effectiveness of logistics and operating systems as a whole. The article proposes a methodical approach to the formation of a system of indicators for a comprehensive assessment of raw material procurement (cost of the procurement process; quality of raw materials; the degree of satisfaction of final users) as well as an algorithm for their calculation. The practical significance of calculating such indicators is the synthesized application of indicators of efficiency of logistic and production systems of the enterprise as a whole, as well as the application of differentiated assessment of significance of indicators according to the established rating scale depending on the functional orientation of purchased products for the production process.

A Novel Optimal Selection Algorithm for Agricultural Trade Export in Blockchain‐Enabled Internet of Things

With the maturity of modern science and technology, such as networks and computers, Internet of Things has been widely used in various fields of industry, opening up a new situation for the development of the industry and creating a broader development platform. This paper systematically analyzes the characteristics and changes of the commodity structure, regional structure, market structure, and main structure of export management of agricultural products. The proposed algorithm uses computer technology, network technology, and remote communication technology, electronic, digital, and network—the entire business process of business. The empirical analysis shows that the structure of agricultural product export trade reflects the endowment and comparative advantage of agricultural resources in China. The proposed blockchain technology supports and guides agricultural export enterprises to develop their own brands, strengthen the quality and safety management of agricultural products, and innovate and expand the policy support system for optimizing the structure of agricultural product export trade. By optimizing the export mode of agricultural trade, we can achieve the purpose of increasing the export volume of agricultural products and the total value of trade exports. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, which can greatly improve the volume of trade exports and the total value of trade exports.

Analysis of Chicken Meat Supply Chain in Dua Putra Perkasa Pratama Company (Inc.)

Supply chain analysis required in the entire business process because it produced a more sufficient product on the producer to the consumer level with the precise condition, time, and amount of product. This study purpose was to analyze the main product flow, mechanism, and supply chain performance of the chicken meat produced by the Dua Putra Perkasa Pratama Company (Inc.) The study location was chosen by a purposive sampling technique, while the participant selection done by judgment sampling technique. The participants were the supplier, key informant from the company, and customer. The supply chain, mechanism, and performance data analyzed by descriptive analysis method with the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model. Results showed that the flow of the supply chain, financial supply chain, and informational was moving from the upstream to downstream, downstream to upstream, and upstream to downstream or downstream to upstream, respectively. The company supply chain performance classified in a very good range performance with a total score of 96.73.

Current Scenario of Different Type of Services Marketing and Delivery in Customer Relationship Management

A Significance of customer relationship management, CRM in banking sector and their benefit to their customer, principles of CRM, challenges for implementation. Profile of sample bank and their working performance were discussed perception of service quality of public and private sectors banks and their expectations in this regard and discussed in forthcoming the social economic profile of the respondents is disused. The concept of CRM is vital to the insurance sector. Good customer service is the bust brand ambassador for any mode of insurance. The entire business process consists of highly integrated efforts to discover, create, arouse and satisfy customer need. The modern business has realized it and is making all out efforts to become customer-centric across the globe. Hence, the customer relationship management is not a once-for-all affair but a continuous process. It is the integral approach of dealing with customer by deploying the advanced information technology. The Hospitality industry a huge potential for Social CRM. The hospitality industry thrives on two basic factors-segmentation & uniqueness. Apart from the regular promises of customer satisfaction, it is the identity or rather the personality on hotel that really matter. Customer relationship management, particularly on hotel chin level, is very challenging but also very important, as the hospitality industry deals with perishable goods and need to mange supply and demand with a sure instinct.

Optimization of Deployment Architecture in SOA systems

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) has been a popular foundation in corporate architecture management for years. Numerous forms of integration following this approach are developing to such an extent that they automate entire business processes in the form of service call sequences. The level of complexity of integration is growing and the popularity of methods aimed at improving the efficiency of SOA systems is increasing. This article proposes a new method for improving the efficiency of SOA systems. It is organized in the following manner. The first chapter introduces the most important concepts related to SOA. The second presents results of the literature analysis. The third describes the optimization problem and the fourth shows a potential solution. Finally, some studies of the described method and a summary of thereof are presented.

Formulating cloud based hospital information system (HIS) with Zachman framework

Information Technology and System (IT/S) has become essential components in the companies in various focuses and fields. Major Indonesian companies experience difficulties to link the business objectives with IT implementation, that lead to creating major problems, such as: ineffective IT investment, major complaints amongst potential stakeholders, etc. The article takes the case study of one of the largest hospital chains, XYZ Hospital that has 21 subsidiaries operating in major cities in Indonesia. Currently, The XYZ hospital has cloud-based computer system that integrates entire business processes in Hospital Information System (HIS). Due to its all advance computer systems, ironically, the HIS receives many complaints and dissatisfaction amongst major stakeholders of the hospital. The director has risen the issue to evaluate the current HIS development. For this reason, the article proposes the popular Enterprise Architecture, Zachman framework to assess the current business process in the organisation. To simplify the discussion, the framework is simplified to the essential component of 3x3 matrix, and links them with 3 important stakeholder’s perspectives of HIS development: planner (scope), owner (enterprise model) and designer (system model). The outcome is expected to provide reference for those important stakeholders for further HIS development.

Costs of Enterprise: Opportunities of Management and Optimization Based on Functional Modeling and Prospects of Business Processes

Sustainable development of a domestic enterprise depends on the rational use of all types of resources, which necessitates the transition to an optimal cost management system. The urgency and significance of the cost management problem necessitates a thorough research and the determination of the optimal cost structure. The article proposes a modeling procedure for improvement of accounting and cost management. The article highlights the features of the management and cost optimization procedure based on functional modeling and re-designing of business processes in the context of the process approach chosen by the majority of enterprises. In order to improve cost management and the activity of the machine-building enterprise, the article proposed the use of the IDEF0 (Integration Definition for Function Modeling business process) modeling methodologies, which reflects the process approach to the formation and identification of business processes of the enterprise.The article proposes to apply a modeling and redesign process for business processes to find reserves for cost reduction and improvement of cost management system, and presents models of cost management and business processes of freight transport of a structural unit of a machine-building plant. To optimize the costs of the enterprise proposed the use of functional-cost analysis. The content is determined, application of modeling and redesign of business processes is grounded in order to find the reserves of cost reduction. The procedure of using modeling and re-designing of business processes at Ukrainian enterprises is determined. The practical significance of the results obtained is to improve the accounting and cost management systems, the results of which can be simulated, which will allow planning, forecasting and cost modeling across the entire business processes chain, developing measures for obtaining the desired results for individual operations and, in general, for functional activities, etc. Keywords costs, cost management, cost optimization, functional modeling, business process, modeling and re-designing of business processes.

The problem of effective deployment architecture in SOA

Service Oriented Architecture is popular in many organizations. In particular, it has already deeply rooted in large corporations that need to automate entire business processes and implement them in many systems. It has a unique feature that allows unambiguously indicate service that is to realise business process step. That indication is possible to show directly in BPMN diagram. Thus, it is possible to trace which server has used resources to implement the service and how much of those resources were needed. Therefore, it is possible to build an optimization task that, with limited and unreliable resources, will determine such allocation of components to servers and such an algorithm for assigning tasks to them, so that the processes will work as well as possible. The article presents a model of such an optimization task. This model consists of four layers. The Organization Layer describes the system environment – the types and frequency of initiating business process instances. The Integration Layer describes the business processes and indicates the services that should be performed at every step. The Component Layer describes component characteristics and what services they provide. In Server Layer both: server characteristics and runtime environments necessary for the component to run are described. Finally, the optimization task and evaluation criteria are formulated.

Scenario development for improving supply chain performance using the system dynamics approach

Supply chain management integrates the entire business process of a product from upstream to downstream with the aim of delivering products to consumers in a timely manner and precise quantity without overriding profit. The application of dynamics systems is aimed to provide a holistic view of the system and to identify how interrelationship affects the system as a whole. System dynamics approach is used to analyze the efforts to improve performance. Besides being used as an analysis related to the model, system dynamics can also be used to formulate effective policy related to the profit distribution in case study of bell pepper supply chain. In this study, several scenarios were used as references to improve bell pepper supply chain performance in Regency X. The stake holders in the supply chain were farmer, middleman, and wholesaler. There were three sub-models used in system dynamics, namely the sub-model farmer, middleman, and wholesaler. The model in the system dynamics was then developed to find out the best scenario in improving the performance of bell pepper supply chain. The scenario developed consisted of 4 scenarios in which scenario 1 became the basic scenario as the comparison of simulation results. Then, Scenario 2 was a Supply-Demand arrangement to reduce losses obtained at the level of middleman and wholesaler. The policy of Scenario 3 was warehouse procurement, which was a model improvement scenario in Scenario 3. Lastly, Scenario 4 was an increase in the level of demand / market expansion without an increase in the number of production. The highest total supply chain profit from the four scenarios was in Scenario 3, while the lowest was Scenario 2.

Blockchain distributed ledger technology: An introduction and focus on smart contracts

AbstractThe rapid evolution of the blockchain and distributed ledger technology and the associated applications will require many changes in the way business is transacted and how transactions are recorded. Significant R&D investments in blockchain environments and the maturation of application uses of “smart contracts” and other types of self‐executing tools are establishing frameworks for expanded use, infrastructure growth, and further development. The realization of the impact of these investments is currently changing entire business processes, transforming industries, and impacting governments globally. This global disruptive impact is a major technology evolution and will be transformational to society over the next several decades much as the Internet has been over the last 30 years. As these changes will be especially transformational to fundamental accounting processes, tools, and methodologies of today, accounting and finance professionals would be wise to embrace the technological challenges associated with blockchain technology.

Modern approaches to the rationing of managerial labor

Article deals with the modern management problem associated with improving the accuracy of the ration of managerial work. Emphasis is on the need to move from the rationing of the working day to the rationing of individual labor functions (operations). The subject of the article is contradictions arising in the process of integration of quantitative and qualitative methods of research of the work process. The main purpose of the article is to create the author's concept of overcoming contradictions between the existing methods of regulation managerial labor and the practical need of enterprises in developing these norms. Concept is based on the synthesis of quantitative and qualitative methods. The methodological framework of the study consists of the concept of foreign and domestic researchers involved in the issues of labor rationing and management efficiency. The problem of the article lies in the fact that the existing approaches to standards of management personnel are not sufficiently adapted to solving problems in conditions of intellectual labor. The cause of the problem is seen as the need of enterprises to improve the efficiency of not individual employees involved in management issues, but of the entire business process management. In combination with the totality of such general scientific and special methods of cognition, such as dialectical, systemic, descriptive, theoretical modeling, the article offers approaches to eliminate this contradiction. The main conclusion of the article is the necessity of application of two-stage approaches to the valuation of managerial work, where the first phase involves a qualitative analysis of the structure of the business process, is conducted after the close study of the cost of labor in the performance of these functions. The article defines the limitations of the application of this method and offers recommendations for its integration with methods of studying the cost of working time. As the resulting conclusions, it is proposed to apply not for all business processes but for the most significant for the organization. This method will optimize the costs of rationing, and explore only the largest (and, accordingly, costly) business processes for an organization. The basis of this method is the ranking system proposed in the article. It is also insisted that in modern management practice it is inappropriate to control individual participants in a business process (jobs). It is necessary to standardize the entire business process with its further distribution among the performers.

E-Entrepreneurship for E-Startups: Potentials, Common Challenges and Way Forward

In today’s economic world, the advancement in technology has opened up new forms of economic activities, particularly business. Whilst entrepreneurship is a major factor in business, e-entrepreneurship has become a buzzword facilitated by the rapid advancement of internet and developments in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). E-entrepreneurship, in the name of transforming business from the local marketplace to the global one, has revolutionized the entire business processes. This set of new business mechanism has created new opportunities for the startups, which in this regard is termed as e-startups. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to develop a comprehensive understanding of the concept of eentrepreneurship by addressing related potentials and challenges. Extant literature has been reviewed to this end. The analysis indicated that flexibility of and accessibility to technology and products, less capital and risk in comparison to physical businesses are the major advantages that an e-entrepreneur might enjoy while commencing an e-startup. On the other hand, lack of institutional support, digital security threat, tough competition with established brands, less innovation and lack of academic and practical exposure in terms of business and marketing are some barriers that challenge the operation of e-startups. The conclusion of the paper draws on some recommendations accordingly.

Automatic Verification and Diagnosis of Security Risk Assessments in Business Process Models

Organizations execute daily activities to meet their objectives. The performance of these activities can be fundamental for achieving a business objective, but they also imply the assumption of certain security risks that might go against a company's security policies. A risk may be defined as the effects of uncertainty on the achievement of the goals of a company, some of which can be associated with security aspects (e.g., data corruption or data leakage). The execution of the activities can be choreographed using business processes models, in which the risk of the entire business process model derives from a combination of the single activity risks (executed in an isolated manner). In this paper, a risk assessment method is proposed to enable the analysis and evaluation of a set of activities combined in a business process model to ascertain whether the model conforms to the security-risk objectives. To achieve this objective, we use a business process extension with security-risk information to: 1) define an algorithm to verify the level of risk of process models; 2) design an algorithm to diagnose the risk of the activities that fail to conform to the level of risk established in security-risk objectives; and 3) the implementation of a tool that supports the described proposal. In addition, a real case study is presented, and a set of scalability benchmarks of performance analysis is carried out in order to check the usefulness and suitability of automation of the algorithms.

The Impact of Entrepreneurial Experience on Entrepreneurial Opportunity Identification—An Analysis of the Case of Agel Ecommerce Ltd

Entrepreneurial opportunity recognition is the starting stage of entrepreneurial process, is an important source of entrepreneurial ability and competitive advantage, opportunity recognition affects the entire business process, even the success or failure of entrepreneurial activities is very important. This paper takes Hu Jun founder of Agel Ecommerce Ltd’s entrepreneurial case as the research object, and through analysis how to identify and select entrepreneurial opportunity and its effects in the entrepreneurial process, then summarized to get the conclusion that entrepreneurial learning, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial experience and another factors have positive effect on the opportunity identification, selection and execution of entrepreneurial opportunity, and they also could provide a reference for entrepreneurs of undergraduate to better carry out some entrepreneurial activities.

Digital Twin Service towards Smart Manufacturing

Digital twin provides an effective way for the cyber-physical integration of manufacturing. Meanwhile, smart manufacturing services could optimize the entire business processes and operation procedure of manufacturing, to achieve a new higher level of productivity. The combination of smart manufacturing services and digital twin would radically change product design, manufacturing, usage, MRO and other processes. Combined with the services, the digital twin will generate more reasonable manufacturing planning and precise production control to help achieve smart manufacturing, through the two-way connectivity between the virtual and physical worlds of manufacturing. This paper specifies and highlights how manufacturing services and digital twin are converged together and the various components of digital twin are used by manufacturers in the form of services.

Importance of internal audit for the Ministry of Defense and the Serbian Armed Forces

Internal audit is an established independent, highly professional and objective, assessing and advisory activity, which is done in order to provide the management with services in order to create new value and improve the business. It achieves its objectives through a systematic and disciplined approach to the assessment and improvement of the effectiveness of the risk management, control, and management. The area of internal audit extends from reviews of financial statements, to verification and evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of the entire business process. Bearing in mind that the needs of the defense system are of the highest importance for any country, the necessity of establishing the internal audit is the most effective mechanism for financial and operational improvements in the business operations, aimed at increasing the combat readiness, with legal, dedicated, cost-effective and efficient use of budget funds. This paper presents the scope and legal base of the internal audit in the Ministry of Defense and the Serbian Armed Forces, on the general cognitive bases, through presenting the concept and importance of internal audit. It also points to the key areas of locating the internal audit in the defense system, which can contribute both to costeffectiveness and efficiency, and greater overall value.

AHP를 활용한 노후 공동주택의 재건축과 리모델링의 사업선택결정에 관한 연구

1970년대 중반 이후 건립된 노후 공동주택 단지들에 대한 재정비 사업의 일환으로 재개발과 리모델링이 도입되었고 각 사업의 활성화를 위한 정부의 정책도 지속적으로 변화해왔다. 하지만 정책의 빈번한 변화는 사업 방식을 선택하는데 있어서 사업 주체간의 갈등과 대립을 야기 시켰고 이러한 사업 초기 단계부터의 갈등은 사업의 전체적인 진행에 차질을 주었다. 따라서 이러한 갈등을 해결하기 위하여 재건축과 리모델링의 장단점을 고려한 합리적인 사업 선택 모델 구축이 필요하게 되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 재건축과 리모델링의 사업을 선택함에 있어서 어떠한 요소들이 얼마나 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 알아보기 위하여 두 사업에 대한 비교 분석을 통해 사업 선택 요소를 도출하였고 전문가들을 통한 적정성 검증으로 4개 분야 26항목의 선택요소들을 최종 선별하였다. 이후 AHP 기법을 이용하여 각 선택 요소가 재건축과 리모델링 사업선택에 미치는 상대적 중요도 및 영향값을 분석하여 우선순위를 도출하였다. 이처럼 재건축과 리모델링의 사업선택 요소에 대한 영향력 분석을 통해 얻은 결론을 바탕으로 여러 사례검증을 통한 연구를 지속적으로 진행하여 소유자들간의 갈등을 해결하고 사업을 합리적인 방향으로 선택 할 수 있기를 기대한다. Reconstruction and remodeling have been introduced as a part of renewal (redevelopment) projects for old apartments built after the mid-1970's and government policies for revitalizing each project has been changed continually. However, the frequent changes of the policies have caused conflicts among business entities in selecting business methods. The conflicts from their early stages have made serious problems in the entire business process. Therefore, this study deduced factors of business selection by applying comparison analysis between the two business projects on how certain factors have an influence on selecting reconstruction and remodeling business projects. Based on the analysis, four categories and 26 factors were finally selected. After then, the priority of each selection factor was deduced through the AHP method used for analysis of relative importance and impact values regarding to the business selection. It is expected to resolve conflicts among owners and select rational directions for reconstruction and remodeling business, based on the conclusion through analysis of influence on selection factors.

Research of the Combination of Distributed Business Processes Based on Dynamic Planning

In order to achieve the collaborative completion of entire business process by composition between different workflow management systems, a process composition method based on dynamic programming has been put forward. By analyzing differences and relations between process composition and Web services composition, many aspects have been analyzed with regard to service interface of the workflow system, the interaction control between the workflow systems, parameters and message’s delivery and the planning indexes according to the characteristics of process interaction among the distributed workflow systems. When the process is running, according to the indicators and expectations of users, the optimal workflow services and sub-processes would be selected through dynamic planning method, to provide support to the dynamic combination of workflow processes in a distributed environment.