Automotive Industry Enterprises Research Articles

CREATION OF TOOLS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE - SUBJECT OF ZED

The purpose of the article is to consider tools for the development of enterprises that are subjects of foreign economic activity (FEA). The consequences of the war against Ukraine create a compelling need for the development of the national Ukrainian economy. Analyzing the foreign experience of different countries in the post-war period indicates that export activities are one of the most reasonable vectors for such development, both at the level of individual enterprises and at the level of the national economy as a whole. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats have been identified for Ukrainian enterprises operating in the field of foreign economic activity. It is shown that the number of threats has increased compared to the pre-war period. Despite the significant number of threats and weaknesses, the analysis shows that Ukrainian enterprises have a "window of opportunities" that can be effectively used. Using dichotomous criteria for the possibility of entering foreign markets and the potential of the domestic market, a matrix of strategic choice has been developed. This matrix is intended for use at the level of individual enterprises. A reasonable strategic choice for the enterprise is determined for each quadrant of this matrix in the general version, and industry-specific recommendations are considered. Based on formulated key questions, necessary development tasks are identified for enterprises as subjects of foreign economic activity. These tasks include strategic goal setting, determination of the competitive advantage used, and development of the enterprise strategy. Necessary management tools are proposed and described for the implementation of each of these tasks. A set of key questions has been developed for the chosen model of enterprise development strategy to determine the content of the elements of such a strategy. The usage of proposed development tools for subjects of foreign economic activity is briefly presented using the example of automotive industry enterprises.

Factories of the future in the automotive industry of Russia: the balance between energy efficiency and digital development

The paper studies the prospects for the introduction of advanced production technologies (APT) and new business models at the enterprises of the automotive industry of the Russian Federation in order to find the balance between the investments into the more efficient energy management of the industrial buildings and the financing of digitalization process in the model of “factories of the future”. It includes the study of the opportunities that appear in companies that are “factories of the future”, the analysis of the existing experience in the implementation of APT and energy efficiency tools at the enterprises of the automotive industry in Russia and Europe and the identification of the factors limiting widespread “factories of the future” at the moment. The authors present an economic view on the problem of integrating both advanced production technologies and new energy management models into the activities of the Russian automotive industry enterprises.

УЛУЧШЕНИЕ ПРОЦЕССА МОНИТОРИНГА ЦЕЛЕЙ В ОБЛАСТИ КАЧЕСТВА НА ПРИМЕРЕ МАШИНОСТРОИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

The article scientifically substantiates the need to improve the completeness of information on the parameters that reflect the customer value of the quality of high-tech products of mechanical engineering (automotive industry). An effective analytical toolkit for the process of setting and monitoring quality objectives for automotive industry enterprises has been proposed.

Approaches to Forming the Rating of Automotive Industry Enterprises Based on Financial Statements

The article presents the results of developing a methodology for rating the enterprises of the automotive industry. The tasks formulated in the Consolidated Strategy for the Development of the Manufacturing Industry require an increase in innovation activity and the development of the export potential of enterprises in the automotive industry. The formation of a monitoring system for this sector of the economy will contribute to the achievement of the planned indicators. A review of the rating methods used in practice has shown that most of them are based on the assessment of traditional areas, including the level of business activity, profitability, and financial condition of enterprises. With regard to high-tech enterprises the ratings cover a limited number of organizations, due to the specifics of the information used and the declarative nature of participation.The methodology developed by the authors for rating enterprises in the automotive industry is based primarily on taking into account the innovative component of organizations’ activities. For these purposes, a system of indicators based on information reflected in the financial statements of enterprises has been proposed, which increases the objectivity of the results of comparative analysis and allows it to be used for mass valuation of enterprises.

INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF STATE SUPPORT FOR THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

The governments of different countries (the USA, Germany, Japan, China, Russia, etc.), regardless of the principles of economy state regulation that have been formed in them, provide support to the automotive industry enterprises, which is due to the high importance of the industry in creating jobs and the multiplicative effect that is manifested in the growth of production in related industries. The article presents the results of the analysis of the world and Russian practice of using various measures of state support for enterprises.

INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO ASSESSING ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES AT AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES: THE EU EXPERIENCE FOR UKRAINE

The article considers the features of organizational changes (organizational innovations) that have been carried out in the automotive industry of countries that have relatively recently joined the European Union (the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, and Romania). These countries, starting from 1990s and throughout 2000s, rebuilt their own automotive industry and managed to attract investors, which resulted in increased production and car exports. The article substantiates that in the modern world the automotive industry has tendencies towards internationalization (production in different countries), development of large multi-brand concerns (production of different classes and makes of cars), cooperation (OEM companies and car dealers cooperating with concerns), and specialization (each country produces cars that meet market needs, either for domestic consumption or for export). This issue is extremely important for Ukraine, as the Ukrainian automobile industry now ranks second among the post-Soviet countries and 11th among the Eurozone countries in terms of production, with 7 automobile plants operating in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to analyse organizational changes in the automotive industry enterprises in Eastern Europe, including the introduction of innovations, as well as to determine the possibility of implementing such changes in the automotive industry in Ukraine.

DUAL EDUCATION IN THE SPHERE ОF AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

This paper is devoted to the consideration of one of the innovative direction in higher education – dual education, which is especially acceptable in the sphere of automotive industry higher education. Role of the automotive industry enterprises in the educational process of technical higher education institutions is revealed. Examples of the dual education best practices in Germany and Ukraine are shown. Perspectives of dual education development in the Republic of Belarus are investigated, the experience of its elements using in different Belarusian higher educational establishments is shown. Possibility of dual education implementation in Belarusian National Technical University is substantiated, including their realization within international educational projects.

The Level of Production Localization of Automotive Industry Enterprises in Russia

Currently, in Russia there is a need for inclusion of Russian companies in the global value chains. The international alliances created in the automotive industry are able to influence this situation to a certain extent. Increasing the level of localization of such enterprises is a possible solution to the problem of production value chains formation. The aim of this research is to compare the level of production localization of automotive industry enterprises in Russia. The main research methods are comparison, analysis and synthesis of the obtained information. The authors analyzed the degree of localization of the largest automobile enterprises included in international alliances.

Theory and practice of corporate strategies implementation on the example of automotive industry enterprises

The article deals with the theoretical aspects of the development and implementation of corporate strategies and practical actions of enterprises of the automotive industry in order to obtain competitive advantages in the dynamically changing conditions of business development on the example of enterprises-leaders in the field of automotive industry. The article attempts to identify new areas of strategic development of the automotive industry, taking into account the current trends of companies such as German BMW Group and Volkswagen AG and actively developing Chinese manufacturers - BAIC, Chery, Geely, JAC, JAV. The focus is on the production of hybrid and electric drive vehicles. Special attention is paid to the prospects of development of the Russian segment of production of cars with hybrid and electric drive and identification of the problems hindering its advanced development and the reasons hindering the expansion of the segment of use of cars with hybrid and electric drive of both Russian and imported production.

Инновационный подход к мотивации персонала предприятий автомобилестроения в условиях осуществления внешнеэкономической деятельности

The paper features the problems of staff motivation in the automotive industry in the context of foreign economic activity. In the modern conditions, the increase in the efficiency of foreign economic activity of automobile industry enterprises is largely ensured by the development of human capital and the motivation system that is able to maximize the potential of employees. The research objective was to develop an innovative approach to the staff motivation in the automotive industry in the context of foreign economic activity. The paper contains a retrospective analysis of various approaches to employee motivation. Comparative and benchmarking approaches were used to substantiate the most promising and modern ways of stimulating the labor activity of personnel. Modern technologies of motivation have a wide range of negative consequences for the automotive industry. For instance, the imbalance in personnel training results from the fact that there are not enough qualified technical and computer specialists. Moreover, staff motivation methods have been limited to monetary incentives, which has led to low commitment, involvement, and loyalty. There is also a lack of mechanisms for innovations. These processes reduce the economic sustainability of automotive enterprises, as well as their ability to expand markets and competitiveness in the global economy. A system of integrated analysis of approaches could solve the problems of staff motivation in the automotive industry enterprises of the Russian Federation in the modern foreign market conditions.

ІНТЕГРАЛЬНА ОЦІНКА КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ АВТОМОБІЛЕБУДІВНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ УКРАЇНИ

UDC 338.45; JEL Classification: L 60 : L 62 Purpose: integral assessing the competitiveness of the automotive enterprises of Ukraine. Methodology of research: the author's method of the assessment of the competitiveness of the automotive enterprises, which combines the main elements of the expert, integral and matrix approaches, takes into account the peculiarities of the formation of the competitiveness of the enterprises of the automotive industry. Findings: integral assessment of the competitiveness of the automotive enterprises of Ukraine in the period of 2013-2017 was carried out. The levels of the competitiveness of the passenger cars, trucks and buses produced by Ukrainian automotive enterprises were identified, including by the price parameter and non-price parameters («quality», «assortment (modifications)» and «service»). The value of the complex indicators of the productive, personnel, managerial, innovation-investment, financial, strategic and market potentials as the structural elements of the integral indices of the competitive potential of the automotive enterprises of Ukraine was determined. The value of the integral indexes of the competitiveness of Ukrainian automotive enterprises in the research period was calculated. The stages of the life cycles of the enterprises produced cars, trucks and buses production in Ukraine were revealed. The matrices of the development of the automotive enterprises of Ukraine were constructed. Originality: the obtained results of the integral assessment of the competitiveness of the automotive enterprises of Ukraine form the basis for the state strategy of the automotive industry development in Ukraine based on the harmonization approach. Practical value : the author's method of the assessment of the competitiveness of the automotive enterprises is recommended for use by the automotive industry enterprises.

Patterns and trends in the development of Russian automotive industry enterprises by type of ownership in 2012–2016

Patterns and trends in the development of Russian automotive industry enterprises by type of ownership in 2012–2016

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY IN UKRAINE

The article identifies major problems of the development of the automotive industry in Ukraine in 2010-2015, such as: catastrophic decrease of the production volume of cars, trucks and buses; reduction of the production capacity of automotive industry enterprises; loss of the competitiveness of the domestic automakers on the national automobiles market; increase of the dependence of automakers from borrowed funds; prevailing unprofitability of automakers and bankruptcy of some of them. Nowadays the only way to preserve the Ukrainian automotive industry is an active state protectionism of the development of the automotive industry as a strategically important sector of the national economy.

Cross Cultural Logistics and Supply Chain Management Towards Organizational Effectiveness within the Asean/Thai Automotive Industries: A Sem Analysis

Abstract As a manufacturing, logistics and supply chain hub within ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations), Thailand holds the 12th spot in global vehicle production for an estimated 2,355 Thai and multinational automotive industry enterprises. Within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Thailand ranks number one in automotive production contributing $US11.4 billion to the Thai economy and 12 percent to Thailand’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product), with the automotive industry being Thailand’s leading export sector. However, the automotive companies envisage the difficulty of cultural diversity to manage and coordinate. Therefore, cultural values from the milieu are inducted into the workplace and have a strong impact on both individual behavior and organizational effectiveness and must be direction at all levels for cross-cultural, organizational effectiveness to be achieved. It also became evident that natural disasters are frequent and highly disruptive to the global automotive supply chain and paces must be taken to countervailing the notable and continuing loss to economic growth and organizational effectiveness to both sector units and the global industry. The implementation of strategically placed, environmentally ‘habituated’, automotive parts logistics cache might be one solution to the problem. Given the crucial importance of this sector to the economy of the region and the global supply chain, the researchers surveyed 220 managers using a 7-point Likert scale questionnaire within the multinational industrial clusters of Thailand’s ‘Detroit of Asia’ Eastern Seaboard region. Using Structural Equation Modelling to test the 11 variables on Logistics Management, Supply Chain Management and Organizational Effectiveness in a cross-cultural context, it was determined that collaboration within the supply chain and the exchange of information can reduce uncertainty, with trust being a key ingredient to a JV’s success. Communication (0.836), trust (0.834) and collaboration (0.824) were ranked as significant components of cross-cultural Supply Chain Management effectiveness. The research also confirmed that the hypothesized difficulty from cultural diversity is difficult to manage and to coordinate. Analysis also confirmed the ongoing and significant problems to the global automotive supply chain by natural disasters and the consequential economic losses.

THE ROLE OF LOGISTICS IN ENTERPRISE RESTRUCTURING IN THE AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY

Formation of a market management mechanism in the Russian economy objectively requires strengthening the role of logistics in general and in the restructuring of the automotive industry in Russia in particular. In the article the main reasons that caused such an interest in the analysis is the automotive industry. Methodology. The methodological basis of this article are comparative, economic and statistical analysis methods. The purpose of this article is to reveal the key theoretical and practical issues of the role of logistics in the restructuring of the automotive industry companies, taking into account global transformations occurring in the world economy. This has allowed to specify the main issues associated with the use of logistics in the restructuring of the automotive industry in Russia. Conclusions. The following conclusions were obtained: research in the field of restructuring of the automotive industry enterprises are considered in the most general terms as any changes to the strategic nature of the enterprise; The second approach – the authors in their definitions focus on the restructuring of its individual aspects – goals, directions and forms of restructuring.

Nástroje e-komunikace v mezipodnikové komunikaci ve společnostech operujících v automobilovém průmyslu na Slovensku

Communication tools are nowadays generally in literature considered to be the key factors, which influence the intra-enterprise systems and management processes. In different way, they also play a key role in terms of improving quality of the processes. Mainly modern, e-communication tools and their use in intra-enterprise communication show many results of improving the effectiveness of intra-enterprise corporate environment. They also create the environment in which employees are actively supported to be engaged in problems related to solving different assignments. In an open economy, such as Slovakia, the importance of e-communication tools in intra-enterprise communication is rising. However, the answer to the question of how employees really pay attention to this fact we tried to give in this contribution. We provide an analysis of results from monitoring e-communication tools in small and medium sized enterprises in automotive industry in Slovakia. The aim of the article is to point out some of the chosen (ongoing) problems in use of e-communication tools in intra-enterprise communication in the selected sample of small and middle enterprises operating in Slovakia. The aim of the article isn't complex analysis of the given topic.

Improvement of the system of indicators of strategic innovative projects of development of Russian automotive enterprises taking into account the human factor

There were analyzed the present time system of indicators of innovative projects of development of Russian automotive industry enterprises. Taking into account progressive foreign and native practice there were formulated the suggestions about its improvement taking into consideration the human factor.

Methods of implementation of CALS-technologies at the automotive industry enterprises

The paper examines the implementation of the proposed method of CALS-technologies at the automotive industry enterprises.