Problem Of Energy Consumption Research Articles

Key issues of energy consumption in Russian industrial regions

In any country of the world, the issues of the development of the energy industry today are very resonant in view of the dependence on it of all subjects of industry and ordinary households. The increasing volumes of consumption of electric and other types of energy on a global scale for production purposes justify the importance of maintaining energy sources in working condition. At the same time, the limited quantity and low rates of restoration of the corresponding natural resources as non-renewable energy sources confirm the need for qualitative modernization of the ways of their use. In addition, the issues of optimizing energy consumption and achieving a more efficient ratio of energy production and its use are of particular importance. Thus, an increase in renewable energy sources in the structure of energy consumption of industrial facilities in the regions, as well as the decentralization of the energy market will have favorable economic consequences and will have an impact on the growth of the country's economy as a whole. In the current conditions, the problems of energy consumption in the industrial sector are ambiguous and require special approaches to solving optimization problems, taking into account current trends in energy consumption, as well as the specifics of the geographical location of the region.

Performance and economic evaluation of a solar-air hybrid source energy heating system installed in cold region of China

This paper proposes a solar-air source energy storage heating system (SASES-HS), which can solve the problems of high energy consumption and difficult defrosting when the ambient temperature is low. By coupling solar energy,air energy and phase change energy, the system heats the end of the user through a two-stage heat pump. In order to analyze the feasibility of the system, the mathematical model of the system is established, and an experimental platform is built. A typical experimental condition was chosen to analyze the performance of the system in detail. The results show that the system can continuously provide high-temperature hot water of nearly 60°C for buildings in a severe cold environment of −20°C for 24 h, and the heat exchange temperature difference is as high as 80°C. In addition, the system operates with a higher coefficient of performance than a single-stage heat pump system. The COP can reach the level of 4.1 during the day and as low as 2.5 at night. The operating cost of the system only accounts for 65.8% and 88.4% of the coal-fired boiler and the air source phase change heat pump, respectively. And the CO2 emissions of this system only account for 57.5% and 88.4% of the coal-fired boiler and the air source phase change heat pump, respectively. In view of the analysis of operational performance and economic and environmental benefits, it is found that the system is worth popularizing and using in the northern cold regions.

Building Information Modeling-Embedded Building Energy Efficiency Protocol for a Sustainable Built Environment and Society

In order to accurately analyze the building energy consumption and identify the problem of building energy consumption in advance, this study carries out the energy consumption analysis based on BIM (Building Information Modeling). The research object is a four-story college student dormitory in Beijing, and this set of BIM-based energy consumption simulation data was obtained using standard operating procedures (SOP). This operating procedure can start energy consumption analysis in the conceptual design stage, and developers can participate in real-time through the use of a three-dimensional information model, without additional design required. Then, comparing this study with the traditional energy consumption analysis, we see that the SOP of this research result has the following advantages: SOP function analysis is more professional, and the visual display method is more popular and intuitive; due to the flexible file format of the SOP, when data exchange is required between different software, the SOP can realize more convenient operation, and users can identify problems in the early stage of design through the SOP, correcting the scheme according to the simulation results, which is conducive to the development of the construction process. Finally, this study puts forward the analysis and estimation of energy consumption in different stages of the building life cycle, so as to provide researchers with ideas for improvement.

Panel data analysis of energy conservation and emission reduction on high-quality development of logistics industry in Yangtze River Delta of China.

With the implementation of Chinese carbon neutrality policy, the Yangtze River Delta calls for great concern. As a benchmark for the development of Chinese logistics industry, it accompanies energy consumption and environmental problems. This study explores how Chinese logistics industry can achieve energy conservation and emission reduction and high-quality development in the context of carbon neutrality. It analyzes the relationship between the logistics industry and economy, energy, as well as environment in Yangtze River Delta. The data is based on China Statistical Yearbook from 2001 to 2019, by means of the entropy method and panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) model. The main findings are summarized as follows: firstly, the economy, industrial structure, energy, and environment have significant impact on the development of logistics industry in Yangtze River Delta. Secondly, the development of logistics industry in Yangtze River Delta is not balanced. The provinces including Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Anhui have great differences in economy, industrial structure, demographic dividend, energy consumption, and environmental protection, but they show the possibility of complementary advantages. Thirdly, the economic development and energy consumption have bidirectional effects. Environmental protection is relevant to economic development, industrial structure, energy consumption and logistics supply. Finally, some suggestions are provided on how to realize the high-quality development of logistics industry in Yangtze River Delta. In the context of carbon neutrality, it is necessary to consider energy conservation and emission reduction.

Boosting hydrogen peroxide accumulation by a novel air-breathing gas diffusion electrode in electro-Fenton system

Electro-Fenton (EF) is a promising electrochemical technology in degrading recalcitrant organic pollutants. However, the technology faces problems of high energy consumption, low cathodic oxygen transfer rate and low H2O2 production efficiency. Therefore, a novel air-breathing gas diffusion electrode (GDE) with multiform hydrophobic layers was prepared by a facile method. The novel GDE allows the air to diffuse to the triphase interface spontaneously, eliminating the cost of aeration. Also, the multiform hydrophobic layers can greatly improve the oxygen transfer rate and expand the triphase interfaces in the GDE, resulting in a high H2O2 accumulation of 44.30 mg L−1 cm−2 h−1 without aeration, which was 18 times higher than that of the virgin cathode. A 100% degradation efficiency of sulfadiazine (SDZ) was achieved with the fabricated GDE in 10 min in EF system. Moreover, theoretical calculations were performed for accurately elucidating the SDZ degradation mechanism and pathway.

Nanogenerator-Based Wireless Intelligent Motion Correction System for Storing Mechanical Energy of Human Motion

As it is urgently needed to address the energy consumption and health care problems caused by population growth, the field of sustainable energy collection and storage equipment as well as intelligent health care for monitoring human motion behavior has received wide attention and achieved rapid development. However, the portable intelligent systems that integrate them have not been widely discussed. In this work, we propose a design of a nanogenerator-based wireless intelligent motion correction system, combining triboelectric nanogenerator technology with wireless intelligent host computer signal processing and visualization systems. Under the condition of no external power supply, a noninvasive triboelectric nanogenerator (FL-TENG) sensor integrated system stores the mechanical energy due to human movement behavior and drives wireless micro-electronic devices to realize the human–computer interaction application of the intelligent system. In the conducted test, the reported instantaneous output of an ordinary clap action was around 241V. For a variety of physical exercise types being monitored, it can accurately determine human movement behavior and perform error correction and scoring for movement techniques. Additionally, using hydrogel as an electrode improves the service life and stability of the device. Therefore, this flexible and convenient design concept is beneficial to the development and utilization of sustainable energy and sports activities. In addition, it extends the application prospects of FL-TENG in self-powered sensing systems.

Prediction-Based Region Tracking Control Scheme for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

This paper addresses the region tracking control problem for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) and proposes a prediction-based region tracking control (PRTC) scheme for AUV. In the PRTC scheme, the idea of prediction is adopted to solve the problems of overshoot and high energy consumption due to the lack of consideration of the large inertia of the AUV in the traditional scheme. The PRTC scheme predicts the future position of AUV through the past time-series position of AUV and the outer boundary of the desired region, and then designs the controller depending on the predicted results. Furthermore, the relationship between the desired region and the control output of the proposed PRTC scheme is studied. It is found that its control output amplitude is susceptible to the desired region range, resulting in output saturation. Therefore, this paper proposes a control law optimization scheme considering the desired region. This optimization scheme modifies the error signal in the control law of the PRTC scheme so that it is only related to the relative position of the desired region where the AUV is located. Finally, the proposed schemes are applied on the ODIN AUV, and the simulation results verify the feasibility of the proposed schemes.

Review on energy-saving key technologies of underwater bionic robot swarm

Underwater Bionic Robot swarm has the advantages of high redundancy, flexible mobility and wide range of task execution, which can be applied to underwater environment monitoring, underwater target monitoring, resource exploration and other fields. For a long time, the problem of energy consumption is the focus on the application of Underwater Bionic Robot swarm engineering. This article draws on the sports advantages of biological clusters, from the perspective of hydrodynamic analysis, summarizes the domestic and foreign research status of key energy-saving technologies of underwater bionic robot clusters. The main content includes a summary on the development status of the three key technologies of biological cluster movement energy saving mechanism, underwater bionic robot vortex field information perception and cluster cooperative control, and analysis and summary of the development trend of key energy-saving technologies of underwater bionic robot cluster.

Feature Extraction From Images Using Integrated Photonic Convolutional Kernel

Optical neural networks are expected to solve the problems of computational efficiency and energy consumption in neural networks. Herein, we experimentally implemented a 2 × 2 photonic convolutional kernel (PCK) using four on-chip micro-ring resonators (MRRs) and demonstrated feature extraction for images with different convolutional kernels. We trained a simple convolutional neural network model to recognize the MNIST dataset and used our PCK devices for processing in the first convolutional layer, achieving a recognition rate of 91%, which further verified the feasibility of MRRs for convolution operations. In addition to the source, all silicon photonic devices used can be monolithically integrated and feature good scalability, which is important for realizing large-scale, low-cost optical neural networks.

Theoretical Study of HFO1336mzz(Z)/HFO1224yd(Z) Refrigeran t Mixtures for High-temperature Heat Pump

Background: The global energy consumption problem is becoming more serious, therefore, it is a hot trend to improve energy efficiency and choose environmentally friendly alternative working fluids. Objective: The main thermophysical parameters of the refrigerant mixture, which blended HCFO 1224yd(Z) and HFO1336mzz(Z) in the high-temperature heat pump cycle, were theoretically studied to replace HFC245fa. The theoretical cycle model of refrigerant mixtures of high-temperature heat pumps was established. Methods: In this paper, a theoretical cycle model of the mixed refrigerant high-temperature heat pump is established, and the cycle performance of the mixed refrigerant in the high-temperature heat pump system under different working conditions is compared. Results: It was found that HFO1336mzz(Z) could reduce the exhaust temperature of the compressor and increase the heat pump coefficient COPh, and HCFO1224yd(Z) could improve the problem of excessive suction specific volume in high-temperature heat pump systems. Conclusion: The result shows that the refrigerant mixture with 0.6/0.4 HCFO1224yd(Z)/HFO1336 mzz(Z) has the best cycle performance when the condensing temperature is 150 °C, and the cycle temperature rise ranges from 50 to 70°C.When the cycle temperature rise is 70°C, and the condensing temperature ranges from 110 °C to 150°C, the coefficient of performance value of the refrigerant mixture with 0.2/0.8 HCFO1224yd(Z)/HFO1336mzz(Z) reaches the maximum of 3.11.

Residential Energy-Saving Lighting Based on Bioinspired Algorithms

Traditional residential lighting systems have the problem of high energy consumption. Based on artificial neural network (ANN), combined with particle swarm optimization algorithm, and genetic algorithm to optimize the initial weights and thresholds, an improved ANN prediction model for residential energy-saving lighting is proposed, and an actual residential lighting project is taken as an example to verify it. The results show that the proposed method can quickly predict the number of residential lighting lamps under the premise of meeting the standard illumination of residential lighting. The prediction accuracy can reach 98.45%, which has the characteristics of high prediction accuracy and small error. Compared with the ANN model and ANFIS model, the average relative error of the proposed prediction model is reduced by 2.29% and 0.87%, respectively, which has certain effectiveness and superiority. It provides a new idea for residential energy-saving lighting.

Attribute Reduction Algorithm on Concept Lattice and Application in Smart City Energy Consumption Analysis

With the economic development in recent years, smart cities have also risen. Smart city is based on the next generation of innovation in the knowledge society, and the use of new generation information technology in all areas of the city is conducive to the improvement of the quality of urbanization and the quality of citizens’ lives. This article aims to study the significance of the reduction algorithm in the energy consumption analysis of smart cities. This article puts forward the problem of how to solve the problem of huge energy consumption in smart cities. In smart cities, the related objects that generate energy consumption mainly include industry, agriculture, and transportation construction. People’s lives are ubiquitous in the generation of energy consumption. This paper analyzes the energy consumption of smart cities through the reduction algorithm and puts forward a plan on how to reduce the energy consumption of smart cities, which is meaningful for the rational use of resources and reducing the cost of smart cities.

An AODV Routing Algorithm Based on Energy Consumption

The mobile Ad Hoc network solves the problem of quickly establishing a temporary Ad Hoc network without the need for fixed facilities. However, problems such as network performance degradation, delay increase, and link interruption are endless. Aiming at the problem of shortening the survival time of Ad Hoc network nodes, this paper proposes an improved AODV routing algorithm RE-AODV based on energy consumption. RE-AODV takes energy as the starting point, determines the time extension according to the remaining energy of the current node, balances the energy consumption of each node, and extends the net-work lifetime. The network simulator NS-3 is used to realize the effectiveness of the RE-AODV routing algorithm. The simulation results show that the RE-AODV routing optimization algorithm can effectively extend the network survival time, reduce the number of dead nodes, and effectively solve the wireless Ad Hoc network compared with the AODV routing protocol. The problem of energy consumption can improve the overall performance of the network.

Design and test of a laser lighting device for plant growth.

Aiming at the problems of high energy consumption, complex wiring, high layout cost, limited use environment, and limited function of conventional plant lighting equipment such as fluorescent lamps, sodium lamps, etc., this paper develops a type of laser device for plant growth with nanometer lasers based on the design of an intelligent control system of an immune algorithm, constant current driving circuit of the laser, pulse power supply, and rotatable intelligent platform to make the device more stable, reliable, practical, and energy efficient, and provides a useful reference for the innovation and application of materials, processes, and methods of plant lighting. The effects of nanometer laser light supplementation on the growth of purple lettuce, romaine lettuce, Chinese cabbage, and you-mai vegetable have been studied with the vegetables mentioned above as experimental materials and with natural light as the control sample. The results show that the nanometer laser device significantly increases stem height, stem thickness, leaf area, leaf number, and chlorophyll content, effectively promotes plant growth, and achieves efficient cultivation. In the future, studies of the effects of laser treatment on plant physiology and biochemistry will be sped up to explore the molecular biological mechanism of lasers to promote application and technological innovation of lasers in lighting for plant growth and the laser device in productivity.

Design of Virtual Machine Scheduling Algorithm in Cloud Computing Environment

With the application of cloud computing services in more and more fields, it will undertake more computing tasks and storage tasks. The problem of high energy consumption in data centers will become more serious. Virtualization technology is very important in cloud computing, which can improve the utilization rate of resources. At the same time, it has flexibility in resource scheduling and can integrate multiple virtual machines to achieve power efficiency. Using online virtual machine migration technology for energy-saving planning in cloud environment is a hot research topic in academic circles. The scheduling strategy proposed in this paper can reduce the server downtime and the number of server hosts, so as to achieve the maximum use of resources. The main research work of this paper includes the following aspects: Firstly, the energy consumption in the process of virtual machine energy-saving design is modeled, and the relationship between energy consumption and resource usage under different load conditions is analyzed, and the problems are abstracted, e.g., packaging box problem. Secondly, this paper uses genetic algorithm to solve the problem of high energy consumption. Finally, based on the target allocation scheme of virtual machines obtained by the above method, the migration problem of virtual machines is abstracted as the problem of finding the maximum weighted independent set of graphs. And a greedy algorithm is designed to solve this problem. In this paper, CloudSim simulation platform is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can reduce data energy consumption and avoid frequent migration of virtual machines.

Simulation and Operational Optimization of RO Based Desalination for Coal-Fired Power Plants' Wastewater.

Focusing on the problems of opaqueness and high energy consumption in coal-fired power plant wastewater recycling processes, this paper studies the simulation and operational optimization of coal-fired power plant wastewater treatment by taking a coal-fired power plant system in Inner Mongolia as an example. Firstly, based on the solution–diffusion theory, pressure drop, and osmotic concentration polarization, a mechanistic model equation for coal-fired power plant wastewater treatment is developed. Secondly, the equation fitness and equation parameters are calibrated to obtain an accurate model. Thirdly, the system is simulated and analyzed so as to obtain the influence and change trajectories of different feed flowrates, temperatures, pressures, and concentrations on various aspects of the system’s performance, such as water recovery rate, salt rejection rate, and so on. Finally, in order to reduce the operating cost of the system, an optimization analysis is carried out, with the lowest specific energy consumption and average daily operating cost as optimization goals, and the performance changes of the system before and after optimization under three different working conditions are compared. The results show that adopting the given optimal strategy can significantly reduce the system’s operational cost. This research is helpful for the digitization and low-carbon operation of coal-fired power plant wastewater treatment systems.

Method for Manufacturing Corn Straw Cement-Based Composite and Its Physical Properties.

This paper introduces an innovative method for making cement-based composites from corn straw plants, and investigates the strength, thermal conductivity, and hydration characteristics of the composites. Corn straw is a natural, renewable, and breathable thermal insulation composite that contains cellular sealed pores. Corn straw contains a large amount of soluble cellulosic sugar, which hinders the hydration reaction of Portland cement and affects the use of corn straw as a building material. In this study, a 3 wt.% siliceous solution was used for surface treatment of corn straw particles to prevent cellulosic sugar from affecting the hydration performance of Portland cement. The composition of added cement-based composite materials with treated corn straw at the dosage of 11–20 wt.% was investigated. The test results showed that the corn straw cement-based composite (CSCC) had an optimal thermal conductivity of 0.102–0.112 (W/(m·K)) and a minimum compressive strength of above 1 MPa. The hydration performance of four typical CSCCs was examined using XRD, SEM, and EDS. The experimental results of this study may help to increase the comprehensive utilization of corn straw. The manufacturing method of the composite materials is simple, effective, and convenient for popularization and application, and it provides a new important technical measure to solve the problem of high energy consumption in rural houses.

A Brief Overview of Energy Efficiency Resources in Emerging Wireless Communication Systems

It is crucial to design new communication technologies to surmount the setbacks in RF communication systems. A suitable energy-efficiency scheme helps evade needless energy consumption in wireless communication. Appropriate choice of the most suitable energy-efficiency scheme aids in selecting the most energy-efficient equipment to minimize the expense of energy towards decreasing individual network element energy consumption without affecting their unique features. This review presents the energy efficiency challenges in wireless communication by employing different technologies. The emergence of visible light communication (VLC) provides an energy-efficient wireless communication system despite the various challenges inherent in its adoption that limit its physical realization. This work seeks to harness the potential of the transmission capabilities of VLC while providing an insight into novel practical implementation techniques. The work also addresses the energy consumption problem of low-active components and idle period of active components of base stations by using sleep modes for their systematic turning off and on. The high cost of power supply and the environmental emission of gases from base stations are also addressed by integrating a renewable energy resource into the conventional standalone diesel generators. Overall, the work provides an overview of information necessary for foundational research in energy-efficient resources applied to emerging wireless communication systems.

A two-dimensional maintenance optimization framework balancing hazard risk and energy consumption rates

Numerous power assets, such as power cables and refrigerator, have inevitably confronted with severe energy consumption problems. An essential topic in maintenance engineering of such assets is to balance energy consumption mitigation and malfunction risk control, such that to reduce production/delivery losses. This paper established a novel proactive maintenance framework, which arranges two dimensions of control limits to control maintenance frequencies: (a) operational age and (b) consumption severity to guide repair and spare part replacement. The energy consumption process is structured by a Semi-Markov chain. The asset is preventively replaced upon a certain operational age, or when the unit time energy consumption reaches a pre-specified threshold, given that the time to scheduled age-based replacement is greater than a threshold. The maintenance optimization model is formulated, followed by an in-depth exploration of its analytical structures. The superior performance of the proposed framework over conventional maintenance policies is demonstrated by a numerical experiment on high-voltage power cables.

Experimental study on lauryl alcohol/expanded graphite composite phase change materials for thermal regulation in building

The application of phase change materials (PCMs) in buildings has received extensive attention in recent years because they can improve indoor thermal capacity and solve the problem of high energy consumption through their greater latent heat. This study proposes to place the PCM in the ceramic tiles to solve the problem of high energy consumption in buildings based on the comfortable temperature of the human body. We introduced a two-level human thermal comfort temperature evaluation index, and consider that the phase change temperature of 24 °C has the best effect on thermal comfort and the whole year energy saving and emission reduction. Then, we built a building model with ceramic tiles filled with lauryl alcohol/expanded graphite and tested its thermal performance. In this study, lauryl alcohol can increase the heat capacity of the room, and lauryl alcohol/expanded graphite can improve the thermal response speed. We also inlay insulation boards between the wall and the ceramic tiles to prevent indoor and outdoor heat exchange and reduce indoor temperature fluctuations, which helps to keep the indoor temperature within a comfortable range for the human body. Compared with the insulation building, this method can extend the time of the indoor temperature in the comfortable temperature zone by 561% during the heating process, and the time of the cooling process can be extended by 471%. This work can reduce the opening time of air-conditioning equipment, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.