Employment Issues Research Articles

Social and Economic Impact Assessment of Coal Power Phase-Down at the Provincial Level: An Entropy-Based TOPSIS Approach

With the rollout of the carbon peak and neutrality targets, conventional coal-fired power plants will gradually be phased down in China’s power system in an orderly manner. The economic and social impact of the energy transition is a vital topic that requires scientific measurements and evaluation. In this paper, we establish a comprehensive approach to assess the impact of provincial coal power phase-down with 11 indicators covering dimensions of economy, society, and industry. An entropy-based Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) approach is adopted to calculate entropy weight, relative closeness, and other evaluation benchmark data. Then, the influence degree in 30 provinces is ranked based on the assessment. The results show that there is a significant regional imbalance in the process of coal power phase-down, among which Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, and other coal base provinces are the most vulnerable regions bound by their huge raw coal production and coal industry employment. Although the coal power industry is less affected than the coal industry, it will face pressure from the optimization of coal power units, followed by the dual impact of taxation and employment issues. Finally, the potential impacts of coal power phase-down and policy implications are proposed.

A Study on the Impact of Industrial Robot Development on the Economy A Case Study of China

The impact of industrial robot development on the economy has long been a subject of keen interest. This research aims to explore the role of industrial robots in the Chinese economy and the factors influencing their impact. This is achieved through an analysis of the scale of the industrial robot market, its applications, the localization process, and its effects on employment and production efficiency. In the course of this study, we review the rapid growth of the Chinese manufacturing sector and the increasing adoption of industrial robots. With technological advancements, industrial robots have achieved significant milestones in fields such as automobile manufacturing and electronics production. Subsequently, this paper delves into the repercussions of industrial robots on the Chinese economy. Data indicates that the widespread use of industrial robots has significantly enhanced production efficiency, lowered production costs, and improved product quality. Furthermore, the paper scrutinizes the progress of domestication in the industrial robot sector, highlighting China's positive strides in enhancing its capacity for independent research and development, as well as manufacturing. Consequently, the rapid development of industrial robots has exerted a multifaceted impact on the Chinese economy, fostering both production efficiency and industrial upgrading, while also giving rise to a series of employment and societal issues. In the future, China should continue to intensify its efforts in technological innovation and talent development to better address the challenges and opportunities arising from the development of industrial robots, thereby promoting sustained and healthy economic growth.

Research on the Results of Chinese Womens Overseas Higher Education from the Perspective of Educational Equity: An Analysis of Employment Status among Returnees

Currently, Chinese women returnees receive preferential treatment in the job market due to their overseas educational background, but they also face inequalities. While there is considerable research on equity of higher education opportunities and processes, there is a lack of studies analyzing the equity of higher education results, specifically the employment situation of Chinese women returnees, from a gender perspective. This paper reveals the existing inequalities in the employment of women returnees in China, including disadvantages in domestic job hunting, inadequate utilization of professional skills in the workplace, and low level of career self-fulfillment. These issues are primarily associated with traditional gender role perceptions in China, the symbolical capital molded by enterprises, and gender stereotypes in the workplace. The paper suggests that addressing the employment issues of women returnees requires the establishment of a subsidy system by the government for employing organizations and increased regulatory efforts. Furthermore, employing organizations should objectively evaluate the overseas educational background of women returnees. Lastly, the government and enterprises can change stereotypes through correct public opinion and appropriate management. This study takes a gender perspective and focuses on women returnees as the research subjects, making positive explorations towards achieving equity in the results of higher education for women returnees and promoting their fair development in the job market.

Entrepreneur intention: bonding cognitive, bridging cognitive, entrepreneurial knowledge, subjective norms, perceived desirability, perceived feasibility, self-efficacy on student university in Surabaya

Introduction: Employment issues are still important in the development plan and the Indonesian economy. Indonesia's human resources quality is relatively low, and the unemployment rate is high. The high number of unemployed in Indonesia must continue to be studied, otherwise, the problem of poverty will increase. This study aimed to see what factors can influence entrepreneurial interest, researchers focus on bonding cognitive, and social capital, bridging cognitive social capital, entrepreneurial knowledge, subjective norms, self-efficacy, perceived desirability, and perceived feasibility of entrepreneurial intention. Methods: This quantitative research used purposive random sampling and collects data using a questionnaire distributed to 150 students in Surabaya. The research data obtained were then analyzed using Smart PLS. Results: The study results explained a positive and significant relationship between bonding cognitive social capital, bridging cognitive social capital, entrepreneurial knowledge, subjective norms, self-efficacy, perceived desirability, and feasibility of entrepreneurial intention. The outer loading of convergent validity was found >0.6 in all variables. The average variance extracted results were found >0.5 with significant hypothesis testing results (p-value≤0.05) in all variables. Conclusion: Cognitive bonding and bridging have a significant influence on subjective norms. The same influence was found in entrepreneurial knowledge on subjective norms, subjective norms on perceived desirability and feasibility, and self-efficacy on perceived feasibility.

The impact of COVID-19 on young people’s employability: the potential of sport-based interventions as non-formal education

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected young people in relation to their mental health, educational provision, and social development, impacting their employment prospects and future prosperity. In response, the United Kingdom government implemented a range of formal policy solutions to address issues around youth employability. However, studies are yet to examine how non-formal or alternative educational approaches, such as sport and physical activity interventions, can be used intentionally to enhance employability and tackle the youth employment challenges brought about by the pandemic. This article draws upon interviews with 20 organisations working within the sport and youth employability sector to provide insight into employment issues that have been created or exacerbated by COVID-19 and outlines how sport-based interventions might help to address these challenges. Findings demonstrate that the intentional use of sport and physical activity offers an attractive means to (re-)engage young people with employability programmes and support their preparedness for work, especially those furthest from an employment destination. The article also highlights how sport-based interventions can generate broader social impact, to address young people’s social and emotional difficulties, rebuild their confidence, and re-connect them with formal systems of education and training that many had become dislocated from during the pandemic.

Construction of the Evaluation System of Livelihood Indicators Based on Entropy Weight-TOPSIS

The construction of China's modernisation and the improvement of people's livelihood have become important issues for us to build a harmonious society; this paper makes a comprehensive evaluation of people's livelihood development level by constructing an entropy TOPSIS model. Firstly, combining the new features of development in the modernisation process, relevant indicators are constructed from culture and education, employment and income, health and medical care, society and security, housing and transportation. Then, after pre-processing the data of each indicator, the indicators with high correlation degree are screened out by grey correlation, and then the entropy weighting method is applied to assign weights to the criterion layer and the number of indicator layers. Based on the weights, a weighted target decision matrix is constructed to assess the level of livelihood development; finally, it is concluded that the national livelihood development index has been steadily increasing. It increased from 0.084 in 2013 to 0.085 in 2021. In the constructed evaluation system, the development weight of employment and income accounted for 16.9% of the secondary indicators, and the country needs to focus on employment and income issues.

Employment Analysis of College Graduates and Feasible Suggestions

In China, the population is constantly growing, and with it comes a large number of graduates pouring into society. However, the market cannot bear the influx of so many graduates, resulting in employment difficulties for many graduates. This research mainly analyzes the social phenomenon of difficult employment for college students. This article first analyzes the reasons for the employment difficulties of contemporary university students from three factors: individual college students, social enterprises, and the government. Afterwards, in responses to the problem of difficult employment for graduates, suggestions are proposed to students to have insight, plan for themselves, and adjust students mindset. Regarding social enterprises, more tolerance and friendly suggestions should be given to college students, and it is also hoped that the government will provide more encouragement to college students. Research has found some problems, including some college students having some psychological and ideological problems, enterprises exploiting college students, and the schools lack in regulating of students' emotions. This indicates that the issue of better employment for graduates not only requires individual actions from college students, but also requires active action from all sectors of society to jointly overcome this difficulty and help graduates find better employment.

Tayari Jones’ An American Marriage (2018): A Marxist Reading

This paper focuses on examining the principles of Marxism as reflected in an active form in the novel and how it relates to the realistic experience of the African American society. It is obvious to humans that the society is stratified into groups or classes. The mainstream runs between the rich and the poor which when extended can include the weak and powerful, then the leaders and the led. This stratification has been better understood using the theory of Marxism. Marxism principally affects the physical, social, political and mental state of a man. Accordingly, there are countless literary texts that have been created to reflect the principles of Marxism as seen in the society. Among them is the novel titled “An American Marriage” that examines such tenets of Marxism such as racial segregation, gender roles, and violence. Themes of the novel as they relate to core principles of Marxism and popular literary and non-literary appraisal of the novel will be highlighted in the study. In conclusion, most analysts and critics feel that the theory of Marxism can only be applied to novels on core issues such as wars, violent conflict, riot, employment issues and any other forms of revolution.

Involvement of graduates in information and communication technologies and quality of their employment

Introduction. The urgent need to solve the employment issue for graduates of vocational educational institutions and for substantial insight into quality of employment, especially on the Russian unstable labor market, defines the aim of the study: to identify how using information and communication technologies in their work is related to the quality of graduates’ employment. The work scheme of the study includes both a complex of technological and psychological characteristics of information and communication technologies and characteristics of the quality of employment, including indicators of its instability, uncertainty and psychological well-being in the professional and work sphere. Materials and methods. The participants were 384 working young people (average age – 24 years, 49.5% male, 50.5% female); 216 had higher education, and 168 had secondary vocational education. At the time of the survey, all the participants had no more than three years of work experience after graduating. A special author's questionnaire was used which operationalized the components of the research design. Results. The study revealed that such components of employment quality as the opportunity to acquire new professional knowledge and skills and non-forced employment form an extensive set of connections with information and communication technologies. Among the aspects of these technologies, the greatest number of connections with the quality of employment is found in affective-motivational and operational components of involvement in technology (experiencing positive emotions, interest, pleasure from using them, activity and consistency in their use), absorption in technology, use of Internet search engines and platforms for video communication (Spearman's ρ in the range of 0.103–0.344, significance level from p = 0.05 to p = 0.001). Strengthening these characteristics may increase the quality of graduates’ employment and vice versa. Conclusion. The results allowed expanding ideas about the employment of Russian graduates. Indicators of employment quality were proposed; the correlating technological and psychological aspects of information and communication technologies were established, considered as components of human capital that help the graduates’ adaptation and professional development on the modern labor market.

Management and Evaluation of Vocational Training Programs at the Ponorogo Regency Vocational Training Center (VTC)

The issue of employment and a decent living is crucial. This is complicated by developing an increasingly global world with increasingly fierce competition. Training is a factor in the development of Human Resources (HR). The success of an activity program depends on the management and evaluation results of the training program. This research aims to analyze the management and evaluation of the Ponorogo Regency Vocational Training Center. This research was a descriptive study with a qualitative approach using observation, interviews, and documentation. The information is obtained first, then used sources and techniques to triangulate it before being presented for discussion. The results of this study stated that training management at the Vocational Training Center (VTC) includes: the training process at the Vocational Training Center (VTC) covers planning, organization, implementation, and evaluation. The evaluation results show that the training met all requirements and needs (antecedents phase), was effectively implemented (transaction phase), and produced good average test results for trainees (outcomes phase). This indicates the VTC's commitment to providing quality training with successful outcomes.

Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Lapangan Kerja Layak: Optimalisasi Social Media Marketing Tata Rias Desa Perajin

Having a job does not guarantee the ability to get out of the clutches of poverty. A persistent lack of decent work opportunities, inadequate investment and low consumption lead to an erosion of the fundamental social contract that forms the basis of a democratic society: Putting job creation at the center of economic policy-making and development plans, will not only generate decent work opportunities but also stronger growth, and can reduce poverty. This is a positive circle that is good for the economy and for society and encourages sustainable development. Indonesia has made a very strong commitment to achieving decent work and is playing an important role in ensuring that employment and workforce issues are included in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The importance of decent work in achieving sustainable development is highlighted by its aim to promote sustainable economic growth, productive employment opportunities and decent work for all. Social media marketing is a form of digital marketing that uses social media to market business products or services through the platforms provided by the media. Today social media is media that cannot be separated in everyday life. This is related to the cosmetology business that the author introduces in community service in Desa Perajin.

Compensation, Land Acquisition and Employment Issues Among Displaced People: A Study on Two Dam Projects in Jammu and Kashmir

This study is based on the empirical work carried out in the state of Jammu and Kashmir where the people are forcibly displaced from their ancestral homeland due to dam projects. The objective of the study is to examine the issues of compensation, land acquisition and employment among the displaced people which they faced after displacement. For conducting the research, the study was used as a sampling method particularly purposive and snowball technique with the help of semi-structure interview schedule. It has been observed that after involuntary displacement, the displaced people face lots of challenges with regards to their compensation and employment problems. The respective state government has given only monetary compensation to the displaced families according to the Land Acquisition Act, 1984.

Analysis of the Choice of Technical School Students After Graduation

Technical education is an integral part of China's vocational education. For a long time, technical schools, technician colleges and other technical colleges have cultivated many skilled talents for China. The current development of China's economy requires further transformation and upgrading. On the one hand, continuous advancement of science and technology is needed to drive the upgrading of the skills industry. This requires a large number of professional and technical talents. On the other hand, with the continuous increase in the number of employed people in society, the expansion of enrollment in colleges and universities, and the rise of higher vocational colleges. Competition for employment among graduates from various institutions is also becoming increasingly fierce. This has also made the employment issue of technical school students gradually become one of the hot issues that has attracted social attention. Technical schools are the main form of technical education. Its sustainable development depends mainly on the employment status of students. As the saying goes, "Employment is the greatest livelihood of the people." The employment issue of technical school students not only concerns the students and their families but also affects the Chinese technological and economic development and social stability. It has both theoretical and practical significance to research issues related to students' employment in technical schools, timely discover the deficiencies in student employment and propose practical and effective solutions. The employment situation of students in any education system is a significant issue related to education and society. There are few studies on career choice in the secondary vocational education system. Therefore, this article first sorts out and analyzes the research background and significance of the selected topic and relevant domestic and foreign research. A questionnaire was designed based on career development theory. The current situation of graduates' employment choices was investigated through questionnaire collection. Use correlation analysis to analyze existing problems and the reasons behind them. Analyze the factors that influence the employment choices of secondary vocational graduates. Focus on analyzing the current situation of employability of secondary vocational students. And explore ways and methods to improve the employment choices and employability of secondary vocational graduates.

Analisis Kinerja Green Supply Chain Management Pada UMKM Batik Seni Pendopo

One of the world's most famous native Indonesian cultures is batik. A good batik industry must be able to produce superior batik according to market needs with quality standards, the environment, human rights and employment issues. Batik craftsmen have weak tools, use velvet chemicals, handle water and a high amount of water, and are inefficient in handling wax and other processing agents. Batik Seni Pendopo is one of the batik businesses that practices GSCM. Dokani Svetsini needs to manage mezimuzi kineria green manufacturing at Batik Seni Pendopo so that it can continue to operate its business, maintain the surrounding environment, and implement the proposed semparikan persang mezimuzi results consistently. This research uses a qualitative case study type, using the green SCOR and AHP methods. From the results of Mezurisi Ergirden, the performance value is 77.43, which means good. Of the 13 KPIs, there are several KPIs that have unsatisfactory performance, namely energy use, waste produced by % of products produced, production costs, installation costs, waste management, efficiency, stamping, batik canting. Improvements that are important in this business are minimizing the handling of electricity, handling raw materials for candle wax and water, managing candle wax for business income, modifying the management so that the cash that goes to Milan can be milled, and where farmers design and canting so that the production process is faster.

The Elusive 30%: Analyzing the Barriers to Female Representation in the Indonesian Parliament for East Nusa Tenggara (NTT)

This study delves into the evolution of women’s involvement in global politics, with a specific focus on their journey to leadership roles, using Indonesia as a case study. The research adopts a phenomenological paradigm and employs a qualitative methodology. Despite the existence of a 30% quota for women’s representation, the progress in increasing the number of women in legislative roles has only marginally surpassed this benchmark. This slow development underscores the need to address the issue of women’s representation, considering that certain policies lack a pro-women attitude, such as the Bill on the Elimination of Sexual Violence. By drawing from previous research, personal analysis, and interviews with women representatives in the Indonesian Parliament for East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), this research seeks to comprehend the obstacles encountered by women during campaigns and the implications of these challenges for their political representation. Additionally, the study investigates why the set quotas are not being met and the impact of the increasing yet still insufficient representation of women on government policies. Preliminary findings indicate a rise in women’s political representation, but the anticipated substantial impact on pro-women policies is yet to be observed. This study highlights the significance of the role of political parties in nurturing competent women leaders. Its aim is to provide recommendations to the Indonesian Parliament and commissions, particularly those addressing women’s health and employment issues.
 Keywords: women, legislative, leadership, transformational

Multi-generational labour markets: Data-driven discovery of multi-perspective system parameters using machine learning.

The impact of aggressive capitalist approaches on social, economic and planet sustainability is significant. Economic issues such as inflation, energy costs, taxes and interest rates persist and are further exacerbated by global events such as wars, pandemics and environmental disasters. A sustained history of financial crises exposes weaknesses in modern economies. The Great Attrition, with many quitting jobs, adds to concerns. The diversity of the workforce poses new challenges. Transformative approaches are essential to safeguard societies, economies and the planet. In this work, we use big data and machine learning methods to discover multi-perspective parameters for multi-generational labour markets. The parameters for the academic perspective are discovered using 35,000 article abstracts from the Web of Science for the period 1958-2022 and for the professionals' perspective using 57,000 LinkedIn posts from 2022. We discover a total of 28 parameters and categorized them into five macro-parameters, Learning & Skills, Employment Sectors, Consumer Industries, Learning & Employment Issues and Generations-specific Issues. A complete machine learning software tool is developed for data-driven parameter discovery. A variety of quantitative and visualization methods are applied and multiple taxonomies are extracted to explore multi-generational labour markets. A knowledge structure and literature review of multi-generational labour markets using over 100 research articles is provided. It is expected that this work will enhance the theory and practice of artificial intelligence-based methods for knowledge discovery and system parameter discovery to develop autonomous capabilities and systems and promote novel approaches to labour economics and markets, leading to the development of sustainable societies and economies.

Issues of employment and income of rural residents of the Republic of Kazakhstan: the role of cooperation

One of the priority directions for the development of agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan is solving the small-scale nature of agricultural production by combining small farms into agricultural cooperatives and creating infrastructure in the system of promoting products from producer to consumer. However, the benefits of cooperative principles and potential reserves have not yet been fully realized; their role and importance in the socio-economic development of the country is underestimated. The goal is to analyze the current state of agricultural cooperatives in the republic and scientifically substantiate the mechanism of influence on the quality of life of the rural population. Methods – economic-statistical, abstract-logical, comparative analysis, systematization. Results – an analysis of the expansion of the sphere of cooperation in dynamics for 2018-2022 and state programs on development of rural settlements was carried out. Their role in regulating economic, social, demographic problems and improving the well-being of villagers is shown. The main unfavorable factors hindering the cooperation process are considered: weak degree of financial control over compliance with its requirements, the absence of collateral or its illiquidity. Conclusions – рeasant (private) farms and personal subsidiary plots play a decisive role in supplying rural residents with food. Agricultural cooperation helps improve the economic conditions of agricultural producers, promotes the efficient and rational use of industry resources, provides material and technical assistance to farmers, manages risks, and provides an opportunity to enter international markets with an increase in export volumes. However, the criteria that determine the incentives for participation in the cooperative movement from the position of its potential participants, which include the population of rural areas as subjects of the regional labor market, have not been sufficiently studied: these are, first of all, the level and sources of income, the availability of livestock, and family composition. The tasks of the active state policy aimed at strengthening agriculture and the processing industry are not feasible without new integration formations.

Political Skills and Perceived Employability: Exploring the Mediating Role of Career Self-efficacy

This research study aims to explore the impact of political skills on perceived employability, focusing on the mediating effect of career self-efficacy among faculty of higher education institutes in Pakistan. By examining the employability issues faced by faculty in Pakistan’s higher education institutes, this study shed light on the challenges and opportunities for professional development in this domain. The survey was conducted using an administered questionnaire. A sample of N= 340 was selected through convenience sampling technique, ensuring representation from various higher education institutes of Pakistan. Data was collected from respondents through online Google forms. The questionnaires determine three variables: perceived employability, career self-efficacy, and political skills. The results indicated that career self-efficacy has a mediating role between political skills and perceived employability. Regression analysis also confirmed that political skills are positively correlated with perceived employability. Faculty members in higher education institutions should prioritize Self-managed career behaviors, such as developing career goals and implementing career tactics, as a means of enhancing their employability. In addition, management should launch formal and informal training programs for employees to strengthen feeling of success and career development. Providing employees with sufficient support and resources can help them improve their career self-efficacy and ensure their future employability.

서예진흥법 내실화를 위한 서예교육 전문인력 양성 방안 제언

This article suggested ways to train and promote calligraphy education professionals to internalize the basic plan for calligraphy promotion.
 First of all, the current status and necessity of training professionals, and the opinions of related institutions and individuals were comprehensively confirmed. Currently, the training of professionals in the field of calligraphy is centered on universities (graduate schools), and only one university is currently in existence, and since graduate schools assist in the role of universities, it has been confirmed that the size of training and production of calligraphy education professionals is gradually decreasing. On the other hand, most institutions and individuals are aware of the importance of fostering calligraphy education professionals, and suggested the establishment of training institutions, standard curriculum and textbook development, treatment and employment issues after completion of training.
 Next, professional manpower training and promotion measures were classified into three categories and suggested. First of all, the designation and operation of a calligraphy professional training institution were presented. The institution designation suggested cooperation and cooperation among professional educational entities, the use of local educational institutions, consultation with local governments, and operation of designated educational institutions according to the standard curriculum for training professionals.
 Second, the introduction of a qualification system for professionals in calligraphy education was suggested. Through this, the status of calligraphy education and the promotion of quality of employment, and the linkage with measures to revitalize cultural infrastructure and tourism development were described. In addition, it suggested improving operational elasticity by linking related tasks and curricula such as planning calligraphy education, establishing educational operation plans, conducting field classes, operation, and administrative tasks, establishing an organic cooperative system.
 Finally, the formation of a calligraphy promotion network and the establishment of a foundation were presented. Specifically, it was suggested to establish a comprehensive calligraphy promotion management system for long-term stabilization of calligraphy promotion policies, and to clarify and unify policies through expert forums.

Future Employability of Information Management Professionals in Malaysia

This paper discusses the employability issues of Information Management Professionals in Malaysia. This issue may arise due to a potential lack of recognition among the Ministries in Malaysia regarding the significant importance of this profession as one of the world's leading professions. This issue should be solved attentively to ensure that the image of the profession is uplifted. Qualitative methodology was used in this research. The solution to this issue can be found through the round table discussion among the stakeholders and marketing programs. All related skills in the information management position must be highlighted and vacancies should be advertised based on qualifications.