Borohydride Electrooxidation Research Articles

Exploring the efficiency of borohydride electro-oxidation performance for borohydride fuel cell application using carbon-supported silver-nickel (Ag-Ni/C) nanospheres: emphasizing catalyst loading (wt%) on the carbon support and sample loading on electrode surface

Exploring the efficiency of borohydride electro-oxidation performance for borohydride fuel cell application using carbon-supported silver-nickel (Ag-Ni/C) nanospheres: emphasizing catalyst loading (wt%) on the carbon support and sample loading on electrode surface

Electrocatalytic performance of Shape-Controlled synthesized PdNi-rGO nano Cube on sodium borohydride and methanol electrooxidation

In recent years, increasing climate change, environmental pollution and water problems have increased the need for sustainable and environmentally friendly solutions in energy production. In this context, renewable energy sources, especially fuel cells, have become an important focus. In this study, the synthesis and characterization of the shape-controlled synthesized PdNi-rGO Cube electrocatalyst was carried out. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray (SEM-EDX), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) characterization experiments were performed to examine the shape of the particles. TEM analysis revealed the formation of nanostructures with a size of 19.18 nm in the cubic structure of the PdNi-rGO. Furthermore, cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements evaluated the usability of this electrocatalyst in the electrooxidation of sodium borohydride (NaBH4), and methanol (CH3OH). In this context, the anodic peak current density values were 77.34 mA/cm2 and 13.47 mA/cm2, for electrooxidation of sodium borohydride (NaBH4), and methanol (CH3OH), respectively. This study demonstrates that PdNi-rGO cube contains shape-controlled nanostructure, and these structures can play an important role in future renewable energy sources. It can also be considered an important step forward in the development of nanomaterial-based electrocatalysts capable of efficient energy conversion.

Methanolysis and electrooxidation of sodium borohydride on CNT supported Pd and Au bimetallic catalysts

In this study, carbon nanotube (CNT) supported bimetallic PdAu catalysts are synthesized by sodium borohydride reduction method at different atomic molar ratios. X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analytical techniques have been applied for characterization of the synthesized catalysts. Sodium borohydride electrooxidation activities of PdAu/CNT catalysts and hydrogen generation performances by sodium borohydride methanolysis are researched. The electrocatalytic activities of the catalysts are assigned by electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). PdAu(50:50)/CNT catalyst exhibits the highest catalytic activity as 39.624 mA/cm2 with long-term stability and low resistance. The initial hydrogen generation rate of PdAu(50:50)/CNT catalyst is obtained as 61840.0 mL/min.gcat under optimum conditions. As a result, PdAu(50:50)/CNT catalyst is promising both as an anode electrode material and as a catalyst for sodium borohydride methanolysis.

Investigation of electrooxidation and methanolysis of sodium borohydride on activated carbon supported Co catalysts from poplar sawdust

At present, the chemical activation method is used to prepare activated carbon from poplar sawdust. Co/activated carbon (Co/AC) is synthesized by the sodium borohydride (SBH, NaBH4) reduction method. The catalysts are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy-X-ray energy dispersion (SEM-EDX) analytical techniques. The catalytic activity, stability, and resistance of the Co/AC catalysts are determined by electrochemical analyses such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), respectively. The 1 % Co/AC catalyst exhibits the highest catalytic activity at a specific activity of 3.964 mA/cm2 compared to other catalysts. Furthermore, it has shown long-term stability and low resistance. The effect of the catalyst, sodium borohydride and methanol amounts, and temperature parameters on the initial hydrogen generation rate are determined. The initial hydrogen generation rate of the 1 % Co/AC catalyst is obtained as 26053.2 mL/min.gcat at optimum parameters such as 0.025 g catalyst, 0.15 g NaBH4, 6 mL methanol, and 60 °C temperature. As a result, 1 % Co/AC catalyst is promising both as an anode electrode material and catalyst for sodium borohydride methanolysis.

Rational design of a low-cost, simple technology and high-performance CoNi/Co3O4 as a catalyst in sodium borohydride electro-oxidation reaction

We present a simple self-supporting catalyst containing CoNi nanosheets grown on Co3O4 electrodes. In the DBHPFC test, it has a maximum power density of 108.5 mW cm−2, an open circuit potential of 1.8 V, and good operating stability.

Phosphorus-doped cobalt oxide constructs high and low valence Cobalt: Efficient synergistic catalytic electrooxidation of sodium borohydride

Low-cost, high-performance electrode materials for mitigating hydrogen release are urgently needed for anodes of direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFC). Herein, CoP-CoOx with both high (Co2+/3+) and low (Coδ+) valence cobalt is successfully constructed by regulating the Co valence state by P and O and achieves efficient catalysis of NaBH4 electrooxidation. Coδ+ has an extremely strong ability to break B-H bonds, and Co2+/3+ is near the grain boundaries to provide strong adsorption of electronegative reactants and uneven stress on B-H bonds. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of high and low valence cobalt, and the unique inner hole structure of material induced by the phosphorylation process, the direct sodium borohydride-hydrogen peroxide fuel cells (DBHPFC) assembled with CoP-CoOx as anodes can reach a maximum power density of 280 mW cm−2 at room temperature. Meanwhile, high phosphorus doping is effective in improving fuel utilization. This work provides a cost-effective, highly-active anode engineering strategy for DBFC and attracts attention to the valence state of cobalt-based materials in the field of catalytic NaBH4 electrooxidation.

A novel hazelnutt bagasse based activated carbon as sodium borohydride methanolysis and electrooxidation catalyst

In this study, activated carbon is produced from defatted hazelnut bagasse at different activation conditions. The catalytic activities of activated carbons are evaluated for NaBH4 methanolysis and electrooxidation. These materials are characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, FTIR, SEM-EDS and XPS and results show that these materials are prepared successfully. N2 adsorption-desorption results reveal that activated carbon (FH3-500) has the highest BET surface area as 548 m2/g, total pore volume as 0.367 cm3/g and micropore volume as 0.205 cm3/g. On the orher hand, as a result of hydrogen production studies, FH3-500 activated carbon catalyst has the highest initial hydrogen production rate compared to other materials. At 50 °C, this metal-free activated carbon catalyst has a high initial hydrogen production rate of 13591.20 mL/min.gcat, which is higher than literature values. Sodium borohydride electrooxidation measurements reveal that FH2-500 also has the highest electrocatalytic activity and stability. Hazelnut pulp-based activated carbons are firstly used as a metal-free catalyst in the methanolysis and electrooxidation of sodium borohydride, and its catalytic activity is good as a metal-free catalyst. The results show that the hazelnut pulp-based activated carbon catalyst is promising as a metal-free catalyst for the methanolysis and electrooxidation of sodium borohydride.

ZIF-drived N-doped carbon supported Co, Ni-codoped Au nanoparticle catalyst as efficient anode catalyst for borohydride electrooxidation reaction

ZIF-drived N-doped carbon supported Co, Ni-codoped Au nanoparticle catalyst as efficient anode catalyst for borohydride electrooxidation reaction

Lattice strain controlled Ni@NiCu efficient anode catalysts for direct borohydride fuel cells.

We successfully fabricated a novel tensile lattice strained Ni@NiCu catalyst with a popcorn-like morphology, which is composed of a crystalline Ni core and a NiCu alloy shell. It exhibits outstanding catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability towards borohydride electrooxidation. Moreover, a direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) with a Ni@NiCu anode can deliver a power density of 433 mW cm-2 and an open circuit voltage of 1.94 V, much better than the performances of DBFCs employing other anode catalysts reported in the literature. This could be attributed to the fact that the tensile lattice strain generated by the introduction of Cu leads to a rise in the d-band center of the Ni metal and promotes the final B-H decoupling, which is the rate-determining step in the borohydride oxidation reaction, thus improving remarkably the catalytic performances of Ni@NiCu.

Performance improvement strategies of a cobalt-based electrode for the electrooxidation of sodium borohydride

The NaBH4 electrooxidation performance of Co is improved by adjusting the component and structure of the electrode material, and a novel device (CRB) is applied for the reaction.

Au-Pt bimetallic nanoparticles anchored on conducting polymer: An effective electrocatalyst for direct electrooxidation of sodium borohydride in alkaline solution

This work proposes Au-Pt nanoparticles decorated poly(p-aminophenol) (PAP) film on a glassy carbon electrode for direct electrochemical oxidation of sodium borohydride. The Au-Pt bimetallic surfaces were prepared with two electrodeposition procedures which are the simultaneous electro-deposition (1-Au-Pt/PAP/GCE) and the successive electro-deposition (2-Au-Pt/PAP/GCE) procedures. The catalysts were used for the investigation of borohydride electrochemical oxidation and compared catalytic activities by CV, RDEs and chronoamperometric techniques. AFM, SEM, XPS, XRD and CV were used to identify of the structural and morphological properties of the developed modified surfaces. The results of electrochemical measurements indicated that simultaneous electro-deposition of Au-Pt to the polymer structure significantly shifted negative oxidation potential and increases the current density of borohydride electrochemical oxidation.The exchange electron number of 1-Au-Pt/PAP/GC and 2-Au-Pt/PAP/GC electrodes were calculated as 7.8 and 6.7, respectively. This approves the strong tendency of the 1-Au-Pt/PAP catalyst toward effective direct electrochemical oxidation of NaBH4 in an alkaline medium.

PdCu nanoparticles modified free-standing reduced graphene oxide framework as a highly efficient catalyst for direct borohydride-hydrogen peroxide fuel cell

A novel electrode of PdCu nanoparticles modified free-standing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) framework (PdCu@rGOF) is fabricated via electrodeposition and chemical reduction and employed to the direct sodium borohydride-hydrogen peroxide fuel cell (DBHPFC). The resultant catalyst reveals excellent catalytic performance towards hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) electroreduction reaction (HPRR) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) electrooxidation reaction (BOR) along with low activation energy (Ea). Numerically, the PdCu@rGOF electrode delivers an HPRR current density of 455.2 mA cm−2 at 0 V (2 mol L−1 H2SO4+1.3 mol L−1 H2O2). Additionally, the current density of BOR reaches up to 1065.3 mA cm−2 at 0 V for 2 mol L−1 NaOH and 0.3 mol L−1 NaBH4. Meanwhile, the mechanism studies show that HPRR and BOR catalyzed by PdCu@rGOF mainly relates 2-electron-transfer process and quasi-8-electron-transfer process, respectively. Subsequently, PdCu@rGOF is assembled into a fuel cell, yielding the optimal power density of 188.9 mW cm−2. The open circuit potential (OCP) of DBHPFC is about 1.70 V at 293.15 K. The superior electrochemical performance of the optimized electrode can be attributed to the distinctive architecture and the strong adsorption and bond-breaking ability of Pd nanoparticles. This work indicates that the as-prepared PdCu@rGOF can be a promising catalyst for DBHPFC.

3D Structured Pt(Cu-Ni)/Ti Catalysts for the Oxidation of Sodium Borohydride

Currently, one of the renewable energy sources is fuel cells, namely chemical energy is directly converted into electricity. Designing new or enhancing the existing fuel cells, much attention is devoted to the search of new effective catalysts, which would allow increasing the effectiveness of fuel cells and creating the background for designing new technologies for catalysts formation.The aim of the work is to form efficient and inexpensive nanostructured catalysts by electroplating 3D structure metal copper-nickel (Cu-Ni) foams on titanium (Ti) surface and decorating them with low amounts of platinum nanoparticles (PtNP) for the electrooxidation of sodium borohydride (NaBH4). The Cu-Ni foam was prepared by electrochemical deposition (I deposition=1.5 Acm-2, t deposition= 3,6 and 9 min) on Ti surface. The electrolyte contained 0.5 M Ni2+ ions, and the concentrations of Cu2+ ions ranged from 0.01 to 0.02 M.PtNP particles were deposited on Cu-Ni foam (noted (Pt(Cu-Ni)/Ti)) by immersion of Cu-Ni foam into 1 mM H2PtCl6 solution at 25 °C for 1 minute. The morphology and composition of the prepared catalysts were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The electrocatalytic activity of the 3D catalysts was evaluated towards the oxidation of borohydride by cyclic voltammetry method in 0.05 M NaBH4 solution in an alkaline media in the potential range from -1.2 to 0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and with an electrode potential scan rate of 10 mVs-1.The study showed that the prepared 3D Cu-Ni foam and Pt(Cu-Ni)/Ti have good electrochemical stability in alkaline NaBH4 solution. It was also observed that immersion of Cu-Ni foam in a platinum-containing solution for 1 min increased the electrocatalytic activity of the prepared Pt(Cu-Ni)/Ti catalysts for NaBH4 oxidation compared to Cu-Ni foam. Acknowledgment This project has received funding from European Social Fund (project No 09.3.3-LMT-K-712-19-0138) under a grant agreement with the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT).

Nickel as a Promising Electrocatalytic Material for Electrooxidation of Hydrogen and Borohydride: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges

Nickel as a Promising Electrocatalytic Material for Electrooxidation of Hydrogen and Borohydride: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges

Au-Pt Bimetallic Nanoparticles Anchored on Conducting Polymer: An Effective Electrocatalyst for Direct Electrooxidation of Sodium Borohydride in Alkaline Solution

Au-Pt Bimetallic Nanoparticles Anchored on Conducting Polymer: An Effective Electrocatalyst for Direct Electrooxidation of Sodium Borohydride in Alkaline Solution

The characterization and sodium borohydride electrooxidation of novel carbon nanotube supported copromoted Pd as anode catalyst for fuel cell

AbstractIn the present study, the effect of Co addition on Pd is investigated. Pd/CNT and PdCo/CNT catalysts are prepared via the sodium borohydride (SBH, NaBH4) reduction method. The X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, and inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry analyses are performed to characterize the PdCo(70‐30)/CNT catalyst. These characterization results reveal that Pd/CNT and PdCo/CNT catalysts are prepared successfully. NaBH4 electrooxidation activities of PdCo/CNT catalysts are examined with electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. PdCo(70‐30)/CNT catalyst has 11.52 mA/cm2 specific activity, 477.18 m2/g electrochemical active surface area, and the best electrochemical stability. Pd is a promising catalyst for NaBH4 electrooxidation reaction.

Highly Active RuPd Bimetallic Catalysts for Sodium Borohydride Electrooxidation and Hydrolysis

Highly Active RuPd Bimetallic Catalysts for Sodium Borohydride Electrooxidation and Hydrolysis

Triethanolamine as an efficient electrolyte additive for borohydride electrooxidation on Ni based catalyst

As a non-noble metal, nickel (Ni) is considered as an ideal alternative of noble metal catalysts for borohydride electrooxidation in the direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC). In this work, triethanolamine (TEA) was employed as additive in electrolyte to improve the performance of Ni based catalyst for borohydride electrooxidation. The cyclic voltammetry measurement showed that the peak current density of oxidation peak for borohydride electrooxidation after 10 cycles remained 59% of that of the first cycle when 0.108 mol·L-1 TEA was added. As a contrast, the oxidation peak of the tenth cycle decreased by 99.3% when TEA was absent. The electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) showed that TEA could significantly decrease the charge transfer resistance for borohydride electrooxidation on the Ni electrode. Chronoamperometry (CA) result indicated the anodic current could be also enhanced by adding TEA. More importantly, we believe TEA can also be employed in various kinds of Ni based catalysts for borohydride electrooxidation.

Preparation and characterization of bimetallic Pd–Zn nanoparticles on carbon for borohydride electrooxidation

Preparation and characterization of bimetallic Pd–Zn nanoparticles on carbon for borohydride electrooxidation

Insights into the borohydride electrooxidation reaction on metallic nickel from operando FTIRS, on-line DEMS and DFT

Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells (DBFCs) are considered as promising power sources for portable and mobile applications. Their advantages are high theoretical energy density, and high theoretical cell voltage. Metallic Ni has recently emerged as a promising electrode material for DBFCs. In this work we combine electrochemical, operando Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS), and online differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) measurements with density functional theory (DFT) calculations to advance the understanding of the borohydride oxidation reaction on Ni.