Achieving strong circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) responses in chiral inorganic materials is a challenge. Our study reports a synthesis of bismuth bromide oxybate-based inorganic nanomaterials that have been modified with chiral sugar alcohols (D/L-BYE) co-doped with Er3+ and Yb3+. Chiral molecules are used as inducers to preferentially grow the materials towards specific chirality. The Er3+, Yb3+ co-doped chiral sugar alcohol modified BiOBr has stronger luminescence intensity of up-conversion and the near-infrared second region (NIR II) under the excitation of 980 nm. It has been demonstrated that the enhancement of near-infrared and visible luminescence is attributable to electromagnetic field-induced acceleration of radiative excursion and Mie scattering effects. The study proposes a novel approach to simultaneously enhance the up/down conversion luminescence of chiral inorganic nanomaterials doped with rare earth ions. Meanwhile, this material exhibits strong circularly polarized luminescence properties in the visible range, which has great application potential in chiral optics and other fields.