Electrochemical Detection Of Dopamine Research Articles

In situ growth of BiVO4–Bi2O3 p-n heterojunction nanocomposite via facile green combustion method: Efficient photocatalytic activity under visible light, photoluminescence and biosensing applications

The easiest and simplest green combustion approach was successfully used to synthesize the pn Heterojunction BiVO4/Bi2O3 nanocomposites (NCs) with efficient visible light activity. Different stoichiometric ratios of butea monosperma leaf powder were used as the green fuel. Using XRD, SEM, EDAX, FTIR, UV–visible, and PL spectroscopy, the phase and surface structure, composition, and optical properties of synthesized NCs are characterised. In comparison to other ratios, it was found that the 1:1.5 ratio of BiVO4/Bi2O3 NCs exhibits good photocatalytic performance for the degradation of rose bengal dye. The outcome demonstrated that the formation of a p-n heterojunction between p-type Bi2O3 and n-type BiVO4 is responsible for the improved photocatalytic activity. It resulted from the separation of electron and hole pairs and the improvement of the interfacial charge transfer efficiency, both of which were made possible by the heterojunction. In addition, the BVO 15 photocatalyst exhibits good stability across 4 degradation cycles. The glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with BVO NCs for the electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA). By using CV and LSV, the electrochemical behaviour of the fabricated electrode was examined. The outcomes demonstrate that BVO NCs have strong electrocatalytic activity. The limit of detection (LOD) was determined to be 33 μM. The current work is also a beneficial effort for developing new visible light photocatalysts with heterojunction architectures and biosensors.

2‐Dimensional Magnesium Oxide/Polyaniline Nanocomposite Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine and 4‐Nitrophenol

AbstractIn this study, we have developed an electrochemical sensor based on a polyaniline (PANI) integrated magnesium oxide nanosheet (MgO‐NSs) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the rapid electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA) and 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP). 2‐D MgO‐NSs were synthesized using a straightforward one‐step sugar‐blowing method, and PANI was synthesized by the oxidative polymerization of aniline. The nanocomposite (PANI‐MgO) was prepared by simple mechanical blending of MgO‐NSs with PANI. The as‐synthesized nanocomposites were characterized using several analytical techniques to determine their morphological and microstructural properties. The as‐synthesized PANI, MgO, and PANI‐MgO were further electrochemically characterized using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The fabricated PANI‐MgO/GCE showed a considerable increase in the redox peak currents of DA and 4‐NP, suggesting that PANI‐MgO/GCE substantially enhances the electrocatalytic oxidation of DA and the reduction of 4‐NP. The analytical performance of PANI‐MgO/GCE for the detection of DA and 4‐NP was investigated using Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV). The developed sensor was successfully applied for the detection of DA and 4‐NP in real samples with good recovery results.

Simultaneous electrochemical detection of dopamine and uric acid based on tri-composite of poly-pyrrole and α-Fe2O3 embedded MoS2 sheets modified electrode

Poly-pyrrole (Ppy) with α-Fe2O3 and MoS2 has served as an attractive catalyst for biosensor applications due to their versatility and structural diversity. The abnormal concentrations of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) causes serious health issues in human. Hence, rapid and sensitive method requires to monitor DA and UA levels. In this esteem, a electrochemical biosensor based on Ppy-α-Fe2O3-MoS2 composite for rapid and accurate estimation of DA and UA in physiological conditions were reported. The ternary components like Ppy, MoS2 sheets, and α-Fe2O3 attribute the heterogeneous interfacial contact which leads to enhanced catalytic behavior. The Ppy-α-Fe2O3-MoS2/GCE electrocatalyst demonstrates the linear response of DA, and UA in the concentration range of 300 nM-1 mM with a detection limit of 73 nM, and 61 nM for DA and UA, respectively (S/N = 3σ/n). The sensitivity of the sensor was found to be 1.26 μA μM−1 cm2.The proposed methodology is highly selective, sensitive and cheaper to detect the DA and UA simultaneously. This approach could be utilized to employ in the fabrication of biosensor devices for practical utility in clinical diagnostics and health care centers.

Electrochemical detection of dopamine by pineapple leaf‐derived porous carbon modified electrode

AbstractThis research established an electrochemical sensing platform for sensitive dopamine (DA) detection using a modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) made from waste pineapple leaf derived porous carbon (PLPC), which was applied to DA analysis in human blood samples with the characteristics such as simple procedure, excellent anti‐interference ability and low detection limit. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a layered and porous structure in the morphology of PLPC. PLPC's specific surface area and average pore size were determined to be 350.48 m2/g and 3.72 nm, respectively. The crystal phase and valence state were examined using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Using the best parameters, cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were applied to study the electrochemical behaviors of DA on PLPC/GCE. On PLPC/GCE a wide linear range of 0.05–500.0 μmol/L and a low detection limit of 0.0075 μmol/L for DA detection could be realized. The recoveries of DA were 97.67–102.07 % for detection of human blood sample with excellent stability, reproducibility and repeatability. Therefore the waste pineapple leaf based biomass porous carbon could be used as promising potential candidate for sensing application.

Bismarck brown-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of nitrogen-modified reduced graphene oxide for selective electrochemical detection of dopamine

Metal-free nitrogen-modified reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) samples were prepared by convenient and cost-effective hydrothermal treatment of graphene oxide using two different concentrations of Bismarck Brown, namely 20 wt.% (rGO_BB20) and 50 wt.% (rGO_BB50). The synthesized N-rGO samples served as an electroactive platform for the highly selective electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA). Structural characterization using XPS demonstrated that Bismarck Brown-assisted hydrothermal treatment of GO leads to incorporation of nitrogen functional groups into the structure of graphene-based material, as evidenced by an increase in the nitrogen content in rGO_BB20 (3.8 at.%) and rGO_BB50 (10.6 at.%). Raman spectroscopy revealed increased FWHM(G) values for both samples, indicating interrupted carbon lattices and higher defective degrees due to nitrogen incorporation. Notably, rGO_BB20 exhibited a higher concentration of quaternary nitrogen species (6.1%), a larger specific surface area (52 m2 g−1), and higher electrical conductivity compared to rGO_BB50. This led to superior electrochemical performance, with rGO_BB20 demonstrating a lower detection limit (45 nM), higher sensitivity (0.61 μA μM−1 cm−2) in a 0–15 μM linear range, and 0.39 μA μM−1 cm−2 sensitivity in a wider 15–476 μM linear detection range compared to rGO_BB50. The proposed sensor displayed exceptional selectivity, reproducibility, repeatability, and stability.

Simultaneous Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine and Uric Acid via Au@Cu-Metal Organic Framework.

The incorporation of noble metals with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are conducive to the simultaneous electrochemical detection of analytes owing to multiple accessible reaction sites. Herein, Au@Cu-metal organic framework (Au@Cu-MOF) is successfully synthesized and modified as a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE), which serves as an excellent electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The sensor shows a linear range from 10 μM to 1000 μM, with sensitivity and detection limit of 0.231 μA μM-1 cm-2 and 3.40 μM for DA, and 0.275 μA μM-1 cm-2 and 10.36 μM for UA. Au@Cu-MOF could realize the individual and simultaneous electrochemical sensing of DA and UA, with distinguishable oxidation peak potentials. Moreover, it exhibits reproducibility, repeatability, and stability. Ultimately, the sensor provides an avenue for an ultrasensitive label-free electrochemical detection of DA and UA.

Alkali-etched ultrathin NiAl-layered double hydroxides with rich vacancies for the sensitive electrochemical detection of dopamine

Defect engineering is an effective solution to improve the catalytic performance by liberating edge active sites. Herein, we report the synthesis of porous and ultrathin NiAl-layered double hydroxide nanosheets with rich defects (ELDHe) through the alkali etching followed by liquid delamination of the bulk NiAl-LDH. Etching and delamination actions introduce abundant defects and pores on the ultrathin LDH nanosheets, which can offer numerous edge sites, large specific surface area, and lots of vacancies. Consequently, the ELDHe modified glassy carbon electrode (ELDHe/GCE) realizes fast charge-transfer and mass-transfer on the electrode/electrolyte interface due to the more active centers and large surface area of ELDHe. The modified electrode presents excellent sensing performance toward dopamine. The chronoamperometric sensor achieves a large linear range of 0.05 ∼ 180 μM to dopamine with a detect limit of 6.1 nM. This sensor demonstrates good selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. The corresponding analytical method is successfully applied for the determination of dopamine in human urine samples.

Highly Sensitive Wearable Sensor Based on (001)-Orientated TiO2 for Real-Time Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine, Tyrosine, and Paracetamol.

The concentration of dopamine (DA) and tyrosine (Tyr) reflects the condition of patients with Parkinson's disease, whereas moderate paracetamol (PA) can help relieve their pain. Therefore, real-time measurements of these bioanalytes have important clinical implications for patients with Parkinson's disease. However, previous sensors suffer from either limited sensitivity or complex fabrication and integration processes. This work introduces a simple and cost-effective method to prepare high-quality, flexible titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films with highly reactive (001)-facets. The as-fabricated TiO2 film supported by a carbon cloth electrode (i.e., TiO2-CC) allows excellent electrochemical specificity and sensitivity to DA (1.390µAµM-1cm-2), Tyr (0.126µAµM-1cm-2), and PA (0.0841µAµM-1cm-2). More importantly, accurate DA concentration in varied pH conditions can be obtained by decoupling them within a single differential pulse voltammetry measurement without additional sensing units. The TiO2-CC electrochemical sensor can be integrated into a smart diaper to detect the trace amount of DA or an integrated skin-interfaced patch with microfluidic sampling and wireless transmission units for real-time detection of the sweat Try and PA concentration. The wearable sensor based on TiO2-CC prepared by facile manufacturing methods holds great potential in the daily health monitoring and care of patients with neurological disorders.

Electrochemical detection of dopamine using van der waals-interacted NiO–ZnO-functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite

Electrochemical detection of dopamine using van der waals-interacted NiO–ZnO-functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite

Sensitive sensing platform based on Co, Mo doped electrospun nanofibers for simultaneous electrochemical detection of dopamine and uric acid

Abnormal levels of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) in the human body are valuable indicators for monitoring human health, as they are associated with certain diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to develop sensitive and simultaneous analytical techniques for DA and UA in diagnosing the related diseases. Herein, the Co- and Mo- doped carbon nanofibers (Co, Mo@CNFs) electrochemical biosensor was developed successfully for the sensitive and accurate simultaneous detection of DA and UA. A straightforward electrospinning technique followed by a carbonization process was employed for the synthesis of Co, Mo@CNFs, and the encapsulation of Co and Mo within CNFs served to not only prevent nanoparticle agglomeration, thus providing more active sites, but also to facilitate rapid electron transfer. By incorporating Co and Mo into CNFs, the electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrode was greatly improved due to the beneficial conductivity and synergistic effects of transition metals. This enhancement effectively addressed issues such as the overlapping anodic peaks that occur when DA and UA are oxidized concurrently. Due to the mentioned synergistic contributions, the modified Co, Mo@CNFs electrode (Co, Mo@CNFs/GCE) achieved remarkable sensitivity for the simultaneous detection of DA and UA, while also exhibiting strong anti-interference ability. The detection limits for DA and UA were 2.35 nmol L−1 and 0.16 μmol L−1, respectively. We applied the developed Co, Mo@CNFs/GCE electrochemical biosensor to detect DA and UA in 50-fold diluted serum and urine samples. The results affirm the biosensor's reliability and precision. Moreover, the developed Co, Mo@CNFs/GCE biosensor demonstrated excellent performance in simultaneously detecting DA and UA, providing an efficient and dependable detection approach for clinical diagnosis and bioanalysis.

Development of molybdenum trioxide based modified graphite sheet electrodes for enhancing the electrochemical sensing of dopamine

Electrochemical detection of dopamine is crucial in the early stages of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease diagnosis. In this paper, we have developed modified electrodes based on molybdenum oxide (MoO3) grown on graphite sheet (GS), which was investigated for its ability to detect dopamine sensitively and selectively. The MoO3/GS electrodes were prepared by thermal evaporation of MoO3 on GS sheets followed by annealing at different temperatures (RT and annealing temperatures of 100 °C, 200 °C, 300 °C, 400 °C and 500 °C). The electrodes were analysed using XRD, Raman, FESEM and HRTEM. Compared to other electrodes, the modified MoO3/GS electrode annealed at 500 °C showed more significant charge transfer and increased selectivity and sensitivity in the electrochemical detection of dopamine. The findings showed a significant sensitivity of 85.71 μA. μM−1·cm−2 for the linear range of 1–10 nM and the lowest detection limit of 2.71 nM were achieved from the dopamine sensing. The developed electrode successfully detected dopamine in human blood serum and urine samples with respectable recovery rates.

Electroactive ferrites nanostructure driven electrochemical platform for selective detection of dopamine

This study proposes a new electrochemical platform based on electroactive vanadium ferrites (VFe2O4) for the highly selective detection of dopamine (DA). VFe2O4 were synthesized with the sol–gel auto-ignition method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), impedance analyzer, and cyclic voltammetry. The characterization study revealed that the VFe2O4 have a single-cubic structure with agglomerated structure. The VFe2O4 showed the multi-ions-based increment in the dielectric constant. The VFe2O4 sensor was fabricated by drop-casting method on a glassy carbon (VFe2O4-GCE) electrode with the addition of Nafion and applied for electrochemical detection of DA (a common neurotransmitter) in pharmaceutical preparations and biological samples. The results of electrochemical analysis of DA in the concentration range of 0.05 – 12.3 µM by using VFe2O4-GCE showed a linear response (co-efficient of determination R2 = 0.995) with the limit of detection and quantification (LOD/LOQ) as 0.0087 and 0.029 μM, respectively.

Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine in the Presence of Uric Acid at Cerium Oxide and L-Tyrosine Mixture Modified Carbon Paste Electrode: A Cyclic Voltammetry Study

In the present work, we are prepared a simple is sensitive and selective for Cerium oxide L-Tyrosine modified carbon paste electrode (CeO2 - L-TMCPE) for the simultaneous examination of Dopamine (DA) and Uric Acid (UA), by using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Carbon paste electrode was fabricated with Cerium oxide L-Tyrosine mixture as modifier for the detection of DA in the presence of UA in 0.2 M Phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.0. The CeO2 - L-TMCPE MCPE display an increase in the peak (Ip) current as related to that of BCPE. The CeO2 - L-TCPE mixture MCPE showed outstanding electro catalytic action for selective determination of DA in the presence of UA. Surface morphology of CeO2NPs was studied using XRD, SEM and EDAX, some electrochemical constraints alike effect of pH, effect of Scan rate, varied concentrations DA & UA were considered at CeO2 - L-TMCPE MCPE. The modified CeO2 - L-TCPE behaves similar selective electrochemical sensor for finding of DA and UA.

Magnetic MOF composites for the electrocatalysis and biosensing of dopamine released from living cells.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with fit ligands and metals can be integrated into electrochemical biosensors for the detection of various biomolecules. In this study, we have synthesized novel magnetic MOF composites as electrocatalysts and constructed a novel biosensor for electrochemical detection of dopamine. The composites named Fe3O4@ZIF-8@AuNPs-COOH are synthesized through layer-by-layer assembly. They exhibit excellent stability and cooperative catalytic activity. In addition, green recycling is readily achieved through magnetizing/demagnetizing the electrode. The large specific surface area and ordered porous structures of the magnetic MOFs ensure good dispersion of gold nanoparticles, while the carboxyl group efficiently shields other redox-active interfering substances. The proposed electrochemical biosensor accomplishes the sensitive detection of dopamine in human serums and living cells. This study broadens the application of MOFs in electrochemical biosensing, validates the feasibility of biosensors for in vivo analysis, and provides new insights into green sensing.

A stable pyridone-based hydrogen-bonded organic framework for electrochemical detection of dopamine

A robust hydrogen-bonded organic framework was constructed using a 2-pyridone monomer by dual hydrogen bond interactions. The HOF-modified glass carbon electrode exhibited excellent electrochemical sensing performance for dopamine detection.

Tailoring cellulose paper via electroless CuSnB deposition for selective electrochemical detection of dopamine.

A novel, biodegradable substrate based, and cost-effective flexible electrochemical sensor was developed for the highly selective and sensitive detection of one of the major neurotransmitters, dopamine, which can be utilised as a disposable electrode for point-of-care diagnostic applications. The active material CuSnB decorated over cellulose paper exhibits good sensitivities of 3.92 μA μM-1 cm-2 with a limit of detection of 0.5 nM. Moreover, the flexible sensor demonstrated superior selectivity towards co-existing metabolites such as ascorbic acid, glucose, and uric acid, in addition to stability at various mechanical deformations.

Au nanoparticle decorated reduced graphene oxide and its electroanalytical characterization for label free dopamine detection

Au nanoparticle decorated RGO as effective nanocomposite for label-free electrochemical detection of dopamine.

Nanoengineered β-MnO2/rGO nanobead-based bioconjugate interfaces for the electrochemical detection of dopamine for the potential to manage neurological diseases and depression

In this study, we successfully developed a highly effective nanobead (nb) morphology-based β-MnO2/rGO nanocomposite via low-temperature hydrothermal synthesis.

A dual-functional cuprum coordination framework for high proton conduction and electrochemical dopamine detection.

The present study selected 5, 5'-((6-(ethylamino)-1, 3, 5-triazine-2, 4-diyl) bis(azanediyl))diisophthalic acid (H4EATDIA) as ligand and an amino-functionalized cuprum-based MOF (EA-JUC-1000), successfully synthesized by microwave-assisted method, for proton conduction and dopamine sensing applications. In order to enhance the proton-conducting potential of EA-JUC-1000, the Brönsted acid (BA) encapsulated composites (BA@EA-JUC-1000) are dopped into chitosan (CS) to form a series of hybrid membranes (BA@EA-JUC-1000/CS). The impedance results display that the best proton conductivity of CF3SO3H@EA-JUC-1000/CS-8% reaches up to 1.23 × 10-3 S∙cm-1 at 338K and ~ 98% RH, 2.6-fold than that of CS. Moreover, the EA-JUC-1000 is in-situ combined with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (rGO/EA-JUC-1000), which makes EA-JUC-1000 have a wide detection range (0.1 ~ 500μM) and a low limit of detection (50nM), together with good anti-interference performance, reproducibility and repeatability. In addition, the electrochemical sensing method has been successfully applied to detect DA in bovine serum samples. The dual-functional MOF-based hybrid membrane and composites including proton conduction and DA sensing would provide an example of practical application for MOFs.

Fabrication and performance evaluation of rGO-PANI supported NiP/TMD based biosensors for electrochemical detection of dopamine

In this study, we present a novel approach for electrochemical sensing of DPA through the development of a unique electrode. It (WM-GP@NiMoP) composed of a mixed transition metal dichalcogenides (WS2-MoS2) supported by rGO and PANI, embedded via a facile electroless NiMoP plating technique. To evaluate the physico-chemical properties of the coatings, including phase analysis (X-Ray diffraction studies), morphology (Filed emission scanning electron microscopy), topology (Atomic force microscopy) and to assess the catalytic activity of the electrode for DPA sensing. The sensing behavior under various operating conditions, encompassing scan rate and pH of the analyte. The durability and performance evaluation were conducted to identify the consistent performance at an optimal pH value of 7 and it shown remarkable selective sensitivity and suppression of glucose and ascorbic acid interferences. The k0 values for the reversible electrode systems like dopamine was reasonable (5.3 ×10−10 cm/s) for the respective oxidation reactions. The CV analysis envisages the sensing potential of electrode towards DPA oxidation due to synergistic effect between PANI and rGO to MTMD on NiMoP coated electrodes. The work highlights the remarkable sensing capabilities of the WM-GP12 @NiMoP electrode in the field of electrochemical detection of DPA. Its exceptional sensitivity towards sensing of DPA establishes it as a significant advancement in electrochemical sensing technology.