Electoral Court Research Articles

Calvinists and Lutherans: Contesting the European Reformation

Studies • volume 106 • number 424 431 Calvinists and Lutherans: Contesting the European Reformation Graeme Murdock A ‘Reformation’ tour of Dublin Dublin’s streets offer eloquent testimony to Ireland’s place in the history of the Reformation and to the city’s connections with developments in the mainstream of European religious life and culture. Some city centre churches have been abandoned in recent years as places of worship, but a sufficiently visible Christian presence remains to bear witness to Dublin’s long history of religious pluralism. Anglicans remain by far the most prominent among Protestant churches. However, from the middle decades of the seventeenth century Baptists also worshipped in Dublin, following the inspiration of early sixteenth century German, Czech and Dutch speaking communities. The city was also home to Presbyterians, following a reformed theology and ecclesiology developed in Zurich from the 1520s and in Geneva from the 1530s. There were also Quakers, worshipping from the 1690s in Eustace Street, with Presbyterians as near neighbours from the 1720s. If we walk from Meeting House Square to Nassau Street and then turn up one of the streets developed by Joshua Dawson, the Anglican church of St Ann’s offers a rather imposing nineteenth century neo-Romanesque façade. Arriving in St Stephen’s Green, in one corner stands a graveyard used by Dublin’s French Calvinist community from the latter decades of the seventeenth century. A Unitarian church from the 1860s stands in the opposite corner of the Green, representing a strain of thought revived by Italian, Polish and Hungarian intellectuals of the midsixteenth century. In the 1840s Methodists moved to the south side of St Stephen’s Green, worshipping in a neo-classical church built to mark the centenary of the conversion of the Wesley brothers. Turning down Earlsfort Terrace, we face an 1840s Palladian-inspired Presbyterian church. The Presbyterians have Lutherans for near neighbours onAdelaide Road in an 1860s church building. However, a Lutheran presence in Ireland had been established from the arrival of so-called Palatine Germans Calvinists and Lutherans: Contesting the European Reformation 432 Studies • volume 106 • number 424 in the early eighteenth century. Not far off, along Kevin Street, stands a 1760s church of the Moravians with their distinctive insignia of a lamb carrying a flag still visible. Moravians had endured a century of Catholic repression in their homeland, finding sanctuary from the 1720s at Herrnhut in Saxony thanks to Nikolaus von Zinzendorf. The roots of the Moravian church date back to the 1450s as a branch of the Utraquist movement known as the Unity of Brethren. The Brethren were inspired by the legacy of Jan Hus, who was burned as a heretic by the Council of Constance in 1415.1 One might argue, therefore, that, if we are considering the legacy of the Reformation after 500 years, we may (if Moravians are considered Protestants) have got our dates wrong. The Reformation’s unexpected legacy This brief tour of some of Dublin’s older Protestant churches provides a point of departure to discuss the theme of contesting the Reformation. Religious diversity was one of its clear consequences but it was an entirely unexpected legacy of Luther’s trouble-making about the sale of indulgences and papal authority from 1517. By January 1521 he had been excommunicated as a heretic in a papal bull. The Saxon electoral court argued that Luther should not be condemned without a hearing in front of the Holy Roman Emperor. Charles V instructed Luther to appear at the Diet of Worms. Pressed to revoke his opinions, according to the official transcript of the diet, Luther declared: ‘I am bound by the Scriptures I have quoted and my conscience is captive to the Word of God. I cannot and will not retract anything, since it is neither safe nor right to act against conscience’. Perhaps, according to supporters, Luther may have added a final thought, ‘I cannot do otherwise, here I stand, may God help me. Amen’. He did not mean by these words to assert the right of individual freedom of conscience, and did not mean to suggest that conscience was some authentic inner version of self that struggles against externally-constructed norms. Rather...

Reflexión comparada sobre el proceder de los actores políticos en las elecciones presidenciales de México del 2006 y Venezuela del 2013

<p>Este trabajo tiene como propósito comparar el proceder de los actores políticos nacionales y extranjeros, durante y posterior a las elecciones presidenciales de México en el año 2006 y la elección presidencial extraordinaria en Venezuela, en abril de 2013. Ambas elecciones tuvieron una diferencia mínima de votos entre el primer y segundo lugar, por lo que las partes perdedoras impugnaron la elección ante sus respectivos tribunales electorales como denuncia de fraude electoral, dando paso a conflictos políticos postelectorales.</p>

Redes de financiamento eleitoral e grupos de capital na Comissão de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Câmara dos Deputados

O artigo analisa as redes de financiamento eleitoral dos deputados federais que compuseram a Comissão de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável - CMADS, durante a 54ª Legislatura (2011-2014). O objetivo é responder às seguintes questões: que forma assume a estrutura de financiamento dos membros da CMADS? Quais grupos de capital político-financeiro se formam e se relacionam no interior da rede? O Repositório de Dados Eleitorais do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral - TSE e os relatórios da comissão disponibilizados no site da Câmara dos Deputados forneceram os dados básicos da pesquisa, sobre os quais aplicamos a metodologia de Análise das Redes Sociais - ARS. Construímos as redes com o programa Gephi e, após eliminarmos suas camadas superficiais, elas apresentaram uma estrutura coesa, na qual a maioria dos nós se interliga por doadores em comum. Os resultados deixam clara a formação de comunidades articuladas dentro da CMADS, pautadas numa busca por identidade, seja partidária, seja por interesses em comum.

Pedidos De Vista No Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (Requests to View the Case at the Brazilian Superior Electoral Court)

Portuguese Abstract: O artigo e o resultado de pesquisa quantitativa com objetivo de responder duas perguntas: 1) os pedidos de vista no TSE sao comuns? 2) Os pedidos de vista no TSE sao curtos? Foram capturados os dados basicos, incluindo informacoes de andamentos processuais, de 235.416 casos ingressados no tribunal entre janeiro de 2006 e maio de 2017. Os dados mostram que os pedidos de vista nao sao comuns no TSE. Apenas 1.17% dos processos no periodo tiveram um pedido de vista. Os dados tambem mostram que os pedidos de vista nao sao curtos. A media geral e de 66.97 dias, sendo que aproximadamente 1/5 dos pedidos ultrapassa 100 dias – 5 vezes o prazo mais alongado, pelo novo CPC. English Abstract: The paper is the result of quantitative research aimed at answering two questions: 1) are requests to view the case at the Brazilian Electoral Court (TSE) common? 2) Are requests to view the case at the TSE short in duration? We captured basic data, including docket entries, for 235.416 cases admitted to the court between January 2006 and May 2017. The data shows that requests to view the case are not common at the TSE. Only 1.17% of cases during this time were the object of a request. The data also shows that requests are not short. The overall average is 66.97 days, while approximately 1/5 of requests is returned after more than 100 days – 5 times the longest deadline, that of the new Civil Procedure Code.

Transfuguismo: dicotomía entre la lealtad partidaria y la participación política. Una visión desde los precedentes judiciales en México

The tendency to defect that has characterized the Mexican political system has become, in recent years, a problem of a constitutional nature, beginning with certain nuances that have been addressed by the highest judicial authority in electoral matters in Mexico; namely, the Electoral Court of the judicial branch of the Mexican federal system, and even by the Supreme Court of Justice of Mexico, since the matter is part of the dichotomy between the right to individual freedom in terms of political participation and the right to party loyalty, which does not exist explicitly in the constitution. Accordingly, this academic contribution deals with an analysis of the tendency to defect, predominantly in the candidacy phase, based on certain precedents that have been set by jurisdictional authorities in Mexico and framed within the country’s presidential system. This is without neglecting to mention, in passing, how the tendency to defect operates in other countries.

The Application of the Doctrine of <i>Res Judicata</i> in Political Rights Cases: <i>National Freedom Party v Electoral Commission and Others</i> (2016)

On 5 August 2016, the Electoral Court delivered its judgment in the case of National Freedom Party v The Electoral Commission and Others (NFP No 2) and dismissed an application by the National Freedom Party (NFP) to retrospectively amend the electoral timetable. This second case followed an unsuccessful earlier attempt to seek a similar order in the same court in the case of National Freedom Party v Electoral Commission and Another (NFP No 1). In the case under discussion (NFP No 2), the second to seventh respondents were all registered political parties that indicated in their founding affidavit that they supported the cause of the NFP to be included in the 2016 municipal elections.

THE INTERNET AS ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIA: STRATEGIES OF BRAZILIAN POLITICAL PARTIES

Abstract This paper analyzes how Brazilian political parties use the Internet to communicate with the electoral segments interested in the environmental agenda. The survey was conducted in 2014, based on the information available on the websites of the parties. The focus of the research are the communication strategies and the contents disclosed. The data show that, of the 32 parties registered with the Electoral Court, 20 incorporate ecological issues in their websites (62.5%). The party visibility is the main characteristic observed. The strategies and content are used for advertising subtitle in order to strengthen political propaganda directed to this electoral segment. The party adherence to environmental issues shows that the green agenda has become transpartidária, beyond left x right division.

Comunicação política e campanhas on-Line: análise da evolução da legislação eleitoral brasileira sobre o uso da internet como ferramenta de campanha

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7984.2016v15n34p283No Brasil, somente a partir de 2009, passou a ser admitida, legalmente, a utilização de redes sociais e blogs para fins de campanha política. Antes da criação daLei 12.034, o Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE) editava resoluções, que atribuíam competência aos juízes eleitorais locais para dirimir os conflitos que envolviam a utilização das mídias sociais em campanhas, o que se apresenta como mais um caso de judicialização da política.O artigo analisa tanto o avanço da legislação eleitoral brasileira sobre os usos das novas mídias sociais, quanto o debate travado no plenário do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE) desde a regulamentação da eleição de 2002 até a de 2012. A metodologia utilizada é a análise de conteúdo, através de uma abordagem quantitativa para verificar as regras instituídas nos dispositivos das resoluções e da lei e suas alterações, a cada eleição, e qualitativa para estudo da legislação, da jurisprudência e dos debates oriundos do legislativo e das ações julgadas TSE, antes e depois da edição da Lei 12.034/09.

A Atuação Da Justiça Eleitoral E O Cpc De 2015: Decisão De Casos Concretos, Precedentes Judiciais E Poder Normativo

O trabalho aborda a atuação da Justiça Eleitoral e as implicações trazidas pela entrada em vigor do Código de Processo Civil de 2015. Como objetivo, analisa-se o sistema de precedentes judiciais na teoria do direito e no processo civil brasileiro a fim de, posteriormente, inseri-lo na práxis eleitoral. São aferidas, também, possíveis mudanças no comportamento da justiça especializada, em especial quanto ao poder normativo e à edição de enunciados de súmulas. Utilizam-se, no desenvolver do artigo, método dedutivo e procedimento de estudo de caso, sendo escolhida a Resolução TSE n. 23.376/2012 como objeto de pesquisa.

Governo eletrônico, democracia digital e comunicação pública

Este artigo descreve resultados de pesquisa que empreendeu uma análise comparativa das páginas web dos tribunais superiores do Poder Judiciário no Brasil — Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ), Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE), Tribunal Superior do Trabalho (TST) e Supremo Tribunal Militar (STM) — e de seus órgãos fiscalizadores — Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ), Conselho da Justiça Federal (CJF) e Conselho Superior da Justiça do Trabalho (CSJT) com o objetivo de produzir um diagnóstico da qualidade da exploração das tecnologias. A metodologia envolveu análise de conteúdo em quatro categorias: informações institucionais; transparência; serviços; e interatividade. Os resultados indicam que os portais apresentaram desempenho satisfatório nas categorias de informações institucionais (87% das páginas web analisadas contêm informações relacionadas), transparência (78%) e serviços (74%), mas nota-se a insuficiência da exploração de recursos de interatividade (39% das páginas contêm mecanismos de input dos usuários). Estes dados são interpretados à luz de recomendações de organismos internacionais e pesquisas na área.

Ficha Limpa - uma lei a defender?

RESUMO O presente texto apresenta a história da Lei da Ficha Limpa, que estabelece a inelegibilidade de candidatos com vida pregressa duvidosa, promulgada em 4 de junho de 2010. Começando pela criação, na Constituinte de 1987-1988, das Iniciativas Populares de Lei como instrumento de participação popular, ele apresenta as dificuldades para apresentar Projetos de Lei dessa forma, os problemas de sua tramitação no Congresso, as potencialidades pedagógicas e de articulação político desse instrumento e as resistências que o Projeto de Lei da Ficha Lima enfrentou, especialmente quanto à questão de Presunção de Inocência. Relata igualmente sua tramitação efetiva, durante oito meses, na Câmara dos Deputados e no Senado, assim como as várias etapas em que a Lei, depois de aprovada e promulgada, foi analisada pelo Tribunal Superior Eleitoral e pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, que finalmente confirmou sua constitucionalidade em 23 de março de 2011, depois de mais oito meses de discussão. O texto trata também das ameaças que existem para que tenha seus efeitos diminuídos, analisando decisão recente do STF quanto a um dos seus 21 incisos, bem como a igualmente recente desqualificação de seus autores por um dos ministros dessa Corte. O texto levanta a possibilidade de se ter que defender a Lei da Ficha Limpa ante os interesses representados pelo novo governo, instalado no país em 31 de agosto de 2016.

Inelegibilidade Eleitoral e Reconhecimento da União Homoafetiva como Entidade Familiar: Análise das Tensões Entre Igualdade e Diferença no Julgamento do Recurso Especial Eleitoral 24564 no Tribunal Superior Eleitoral

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as tensões entre igualdade e diferença no constitucionalismo brasileiro contemporâneo tendo como referencial de análise o julgamento do Recurso Especial Eleitoral n. 24564/2004 no Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, decisão que reconheceu a união homoafetiva como entidade familiar e, a partir da revisão de literatura sobre democracia e direitos políticos, identificar a importância de compatibilizar igualdade e diferença no campo político, não somente pela via dos direitos, mas também pela ótica dos deveres, remetendo à necessidade de proteger a lisura da competição eleitoral para evitar a apropriação do espaço público por razões privadas de ordem familiar.

Inovação no setor público e evolução dos modelos de administração pública: o caso do TRE-SC

Este estudo enfoca o campo de inovação no setor público e suas conexões com a evolução dos modelos de administração pública. O objetivo é identificar, caracterizar e classificar as inovações ocorridas no Tribunal Regional Eleitoral de Santa Catarina entre 2008 e 2012. Caracteriza-se como um estudo de caso descritivo-avaliativo, de abordagem qualitativa. Utilizou-se a pesquisa documental como instrumento de coleta de dados. Como resultado, verificou-se que foram implementadas 38 inovações no período, predominando inovações de processo tecnológico, com destaque para inovações com abrangência interna, focadas na organização e no aprimoramento dos processos internos do TRE-SC. Inovações em serviços e auxiliares vieram em segundo e terceiro planos. Uma análise dos resultados sob a ótica da evolução dos modelos de Administração Pública corrobora achados de estudos internacionais ao indicar que os princípios do Novo Serviço Público e da Nova Governança Pública estão presentes de forma ainda incipiente nas inovações realizadas no TRE-SC no período.

THE POLONAISE AND MAZURKA IN MID-EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY DRESDEN: STYLE AND STRUCTURE IN THE MUSIC OF JOHANN CHRISTIAN ROELLIG

ABSTRACTWhile recent studies have explored the significance of the Polish style in the music of Georg Philipp Telemann and Johann Sebastian Bach, and the importance of Polish dances in Dresden has long been recognized, the eighteenth-century German polonaise remains a largely neglected area of inquiry. The restoration of the library of the Singakademie zu Berlin in 2000 has made it possible to explore an important collection of mostly unica sources of music by Saxon composers from c1740 to 1763 amassed by the Meissen porcelain mosaic artist Carl Jacob Christian Klipfel (1727–1802). Klipfel's collection includes music by Johann Christian Roellig (born 1716), possibly the most prolific composer of polonaises in Dresden during this period and one of the earliest German composers to write mazurs (mazurkas) in instrumental works. The first-hand knowledge of the Polish style that musicians employed by the Saxon electoral court and Count von Brühl gained as a result of frequent journeys to Warsaw resulted in Dresden polonaises that are relatively un-‘Germanized’. This article examines the social and musical contexts of the polonaise in mid-eighteenth-century Dresden, including the repertoire of the annual Redouten (masked balls), then examines the polonaises and mazurkas of Roellig and his contemporaries, including Johann Georg Knechtel, Georg Gebel and Gottlob Harrer. A survey of the use of the polonaise in Redoutentänze, symphonies and partitas reveals significant differences in style and structure between these genres.

Improving the Democratic Brand Through Institution Building: Ombudsmen and Corruption in Latin America, 2000-2011

A growing body of literature has emerged that examines the contributions of mid-level institutions of accountability (e.g., public ministries, federal police, and electoral courts) in curbing corruption. Notably absent here is the Defensor del Pueblo (ombudsman). This study posits that, under the right conditions, these nonsanctioning bodies have several tools at their disposal that can be leveraged against state actors to reduce corruption. The ombudsman's unique links to the public (or principal) and external actors allow it to function like a “fourth estate,” but the strength of the office to act as an effective deterrent to corruption is endogenous to the system and actors that created this office. This study conducts a two-stage least squares regression analysis for 17 Latin American countries (2000–2011), provides support for these expectations, and suggests that the ombudsman is beginning to deliver on its promise, at least with respect to corruption. Los estudios sobre la corrupción se han enfocado en las contribuciones de las instituciones de nivel medio (por ejemplo: ministerios públicos, la policía federal, y las cortes electorales). No se ha tomado en cuenta el papel jugado por la Defensoría del Pueblo. Este estudio propone que, bajo las condiciones apropiadas, la Defensoría, una agencia que no tiene el poder de sancionar legalmente, puede usar varias herramientas para disminuir la corrupción política. La Defensoría funciona como el ‘cuarto poder’ (“fourth estate”) porque mantiene nexos únicos con el público (el principal) y los actores externos. Sin embargo, el poder de la Defensoría para combatir la corrupción es endógeno al sistema político. Este estudio examina a las contribuciones de la Defensoría usando una regresión de dos fases para 17 países latinoamericanos (2000–2011) y concluye que esta agencia está empezando a tener un impacto positivo cuando se trata de la corrupción política.

Translating Sorrow

In the multilingual environments of Central European cities and courts, Italian musicians found a receptive market for their music. There they confronted a range of linguistic abilities that encouraged innovative approaches to musical composition and publication. Recent rediscovery of the opening sheets of Giovanni Battista Pinello’s 1584 Primo libro dele neapolitane enables us to assess one Genoese composer’s experience of a multi-ethnic, Central European milieu during an unprecedented migrational wave. As chapelmaster at the electoral court in Dresden with ties to aristocratic circles in Prague, Pinello also issued a German version that can be sung, according to the composer, simultaneously with the napolitane. This study examines the Central European market for Italian music, the role of the Holy Roman Empire in facilitating Italian migration, and cultural challenges foreign musicians faced in their new homes. Nineteenth-century myths of nationhood depended on histories of folk-like immobility, but in fact migration was a basic condition of early modern European life. Music historians have long been aware of individual musicians’ travels from the Low Countries in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, along with a new trend, emerging around 1600, toward northward emigration by Italian musicians. Nonetheless, there is much more to say about the social underpinnings of such movements. Pinello’s fusion of languages, poetic forms, and registers invites us to reimagine the multi-ethnic complexion of Central European musical centers in the late sixteenth century.

JUSTICIABILIDAD DE LOS DERECHOS COLECTIVOS DE LOS PUEBLOS Y COMUNIDADES INDÍGENAS

Our country has signed various international legal instruments which are responsible for monitoring the correct application of justice to all its inhabitants, but the most important is the recognition that the Mexican authorities have made of those rights, in both criminal and civil as well as electoral law. The Federal Electoral Court has defended the rights of all Mexicans, and particular interest has been shown in recent years when various cases related to the rights of native peoples of Mexico and their right to self-determination to elect their own authorities, without prejudice to its interests, laws and systems of elections. The elimination of discrimination, combat of prejudice and promotion tolerance for the rights of native peoples now is not only a recommendation from international agencies, but a real commitment from our federal and local authorities, and the Federal Electoral Court, within its sphere of competence, has shown clear signs of these principles and the unrestricted application of the Constitution through various rulings, jurisprudence and thesis.

A geografia eleitoral do estado do Tocantins: análise das eleições para governador de 1988 a 2010

Este artigo foi construído a partir de uma pesquisa que estabeleceu uma intrínseca relação entre geografia e voto no estado do Tocantins. Seu objetivo principal consistiu em desenvolver uma análise sobre a distribuição espacial dos votos para o poder executivo estadual (governador) de 1988 a 2010, nesta unidade da federação, distribuídos em seus 139 municípios, a fim de identificarmos as territorialidades dos votos bem como os domínios eleitorais estaduais que se estabeleceram ao longo da vida política tocantinense. Para tanto, ao longo desta pesquisa, nos dedicamos a leituras bibliográficas pertinentes ao referido tema, e a coletar e cartografar os resultados dos pleitos eleitorais disponíveis no Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE) e no Tribunal Regional Eleitoral-Tocantins (TRE/TO). Como considerações, apontamos o uso e o controle do território exercido por meio do voto por distintos atores políticos regionais, a manutenção do poder político de uma elite política estabelecida desde a primeira eleição para governador (1988) e suas implicações sobre a geografia eleitoral tocantinense.
 
 Abstract 
 
 THE ELECTORAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE STATE OF TOCANTINS:ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTIONS FOR GOVERNOR FROM 1988 TO 2010
 
 This article was devised based on a survey that establishes an intrinsic relationship between geography and vote in the State of Tocantins. The main objective consisted in developing an analysis of the spatial distribution of the votes for the state executive (governor) from 1988 to 2010 in this state, distributed into its 139 municipal districts, so we can identify the territoriality of the votes as well as the state voting domains that were established during the political life in Tocantins. For such, during this survey, we spent time reading bibliographies related to the theme in question, and to collect and map the results of the election dispute available in the Superior Electoral Court (TSE) and Regional Electoral Court-Tocantins (TRE/TO). As considerations, we appointed the use and control of the territory exercised by means of the vote by distinct regional political players, maintenance of the political power over a political elite established since the first election for governor (1988) and its implications on the electoral geography of Tocantins

What Do These People Want? Membership and Activism in Brazilian Political Parties

In January 2014 there were over 15 million party members in Brazil, aggregating nearly 11% of the electorate, which places the Brazilian democracy among the most significant in this aspect. Despite the tendency to overestimate these official data from the Superior Electoral Court (TSE), it is nevertheless surprising that millions of individuals integrate organizations that are pointed out by part of the literature as weak, deprived of internal life and without strong linkages with civil society. Regardless of the diagnosis, factors such as the fluidity of the party system, the relative ideological undifferentiation among most parties, and the distrust of much of the population in relation to political institutions do not avoid many Brazilians from joining a political party. The first survey in the country which interviewed directly (and exclusively) members of political parties was carried out in 2013 in the state of Sao Paulo, covering the members of the ten major Brazilian parties. Using these unpublished data, this paper explores two main points: 1) the reasons and paths that lead individuals to join a political party; 2) the activities performed within the party and the perceptions of members about this participation. The text presents some preliminary findings and data of this research, which is funded by the State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, Research Project n. 2012/19330-8).

La influencia de Ronald Dworkin en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo central presentar someramente algunas de las tesis principales de Ronald Dworkin, y la influencia de este autor en la práctica judicial del Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación, con lo que habré también de demostrar el vínculo existente entre teoría y práctica judicial. En concreto, centraré mi exposición en una de las tesis de Dworkin que a la fecha, sigue siendo el principal motivo de disputa entre los teóricos del derecho, a saber, la separación conceptual entre el derecho y la moral, y la idea de un sistema jurídico conformado sólo por reglas, que dan pauta a la operación lógica de subsunción. Para lograr el objetivo trazado, en primer lugar se expondrá brevemente el pensamiento del heredero de Hart en la Universidad de Oxford, y posteriormente se analizarán algunos criterios del Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación, en donde se destaca la influencia de nuestro autor, argumentando paralelamente, el vínculo sustancial entre teoría y práctica judicial.