Effective Energy Transfer Research Articles

Aeroacoustic control mechanism on near-wall-wing of Aero-train based on plasma jet

In this study, an aeroacoustic control mechanism of a plasma jet acting on a high-speed moving wing under a wing-in-ground effect is investigated. Moreover, a novel method is proposed to reduce the aeroacoustics of Aero-train wings. Numerical simulations of the aeroacoustics generated by flow around a National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics 4412 wing are performed under three different plasma excitation modes at four clearances with an incoming flow velocity of 0.3 Ma and an angle of attack of 5°. The results show that different plasma excitation modes interfere with the vortex generation and development in different ways to achieve aeroacoustic reduction. The UP excitation mode delays the airflow separation, delays the vortex generation and development, and reduces the vortex intensity. The BOTH excitation mode forces transverse vortices to transform into streamwise hairpin vortices and reduces the local pressure fluctuation intensity. Hence, plasma jets exhibit a good control effect on the peak aeroacoustics under different clearance conditions but result in the frequency shift effect of acoustic energy transfer to high frequencies. The modal analysis of the flow field of the three excitation conditions via a proper orthogonal decomposition method reveals that the trend of the modal change is similar for the three excitation conditions, and the change in each order of the modal corresponds to the energy decrease at the peak frequency and the energy increase at high frequencies.

Ultra-sensitive fluorescent and colorimetric probes for femtomolar detection of picric acid: Mechanochromic, latent fingerprinting, and pH responsive character with AIE properties

• Probes 1(a-c) were synthesized through one-pot multicomponent reaction. • This study offers design strategy to transform ACQ into AIE feature. • Probes showed mechanochromism, pH responsive, and identification of latent fingerprints. • Probes displayed ultrasensitive femtomolar level sensing of picric acid (PA) • Selective sensing of PA was achieved through the predominant involvement of ground state complexation. Multiple stimuli responsive easy to synthesize organic probes with remarkable structural properties are imminently essential. To this endeavor, 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) based three new probes 1(a-c) were successfully synthesized and characterized through modern spectroscopic and mass spectrometry techniques. Planar dihydropyridine was appended with multiple donor-acceptor and rotors to bring aggregation induced emission (AIE) character in probes 1(a-b) . Interestingly, probe 1c displayed aggregation caused quenching (ACQ) effect due to perpendicularly attached naphthyl ring. Therefore, this study presents extensive structure-property relationship to invoke AIE character. Moreover, probes 1(a-c) exhibited high photostability, reversible mechanochromism, pH responsive character, and adequate identification of latent fingerprints (LFPs). Importantly, multifunctional probes 1(a-c) served as highly selective fluorescent and colorimetric probes for picric acid (PA). In solution, highly sensitive femtomolar (fM) level (limit of detection (LOD); 12.3, 14.6, and 27.1 fM) detection of PA was attributed to combined effect of ground-state charge transfer complex formation and Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET). Favorable complexation between probes and PA was proved through UV-visible absorption, density functional theory (DFT), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies. Advantageously, probes were able to detect picric acid in vapor phase. In addition, probes were practically applicable for the contact mode detection of PA and sensing of PA in LFPs and industrial samples.

Optical gain at 1.55 µm of Er(TMHD)3 complex doped polymer waveguides based on the intramolecular energy transfer effect.

Based on the intramolecular energy transfer mechanism between organic ligand TMHD (2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-3, 5-heptanedione) and central Er3+ ions, optical gains at 1.55 µm were demonstrated in three structures of polymer waveguides using complex Er(TMHD)3-doped polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as the active material. With the excitation of two low-power UV light-emitting diodes (LEDs) instead of 980 or 1480 nm lasers, relative gains of 3.5 and 4.1 dB cm-1 were achieved in a 1-cm-long rectangular waveguide with an active core of Er(TMHD)3-doped PMMA polymer. Meanwhile, relative gain of 3.0 dB cm-1 was obtained in an evanescent-field waveguide with cross-section of 4 × 4 µm2 using passive SU-8 polymer as core and a ∼1-µm-thick Er(TMHD)3-doped PMMA as upper cladding. By growing a 100 nm thick aluminum mirror and active lower cladding, the optical gain was doubled to 6.7 dB cm-1 in evanescent-field waveguides because of the stimulated excitation of Er3+ ions in the upper and lower cladding and the improved absorption efficiency.

A single‐phase, thermally stable and color-tunable white light emitting Na2Ca1-x-yCexMnyP2O7 phosphors for white light emitting diodes via energy transfer

The solid-state reaction method was used to develop a series of Na2Ca1-x-yCexMnyP2O7 phosphors in an H2–N2 environment. The crystal structure of the pyrophosphate host, valence state of dopants (Ce, Mn), emission behavior of dopants, energy transfer mechanism, and thermal quenching behavior were thoroughly examined. Doping with Ce3+ and Mn2+ ions enhanced the photoluminescence characteristics of Na2Ca1-x-yCexMnyP2O7 while having negligible effect on the host's phase purity. Under 365 nm UV light irradiation, the addition of Ce3+ ion in the Na2CaP2O7 host revealed an asymmetric band with the typical blue emission around 415 nm and a shoulder around 455 nm. To obtain white light, Mn2+ ion was supplementarily substituted to the present system. When the Mn2+ ions concentration was elevated in the Na2CaP2O7 host, the emission intensity of 560 nm peak corresponding to Mn2+ transition enhanced significantly at the cost of Ce3+ emission of 415 nm. The systematic decrease of Ce3+ emission intensity and corresponding increase in the Mn2+ intensity with the increase in Mn2+ concentration indicated the possibility of effective energy transfer from Ce3+ to Mn2+ ions. The obtained results indicated that energy transfer from the Ce3+ to Mn2+ ions governed by dipole-quadrupole interaction. Because of the efficient energy transfer, the blue emission from Ce3+ and the orange red emission of Mn2+ provide white light from a single host along with high value of activation energy and low thermal quenching behaviour make the present phosphors to be suitable for high-power LEDs.

Highly Efficient Energy Transfer from Silicon to Erbium in Erbium-Hyperdoped Silicon Quantum Dots

Erbium-doped silicon (Er-doped Si) materials hold great potential for advancing Si photonic devices. For Er-doped Si, the efficiency of energy transfer (ηET) from Si to Er3+ is crucial. In order to achieve high ηET, we used nonthermal plasma to synthesize Si quantum dots (QDs) hyperdoped with Er at the concentration of ~1% (i.e., ~5 × 1020 cm-3). The QD surface was subsequently modified by hydrosilylation using 1-dodecene. The Er-hyperdoped Si QDs emitted near-infrared (NIR) light at wavelengths of ~830 and ~1540 nm. An ultrahigh ηET (~93%) was obtained owing to the effective energy transfer from Si QDs to Er3+, which led to the weakening of the NIR emission at ~830 nm and the enhancement of the NIR emission at ~1540 nm. The coupling constant (γ) between Si QDs and Er3+ was comparable to or greater than 1.8 × 10-12 cm3·s-1. The temperature-dependent photoluminescence and excitation rate of Er-hyperdoped Si QDs indicate that strong coupling between Si QDs and Er3+ allows Er3+ to be efficiently excited.

Self-Assembled Plasmonic Nanojunctions Mediated by Host-Guest Interaction for Ultrasensitive Dual-Mode Detection of Cholesterol.

Herein, a fluorescence and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy dual-mode system was designed for cholesterol detection based on self-assembled plasmonic nanojunctions mediated by the competition of rhodamine 6G (R6G) and cholesterol with β-cyclodextrin modified on gold nanoparticles (HS-β-CD@Au). The fluorescence of R6G was quenched by HS-β-CD@Au due to the fluorescence resonance energy transfer effect. When cholesterol was introduced as the competitive guest, R6G in the cavities of HS-β-CD@Au was displaced to recover its fluorescence. Moreover, two of HS-β-CD@Au can be linked by one cholesterol to form a more stable 2:1 complex, and then, plasmonic nanojunctions were generated, which resulted in the increasing SERS signal of R6G. In addition, fluorescence and SERS intensity of R6G increased linearly with the increase in the cholesterol concentrations with the limits of detection of 95 and 74 nM, respectively. Furthermore, the dual-mode strategy can realize the reliable and sensitive detection of cholesterol in the serum with good accuracy, and two sets of data can mutually validate each other, which demonstrated great application prospects in the surveillance of diseases related with cholesterol.

Analysis of the relationship between LET, γH2AX foci volume and cell killing effect of carbon ions using high-resolution imaging technology.

The strong cell killing effect of high linear energy transfer (LET) carbon ions is dependent on lethal DNA damage. Our recent studies suggest that induction of clusters of double-strand breaks (DSBs) in close proximity is one of the potential mechanisms. However, the relationship between LET, the degree of DSB clustering and the cell killing effect of carbon ions remains unclear. Here, we used high-resolution imaging technology to analyze the volume of γH2AX foci induced by monoenergetic carbon ions with a clinically-relevant range of LET (13-100keV/μm). We obtained data from 3317 γH2AX foci and used a gaussian function to approximate the probability (p) that 1Gy-carbon ions induce γH2AX foci of a given volume (vth) or greater per nucleus. Cell killing effects were assessed in clonogenic assays. The cell killing effect showed high concordance with p at vth = 0.7μm3 across various LET values; the difference between the two was 4.7% ± 2.2%. This relationship was also true for clinical carbon ion beams harboring a mixed LET profile throughout a spread-out Bragg peak width (30-120mm), with the difference at vth = 0.7μm3 being 1.6% ± 1.2% when a Monte Carlo simulation-derived dose-averaged LET was used to calculate p. These data indicate that the cell killing effect of carbon ions is predictable by the ability of carbon ions to induce γH2AX foci containing clustered DSBs, which is linked to LET, providing the biological basis for LET modulation in the planning of carbon ion radiotherapy.

Investigation of the luminescence properties and energy transfer mechanisms in Gd3TaO7:Bi3+,Eu3+ phosphors for their potential application in full-spectrum WLEDs.

In recent years, there has been increasing effort devoted to the development of single-phase white phosphors due to drawbacks such as severe reabsorption and color deviation in traditional white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). A new feasible strategy has emerged for achieving white light emission through the Bi3+-Eu3+ energy transfer in suitable single-phase phosphors. Therefore, a series of Gd3TaO7:xBi3+ and Gd3TaO7:0.01Bi3+,yEu3+ phosphors were synthesized via a high-temperature solid-state method, and their properties were systematically characterized. In Gd3TaO7, Bi3+ occupies two kinds of Gd3+ site, resulting in two broad emission bands peaking at 427 nm and 500 nm respectively under ultraviolet (UV) excitation, which arise from 3P1 → 1S0 transitions. By adjusting the concentration of Eu3+ in Gd3TaO7:0.01Bi3+,yEu3+, effective energy transfer can occur between Bi3+ and Eu3+, thus enabling the regulation of green-white-red luminescence under 332 nm excitation and blue-white-red luminescence under 365 nm UV light irradiation. Upon stimulation with a 365 nm UV chip, Gd3TaO7:0.01Bi3+,0.02Eu3+ emits white light with CIE coordinates of (0.3509, 0.3202), a color temperature of 4629 K, and an impressive color rendering index of 87.96. The above results indicate the potential of Gd3TaO7:0.01Bi3+,yEu3+ phosphor as a viable candidate for WLED applications.

Dual-mode luminescence anti-counterfeiting and white light emission of NaGdF4:Ce,Eu,Tb/carbon dot hydrophilic nanocomposite ink.

NaGdF4:Ce,Eu,Tb nanocrystals were successfully prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method with Ce3+ ions as sensitizers, Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions as activators, and polyethylenimine (PEI) as surfactants. Color-adjustable fluorescence emission was achieved by the energy transfer effect between rare earth ions. Blue fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CDs) with a double UV response under 254 nm and 365 nm excitation were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method. A hydrophilic NaGdF4:Ce,Eu,Tb/CD composite ink was prepared by an easy physical mixing method. Because of the electrostatic self-assembly effect, the color adjustable luminescence was achieved in a few seconds, and the white light emission with color coordinates of (0.32, 0.32) was obtained. A dual-mode luminescence anti-counterfeiting pattern was designed and achieved by excitation with ultraviolet light at 254 nm and 365 nm.

Fluorogenic response from DNA templated micrometer range self-assembled gold nanorod.

Plasmonic gold nanorod (AuNR) on a macromolecular matrix exhibits an end-to-end (ETE) long-range self-assembly (AuNR)n with n > 100. In the case of small molecules as a template, the pre-synthesized macromolecular matrix is missing and this brings a synthetic challenge in directed long-range assembly of AuNR. Self-assembly with thiol-modified small DNA and AuNR shows a much short-range ETE assembly with n < 25 via a simple evaporation technique on a solid surface. In this study, the introduction of two short amine modified probe DNAs (∼2.5 nm) and one 22-mer complementary single strand (ss)-DNA template (∼7 nm) show the long-range ETE self-assembly of (AuNR)n with n > 130. In the solution state, the zigzag arrangement within the assembled structure controls the typical change in the absorption behavior for (AuNR)n ETE assembly. The formation of this long-range ETE self-assembly in a solution state was verified from the combined effect of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and hotspot-induced fluorescence enhancement. The probe DNAs and templated DNA concentration on fluorescence enhancement have been varied to monitor the effect of (AuNR)n with n = ∼5-130 in ETE self-assembly. Primarily quenched FRET acceptor in the presence of AuNR decisively exhibits remarkable fluorogenic response in ETE self-assembly with maximum n value. Although the FRET efficiencies among the fluorophores are comparable, the fluorogenic boost in ETE AuNR is due to the increased number of intrinsic navigated hotspots in these assemblies.

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence with dual-emission and pressure-induced bidirectional shifting: cooperative effects of intramolecular and intermolecular energy transfer.

Different from the conventional piezochromic materials with a mono-redshift of single emission, our well-designed molecule demonstrates a sensitive turn-on and color-tunable piezochromic luminescence in response to the hydrostatic pressure. The molecule PXZ-W-SOF possesses dual-emission and pressure-induced bidirectional shifting characteristics. On the basis of in-depth experimental studies, on one hand, it is confirmed that the origin of the dual-emission behavior is the intramolecular charge transfer, namely thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), and the intermolecular excimer; on the other hand, the emission of the excimer exhibits three-step variations with increasing pressure, which is mainly attributed to the molecular structure and its crystal packing state. The remarkable color change of PXZ-W-SOF from sky-blue to green to deep-blue during the whole process of boosting and releasing pressure is a result of intramolecular and intermolecular energy-transfer interactions. The PXZ-W-SOF molecular model is an extremely rare example of highly sensitive fluorescence tuning driven by TADF and excimer conversion under mechanical stimulation, thus providing a novel mechanism for the field of piezochromism. The unique molecular design also offers a new idea for rare deep-blue and ultraviolet TADF materials.

An electronic tongue based on conjugated polymers for the discrimination and quantitative detection of tetracyclines.

A fluorescent sensor array has been developed based on conjugated polymers (CPs) having six different skeletons for the detection of tetracyclines (TCs), which are known as environmental pollutants. CPs were synthesized from confined nanoreactors in a controlled manner. The fluorescent response occurs through the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) effect. By utilizing linear discriminant analysis (LDA), effective differentiation of TCs was accomplished with a very low detection concentration (66 nM). Moreover, the sensor array exhibited a highly sensitive ability to quantitatively distinguish different concentrations of TCs. Finally, the sensor array's potential for detecting TCs in aqueous solutions has been successfully demonstrated, widening its applications in practical environments. With simple preparation process, a low cost of detection and high sensitivity, the experimental results indicate that the CP-based sensor array is a promising platform for the sensitive and quantitative detection of TCs, and provides a good reference for future scientific research.

Optical, electrochemical and photophysical analyses of heteroleptic luminescent Ln(iii) complexes for lighting applications.

A series of lanthanide complexes have been synthesized with fluorinated 1,3-diketones and heteroaromatic ancillary moieties. Spectroscopic studies reveal the attachment of the respective lanthanide ion to the oxygen site of β-diketone and nitrogen site of auxiliary moieties. The conducting behavior of the complexes is proposed by their optical energy gaps which lie in the range of semiconductors. The emission profiles of the lanthanide complexes demonstrate red and green luminescence owing to the distinctive transitions of Sm3+ and Tb3+ ions, respectively. Energy transfer via antenna effect clearly reveals the effective transfer of energy from the chromophoric moiety to the Ln3+ ion. The prepared conducting and luminescent Ln(iii) complexes might be employed as the emitting component in designing OLEDs.

ZnPc photosensitizer-loaded peony-shaped FeSe2 remotely controlled by near-infrared light for antimycobacterial therapy

The development of novel antimicrobial agents is highly desirable for treating bacterial infections. Here, a smart photodynamic therapy (PDT) system based on a combination of peony-shaped ferroselite FeSe2 particles and zinc (II) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) photosensitizers was constructed. Effective energy transfer occurred from ZnPc to FeSe2, because of their proximity, thus eliciting the OFF state of ZnPc photosensitizers. Under 808 nm NIR light irradiation, the photothermal effect of FeSe2 promoted the release of ZnPc, thus turning on the photodynamic effect of the photosensitizers (ON state). In vitro, FeSe2-ZnPc exhibited high photo-to-thermal conversion efficiency (26.4%) and effective generation of reactive oxygen species for combined photothermal/photodynamic therapy. Therefore, the FeSe2-ZnPc hybrids have great potential to serve as alternatives to antibiotics for eradication of pathogenic bacteria.

Dual ligand-assisted assembly of metal-organic frameworks on upconversion nanoparticles for NIR photodynamic therapy against hypoxic tumors.

The hypoxic nature of tumor microenvironments significantly impedes the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT). To address this challenge, we constructed a pioneering nanohybrid by integrating upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) through a dual-ligand-assisted assembly approach. We functionalized UCNPs with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and branched polyethylenimine (PEI), enabling the in situ growth of MOFs on multiple UCNP-conjugates. This nanohybrid, termed UCM, possesses a unique heterogeneous structure that facilitates effective energy transfer from UCNPs to MOFs, enhancing NIR-activated PDT. A distinguishing feature of UCMs is biocatalytically active MOFs, which provide them with a peroxidase-like capability. This characteristic allows UCMs to utilize the excess H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment, ensuring continuous oxygen production essential for type II PDT. Our research indicates that UCMs not only amplify the efficacy of PDT but also address the therapeutic challenges in hypoxic tumor microenvironments by supplying in situ oxygen.

Synergistic coupling of interface ohmic contact and LSPR effects over Au/Bi24O31Br10 nanosheets for visible-light-driven photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO.

The challenge of synergistically optimizing different mechanisms limits the further improvement of plasmon-mediated photocatalytic activities. In this work, an Au/Bi24O31Br10 composite, combining an interface ohmic contact and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), is prepared by a thermal reduction method. The LSPR effect induces the local resonance energy transfer effect and the local electric field enhancement effect, while the interface ohmic contact forms a stronger interface electric field. The novel synergistic interaction between the interface ohmic contact and LSPR drives effective charge separation and provides more active sites for the adsorption and activation of CO2 with improved photocatalytic efficiency. The optimized 0.6 wt% Au (5.7 nm) over Bi24O31Br10 nanosheets showed an apparently improved photocatalytic activity without any sacrificial reagents, specifically CO and O2 yields of 44.92 and 17.83 μmol g-1 h-1, and demonstrated superior stability (only lost 6%) after continuous reaction for 48 h, nearly 5-fold enhanced compared to Bi24O31Br10 and a great advantage compared with other bismuth-based photocatalysts.

Near-ultraviolet and deep red dual-band mechanoluminescence for color manipulation and biomechanics detection

In this work, an efficient mechanoluminescent composite elastomer, Ca9Bi(PO4)7:Ce3+/polydimethylsiloxane, is reported. Because of the crystal restriction of Ca9Bi(PO4)7, Bi3+ and Bi2+ ions with luminescent characteristics co-exist in the structure. The doping of Ce3+ further shows effective energy transfer to the Bi ions, and hence the Ca9Bi(PO4)7:Ce3+/polydimethylsiloxane exhibits the unique and enhanced near-ultraviolet and deep red dual-band emissions under mechanics stimuli. Further studies on the thermoluminescence, cathodoluminescence, triboelectricity properties as well as the matrix effects suggest that the interfacial triboelectrification-induced electron bombardment model should be responsible for the mechanics excitation/activation processes. The mechanoluminescence of the Ca9Bi(PO4)7:Ce3+/polydimethylsiloxane is further utilized for two types of applications. By employing the emitted near-ultraviolet mechanoluminescence as the excitation source, a large variety of materials that only have photoluminescence can also exhibit mechanoluminescence. By demonstrating the penetration and sensing abilities of the long-wavelength deep red mechanoluminescence in the simulated tissues, this work also suggests that the Ca9Bi(PO4)7:Ce3+/polydimethylsiloxane is promising for the in-situ detection of biomechanics.

Enhanced bright green luminescence from GdOF:Ho3+ up-conversion phosphor via Yb3+ doping

In this paper, a series of GdOF-based green phosphors doped with Ho3+ and Yb3+ ions was prepared by a simple co-precipitation method. The crystal structures and optical properties were investigated in detail. The intensity of the emission of GdOF:Yb3+,Ho3+ phosphors is enhanced by the effective energy transfer from Yb3+ to Ho3+, and the optimal luminescence is achieved with the Ho3+ doping amount of 0.1 mol% as well as Yb3+ doping amount of 5 mol%. Tunable UC emission of samples is achieved by adjusting the doping concentration of Ho3+ or Yb3+. The purity of the green UC emission is further improved by enhancing the excitation pumping power. In addition, logarithmic functions of green, red and near-infrared radiation intensities were calculated versus logarithmic function of pump power for further study. A possible UC luminescence mechanism between Yb3+ and Ho3+ is discussed based on power-dependent UC luminescence spectrum and decay lifetimes. These results suggest that GdOF:Yb3+,Ho3+ phosphors with bright and high-purity green UC emission have potential applications in the fields of bioimaging, display and illumination.

Macroscopic quantum electrodynamics approach to multichromophoric excitation energy transfer. II. Polariton-mediated population dynamics in a dimer system.

In this study, based on the theory developed in Paper I, we explore the combined effects of molecular fluorescence and excitation energy transfer in a minimal model-a pair of single-vibration-mode chromophores coupled to surface plasmon polaritons. For the chromophores with zero Huang-Rhys factors and strong couplings to surface plasmon polaritons, we find that the frequencies of Rabi oscillations (the strengths of strong light-matter couplings) are associated with the initial excitation conditions. On the other hand, for the chromophores weakly coupled to surface plasmon polaritons, our numerical calculations together with analytical analysis elaborate on the conditions for the superradiant and subradiant decay behaviors. Moreover, we show that the modified decay rate constants can be explicitly expressed in terms of generalized spectral densities (or dyadic Green's functions), revealing a relationship between photonic environments and the collective effects such as superradiance and subradiance. For the chromophores with nonzero Huang-Rhys factors and strong coupling to surface plasmon polaritons, the effects of molecular vibrations emerge. We demonstrate that the low-frequency vibrational modes do not affect the excited state population dynamics, while the high-frequency vibrational modes can modify either the period of Rabi oscillation (Franck-Condon Rabi oscillation) or the amplitude of excited state population. Our study shows that the collective effects, including superradiance and subradiance, can be controlled via dielectric environments and initial excitation conditions, providing new insights into polariton chemistry and the design of quantum optical devices.

Can Global Value Chains Embedment Reduce Carbon Emissions Embodied in Exports?—Empirical Test Based on the Manufacturing Industries

Active participation in the global value chains (GVC) has been recognized as an important factor in curbing the growth of carbon emissions. However, how GVC embedment affects carbon emissions in economies and what are the pathways of its impact need to be further studied. This paper analyzes the mechanism of GVC embedment affecting carbon emissions embodied in exports (CEEE) and selects 17 manufacturing industries in 36 economies around the world for empirical testing. It is found that GVC embedment significantly reduces the CEEE. Specifically, GVC embedment has a suppressive effect on the CEEE of both developed and developing countries, and the former has a greater suppressive effect than the latter; the effect on the CEEE of low-tech industries is significantly negative but not conducive to carbon emissions reduction in high-tech industries; complex and forward embedment have higher emissions reduction effects compared with simple and backward embedment. More importantly, GVC embedment reduces the CEEE through energy conservation effect, structure effect and transfer effect, and all of them show significant inverted U-shaped mediation effect. The findings of this paper have important implications for the sustainable economic development around the world under the GVC division of labor system.